Citizendia

Yehudi Menuhin
from the film Stage Door Canteen, 1943
from the film Stage Door Canteen, 1943
Background information
BornApril 22, 1916(1916-04-22)
New York City, New York, USA
DiedMarch 12, 1999 (aged 82)
Berlin, Germany
Genre(s)Classical
Occupation(s)Conductor, pedagogue, violinist, writer
Instrument(s)Violin
Years active1923-1999
Notable instrument(s)
Violin
Giovanni Bussetto 1680
Giovanni Grancino 1695
Guarneri filius Andrea 1703
Soil Stradivarius
Prince Khevenhüller 1733 Stradivari
Guarneri del Gesù 1739
Lord Wilton 1742 Guarneri del Gesù

Yehudi Menuhin, Baron Menuhin, OM, KBE (April 22, 1916 – March 12, 1999) was an American-born violinist and conductor who spent most of his performing career in the United Kingdom. Stage Door Canteen ( 1943) is a Musical film produced by Sol Lesser Productions and distributed by United Artists. Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The City of New York The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to mainstream music produced in or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and Secular music Conducting is the act of directing a Musical performance by way of visible gestures In Education, a teacher is one who helps Students or pupils often in a School, as well as in a Family, religious or The following lists of violinists are available List of classical violinists, names of great violinist from baroque era till 20th century A writer is anyone who creates a written work although the word usually designates those who write creatively or professionally as well as those who have written in many different forms A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified for the purpose of making Music. The violin is a bowed String instrument with four strings usually tuned in Perfect fifths It is the smallest and highest-pitched member Giovanni Grancino (1637-1709 son of Andrea Grancino was one of the early Milanese Luthiers, and may have worked with brother Francesco Guarneri is the family name of a group of distinguished Violin makers ( Luthiers from Cremona in Italy in the 17th and 18th centuries whose standing The Soil Stradivarius (pronounced “swah”) of 1714 is an Antique Violin made by Italian Luthier Antonio Stradivari of Antonio Stradivari (1644 &ndash December 18 1737 was an Italian Luthier, a crafter of Stringed instruments such as Violins cellos Giuseppe Guarneri del Gesù ( August 21, 1698 &ndash October 17, 1744) is the only Luthier to rival Antonio Stradivari Giuseppe Guarneri del Gesù ( August 21, 1698 &ndash October 17, 1744) is the only Luthier to rival Antonio Stradivari The Order of Merit is a British and Commonwealth Order bestowed by the Monarch. The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British Order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The following lists of violinists are available List of classical violinists, names of great violinist from baroque era till 20th century Conducting is the act of directing a Musical performance by way of visible gestures The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Though born in New York City, New York, he later became a citizen of Switzerland in 1970, and in 1985, of the United Kingdom. The City of New York New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar)

Contents

Biography

Early career

Born to Russian (Belarusian) Jewish parents, his sisters were concert pianist and human rights worker Hephzibah Menuhin and the pianist, painter, and poet Yaltah Menuhin. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Hephzibah Menuhin (20 May 1920 - 1 January 1981 was an American -Jewish Pianist and human rights worker Yaltah Menuhin (7 October 1921 – 9 June 2001 was an American Pianist. Through his father Moshe Menuhin, a former rabbinical student and anti-Zionist writer, Menuhin was descended from a distinguished rabbinical dynasty. Moshe Menuhin was born in Russia in 1893 to a distinguished religious Jewish family Menuhin began violin instruction at age three under violinist Sigmund Anker. He displayed extraordinary talents at an early age. His first solo violin performance was at the age of seven with the San Francisco Symphony in 1923. The San Francisco Symphony ( SFS) is a leading Orchestra based in San Francisco California. Menuhin later studied under the Romanian composer and violinist George Enescu, after which he made several recordings with his sister Hephzibah. Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance George Enescu (pronunciation in Romanian: /'ʤěorʤe e'nesku/ known in France as Georges Enesco) ( August 19 1881, Liveni &ndash He was also a student of Louis Persinger and Adolf Busch. Louis Persinger ( 11 February, 1887 &ndash 31 December, 1966) was an American Violinist and Pianist. Adolf Georg Wilhelm Busch ( August 8, 1891 &ndash June 9, 1952) was a German -born Violinist and Composer.

World War II musician

Yehudi Menuhin performed for allied soldiers during World War II, and went with the composer Benjamin Britten to perform for inmates of Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, after its liberation in April 1945. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Edward Benjamin Britten Baron Britten, OM CH (22 November 1913 – 4 December 1976 was an English Composer, conductor, Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people commonly in large groups without trial He returned to Germany in 1947 to perform under the baton of conductor Wilhelm Furtwängler as an act of reconciliation, becoming the first Jewish musician to do so following the Holocaust. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Wilhelm Furtwängler (January 25 1886 &ndash November 30 1954 was a PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ The Holocaust (from the Greek el ''ὁλόκαυστον'' (el-Latn holókauston holos, "completely" and kaustos, "burnt" also known as After building early success on richly romantic and tonally opulent performances, he experienced considerable physical and artistic difficulties caused by overwork during World War II as well as unfocused and unstructured early training. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Careful practice and study combined with meditation and yoga (the latter he mostly learned from B.K.S. Iyengar) helped him overcome many of these problems. Meditation is a mental discipline by which one attempts to get beyond the conditioned "thinking" mind into a deeper state of relaxation or awareness Yoga ( Sanskrit: योग, IAST: yóga, joːgə refers to traditional physical and mental disciplines originating in India, to the Bellur Krishnamachar Sundararaja Iyengar ( Kannada:ಬೆಳ್ಳೂರ್ ಕೃಷ್ಣಮಾಚಾರ್ ಸುಂದರರಾಜ ಐಯಂಗಾರ್ (also known as Yogacharya His profound and considered musical interpretations are nearly universally acclaimed. When he finally started recording, he was known for practicing by deconstructing music phrases one note at a time.

Menuhin continued to perform to an advanced age, becoming known for profound interpretations of an austere quality, as well as for his explorations of music outside the classical realm.

World interactions

Menuhin credited the German-Jewish philosopher Constantin Brunner with providing him with "a theoretical framework within which I could fit the events and experiences of life" (Conversations with Menuhin: 32-34). Constantin Brunner ( 27 August 1862 –1937 was the Pen-name

In 1952, Menuhin met and befriended the influential yogi B.K.S. Iyengar before he had come to prominence outside India. Yoga ( Sanskrit: योग, IAST: yóga, joːgə refers to traditional physical and mental disciplines originating in India, to the Bellur Krishnamachar Sundararaja Iyengar ( Kannada:ಬೆಳ್ಳೂರ್ ಕೃಷ್ಣಮಾಚಾರ್ ಸುಂದರರಾಜ ಐಯಂಗಾರ್ (also known as Yogacharya India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Menuhin arranged for Iyengar to teach abroad in London, Switzerland, Paris and elsewhere. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This was the first time that many Westerners had been exposed to yoga. Yoga ( Sanskrit: योग, IAST: yóga, joːgə refers to traditional physical and mental disciplines originating in India, to the

Menuhin made several recordings with the German conductor Wilhelm Furtwangler, who had been criticized for conducting in Germany during the Nazi era. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Wilhelm Furtwängler (January 25 1886 &ndash November 30 1954 was a Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German Menuhin defended Furtwangler, noting that the conductor had helped a number of Jewish musicians to flee Nazi Germany.

In 1962 he established the Yehudi Menuhin School in Stoke d'Abernon, Surrey. The Yehudi Menuhin School is a specialist music school in Surrey, England. Stoke d'Abernon is a small village situated between Cobham and Leatherhead in the county of Surrey. Surrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. He also established the music program at the Nueva School in Hillsborough, California sometime around then. The Nueva School is a Pre-K through 8th grade Private school in Hillsborough CA for gifted and talented children Hillsborough is an incorporated town in San Mateo County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. In 1965 he received an honorary knighthood. Knight is the English term for a social position originating in the Middle Ages. In the same year, Australian composer Malcolm Williamson wrote a concerto for Menuhin. Malcolm Benjamin Graham Christopher Williamson AO (honorary CBE (21 November 1931 – 2 March 2003 was an Australian Composer and Master of the A deeply spiritual and profoundly moving work, he performed the concerto many times and recorded it at its première at the Bath Festival in 1965.

In 1997 Yehudi, along with Ian Stoutzker founded the charity Live Music Now, the largest outreach music project in the UK. LMN pays and trains professional musicians to work in the community bringing joy and comfort to those who rarely get an opportunity to hear or see live music performance.

Menuhin's pupils included Nigel Kennedy, Hungarian violist Csaba Erdelyi and violist Paul Coletti. Nigel Kennedy (born 28 December 1956 in Brighton England) is a Violinist and Violist. Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Paul Coletti is a prominent viola soloist and chamber musician Arguably the most famous of Menuhin's violins is the Lord Wilton Guarneri del Gesù made in 1742. Guarneri is the family name of a group of distinguished Violin makers ( Luthiers from Cremona in Italy in the 17th and 18th centuries whose standing

In the 1980s Menuhin wrote and oversaw the creation of a "Music Guides" series of books; each covered musical instruments with one on the human voice. Menuhin wrote some whilst others were edited by different authors.

Later career

Menuhin regularly returned to the San Francisco Bay Area, sometimes performing with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra. One of the more memorable, later performances was of the violin concerto of Sir Edward Elgar, which Menuhin had recorded with the composer for HMV in London in 1932. His Master's Voice, today usually abbreviated to HMV, is a famous Trademark in the music business and for many years was the name of a large record label He also hosted the PBS telecast of the gala opening concert of the orchestra from Davies Symphony Hall in September 1980. The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the During the 1970s, '80s and '90s, he made jazz recordings with Stéphane Grappelli, classical recordings with L. Subramaniam and albums of Eastern music with the great sitarist Ravi Shankar. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Stéphane Grappelli ( January 26 1908 &ndash December 1 1997) was a French Jazz Violinist who founded the Lakshminarayanan Subramaniam ( Subramaniam Lakshminarayanan L The sitar ( Hindi: सितार Urdu: ستار Persian: سی تار) is a Plucked stringed instrument. Pandit Ravi Shankar ( রবি শংকর Devanagari: रविशंकर "Pandit" ( Sanskrit, "learned" is honorific born April In 1983 he founded the Yehudi Menuhin International Competition for Young Violinists in Folkestone, Kent. Folkestone (ˈfoʊkstən is a resort town on the south coast of Kent, England, traditionally known as "The Garden Coast" KENT (1400 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Adult Standards/MOR format In 1985 he was awarded British citizenship and was now entitled to the accolade "Sir Yehudi" as his knighthood was no longer honorary. British nationality law is the law of the United Kingdom concerning Citizenship and other categories of British Nationality. In 1990 he was the first conductor for the Asian Youth Orchestra which toured around Asia, including Japan, Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong with Julian Lloyd Webber and a group of young talented musicians from all over Asia. The Asian Youth Orchestra (AYO was founded by Yehudi Menuhin and Richard Pontzious, with its inaugural concerts held in August 1990, conducted by For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. Singapore Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders Julian Lloyd Webber (born April 14 1951) is one of the world's most renowned solo cellists

Personal life

Yehudi Menuhin was married twice. He first married Nola Nicholas, daughter of an Australian industrialist, and sister of Hephzibah Menuhin's first husband Lindsay Nicholas. Hephzibah Menuhin (20 May 1920 - 1 January 1981 was an American -Jewish Pianist and human rights worker They had two children, Krov and Zamira. Following their divorce, he married the British ballerina and actress Diana Gould, with whom he had two sons, Gerard and Jeremy, a pianist.

The name Yehudi means 'Jew' in Hebrew. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ In an interview published in October 2004, he recounted to New Internationalist magazine the story of his name:

Obliged to find an apartment of their own, my parents searched the neighbourhood and chose one within walking distance of the park. New Internationalist is a magazine from New Internationalist Publications, a Co-operative -run publisher based in Oxford England. Showing them out after they had viewed it, the landlady said: "And you'll be glad to know I don't take Jews. " Her mistake made clear to her, the antisemitic landlady was renounced, and another apartment found. Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility But her blunder left its mark. Back on the street my mother made a vow. Her unborn baby would have a label proclaiming his race to the world. He would be called "The Jew. "[1]

Ironically, in November 2005 his son Gerard was forced to resign from his post as chairman of the Yehudi-Menuhin-Stiftung for expressing his alleged neo-Nazi, and surely anti-Zionist, opinion suggesting that "Germany was being blackmailed by an international Jewish conspiracy preying on the country’s war guilt". [2]

A picture of Menuhin as a child is sometimes used as part of a Thematic Apperception Test. The Thematic Apperception Test is an example of a Projective test. [3]

Lord Menuhin died in Berlin, Germany following a brief illness, from complications of bronchitis. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Bronchitis is an Inflammation of the Bronchi. More specifically it may refer to Acute bronchitis, caused by viruses or bacteria and lasting

Soon after his death, the Royal Academy of Music acquired the Yehudi Menuhin Archive, one of the most comprehensive collections ever assembled by an individual musician. The Royal Academy of Music in London, England, is a well known conservatoire and one of the leading music institutions in the world

Awards and Recognitions

In 1987 his recording of the Elgar: Cello Concerto in E Minor, Op. 85 with Julian Lloyd Webber won the BRIT Award for Best British Classical Recording. The Léonie Sonning Music Prize, or Sonning Award, which is recognized as Denmark 's highest musical honor is given annually to an international Musician The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe The Kennedy Center Honors is an annual honor given to artists in the performing arts Sir Edward Elgar 's Cello Concerto in E minor Op 85 was his last notable work and is a cornerstone of the solo Cello repertoire Julian Lloyd Webber (born April 14 1951) is one of the world's most renowned solo cellists The BRIT Awards, often simply called The BRITs, are the British Phonographic Industry 's annual pop music awards The recording was also chosen as the finest ever version by BBC Music Magazine. In 1990 he was awarded the Glenn Gould Prize in recognition of his lifetime of contributions. The Glenn Gould Prize is an international award bestowed by the Glenn Gould Foundation in memory of noted Canadian pianist Glenn Gould. He received a Doctorate Honoris causa from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel. A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement An honorary degree or a degree honoris causa ( Latin: 'for the sake of the honour' is an Academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding The Vrije Universiteit Brussel is a Flemish University located in Brussels, Belgium. In 1993 he was created a life peer as Baron Menuhin, of Stoke d'Abernon in the County of Surrey. In the United Kingdom, life peers are created members of the Peerage whose titles may not be inherited (those whose titles are inheritable are known as Hereditary Stoke d'Abernon is a small village situated between Cobham and Leatherhead in the county of Surrey. Surrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. [4] In the European Parliament in Brussels, the room in which concerts and performances are held is called the "Yehudi Menuhin Space". The European Parliament ( Europarl or EP) is the only directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is

Cultural References

The catchphrase "Who's Yehoodi?" popular in the 1930s and 1940s was inspired by Menuhin's guest appearance on a radio show, where Jerry Colonna turned "Yehoodi" into a widely recognized slang term for a mysteriously absent person. A catch phrase (or catchphrase) is a phrase or expression recognized by its repeated utterance The Catchphrase "Who's Yehoodi?" (or alternatively "Who's Yehudi?") originated when violinist Yehudi Menuhin was a guest on the popular The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. The 1940s decade ran from 1940 to 1949 Events and trends The 1940s was a period between the radical 1930s and the conservative 1950s which also leads the period to be Jerry Colonna ( Gerardo Luigi Colonna, September 17, 1904, Boston Massachusetts - November 21, 1986, Woodland Hills Slang is the use of highly informal Words and expressions that are not considered standard in the speaker's Dialect or Language. It eventually lost all of its original connection with Menuhin. Yehudi Menuhin was also 'meant' to appear on The Morecambe and Wise Show but couldn't as he was 'opening at the Argyl Theatre, Birkenhead'. Eric Morecambe and Ernie Wise, usually referred to as Morecambe and Wise, were a British comic Double act, working in variety, radio Film He was instead replaced by Eric Morecambe in a famous sketch featuring the conductor Andre Previn[5]

Bibliography

Menuhin was also mentioned a number of times in Pat Conroy's novel The Prince of Tides.

Films

References

  1. ^ "Yehudi Menuhin (1916-1999)" (October 2004). New Internationalist (372).  
  2. ^ Roger Boyes. "Menuhin's son forced to resign over 'anti-Semitic' interviews", The Times, 15 November 2005. Retrieved on 2007-01-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva.  
  3. ^ "A young boy is contemplating a violin...", University of Tennessee. Retrieved on 2007-01-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva.  
  4. ^ Sir Yehudi Menuhin, Baron Menuhin: thepeerage.com. Retrieved on 2007-08-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 70 - The Destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem by the Romans.
  5. ^ YouTube - Broadcast Yourself

External links

Persondata
NAMEMenuhin, Yehudi
ALTERNATIVE NAMESMenuhin, Baron Menuhin, Yehudi (full name with title)
SHORT DESCRIPTIONViolinist and conductor
DATE OF BIRTHApril 22, 1916
PLACE OF BIRTHNew York City, New York, United States
DATE OF DEATHMarch 12, 1999
PLACE OF DEATH
The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The City of New York New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar)
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