In England, township (latin - vill) usually means a village or hamlet. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland A township may (or may not) be co-terminous with a chapelry, manor, or other minor area of local administration. A Chapelry was a subdivision of an Ecclesiastical parish in England, and certain areas of Lowland Scotland up to the mid 19th Century This article is about the medieval system "Manors" redirects here
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In many areas of England, the basic unit of civil administration was the parish, generally identical with the ecclesiastical parish. A parish is a Local church; it is an administrative unit typically found in episcopal or presbyterian churches A parish is a Local church; it is an administrative unit typically found in episcopal or presbyterian churches However in some cases, particularly in northern England, there was a lesser unit called a township, being a subdivision of a parish. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This could happen for several reasons:
- In some parts of northern England, the parishes were too large to be managed conveniently. For example, Sheffield constituted a single parish, which had six townships in it - Ecclesall Bierlow, Brightside Bierlow, Attercliffe cum Darnall, Nether Hallam, Upper Hallam, and Sheffield itself. Sheffield ( is a city and Metropolitan borough in South Yorkshire, England Walley parish, in Lancashire, contained 47 townships and extended over 430 square kilometres (105,000 acres). [1]
- There or elsewhere, occasionally, different parts of a parish were in different hundreds or counties. A county is a Land area of Regional Government within a larger State.
The local historian, Dorothy Silvester, has identified a "parish line", which divided northern from southern counties of England and Wales (from Denbighshire, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Derbyshire, and Yorkshire, north. The old Denbighshire (Sir Ddinbych is one of thirteen Historic counties of Wales, and a former administrative county, which covered an area in north-east Wales Shropshire (ˈʃrɒpʃɪə/ /-ʃə alternatively known as Salop or abbreviated in print only Shrops, is a county in the Staffordshire (abbreviated Staffs) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. History The area that is now Derbyshire was first visited probably briefly by humans 200000 years ago during the Aveley Interglacial as evidenced by a Middle Yorkshire is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in Great Britain. ) North of this line, parishes tended on the whole to be large, containing several townships. However, south of this line, parishes tended to contain single townships. [1] [2]
A township appointed overseers of the poor and surveyors of highways in the same way as a parish and they financed their obligations by levying a rate, in the same way as parish officials. This article deals chiefly with the English Poor Laws covering England and Wales * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Before adding any more images to this * * page please do carefully consider * * whether they would be mere decoration * * or actually improve
The original definition of a Civil Parish was any place in respect of which a rate could lawfully be levied. A civil parish in the United Kingdom is a unit of local government. This meant that townships became civil parishes.
Township is to be distinguished from:
- Vill - traditionally, amongst legal historians, a vill referred to the tract of land of a rural community, whereas 'township' was referred to when the tax and legal administration of a rural community was meant. Vill is a term used in English history to describe a land unit which might otherwise be described as a Parish, manor or tithing [3]
- Parish - originally the area served by a particular church. A parish is a Local church; it is an administrative unit typically found in episcopal or presbyterian churches
- Chapelry - the 'parish' of a chapel, that is a church without full parochial functions. A Chapelry was a subdivision of an Ecclesiastical parish in England, and certain areas of Lowland Scotland up to the mid 19th Century
- Tithing - the basic unit of the medieval Frankpledge system. A tithe (from Old English teogoþa "tenth" is a one-tenth part of something paid as a (usually voluntary contribution or as a Tax or levy Frankpledge was an English institution in which units (often referred to as a tithing) of ten households were bound together and held responsible for one another's [3]
- 'Township' is however sometimes used loosely where one of these is meant.
Modern use
The use of the term township persisted, and townships have recently been revived as a name for subdivisions of boroughs in northern England. For example, the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale has township committees,[4] and the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan divides the borough into ten townships, which each have a township forum. The Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale is a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester in North West England. Many large Local government councils in the United Kingdom have a system of area committees, with responsibility for services in a particular part of the The Metropolitan Borough of Wigan is a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in North West England. [5] Wirral is divided into forty-four, for planning purposes. Wirral or The Wirral (ˈwɪrəl is a Metropolitan borough in Merseyside, North West England, which occupies the northern [6]
In Sheffield, Mosborough ward—which includes the districts of Halfway, Mosborough village, Waterthorpe, and Westfield—is one of the 28 electoral wards in City of Sheffield,located in the eastern part of the city and is one of the wards that make up the Sheffield Attercliffe parliamentary constituency. The area is often referred to as Mosborough Townships, although this usage does not have any administrative purpose.
Notes
- ^ a b Sylvester, Dorothy (1969). The Rural Landscape of the Welsh Borderland. Macmillan Publications.
- ^ Winchester, Angus (2000). Discovering Parish Boundaries. Shire Publications, pp. 8-10. ISBN 0-7478-0470-2.
- ^ a b Winchester, Angus (2000). Discovering Parish Boundaries. Shire Publications, pp. 21-29. ISBN 0-7478-0470-2.
- ^ Rochdale Townships
- ^ Wigan Townships
- ^ Wirral
References
- P. Riden, Record Sources for Local History (Batsford, London 1987), 92-99.
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