| Vidin | |
  Vidin | |
| Coordinates: | |
|---|---|
| Country |  Bulgaria |
| Provinces (Oblast) | Vidin |
| Government | |
| - Mayor | Rumen Vidov |
| Elevation | 34 m (112 ft) |
| Population (2005-09-13) | |
| - Total | 68,506 |
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) |
| - Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) |
| Postal Code | 3700 |
| Area code(s) | 094 |
Vidin (Bulgarian: Видин) is a town on the southern bank of the Danube in northwestern Bulgaria. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The state of Bulgaria (България transliterated bg-Latn ''Balgaria'' The country preserves the traditions (in ethnic name language and alphabet of the First Bulgarian Since 1999 Bulgaria has been divided into twenty-six provinces (области oblasti singular област oblast; also translated as "region" which Vidin Province is the northwesternmost province of Bulgaria. It borders Serbia and Romania. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Eastern European Time ( EET) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time Daylight saving time ( DST Eastern European Summer Time ( EEST) is one of the names of UTC+3 Time zone, 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+3 is used in the following locations Moscow Time Eastern European Summer Time West Asian Summer Time This is a list of Postal codes of all towns in Bulgaria. A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Bulgarian (български език IPA: ɛzˈik is an Indo-European language, a member of the Slavic linguistic group The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj The state of Bulgaria (България transliterated bg-Latn ''Balgaria'' The country preserves the traditions (in ethnic name language and alphabet of the First Bulgarian It is close to the borders with Serbia and Romania, and is also the administrative centre of Vidin Province. Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Vidin Province is the northwesternmost province of Bulgaria. It borders Serbia and Romania.
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Geography and population
Vidin is the westernmost important Bulgarian Danube port and is situated on one of the southernmost sections of the river. A ferryboat complex, linking Vidin with Calafat on the opposite side of the river, is located 2 km from the town. Calafat is a city in Dolj County, Romania, on the river Danube, opposite the Bulgarian city of Vidin, to which it is linked by ferryboat The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand The complex is to be replaced by the Calafat-Vidin Bridge. The Calafat-Vidin Bridge (Мост Видин-Калафат Most Vidin-Kalafat or Дунав мост 2 Dunav most 2; Podul Calafat-Vidin is a planned road
Vidin is the 19th town by population in Bulgaria, but serious demographic problems have been experienced in the area since World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including
There were also some Vlachs who lived in Vidin and to the north of it. Vlachs is a blanket term covering several modern Latin peoples descending from the Latinised population in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe The old Romanian name of the town is Diiu. Romanian or Daco-Romanian ( dated: Rumanian or Roumanian; self designation limba română, ˈlimba roˈmɨnə is a Romance
History
Vidin emerged at the place of an old Celtic settlement known as Dunonia, where a Roman fortified town called Bononia was later constructed. Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC The town grew into one of the important centres of the province of Upper Moesia, encompassing the territory of modern northwestern Bulgaria and eastern Serbia. Moesia (Μοισία Moisía; Мизия Miziya; Moesia Мезија Mezija) was an ancient region and Roman province situated in the Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country Roman rule lasted until 46 AD. Year 46 was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar.
When Slavs settled in the area, they called the town Badin or Bdin, where the modern name comes from.
Vidin's main landmark, the Baba Vida fortress, was built in the period from the 10th to the 14th century. Baba Vida (Баба Вида is a medieval fortress in Vidin in northwestern Bulgaria and the town's primary landmark In the Middle Ages Vidin used to be an important Bulgarian city, a bishop seat and capital of a large province. Between 971 and 976 the town was the center of Samuil's possessions while his brothers ruled to the south. In 1003 Vidin was seized by Basil II after a eight month siege because of the betrayal of the local bishop. Basil II, surnamed the Bulgar-slayer (Βασίλειος Β΄ Βουλγαροκτόνος Basileios II Boulgaroktonos, 958 &ndash December 15 1025 Its importance once again rose during the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1396) and its despots were influential figures in the Empire and were on several occasions chosen for Emperors. The Second Bulgarian Empire ( Bulgarian: Второ българско царство Vtorо Balgarskо Tsartsvo) was a Medieval Bulgarian state From the mid 13th century it was ruled by the Shishman family. Shishman (Шишман also Shishmanids or Shishmanovtsi (Шишмановци was a medieval Bulgarian royal dynasty of partial Cuman origin
In 1356, Bulgarian Tsar Ivan Alexander isolated Vidin from the Bulgarian monarchy and appointed his son Ivan Stratsimir (1356–1396) as absolute ruler of Vidin's new city-state. Tsar csar and tzar redirect here For other uses see Tsar (disambiguation. Ivan Alexander (Иван Александър transliterated Ivan Aleksandǎr; iˈvan alɛkˈsandɤr original spelling ІѠАНЪ АЛЄѮАНдРЪ Ivan Sratsimir or Ivan Stratsimir (Иван Срацимир was emperor ( Tsar) of Bulgaria in Vidin from 1356 to 1397 A city-state is a Region controlled exclusively by a City, usually having Sovereignty. In 1365, the Despotate of Vidin was occupied by Magyar crusaders. The Tsardom of Vidin (Видинско царство Vidinsko tsarstvo) was a medieval Bulgarian state with centre in the town of Vidin. Hungarians (or Magyars, magyarok are an Ethnic group primarily associated with Hungary. The Crusades were a series of military campaigns of a religious character waged by much of Christian Europe against external and internal opponents Under Hungarian rule, the city became known as Bodony, but the occupation was short-lived. The Kingdom of Hungary (short form Hungary) was a considerable state in Central Europe that existed from 1001 to 1918 then from 1919 to 1946 In 1369, a united Slavic Bulgarian empire drove out the Hungarian military, but in 1393 the whole of Bulgaria, along with the rest of the surrounding region, fell to the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish This brought an end to Bulgaria's medieval state empire. Vidin was now the only region controlled by the indigenous Bulgarian population and not the invading Ottoman Turks. The Ottoman Turks were the subdivision of the Ottoman Muslim Millet that dominated the ruling class of the Ottoman Empire.
The Ottomans went on to conquer the despotates of Dobrudzha, Prilep and Velbazhd as well. Prilep (Прилеп) is a city of 66246 citizens in the Republic of Macedonia and the fourth largest city in the country Kyustendil (Кюстендил historically bg Велбъжд Velbazhd) is a town in the very west of Bulgaria, and the capital of Kyustendil Province Vidin's independence did not last long. In 1396, Stratsimir contributed soldiers to assist the Slavic nations' bid to overturn the Ottoman Empire. Following defeat at the hands of the Ottomans outside the city of Nicopolis, Vidin finally fell under the sphere of the Ottomans, led by Bayezid I, as a punishment for their role in the hostilities. Nikopol (Никопол historically Νικόπολις Nicopolis is a town in northern Bulgaria, part of Pleven Province, on the right bank of the Danube Bayezid I ( Ottoman: بايزيد الأول Turkish: Beyazıt, nicknamed Yıldırım (Ottoman ییلدیرم "the Thunderbolt"
In the late years of Ottoman rule, Vidin was the centre of Turkish rebel Osman Pazvantoğlu's breakaway state. After falling almost entirely under Ottoman rule in the end of the 14th century, the Bulgarian state ceased to exist as an independent entity and remained part of the Ottoman Empire for Osman Pazvantoğlu (also spelled Osman Passvan-Oglou or Pasvanoglu, Pazvan Oglu / Oğlu; 1758 &mdash January 27, 1807
During the Serbo-Bulgarian War (1885), the town was besieged by a Serbian army. The Serbo-Bulgarian War (Сръбско-българска война translit Although vastly outnumbered, the Bulgarians defeated the enemy who suffered a humiliating defeat.
Landmarks
Vidin boasts two well-preserved medieval fortresses, Baba Vida and Kaleto, as well as many old Orthodox churches such as St Pantaleimon, St Petka (both 17th century), and St Greatmartyr Demetrius (19th century), a Jewish synagogue (1894), a mosque and a library of Osman Pazvantoğlu, the late 18th century Turkish ruler of northwestern Bulgaria, the cruciform barracks of 1798, and a number of old Renaissance buildings. Baba Vida (Баба Вида is a medieval fortress in Vidin in northwestern Bulgaria and the town's primary landmark As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar A synagogue (from Greek: grc συναγωγή transliterated synagogē, "assembly" he בית כנסת beit knesset, "house of Osman Pazvantoğlu (also spelled Osman Passvan-Oglou or Pasvanoglu, Pazvan Oglu / Oğlu; 1758 &mdash January 27, 1807 The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system
Vidin Broadcasting Station
Near Vidin, there is since 1973 a powerful mediumwave broadcasting station, whose signals can be easily received in whole Europe. It works on 576 kHz and on 1224 kHz with a power of 500 kW. For transmission on 576 kHz a 259 metres tall guyed mast equipped with a cage antenna at its lower part is used. For the transmission on 1224 kHz 4 guyed masts, insulated against ground, which are each equipped with a cage antenna are used, which allows a switchable directional pattern.
External links
- Official website
- Vidin web portal
- Vidin at Domino.bg
- VisitVidin.com
- Vidin info
- Vidin article at Pictures of Bulgaria
- Guide to Vidin district — cities and villages
- Vidin photo gallery
- Pictures of Vidin Broadcasting Station
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