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For the V Corps of the United States Army during the 20th – 21st Centuries, see U.S. V Corps. The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. The V Corps ( Fifth Corps)—nicknamed the Victory Corps —is a Corps of the United States Army.

The V Corps (Fifth Corps) was a unit of the Union Army of the Potomac during the American Civil War. The Union Army was the army that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South

Contents

1862

The corps was first organized briefly under Nathaniel P. Banks, but then permanently on May 18, 1862, designated as the "V Corps Provisional". Nathaniel Prentice (or Prentiss Banks ( January 30, 1816 September 1, 1894) was an American Politician and Soldier Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine. Year 1862 was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Monday (Banks' original command opposed Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign and ultimately became XII Corps. Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (January 21 1824 &ndash May 10 1863 was a Confederate general during the American Civil War, and probably the Background In the spring of 1862 "Southern morale. was at its nadir" and "prospects for the Confederacy's survival seemed bleak The XII Corps ( Twelfth Army Corps) was a Corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War. ) It was formed within the Army of the Potomac, which was engaged in the Peninsula Campaign to seize Richmond. The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. The Peninsula Campaign (also known as the Peninsular Campaign) of the American Civil War was a major Union operation launched in southeastern This article is about the city of Richmond the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia. It was created by merging Major General Fitz John Porter's 3rd Division of the III Corps with Major General George Sykes's division of U. Fitz John Porter ( August 31, 1822 &ndash May 21, 1901) (sometimes written FitzJohn Porter) was a career United States Army There were four formations in the Union Army designated as III Corps (or Third Army Corps) during the American Civil War. George Sykes ( October 9, 1822 &ndash February 8, 1880) was a career United States Army officer and a Union General S. Regular troops, formerly in the Reserve. The Regular Army is a name given to the permanent force of a country's army that is maintained during peacetime

Porter became corps commander and his 1st Division was assigned to Brig. Gen. George W. Morell. George Webb Morell ( January 8, 1815 &ndash February 11, 1883) was a civil engineer lawyer farmer and a Union general in the On July 22, 1862, "provisional" was dropped from the name as the U.S. War Department confirmed it as the V Corps, Army of the Potomac. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Year 1862 was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Monday The United States Department of War, sometimes also called the War Office, was the department of the United States government 's executive branch

The V Corps fought in several battles throughout the Peninsula Campaign, including Hanover Court House, Mechanicsville, Gaines' Mill, Glendale, and Malvern Hill. The Peninsula Campaign (also known as the Peninsular Campaign) of the American Civil War was a major Union operation launched in southeastern The Battle of Hanover Court House, also known as the Battle of Slash Church, took place on May 27, 1862, in Hanover County Virginia, as The Battle of Beaver Dam Creek, also known as the Battle of Mechanicsville or Ellerson's Mill, took place on June 26, 1862, in Hanover The Battle of Gaines' Mill, also known as the First Battle of Cold Harbor or the Battle of Chickahominy River, took place on June 27, 1862 The Battle of Glendale, also known as the Battle of Frayser's Farm, Frazier's Farm, Nelson's Farm, Charles City Crossroads, New Market The Battle of Malvern Hill, also known as the Battle of Poindexter's Farm, took place on July 1, 1862, in Henrico County Virginia, was The corps' losses in the Seven Days Battles were 995 killed, 3,805 wounded, and 2,801 captured or missing, totaling 7,601, or half the entire loss of the army. Start of the Peninsula Campaign Opposing forces See also [[Seven Days Confederate order of battle]] [[Seven Days Union order of battle]] Almost Of these casualties, 6,837 occurred at Gaines' Mill; the remainder at Mechanicsville, Glendale, and Malvern Hill. The corps was temporarily enlarged on June 14 by George A. McCall's division of Pennsylvania Reserves, which included future stars John F. Reynolds and George G. Meade. Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the George Archibald McCall ( March 16, 1802 &ndash February 25, 1868) was a United States Army officer who became a brigadier general John Fulton Reynolds ( September 20, 1820 &ndash July 1, 1863) was a career United States Army officer and a General in George Gordon Meade ( December 31, 1815 &ndash November 6, 1872) was a career United States Army officer and civil engineer involved The corps fought stoutly at Gaines' Mill in particular, where Porter commanded the Union forces that included only the V Corps and Henry W. Slocum's 1st Division of the VI Corps against nearly the entire Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. For the American tennis player see Henry Slocum (tennis Henry Warner Slocum ( September 24 1827 &ndash April 14 The VI Corps ( Sixth Army Corps) was a Corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War. The Army of Northern Virginia was the primary military force of the Confederate States of America in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War.

Following the failure of the Peninsula Campaign, the Pennsylvania Reserves were reassigned to Irvin McDowell's I Corps (III Corps at the Second Battle of Bull Run). Irvin McDowell ( October 15, 1818 &ndash May 4, 1885) was a career American army officer, famous for his defeat during I Corps (First Corps was the designation of three different Corps -sized units in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Background and opposing forces See also Northern Virginia Campaign See also [[Second Bull Run Confederate order of battle]] [[Confederate order of battle]] The V Corps was reassigned to Major General John Pope's Army of Virginia, along with the III and IX Corps of George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac. John Pope ( March 16, 1822 &ndash September 23, 1892) was a career United States Army officer and Union general in The Army of Virginia was organized as a major unit of the Union Army and operated briefly and unsuccessfully in 1862 in the American Civil War. There were four formations in the Union Army designated as III Corps (or Third Army Corps) during the American Civil War. IX Corps ( Ninth Army Corps) was a Corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War that distinguished itself in combat in multiple theaters George Brinton McClellan ( December 3 1826 October 29 1885) was a major general during the American Civil War.

The V Corps saw action at the Second Battle of Bull Run, fighting on the left wing of the Union army. Background and opposing forces See also Northern Virginia Campaign See also [[Second Bull Run Confederate order of battle]] [[Confederate order of battle]] Losses of the small corps were 331 killed, 1,362 wounded, and 456 missing; a total of 2,151, out of about 6,500 engaged. Two brigades, of six, were not engaged. One brigade, composed of two regiments under Gouverneur K. Warren, made a futile stand against the Confederate attack on the Union left flank. Gouverneur Kemble Warren ( January 8, 1830 &ndash August 8, 1882) was a Civil engineer and prominent general in the

The corps saw minimal action at the Battle of Antietam. The 1st Division was held in reserve in the relative center of the Union line, but Sykes's 2nd Division was drawn out during the battle. It was after Antietam that a new 3rd Division was added under Andrew A. Humphreys, composed mostly of nine-month recruits from Pennsylvania. Andrew Atkinson Humphreys (November 2 1810 &ndash December 27 1883 was a career United States Army officer civil engineer and a Union General in

In the Army of the Potomac's restructuring under newly appointed Major General Ambrose E. Burnside, the V Corps was placed with the III Corps in the Center "Grand Division" under the command of Joseph Hooker. Ambrose Everett Burnside (May 23 1824 September 13 1881 was an American soldier railroad executive inventor industrialist and politician from Rhode Island, Joseph Hooker ( November 13, 1814 &ndash October 31, 1879) was a career United States Army officer fought in the Mexican-American Major General Daniel Butterfield replaced Porter to command the V Corps at the Battle of Fredericksburg, and Generals Charles Griffin, Sykes, and Humphreys the three divisions. Daniel Adams Butterfield (October 31 1831 &ndash July 17 1901 was a New York businessman a Union General in the American Civil War, and Background and Burnside's plan The battle was the result of an effort by the Union Army to regain the initiative in its struggle against Lee's smaller but more aggressive army Charles Griffin (December 18 1825 – September 15 1867 was a career officer in the United States Army and a Union general in the American Civil War. Losses were 206 killed, 1,669 wounded, and 300 missing; total, 2,175.

1863

When Hooker took command of the Army of the Potomac in the spring, he did away with the "grand divisions" and made Butterfield his chief of staff. Major General George G. Meade, formerly commanding the 3rd Division of the I Corps, took charge of the V Corps. It was at this time that each corps was designated a symbol; the V Corps used a cross pattée, the straight-edged variant of the Maltese Cross. A cross pattée (also known as a "cross pattee" "cross patty" or "cross formy" or in German "Tatzenkreuz" is a type of The Maltese cross or Amalfi cross is identified as the symbol of an order of Christian warriors known as the Knights Hospitaller or Knights of Malta

Union Army 1st Division Badge, V Corps
Union Army 1st Division Badge, V Corps

The V Corps was not significantly engaged at Chancellorsville, but soon after the entire 3rd Division had their enlistments expire and went home. Forces and plans The Chancellorsville campaign began with the potential of leading to one of the most lopsided clashes in the war Another division under Brigadier General Samuel W. Crawford, made up of two Pennsylvania Reserve brigades, promptly joined while Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia invaded the North. Samuel Wylie Crawford ( November 8, 1829 &ndash November 3, 1892) was a United States Army surgeon and a Union general Robert Edward Lee (January 19 1807 &ndash October 12 1870 was a career United States Army officer, an Engineer, and among the most celebrated The Army of Northern Virginia was the primary military force of the Confederate States of America in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War.

George Sykes took command of the V Corps on June 28, 1863, as George Meade was promoted to command of the Army of the Potomac. Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul. Year 1863 ( MDCCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The corps arrived at the eastern end of the Gettysburg battlefield on July 2. Background and movement to battle See also [[Gettysburg Campaign]] [[Gettysburg Battlefield]] [[Gettysburg Confederate order of battle]] [[Confederate order of battle]] Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival They earned distinction from fighting in the Wheatfield, but were most famous for the actions of Colonel Strong Vincent's 3rd Brigade, 1st Division. Strong Vincent (June 17 1837 &ndash July 7 1863 was a lawyer who became famous as a U The brigade quickly marched to cover Little Round Top, a nearly bare hill at the left end of the Union line. See also Battle of Gettysburg Second Day See also [[Gettysburg Battlefield]] [[Gettysburg Confederate order of battle]] [[Confederate order of battle]] and [[Gettysburg Against ferocious attacks from the Confederate First Corps of James Longstreet, Vincent's brigade held the hill and saved the Union army from being flanked. James Longstreet (January 8 1821 &ndash January 2 1904 was one of the foremost Confederate Generals of the American Civil War and the principal subordinate The scene is depicted in the novel The Killer Angels (1974) by Michael Shaara and the movie Gettysburg (1993), based on the novel, focusing on the 20th Maine regiment at the extreme left, under the command of Colonel Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain. The Killer Angels ( 1974) is a historical novel by Michael Shaara that was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1975. Michael Shaara ( June 23, 1928 - May 5, 1988) was an American writer of Science fiction, Sports fiction, and Gettysburg is a 1993 Film that dramatizes the decisive Battle of Gettysburg in the American Civil War. Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain ( September 8, 1828 February 24, 1914) was an American college Professor from the State of

The V Corps saw the deaths of two of their generals at Gettysburg: Brigadier Generals Stephen H. Weed and Strong Vincent (who was quickly promoted not long before his death for his heroic efforts on Little Round Top). Stephen Hinsdale Weed ( November 17, 1831 &ndash July 2, 1863) was a career military officer in the United States Army. Strong Vincent (June 17 1837 &ndash July 7 1863 was a lawyer who became famous as a U The Corps saw little action in the autumn campaigns of 1863. At the Battle of Bristoe Station (October 14, 1863) V Corps was fired on by troops of A. P. Hill. The Battle of Bristoe Station was fought on October 14, 1863, between Union and Confederate forces in the Bristoe Campaign of the Ambrose Powell Hill (November 9 1825 &ndash April 2 1865 was a Confederate general in the American Civil War. This distracted Hill from the arrival of II Corps. There were five corps in the Union Army designated as II Corps ( Second Army Corps) during the American Civil War. This allowed Gouverneur K. Warren, commanding II Corps, to seize a favorable position and inflict a defeat on Hill's corps. Gouverneur Kemble Warren ( January 8, 1830 &ndash August 8, 1882) was a Civil engineer and prominent general in the

1864

In March, 1864, with Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant now in command of all Union armies, the V Corps was restructured, along with the entire army. Ulysses S Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant (April 27 1822 &ndash July 23 1885 was an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States The 1st and 2nd Divisions were consolidated into one 1st Division, under General Griffin. Crawford's 3rd Division of Pennsylvanians remained unchanged, although it was due to be mustered out of the service in a few weeks. The I Corps was fused into the V as the 2nd and 4th Divisions, under Generals John C. Robinson and James S. Wadsworth respectively. John Cleveland Robinson (April 10 1817 &ndash February 18 1897 had a long and distinguished career in the United States Army, fighting in numerous wars and culminating his James Samuel Wadsworth (October 30 1807 &ndash May 8 1864 was a philanthropist politician and a Union general in the American Civil War. The new commander of the V Corps was Major General Gouverneur K. Warren. Gouverneur Kemble Warren ( January 8, 1830 &ndash August 8, 1882) was a Civil engineer and prominent general in the

By the time of the Battle of the Wilderness, the corps included over 25,000 men; following the end of the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House in May, 1864, over 10,000 had become casualties. Background The battlefield was the Wilderness of Spotsylvania an expanse of nearly impenetrable scrub growth and rough terrain that encompassed more than 70 square miles (181 The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, sometimes simply referred to as the Battle of Spotsylvania, was the second battle in Lt General Wadsworth was killed at the Wilderness, and Robinson was severely wounded (losing a leg) at Spotsylvania. His division was broken down and dispersed temporarilly among the others of the V Corps. Wadsworth's Division went under General Lysander Cutler, commander of the Iron Brigade. Lysander Cutler ( February 16 1807 &ndash July 30 1866) was an American businessman educator politician and a Union Army The Iron Brigade, also known as the Iron Brigade of the West or the Black Hat Brigade, was an Infantry Brigade in the Union

The V Corps saw hard fighting at Cold Harbor and the Siege of Petersburg in June. The Battle of Cold Harbor, the final battle of Union Lt Gen Ulysses S The Richmond-Petersburg Campaign was a series of battles around Petersburg Virginia, fought from June 9, 1864, to March 25, 1865 Many of its men were captured in the Second Battle of Weldon Railroad on August 19, 1864. The Battle of Globe Tavern, also known as the Second Battle of the Weldon Railroad, fought from August 18 to August 21, 1864, saw the Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. Cutler's division was broken up after these battles. At that point the three remaining divisions were commanded by generals Griffin, Ayres, and Crawford; they would remain until the end of the war. Griffin's division eventually contained most of the remaining regiments of the old V Corps, plus newly organized units. Ayres had new regiments and a few veteran units, including a brigade of Maryland troops. The remainder of the old I Corps served under Crawford. These divisions participated in the Battle of Peebles' Farm (September 30, 1864). The Battle of Peebles' Farm (or Poplar Springs Church) was the western part of a simultaneous Union offensive against the Confederate works guarding

1865

By March 31, 1865, the V Corps was down to 17,000 men and would lose 2,000 more by the time Lee surrendered at Appomattox Court House. Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Appomattox Court House is a village located three miles (5 km east of Appomattox, Virginia, USA (25 miles east of Lynchburg Virginia, in the After the Battle of Five Forks, with the war's end literally days away, General Warren was relieved of command by Major General Philip Sheridan, displeased by his supposed lack of aggressive pursuit of the enemy. The Battle of Five Forks was fought on April 1, 1865, southwest of Petersburg Virginia, in Dinwiddie County, during the Appomattox Philip Henry Sheridan (March 6 1831 &ndash August 5 1888 was a career United States Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War (Warren spent the remainder of his life seeking rehabilitation of his reputation. ) Warren was replaced by Griffin, who led the corps in the pursuit of Lee's army. It arrived at Appomatox Courthouse in time to support Sheridan's cavalry against any attempted breakout by the Confederate forces. The corps was officially disbanded on June 28, 1865. Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul.

Command history

Nathaniel P. Banks        March 13, 1862 – April 4, 1862
Fitz John PorterMay 18, 1862 – November 10, 1862
Joseph HookerNovember 10, 1862 – November 16, 1862
Daniel ButterfieldNovember 16, 1862 – December 25, 1862
George G. MeadeDecember 25, 1862 – January 26, 1863
Charles GriffinJanuary 26, 1863 – February 1, 1863
George SykesFebruary 1, 1863 – February 5, 1863
George G. MeadeFebruary 5, 1863 – February 16, 1863
Andrew A. HumphreysFebruary 23, 1863 – February 28, 1863
George G. MeadeFebruary 28, 1863 – June 28, 1863
George SykesJune 28, 1863 – October 7, 1863
Samuel W. CrawfordOctober 7, 1863 – October 15, 1863
George SykesOctober 15, 1863 – March 23, 1864
Gouverneur K. WarrenMarch 23, 1864 – January 2, 1865
Samuel W. CrawfordJanuary 2, 1865 – January 27, 1865
Gouverneur K. WarrenJanuary 27, 1865 – April 1, 1865
Charles GriffinApril 1, 1865 – June 28, 1865

References

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