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زكريا تامر
Zakaria Tamer

Zakaria Tamer Syrian Writer
BornJanuary 2, 1931 (1931-01-02) (age 77)
Damascus, Syria
OccupationShort story writer, Newspaper Columnist, Newspaper Editor
NationalitySyrian
Writing period1960-Present
Genresshort story, Children's Literature

Zakaria Tamer (Arabic: زكريا تامر‎), also transliterated Zakariya Tamir (strict transliteration Zakariyyā Tāmir), (born January 2, 1931 in Damascus, Syria) is an influential master of the Arabic-language short story. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Damascus ( دمشق,, also commonly known as الشام ash-Shām) is the capital and largest city of Syria. Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. Nationality is a relationship between a Person and their State of Origin, Culture, association Affiliation and/or Loyalty Syrians today are an overall indigenous Levantine people closely related to their immediate neighbours like the Lebanese and (to a lesser extent Jordanians Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A literary genre is a category of literary composition Genres may be determined by Literary technique, tone, Content, or even (as in the case of fiction The short story is a literary genre of Fictional Prose Narrative that tends to be more concise and to the point than longer works of fiction such Children's literature is an age category of literature written for published for or marketed to Children roughly through age 12 Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Damascus ( دمشق,, also commonly known as الشام ash-Shām) is the capital and largest city of Syria. Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية

He is one of the most important and widely read and translated short story writers in the Arab world, as well as being the foremost author of children’s stories in Arabic. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language [1]He also writes children's stories and works as a freelance journalist, writing satirical columns in newspapers.

His volumes of short stories, are often reminiscent of folktales, and are renowned for their relative simplicity on the one hand and the complexity of their many potential references on the other. History The concept of folklore developed as part of the 19th century ideology of Romantic nationalism, leading to the reshaping of oral traditions to serve modern ideological They often have a sharp edge and are often a surrealistic protest against political or social oppression and exploitation. Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early-1920s and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members Most of his stories deal with man's inhumanity to man, likewise to woman, the oppression of the poor by the rich and of the weak by the strong.

To date he has written eleven short story collections, two satirical article collection and numerous children’s books.

Contents

Biography

Early life

Zakaria Tamer was born in 1931 in the Al-Basha district of Damascus. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He was forced to leave school in 1944, at the age of thirteen in order to help provide for his family. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [2] He was apprenticed to a blacksmith as a locksmith in a factory in the Al-Basha district of Damascus. [3] At the same time, as an autodidact, he spent many hours reading various books, he became interested in politics and was encouraged by contact with intellectuals to continue his education at night school. Autodidacticism (also autodidactism) is self-education or self-directed learning He read voraciously and was provoked by his reading, as he later said in an interview, "to create a voice which [he] hadn't been able to find [there]"[4]. His intention was to represent in his writing the very poor majority of men and women in Syria, with their joyless and restricted existence.

He began his literary career in 1957, when he published some stories in Syrian Journals. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) His first manuscript was noticed by Yusuf al-Khal, the poet, critic and editor of the magazine Shi'r ("Poetry") which at the time was acting as midwife to the birth of modern Arabic poetry. Yusuf al-Khal (1917 – 1987 was a Syrian born poet who has made his career largely in Lebanon; with Ali Ahmad Said (a The talent that lay behind the poetical prose of theses stories, was so unlike anything being written in Arabic at the time, that Al-Khal decided to publish it, this became his first collection of short stories, which was entitled The Neighing of the White Steed. [5]

The collection brought him considerable attention and repute amount readers and critics.

1960-1981

Zakaria Tamer
Zakaria Tamer

Following his literary success, which was reflected in the good reception of his first collection, he left his job as a blacksmith and embarked on a new career, as government official, as well as editor of several journals, including the cultural periodicals Al Mawqif al-Adabi, and Al Marifah, and the children’s magazine Usamah.

He was instrumental in the establishment of the Syrian Writers Union in Syria 1968. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He was Elected member of the executive bureau responsible for the publishing and print, and was vice-president of the Union for four years.

In 1980 he was dismissed from editing the periodical al-Marifah, published by the Syrian Ministry of Culture, as a result of the publication of extracts from Abd al-Rahman al-kawakibi’s (1849-1902) book, Tabai al istibadad (“The Characteristics of Despotism, 1900), in which the author denounced tyranny and called for freedom. Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar As a result of his dismissal, Tamer decided to travel to London, leaving his home country of Syria. [6]

1980s onwards

Interest in Tamer’s works did not lessen after his immigration to Great Britain [7]. See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands In the year 2000 the Syrian literary journal al-Mawqif al-adabī published five articles on Zakaria Tamer's fiction in a special issue. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Among them there is a paper by Najm Abd Allāh Kāim on the genre to which Tamer’s works belong, pointing out the economy and ambiguity of the language by which he expresses the correlation between the narrative context and its implications, which is of fundamental importance for the aesthetic structure of Tamer’s short stories. Another scholar, Nādiyā Khūst, analyses Nidā Nū in particular, and notes the psychological paradox underlying the bizarre situations depicted in his stories. [8]

This paradox reveals the general qualities of Tamer’s creative technique, including the intermingling of farce and tragedy, of humor and seriousness.

From 1981-1982 he took charge of Al Dustoor magazine as Managing editor, he went on to be culture editor of Al Tadhamon magazine (1983-1988) and in became managing editor of Al Naqid magazine (1988-1993), and culture editor at Riyadh Al Rayes Publishing House. Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar)

He also wrote for various newspapers and periodicals published in London, including Al-Quds Al-Arabi. Al-Quds Al-Arabi (القدس العربی ( English: "Arab Jerusalem " is an independent

Quotes

“We are deceiving ourselves if we believe that a literary work written and published in a country where 70 per cent of the population is illiterate, can change the political and social life of the country. . it is up to political organization. . and not to romantic literature. . to change the present situation. ”

Awards

Themes In Writing

A common theme in his writing has been that the strongest of us can gradually be broken and tamed by those who wield the whip of power. Those who rule, Zakaria Tamer tells us in many a story, while devoid of all the noble qualities that should be theirs, possess the intuitive awareness of how to use the carrot and the stick. An Arab critic once contrasted him with Charles Darwin: One showing how humans developed from monkeys, the other showing how humans could be manipulated into becoming monkeys. Charles Robert Darwin (February 12 1809 &ndash April 19 1882 was an English naturalist, who realised and demonstrated that all Species of life

Another favorite themes, as seen in such stories as the "The Stale Loaf" and the "Room with Two Beds", the sexual frustration of the young in the Arab world and the toll that is exacted - particularly from the women - when sexual taboos are breached, or are thought to have been breached.

Though humor is not one of the ingredients of theses stories, the writer does allow himself an occasional sardonic grin at the forms of injustice to which man is subjected by his rulers, his fellow men and the circumstances of lives enclosed in routine of ill-rewarded work and un-fulfillment. Zakaria Tamer's world is Orwellian though unmistakably Arab. The adjective Orwellian describes the situation idea or societal condition that George Orwell identified as being destructive to the welfare of a free-society The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding The secret police, with their physical brutalities, feature in many of the stories, as for instance in the dark-humored "A summary of What Happened to Mohammed al-Mahmoudi", where a harmless old man finds that even in death he is not immune from their attentions.

The directness and absence of embroidery with which Zakaria Tamer writes is a powerful weapon in giving distinctive form to the basic themes to which he returns again and again.

Works

To date he has published eleven collections of stories, two satirical articles' collections and dozens of children's books. Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human

Short Story Collections

Satiric articles' collections

Other Collections

Editorial Work

Other Activities

Newspaper Columns

See also


Notes

  1. ^ New Developments in the Arabic Short Story during the Seventies Moussa-Mahmoud, Fatma, British Society for Middle Eastern Studies, Page 109, 1983 03056139 Taylor & Francis Ltd. Al-Quds Al-Arabi (القدس العربی ( English: "Arab Jerusalem " is an independent Arabic literature ( Arabic: الأدب العربي Al-Adab Al-Arabi) is the writing produced both Prose and Poetry, by speakers This is a partial list of published Short story Authors Letters A-E Chinua Achebe (born 1930 Sherman Alexie (born This is a list of prominent Syrian people Modern (alphabetical order Paula Abdul, Grammy winning singer Emmy winning choreographer dancer TV Personality
  2. ^ A Reader of Modern Arabic Short Stories, Publisher: Saqi Books (April 1, 2000): ISBN: 0863561918
  3. ^ Ibrāhīm al-Arash, Ittijāhāt al-qiah fī Sūriyā bad al-arb al-ālamiyyah ath-thāniyah (Damascus: Dār as-Suāl, 1982), 273. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.
  4. ^ Al-Marifa, August 1972
  5. ^ Tigers on the Tenth Day and Other Stories By Denys Johnson-Davies(TRANSLATOR), Zakarīyā Tāmir, Zakaria Tamer, 1985, ISBN 0704324652
  6. ^ Damascene Shahrazad: The Images of Women in Zakariyya Tamir’s Short Stories Source: Hawwa 4, no. 1 (2006)
  7. ^ Najm Abd Allāh Kāim, “Zakariyyā Tāmir wa-tajribat al-kitābāt al-qaīrah,” in al-Mawqif al-adabī, no. 352 (Damascus: Ittiād al-Kuttāb al-Arab, 2000), 10.
  8. ^ [3] Nādiyā Khūst, “Qia Zakariyyā Tāmir al-jadīda,” ibid. , 33
  9. ^ profile for Zakaria tamer at the Owais Cultural Foundation http://www.alowaisnet.org//en/controls/winner_details.aspx?Id=110
  10. ^ Three Syrian Intellectuals honored, Syria Live http://www.syrialive.net/arts/070202Three%20Syrian%20intellectuals%20honored.htm

References

Further reading

Selected studies

External links


Persondata
NAMEZakaria Tamer
ALTERNATIVE NAMESTamir, zakariyya; tamer, zakariya, zakaria,
SHORT DESCRIPTIONSyrian Writer of Short stories, Newspaper Columnist, Newspaper Editor
DATE OF BIRTH01/02/1931
PLACE OF BIRTHDamascus, Syria
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH
Damascus ( دمشق,, also commonly known as الشام ash-Shām) is the capital and largest city of Syria. Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية
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