The World Conference against Racism (WCAR) are international events organized by the UNESCO in order to struggle against racism ideologies and behaviours. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on November 16 Anti-racism includes beliefs actions movements and policies adopted or developed to oppose Racism. Three conferences have been held so far, in 1978, 1983 and 2001. The next conference is planned for 2009. [1] Founded after World War II and the Holocaust as a dependent body of the United Nations, the UNESCO started as soon as its creation to promote scientific studies concerning ethnic groups and their diffusion in the public opinion in order to dispel pseudo-scientific rationalizations of racism. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Holocaust (from the Greek el ''ὁλόκαυστον'' (el-Latn holókauston holos, "completely" and kaustos, "burnt" also known as The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security That the manufacture of consent is capable of great refinements no one I think denies Scientific racism denotes the use of scientific or ostensibly scientific findings and methods to support or validate racist attitudes and worldviews One of its first published work was The Race Question in 1950, signed by various internationally renowned scholars. The Race Question is a UNESCO statement issued on 18 July, 1950 following World War II.
Contents |
1978 conference
| International opposition to Apartheid in South Africa |
|---|
| Campaigns |
| Instruments and legislation |
UN Resolution 1761 (1962) |
| Organisations |
Anti-Apartheid Movement |
| Conferences |
1964 Conference for Economic Sanctions |
| United Nations Security Council Resolutions |
Resolution 181 |
| Other aspects |
Elimination of Racism Day |
The 1978 World Conference against Racism was held in Geneva, Switzerland. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Disinvestment (or divestment from South Africa was first advocated in the 1960s in protest of South Africa's system of Apartheid, but was not implemented on a significant The Academic boycotts of South Africa were a series of Boycotts of South African academic institutions and scholars initiated in the 1960s at the request of the Constructive engagement was the name given to the policy of the Reagan Administration towards the Apartheid regime in South Africa in the early 1980s and United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1761 was passed on 6 November 1962 in response to the Racist policies of Apartheid The crime of apartheid is defined by the 2002 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court which established the International Criminal Court as inhumane acts The Gleneagles Agreement was unanimously approved by the Commonwealth of Nations at a meeting at Gleneagles, Auchterarder, Scotland. The Sullivan Principles are the names of two corporate codes of conduct, developed by the African-American preacher Rev The Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act () sponsored by US Representative Ron Dellums in 1972 was the first United States anti-apartheid legislation Anti-Apartheid Movement, originally known as the Boycott Movement, was a British organization that was at the center of the international movement opposing South Africa's United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1761 was passed on 6 November 1962 in response to the Racist policies of Apartheid Artists United Against Apartheid was a 1985 protest group founded by activist and performer Steven Van Zandt to protest Apartheid in South Africa Halt All Racist Tours was a group set up in New Zealand in 1969 to protest Rugby union tours to and from Apartheid South Africa. The Organisation of African Unity ( OAU) or Organisation de l'Unité Africaine ( OUA) was established on 25 May 1963. Disinvestment (or divestment from South Africa was first advocated in the 1960s in protest of South Africa's system of Apartheid, but was not implemented on a significant The World Conference against Racism ( WCAR) are international events organized by the UNESCO in order to struggle against racism ideologies and behaviours United Nations Security Council Resolution 181, adopted on August 7, 1963, was concerned with an arms build-up by the Republic of South United Nations Security Council Resolution 191, adopted on June 18, 1964, after reiterating its previous requests of the Republic of South United Nations Security Council Resolution 282, adopted on July 23, 1970, concerned by violations of the arms embargo passed against South United Nations Security Council Resolution 418, passed on 4 November 1977 imposed a mandatory Arms embargo against Apartheid South Africa. Adopted on September 29, 1978, this resolution put forward proposals for a cease-fire and UN-supervised elections in South Africa controlled South-West Africa United Nations Security Council Resolution 591 strengthened the mandatory Arms embargo against Apartheid South Africa imposed by United Nations Security The International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination is observed annually on 21 March. " Biko " is a Protest song by British rock musician Peter Gabriel. The Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute was a global broadcast event staged on June 11, 1988 at the Wembley Stadium, London Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation A major focus on the conference was South Africa's apartheid policies of racial segregation and discrimination. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa
1983 conference
The 1983 World Conference against Racism was also held in Geneva, Switzerland
2001 conference
The 2001 conference was held in Durban, South Africa, under UN auspices, from 31 August until 8 September 2001. Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation The 2001 World Conference against Racism (WCAR was held at the Durban International Convention Centre in Durban, South Africa, under Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Durban (eThekwini is the third most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the EThekwini metropolitan municipality. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Former Irish president Mary Robinson, then the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, presided as Secretary-General. Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. Mary Therese Winifred Robinson (Máire Mhic Róibín born 21 May 1944 was the first female President of Ireland, serving from 1990 to 1997 and the United Nations
Entitled "World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance," the conference was discussing unfair treatment of one group against another. Much of the deliberations focused specifically on Israeli treatment of Palestinians, culminating in a call by some countries to reestablish the controversial UNGA 3379 resolution from 1975 equating Zionism with racism. History of Zionism|Timeline of Zionism|World Zionist Organization|Zionist political violence Zionism is an international political movement that originally supported the [1][2] . Both Australia and Canada made statements accusing the conference of hypocrisy. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page
Both the United States and Israel pulled their delegations from the WCAR. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. The final text drops all direct criticism of Israel, but does recognise the Palestinians' right to self-determination and expresses concern at their plight 'under foreign occupation'.
Also in the conference, African countries - led by Nigeria and Zimbabwe - and African-American NGO's wanted individual apologies from each of the countries responsible for slavery, recognition of it as a crime against humanity and reparations called as such. The Europeans pulled together behind the UK and the best the Africans could get was a call for support for the New African Initiative, debt relief, funds to combat AIDS, the recovery of stolen government funds transferred to the West by former dictators and their cohorts, and an end to the trafficking in people. But the word 'reparations' did not survive. [3]
2009 conference
The 2009 World Conference Against Racism will once again be held in Durban, South Africa. Durban (eThekwini is the third most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the EThekwini metropolitan municipality. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Criticism of the Conference has already started due in large part to countries such as Iran and Libya being named to the Conference planning committee. Canada has announced that it will not participate in the Conference because it believes the Conference will actually promote racism and intolerance. Israel followed Canada's lead by announcing it will not participate in the conference unless it is proven that the conference will not be used as a platform for further anti-Israeli and anti-Semitic behavior. [2] [3][4]
See also
- The Race Question, UNESCO statement, 1950
References
External links
The Race Question is a UNESCO statement issued on 18 July, 1950 following World War II.Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic