Citizendia

Department of Justice
Department of Justice
Agency overview
FormedJune 22, 1870
July 1, 1870
JurisdictionFederal government of the United States
HeadquartersRobert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building
Washington, D.C.
Employees112,500+ (2005)
Annual Budget$43. Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The federal government of the United States is the central United States Governmental body established by the United States Constitution. The Robert F Kennedy Department of Justice Building is the Washington D Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 5 billion (2007)
Agency ExecutivesMichael Mukasey, Attorney General
 
Craig S. Morford (Acting), Deputy Attorney General
Website
www.usdoj.gov
Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building, Washington, D.C.
Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building, Washington, D.C.
For animal rights group, see Justice Department (JD)

The United States Department of Justice (DOJ) is a Cabinet department in the United States government designed to enforce the law and defend the interests of the United States according to the law and to ensure fair and impartial administration of justice for all Americans (see 28 U.S.C. § 501). Michael Bernard Mukasey (mjuːˈkeɪzi(born July 28, 1941)is an American lawyer currently the 81st Attorney General of the United States, and The United States Attorney General is the head of the United States Department of Justice (see) concerned with legal affairs and is the chief law enforcement Craig S Morford (born 1959- is an American attorney and former United States Deputy Attorney General. United States Deputy Attorney General is the second-highest-ranking official in the United States Department of Justice. The Robert F Kennedy Department of Justice Building is the Washington D Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D The Justice Department was founded in the United Kingdom in 1993 by Animal rights activists who declared they were willing to use violence against their opponents The United States Cabinet (usually simplified as "the Cabinet" is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the Executive branch of the Federal government The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The federal government of the United States is the central United States Governmental body established by the United States Constitution. Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society Title 28 ( Judiciary and Judicial Procedure) is the portion of the United States Code (federal statutory law that governs the federal judicial system The DOJ is administered by the United States Attorney General (see 28 U.S.C. § 503), one of the original members of the cabinet. The United States Attorney General is the head of the United States Department of Justice (see) concerned with legal affairs and is the chief law enforcement Title 28 ( Judiciary and Judicial Procedure) is the portion of the United States Code (federal statutory law that governs the federal judicial system

Contents

Duties

  1. Responsible for investigating and prosecuting violations of federal laws.
  2. Represents the United States in all legal matters, including cases before the Supreme Court.
  3. Enforces all immigration laws, provides information, and processes applications for citizenship
  4. Maintains the federal prison system, halfway houses, and community programs.

History

The Attorney General was initially a one-person, part-time job, established by the Judiciary Act of 1789, but this grew with the bureaucracy. The United States Judiciary Act of 1789 (1 Stat 73 was a landmark Statute adopted on September 24, 1789 in the first session of Bureaucracy is the structure and set of regulations in place to control activity usually in large organizations and government At one time the Attorney General gave legal advice to the U.S. Congress as well as the President, but this had stopped by 1819 on account of the workload involved. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Year 1819 ( MDCCCXIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar in the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year

In 1867, the U.S. House Committee on the Judiciary, led by Congressman William Lawrence, conducted an inquiry into the creation of a "law department" headed by the Attorney General and composed of the various department solicitors and United States Attorneys. United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary US House Committee on the Judiciary, or (more commonly the House Judiciary Committee, is a Standing committee of William Lawrence ( June 26, 1819 - May 8, 1899) was a Republican politician from Ohio. United States Attorneys (also known as federal prosecutors) represent the United States federal government in United States district court and On February 19, 1868, Lawrence introduced a bill in Congress to create the Department of Justice. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap This first bill was unsuccessful, however, as Lawrence could not devote enough time to ensure its passage owing to his occupation with the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson. Impeachment is the first of two stages in a specific process for a legislative body to forcibly remove a Government official Andrew Johnson (December 29 1808 – July 31 1875 was the seventeenth President of the United States (1865-69 succeeding to the Presidency upon the assassination

A second bill was introduced to Congress by Rhode Island Representative Thomas Jenckes on February 25, 1870, and both the Senate and House passed the bill. Rhode Island ( officially named the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, is a state in the New England region of the United States Thomas Allen Jenckes ( November 2, 1818 - November 4, 1875) was a United States Congressional representative for the State of Rhode Island Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. President Ulysses S. Grant then signed the bill into law on June 22, 1870. Ulysses S Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant (April 27 1822 &ndash July 23 1885 was an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Department of Justice officially began operations on July 1, 1870. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

The bill, called the "Act to Establish the Department of Justice", did little to change the Attorney General's responsibilities, and his salary and tenure remained the same. The law did create a new office, that of Solicitor General, to supervise and conduct government litigation in the Supreme Court of the United States. The United States Solicitor General is the individual appointed to argue for the Government of the United States in front of the Supreme Court of the United States The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary.

With the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act in 1870, the Federal government in the U. The Interstate Commerce Commission (or ICC) was a Regulatory body in the United States created by the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 which was signed The federal government of the United States is the central United States Governmental body established by the United States Constitution. S. began to take on some law enforcement responsibilities, with the Department of Justice tasked to carry out these duties. [1]

In 1872, control of federal prisons was transferred to the new department, from the Department of Interior. The United States Department of the Interior ( DOI) is a Cabinet department of the United States government that manages and conserves most federally New facilities were built, including the penitentiary at Leavenworth in 1895, and a facility for women located in West Virginia, at Alderson was established in 1924. The United States Penitentiary (USP Leavenworth is located in Leavenworth, Kansas on 1583 acres (6 West Virginia ( is a state in the Appalachian Upland South, and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, bordered by Alderson Federal Prison Camp, also known as Federal Prison Camp Alderson or FPC Alderson, is a federal Prison in the United States [2]

Headquarters

The building was completed in 1935 from a design by Milton Bennett Medary. Milton Bennett Medary Jr (1874 - 1929 was an American architect from Philadelphia, practicing in the firm Zantzinger Borie and Medary from 1910 until his death Upon Medary's death in 1929, the other partners of his Philadelphia firm Zantzinger, Borie and Medary took over the project. Zantzinger Borie and Medary was an American architectural firm active from 1910 through 1929 specializing in institutional and civic projects On a lot bordered by Constitution and Pennsylvania Avenues and Ninth and Tenth Streets, Northwest, it holds over one million square feet of space. The sculptor C. Paul Jennewein served as overall design consultant for the entire building, contributing more than 50 separate sculptural elements inside and outside. Carl Paul Jennewein ( December 2, 1890 &ndash February 23, 1978) was a German -born American sculptor.

Various efforts, none entirely successful, have been made to determine the meaning of the Latin motto appearing on the Department of Justice seal, Qui Pro Domina Justitia Sequitur. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It is not even known exactly when the original version of the DOJ seal itself was adopted, or when the motto first appeared on the seal. The most authoritative opinion of the DOJ suggests that the motto refers to the Attorney General (and thus to the Department of Justice) "who prosecutes on behalf of justice (or the Lady Justice)".

The building was renamed in honor of former Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy in 2001. Robert Francis "Bobby" Kennedy (November 20 1925 – June 6 1968 also called RFK, was the United States Attorney General from 1961 to 1964 and a Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. It is sometimes referred to as "Main Justice. "[3]

Organization

Leadership offices

Divisions

Law Enforcement Agencies

Offices

Other offices and programs

In March 2003, the United States Immigration and Naturalization Service was abolished and its functions transferred to the United States Department of Homeland Security. The United States Parole Commission is the Parole board responsible to grant or deny parole and to supervise those released on parole to incarcerated individuals who come under The United States Immigration and Naturalization Service ( INS) was a part of the United States Department of Justice and handled legal and illegal Immigration The Executive Office for Immigration Review and the Board of Immigration Appeals which review decisions made by government officials under Immigration and Nationality law remain under jurisdiction of the Department of Justice. The Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR is an office of the United States Department of Justice and is responsible for adjudicating Immigration cases in The Board of Immigration Appeals ("BIA" is the part of the Executive Office for Immigration Review that reviews the decisions of the Immigration Courts and some decisions Similarly the Office of Domestic Preparedness left the Justice Department for the Department of Homeland Security, but only for executive purposes. The Office of Domestic Preparedness is still centralized within the Department of Justice, since its personnel are still officially employed within the Department of Justice.

Also in 2003, the Department of Justice created the website LifeAndLiberty.gov which supported the PATRIOT ACT. [4] LifeAndLiberty. gov currently promotes reenacting the PROTECT AMERICA ACT before it expires. This web site has received criticism from government watchdog groups. [5]

Corruption, Dissent, and Criticism

Current and former U. S. attorneys are known to have engaged in a wide variety of criminal conduct including association with prostitution rings[6], sexual battery[7] , sexual abuse of children[8], failures to make mandatory conflict of interest disclosures[9]. A conflict of interest is a situation in which someone in a position of trust such as a Lawyer, Insurance adjuster, a Politician, executive or director A separate Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR) within the DOJ is responsible for investigating attorney employees of the DOJ who have been accused of misconduct or criminal activity with respect to their professional functions as DOJ attorneys. The Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR is part of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ An additional danger is that U. S. Attorneys may be affected by the temptations of corruption with respect to their abuse of prosecutorial discretion to favor past or prospective law firm partners. Huge financial windfalls often await DOJ attorneys upon their move into a private practice partnership, referred to as the revolving door of government regulation. A Revolving door typically consists of three or four doors that hang on a center shaft and rotate around a vertical axis within a round enclosure This inherent conflict of interest exists with all U. A conflict of interest is a situation in which someone in a position of trust such as a Lawyer, Insurance adjuster, a Politician, executive or director S. Attorneys as their Federal Jobs are not lifetime appointments and often involved shifts into private practice partnerships among the same law firms which they were charged with regulating as public law enforcement prosecutors. While connections between the intent of organized crime in their employment of DOJ alumni can be difficult to prove and rarely prosecution, the issue of a significant undetected and unprosecuted component of U. "Crime syndicate" redirects here For the DC Comics group of villains see Crime Syndicate. S. government officials was directly candidly admitted by the DOJ through public statements of their own senior law enforcement official, the former U. S. Attorney General John D. Ashcroft:

"In the real world of limited resources, we know that we can only detect, investigate and prosecute a small percentage of those officials who are corrupt. John David Ashcroft (born May 9 1942) is an American Politician who was the 79th United States Attorney General. "[10]

"I remain convinced that there is no more important area in the fight against corruption than the challenge for us within the law enforcement and justice sectors to keep our own houses clean. " [11]

See also

References

  1. ^ Langeluttig, Albert (1927). Many of the divisions and offices of the United States Department of Justice are headed by an Assistant Attorney General. The Department of Justice of the United States. Johns Hopkins Press, pp. 9-14.  
  2. ^ Langeluttig, Albert (1927). The Department of Justice of the United States. Johns Hopkins Press, pp. 14-15.  
  3. ^ Partisan Civil Rights: Bush's Long History of Politicizing Justice - International - SPIEGEL ONLINE - News
  4. ^ Law and Politics Worldwide, August 20 2003
  5. ^ .gov Watch, October 18, 2007
  6. ^ No Puritans in this Mayflower. Retrieved on April 18, 2008.
  7. ^ CNN finds a real expert on sex scandals: Kendall Coffey. Retrieved on April 18, 2008.
  8. ^ Federal Prosecutor Arrested In Child Sex Sting. Retrieved on April 18, 2008.
  9. ^ http://laserhaas.wordpress.com/2008/03/05/doj-efforts-to-cover-up-mnat-perjury-and-fraud-now-receives-national-attention/. Retrieved on April 18, 2008.
  10. ^ The Second Global Forum on Fighting Corruption -- U.S. Attorney General John D. Ashcroft remarks at the U.S. Department of State website. Retrieved on April 18, 2008.
  11. ^ U.S. Attorney General John D. Ashcroft addressing The Hague. Retrieved on April 18, 2008.

External links

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