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This article is about the revolt leader Wat Tyler. For the punk rock band, see Wat Tyler (band). Wat Tyler was an English Punk rock band known for their eclectic style Surreal humour, and inside jokes.
Wat Tyler's Death
Wat Tyler's Death

Walter Tyler, commonly known as Wat Tyler (January 4, 1341 – June 15, 1381) was the leader of the English Peasants' Revolt of 1381. Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland

Contents

Early life

Knowledge of Tyler's early life is very limited, and derives mostly through the records of his enemies. Historians believe he was born in Essex, but are not sure why he crossed the Thames Estuary to Kent, whence he led the revolt. Essex is a county in the East of England. The County town is Chelmsford, and the highest point of the county is Chrishall Common The Thames Estuary is the area in which the River Thames meets the waters of the North Sea. KENT (1400 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Adult Standards/MOR format

From Life and Adventures of Wat Tyler, the Brave and Good, published in 1851, historians have reconstructed his youth, prior to his appearance as a historical figure. 1851 ( MDCCCLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year The reconstruction is based solely on speculation and assumptions, as minimal primary documentation exists relating to Tyler outside the rebellion. For instance, one story states that, with the help of fellow-villagers, Tyler routed out a nest of robbers which had plagued his neighbourhood. Following a failed romance, Tyler joined the English army which was then preparing to leave for France. He was present at the Battle of Crécy where Edward appointed him to assist the famous Black Prince. Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales, KG (15 June 1330 – 8 June 1376 popularly known as The Black Prince, was the eldest son of King Edward He was cited for his bravery in the Battle of Poitiers and a number of naval engagements with Spain and France. This article covers the battle during the Hundred Years' War. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Tyler returned to Broxley, married, and became the village smith. A smith, or metalsmith, is a person involved in the shaping of Metal objects He settled down with the intention of spending the remainder of his life in an undistinguished fashion.

The Peasants' Revolt

With news of rebellions of the lower classes in France and Flanders, the English readied for an insurrection. Social class refers to the hierarchical distinctions (or stratification) between individuals or groups in Societies or Cultures. France in the Middle Ages covers an area roughly corresponding to modern day France, from the death of Charlemagne in 814 to the middle of the 15th Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. John Ball, Jack Straw and others advocated for the destruction of the hierarchical feudal system. John Ball (c 1338 - 15 July 1381) was an English Lollard priest who took a prominent part in the Peasants' Revolt of 1381. Jack Straw (probably the same person as John Rackstraw) was one of the three leaders (together with John Ball and Wat Tyler) of the Peasants' Revolt Feudalism, a term first used in the early modern period (17th century in its most classic sense refers to a Medieval Europe Political system composed Ball, like Tyler, held egalitarian values, though the Medieval historian Jean Froissart describes Ball as insane. Jean Froissart (c 1337 &ndash c 1405 was one of the most important of the Chroniclers of Medieval France. Other contemporaries suggest that he was involved with the Lollard movement. Lollardy was the political and religious movement of the Lollards from the mid- 14th century to the English Reformation. Such harsh, often unfounded attitudes toward the rebels are common among chroniclers as they belonged to the educated upper classes, usually the targets of rebellion and not supporters of it. Thus, is it hard to get an accurate sense of the actual aims and goals of rebels as their side of the story is not represented in historical accounts.

Richard II ascended to power after the death of Edward III; he was only 14 at the time of the rebellion. Richard II (6 January 1367 &ndash ca 14 February 1400 was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399 Edward III (13 November 1312 &ndash 21 June 1377 was one of the most successful English monarchs of the Middle Ages. As a minor, the Dukes of Lancaster, York, and Gloucester governed in his name. There were several Dukes of Lancaster in the 14th and early 15th Centuries For the nursery rhyme see The Grand Old Duke of York. The title Duke of York is a title of Nobility in the British Peerage Duke of Gloucester (ˈdjuːk əv ˈglɒstə is a British royal title (after Gloucester) often conferred on one of the sons of the reigning monarch These officials were the main targets of the rebels who held that they were traitors to the king and undermined his authority. There were several unsuccessful expeditions against France which added to the burden of the English working class. Working class is a term used in academic Sociology and in ordinary conversation to describe depending on context and speaker those employed in specific fields or types The government resolved on a poll tax of three groats which outraged the people. A poll tax, head tax, or capitation is a Tax of a uniform fixed amount per individual (as opposed to a percentage of income

Reacting to the poll tax, which the king had instated because not enough money had been levied the previous year, Tyler led rebels in taking Canterbury, then Blackheath outside London. Canterbury ( ˈkæntəbɹ̩i is a City in eastern Kent in the South East region of England. Blackheath is an area in southeast London centred around a section of open public grassland ('the Heath' and straddling the boundary of the London Borough of Lewisham and the London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. This resulted in the killing of the Archbishop of Canterbury, Simon Sudbury. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the chief bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the Simon Theobald or Simon of Sudbury (died 14 June 1381 was an Archbishop of Canterbury (1375&ndash1381 as well as Bishop of London. They destroyed the palace and killed the king's uncle. Richard of Wallingford presented a charter to King Richard II on behalf of Tyler. Richard of Wallingford ( 14th century) constable of Wallingford Castle and landowner in St Albans, played a key part in the English peasants' revolt The king met the rebel army at Mile End, and promised to address the peasants' grievances, which included the unpopular taxes. Mile End is an area of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in East London, England.

William Walworth (bottom left), kills Wat Tyler, at London Bridge
William Walworth (bottom left), kills Wat Tyler, at London Bridge

Twenty thousand people assembled at Smithfield. London Bridge is a Bridge between the City of London and Southwark in London, England, over the River Thames. Smithfield (also known as West Smithfield) is an area in the north-west part of the City of London, mostly known for its centuries-old meat market and its bloody history Richard II, who was 15 years old at the time, met them there. Wat Tyler decided to go and speak to the King and went alone. "King," said he, "do you see these men?" "Yes; what dost thou ask?" was the reply. "And thinkest thou, King, that these people, and as many as are in the city under my command ought to go without having had thy letters? Oh! no, we will carry them with us. " Wat gesticulated frantically. At this time the Mayor of London, William Walworth, came forward and addressed him. The Right Honourable Lord Mayor of London is the legal title for the Mayor of (and head of the City of London Corporation. Sir William Walworth (d 1385 Lord Mayor of London, came from a Durham family "Scoundrel! how dare thou thus behave in the presence of the King, and utter such words? It is too impudent for such as thou. " "Lay hands on him," said the King. "Hey, in God's name," replied Wat to the Mayor, "what I have said does it concern thee? What dost thou mean?" "Truly," answered the mayor, who finding himself supported by Richard, grew bold, "does it become such a slinking rascal as thou art, to use such speech in the presence of the King, thy natural lord? I will not live a day if thou pay not for it. " The Mayor quickly drew his sword, and slashed the unarmed Wat Tyler to the ground. In the next instant, the body was stabbed by one of the King's esquires — Ralph de Standish. Immediately, the King declared that he was now the leader of the rebels and told them to return to their homes, promising them charters of freedom. He broke his promise of freedom, however, and had the rebel leaders rounded up and killed.

The rebellion ended shortly after Tyler's death and had little to do with the disappearance of serfdom. Wat Tyler's name, however, served to become a watchword and a rallying cry during public demonstrations and rebellions throughout the later medieval period.

Consequences of the Revolt

A red dagger symbol seen in the coat of arms of the City of London and the City of London Corporation is believed by some to represent the dagger of the Lord Mayor and thus celebrate the killing of Tyler. A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people For London as a whole see the main article London. The City of London is a geographically The City of London Corporation (formerly known as the Corporation of London)is the municipal governing body of the City of London. It is more likely, however, to represent the martyrdom of St Paul, London's patron saint. The term martyr ( Greek μάρτυς martys "witness" is most commonly used today to describe an individual who sacrifices their life (or personal freedom Paul the apostle (שאול התרסי Šaʾul HaTarsi, meaning " Saul of Tarsus " Σαούλ Saul and Σαῦλος Saulos and The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members

There is now a country park next to the Thames Estuary in Basildon, Essex, named after him, Wat Tyler Country Park. The Thames Estuary is the area in which the River Thames meets the waters of the North Sea. Basildon (ˈbæzɪldən is a New Town located in south Essex, England at. There is also a public house in Dartford, Kent named the Wat Tyler, reputed to have been used by the eponymous rebel when the peasant army camped on East Hill, Dartford en route to Blackheath. Government Since 1997 Dartford's MP is Howard Stoate (Labour The Mayor for the year May 2008 to May 2009 is Councillor Ian Armitt There is also a road in Maidstone named Wat Tyler Way, and one on the western edge of Blackheath called Wat Tyler Road. Maidstone is the County town of Kent, England, south-east of London. Blackheath is an area in southeast London centred around a section of open public grassland ('the Heath' and straddling the boundary of the London Borough of Lewisham and the The folk band Fairport Convention composed a ballad telling the story of Wat Tyler.

In modern popular culture

References

External links

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