Toronto streetcar system
Locale	Toronto, Ontario
Transit type	Streetcar
Began operation	1861 (electric lines since 1891)
System length	305. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec A tram, tramcar, trolley, trolley car, or streetcar is a railborne vehicle, of lighter weight and construction than a Train Year 1861 ( MDCCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common 8 km (190 miles)
No. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand of lines	11
No. of stations	1, plus 8 shared with the subway (all others are on-street stops)
Daily ridership	328,700
Track gauge	1,495 mm
Operator(s)	Toronto Transit Commission

A typical streetcar stop indicator sign. Rail gauge is the distance between the inner sides of the two parallel rails that make up a railway track. The Toronto Transit Commission ( TTC) is a Public transport authority that operates Buses streetcars, subways and Rapid transit

The Toronto streetcar system comprises eleven streetcar (tram) routes in Toronto, Ontario, Canada operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC), the municipal public transit operator. A tram, tramcar, trolley, trolley car, or streetcar is a railborne vehicle, of lighter weight and construction than a Train Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The Toronto Transit Commission ( TTC) is a Public transport authority that operates Buses streetcars, subways and Rapid transit Totalling 305. 8 kilometres in length, the network is generally concentrated downtown and in proximity to the city's waterfront. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A central business district ( CBD) is the commercial and often geographic heart of a city The Toronto waterfront is the lakeshore of Lake Ontario in the City of Toronto, Ontario in Canada. Some of the TTC's streetcar routes date back to the 19th century. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Unlike newer light rail transit (LRT) systems, therefore, most of Toronto's streetcar routes operate in the classic style on street trackage shared with car traffic, and streetcars stop on demand at frequent stops like buses rather than having fixed stations. However, some routes operate (totally or partially) within their own rights-of-way. A right-of-way is a strip of land that is granted – through an Easement or other mechanism – for Transportation purposes such as for a Rail line or

Before the TTC came into operation in 1921, there were seven distinct transit systems in the city. There were no transfers allowed between them, and so the free transfer has always been a sensitive issue for the TTC. The goal of ease in changing routes has affected the design of the system.

There are underground connections between streetcars and the subway at Union, Spadina, and St. Clair West stations, and streetcars pass by the entrances of St. Andrew, King, Osgoode, Queen, St. Patrick, Dundas, Queen's Park, and College - other downtown stations. The Toronto subway and RT is the main Rapid transit (RT railway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada operated by the Toronto Union Station is a station on the Yonge-University-Spadina line of the Toronto, Ontario, Canada subway. Spadina is a station on the Yonge-University-Spadina and Bloor-Danforth lines of the subway system in Toronto, Ontario St Clair West is a station on the Yonge-University Spadina line of the subway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. St Andrew is a station on the Yonge-University Spadina line of the Toronto, Ontario, Canada subway. King is a station on the Yonge-University Spadina line of the Toronto, Ontario, Canada subway. Osgoode is a station on the University line of the subway/RT system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Queen is a station on the Yonge-University-Spadina line of the Toronto, Ontario, Canada St Patrick is a station on the Yonge-University Spadina line of the subway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dundas is a station of the Yonge-University-Spadina line of the subway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Queen's Park is a station on the Yonge-University-Spadina line of the subway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. College is a subway station on the Yonge-University-Spadina line of the Toronto, Ontario, Canada subway that opened in Streetcars also enter St. Clair, Bathurst, Broadview, Dundas West, and Main Street stations at street level. St Clair is a station on the Yonge-University-Spadina line of the subway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Bathurst is a station on the Bloor-Danforth line of the subway system in Toronto, Canada. Broadview is a station on the Bloor-Danforth line of the subway system in Toronto, Canada. Dundas West is a station on the Bloor-Danforth subway line in Toronto, Canada. Main Street is a station on the Bloor-Danforth line of the subway system in Toronto, Canada.

Despite the use of techniques long-removed in the streetcar networks of other North American cities, Toronto’s streetcars are not heritage streetcars run for tourism or nostalgic purposes; they provide most of the downtown core’s surface transit service, and four of the TTC's five most heavily-travelled surface routes are streetcar routes. Heritage streetcars are development of Heritage railways that are becoming popular in the United States and other parts of the world

History

Streetcars at Bay and Queen in 1923

From 1921 as the Toronto Transportation Commission, the TTC began as solely a streetcar operator, with the bulk of the routes acquired from the private Toronto Railway Company and merged with the publicly-operated Toronto Civic Railways. Toronto Civic Railways (TCR was an agency created and owned by the City of Toronto, Canada, to run streetcars in newly annexed areas of the city that the In 1925, routes were operated on behalf of the Township of York (as Township of York Railway), but they were essentially TTC routes. York is a community in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Formerly a separate city it was one of six municipalities

After World War II, the TTC began plans to eliminate all streetcar routes, in part because subway development was thought to eliminate the need for them. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including At the time of major curtailments in 1966 coinciding with the opening of the Bloor-Danforth subway, the TTC foresaw the end of streetcars by 1980. The Bloor-Danforth Line is the main east-west subway line in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission. This policy was dropped in 1972 in the face of widespread community opposition by citizens' groups who succeeded in persuading the TTC of the advantages of streetcars over buses on heavily-travelled main routes.

The TTC then maintained most of their existing network, purchased new custom-designed CLRV streetcars, and then returned to building new streetcar routes in the 1990s, building first a short line along the edge of Lake Ontario (originally numbered 604, it is now operated as the 509 Harbourfront route) and then replacing the route 77 bus along Spadina Avenue with the 510 Spadina streetcar, running in reserved lanes at the centre of the street. CLRV specifications Car manufacturer: SIG (L1 and UTDC (L2 Years of manufacturer: 1977-1980 Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. 510 Spadina and 509 Harbourfront are streetcar routes in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission Spadina Avenue is one of the most prominent streets in Toronto Ontario, Canada. 510 Spadina and 509 Harbourfront are streetcar routes in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission They now plan to similarly rebuild much of the 512 St. Clair line with a similarly separated right-of-way to increase service reliability. The 512 St Clair streetcar is an east-west streetcar route in Toronto, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission.

The previous policy of eliminating streetcars and using buses for extensions built as the city developed northward account for the concentration of streetcar lines within five kilometres of the waterfront. The busiest north-south and east-west routes were replaced respectively by the Yonge-University-Spadina and Bloor-Danforth subway lines, and the northernmost streetcar lines, including the North Yonge and Oakwood routes, were replaced by trolley buses (and later by diesel buses). The Yonge-University-Spadina Line is the oldest and busiest subway line in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The Bloor-Danforth Line is the main east-west subway line in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission.

This Peter Witt streetcar, preserved at the Halton County Radial Railway, has been restored into the TTC’s original 1921 livery. The Halton County Radial Railway is a working Museum of electric streetcars other Railway vehicles and Buses It is operated by the Ontario Electric

Two other lines that operated north of St. Clair Avenue were abandoned for other reasons: the Rogers Road route was abandoned to free up streetcars for expanded service on other routes, and the Mount Pleasant route was removed due to complaints from drivers that streetcars slowed their cars down, and due to the fact that the track was ageing and needed to be replaced. St Clair Avenue is a major east-west street in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The Scarborough RT line was originally proposed to operate with streetcars on a private right-of-way, but the plans were changed when the Ontario government convinced the TTC and the borough of Scarborough to use its then-new Intermediate Capacity Transit System (ICTS) metro trains instead. The Scarborough RT (sometimes shortened to SRT or RT) is a Rapid transit line in the Scarborough district of Toronto, Ontario Scarborough (ˈskɑrˌbəroʊ ( 2001 Census 593297 is the area that forms the eastern part of the City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada Advanced Rapid Transit or ART is the current name given to a Rapid transit system manufactured by Bombardier Transportation; it was originally named A rapid transit, underground, subway, elevated railway or metro(politan system is an electric passenger railway Another proposed streetcar rapid transit line from Kipling station was abandoned, but the ghost platform at the bus level is a hint of a streetcar line. Kipling is the western terminus station on the Bloor-Danforth line of the subway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

On March 16, 2007, David Miller (the Mayor of Toronto) and the TTC announced Transit City, a major proposal for a 120-kilometre, $6. Events 597 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. David Raymond Miller (born December 26, 1958) is a Canadian politician This is a list of Mayors of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. From 1834-1857 and again from 1867-1873 Toronto mayors were not elected directly by Transit City is a plan for public transportation for the City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, announced by Mayor of Toronto David Miller 1-billion network of new LRT lines that would provide rail transit to underserved suburban areas of the city.

Vehicles

Note: Hundreds of cars were acquired from the TTCs predecessor companies, the Toronto Railway Company, and Toronto Civic Railways, among others. Toronto Civic Railways (TCR was an agency created and owned by the City of Toronto, Canada, to run streetcars in newly annexed areas of the city that the The current fleet operates with 248 vehicles.

PCC streetcars

The TTC were among the first to buy the then state-of-the-art PCC streetcar when it was designed by a committee of public transport operators in the 1930s. The PCC ( Presidents' Conference Committee) streetcar ( Tram) design was first built in the United States in the 1930s These cars were bought to replace the Peter Witt cars and also older vehicles inherited from the Toronto Railway Company. Peter Witt was a Cleveland Railway commissioner who designed a model of streetcar, which is known by his name and was used in many North American cities most notably The TTC's first purchase was in the late 1930s, and by the end of the 1970s they had operated a larger fleet of PCCs than any other agency in the world. The early cars were retired and sent to Mexico and Egypt, and some newer cars were acquired from U. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. S. operators abandoning streetcar service, including Kansas City, Birmingham, and Cleveland. Kansas City Missouri only Items for the metro area Kansas City Kansas or North Kansas City MO should go on their respective pages Birmingham (ˈbɝmɪŋhæm is the largest City in the US state of Alabama and is the County seat of Jefferson County. Cleveland is a City in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state By the 1970s, the TTC sought to abandon the service as well, but supporters persuaded them to reconsider, and so a new streetcar model was needed to replace some of the ageing PCCs.

Two of the TTC’s PCC streetcars, which operated in regular service until the mid-1990s, are retained for special events such as parades, private charters^[1] and special revenue runs, such as holidays in the summer ^[2].

Most PCCs were scrapped with a few becoming restaurants, housing and other uses. A few cars were purchased by railway museums:

The CLRVs and ALRVs

Toronto streetcars stored in Russell Depot. The Birmingham Railway and Electric Company was both a street car and electricity provider in Birmingham Alabama. The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car" manufactured Buses Railroad Tiny is a township, part of Simcoe County in south-central Ontario, Canada. The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car" manufactured Buses Railroad Springville is a Village in Erie County, New York, United States. The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car" manufactured Buses Railroad North York forms the central part of the northern half of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses The Kansas City Public Service Company was a public transit operator in Kansas City Missouri in the 1940s Streetcar operations in Kansas City began as horsecar For the defunct provincial electoral district known as "Brant County" see Brant (provincial electoral district. The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority (abbreviated SORTA) is the Public transport agency serving Cincinnati Ohio and its suburbs Pickering is a City located immediately east of Toronto in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada Bombardier Transportation is the rail equipment division of the Bombardier group Thunder Bay ( 2006 census population 109140 formerly the twin cities of Fort William and Port Arthur, is a City in and the seat of Thunder The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car" manufactured Buses Railroad The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car" manufactured Buses Railroad The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses The Kansas City Public Service Company was a public transit operator in Kansas City Missouri in the 1940s Streetcar operations in Kansas City began as horsecar Lake Tahoe is a large freshwater Lake in the Sierra Nevada mountains of the United States. The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car" manufactured Buses Railroad Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Tucson (ˈtuːsɒn is the seat of Pima County Arizona, United States, located 118 miles (188 km) southeast The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses The City of Colorado Springs is a Home Rule Municipality that is the County seat and most populous city of El Paso County, Colorado, The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car" manufactured Buses Railroad Ida Grove is a city in Ida County, Iowa, United States. The population was 2350 at the 2000 census The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car" manufactured Buses Railroad The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car" manufactured Buses Railroad East Troy is a village in Walworth County, Wisconsin, United States. The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car" manufactured Buses Railroad Mount Clemens is a city in the US state of Michigan. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 17312 The St Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars streetcars Trolleybuses Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car" manufactured Buses Railroad Chippewa Lake (formerly Chippewa-on-the-Lake) is a village in Medina County, Ohio, United States. 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When the TTC reversed their decision to eliminate streetcars in the 1970s, they were faced with the problem of how to replace their ageing fleet of PCC streetcars given that most cities in North America were switching entirely to buses, and so there were no new mass-market streetcar designs already being built that Toronto could purchase as it had before. The PCC ( Presidents' Conference Committee) streetcar ( Tram) design was first built in the United States in the 1930s While Edmonton and Calgary chose to adapt German stadtbahn (city rail) trains for the new systems they were installing around the same time, the TTC instead had a new streetcar designed in the traditional style, and so the two models of streetcars the TTC uses for revenue service today remain unique to the city. The Edmonton Transit System, also called ETS, is the Public transit service owned and operated by the city of Edmonton Alberta. C-Train is the Light rail transit (LRT system in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. See also Light rail Stadtbahn (literally in German: city railway) or Premetro, is a Tramway or Light railway which It was hoped that the new models could also be sold to the few other cities that continued streetcar service, such as Boston and Philadelphia, but this strategy proved unsuccessful as the German designs became widely used for the new paradigm of light rail in North America. Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə See also Light rail The term light rail was coined in 1972 by the U

The CLRV (Canadian Light Rail Vehicle, ordered 1977 - version L1 and L2) and the one-and-a-half-length ALRV (Articulated Light Rail Vehicle, ordered 1987 - version L3) were designed by the Urban Transportation Development Corporation (UTDC), an Ontario Crown corporation. CLRV specifications Car manufacturer: SIG (L1 and UTDC (L2 Years of manufacturer: 1977-1980 Variants High-floor light rail vehicle used by Santa Clara VTA Light-rail ALRV specifications The Urban Transportation Development Corporation was a Crown corporation created in 1973 as Ontario Transportation Development Corporation by the Government In the Commonwealth realms a Crown corporation is a State-controlled company or enterprise The first six cars were built by 'Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft (Swiss Industrial Company, or SIG) and the rest by Hawker Siddeley Canada Limited in Thunder Bay, with a propulsion system by Brush of England and bogies by MAN of Germany. Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft ( German for Swiss Industrial Society) or SIG, is the former name of SIG Holding AG a Swiss company that Hawker Siddeley Canada was the Canadian unit of the Hawker Siddeley Group of the United Kingdom and manufactured railcars streetcars and aircraft engines from the Thunder Bay ( 2006 census population 109140 formerly the twin cities of Fort William and Port Arthur, is a City in and the seat of Thunder A bogie (ˈboʊgi (BŌ-gē is a Wheeled wagon or trolley In mechanics terms a bogie is a Chassis or framework carrying wheels attached to a vehicle MAN AG is a German engineering Company based in Munich. MAN is one of Europe's leading manufacturers of engineering equipment

The CLRVs and ALRVs retain many features of traditional streetcar design: they collect their electric power by trolley pole rather than the pantograph more common on modern vehicles, and are unidirectional, with a driving position at only one end and doors on only one side, requiring track loops in order to turn around. For the weapon see Trolley pole (weapon. trolley pole is a tapered cylindrical pole of Wood or Metal, used to transfer Electricity A pantograph is a device that collects electric current from Overhead lines for electric Trains or Trams The term stems from the resemblance to pantograph Even the ALRVs, which have two body sections connected by an articulation, are not very long compared to some other modern trams, which may have as many as four articulations. This has much to do with the fact that the TTC network is largely a "traditional" streetcar network dating back to as early as the 19th century, and not a modern LRT system dismantled decades ago then rebuilt to modern standards more recently. Loops and trolley-pole infrastructure was already in place when the vehicles were built, and the requirement for compatibility with a large fleet of existing vehicles, meant that the CLRVs and ALRVs were built to fit a traditional system rather than a new LRT system. Furthermore, the TTC has never seen any conclusive reason to upgrade the infrastructure; new projects and rebuilds have needed compatibility with the existing system, ensuring these traditional elements will remain indefinitely.

According to the TTC^[3], one CLRV replaces 60 private cars in the morning rush period or 72 passengers, whereas one ALRV can carry the equivalent of 90 cars or 108 passengers.

Both models of streetcar have high floors, accessed by stairs at each door. TTC staff have explored a number of possible means to make them wheelchair-accessible, including constructing level boarding platforms, lowering the track level, installing wheelchair lifts, and attach wheelchair-accessible trailers, but have concluded that none of these options is practical. A wheelchair is a wheeled Mobility device in which the user sits

Unlike the TTC's earlier PCC and Peter Witt streetcars, the current models are never run in two-unit trains, or with trailers; the replacement of the two highest-volume routes with subway lines has decreased the number of passengers streetcars must cope with, and a single ALRV is long enough to provide sufficient capacity on today's busiest routes. The PCC ( Presidents' Conference Committee) streetcar ( Tram) design was first built in the United States in the 1930s Peter Witt was a Cleveland Railway commissioner who designed a model of streetcar, which is known by his name and was used in many North American cities most notably Notably, the CLRVs originally came with couplers, but these were removed due to safety concerns.

The future

The Combino (seen here in Bern, Switzerland) is one of the competitors to replace Toronto’s streetcars. The city of Berne or Bern (, Berne, Berna, Romansh: Berna, Bernese German: Bärn) is the Bundesstadt ( Federal Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation

As the original CLRVs will reach the end of their thirty-year service life in 2007, the TTC must soon either rebuild or replace them. Until recently, their official plan was to rebuild the CLRVs to extend their useful life by about ten to fifteen years and add new features such as air conditioning, and not purchase any new streetcars until the ALRVs reached the end of their lives. The term air conditioning refers to the cooling and dehumidification of indoor air for Thermal comfort. On July 26, 2006 the first streetcar with air conditioning (number 4041) entered revenue service. Events 657 - Battle of Siffin. 811 - Battle of Pliska; Byzantine Emperor Nicephorus Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. With new funding from senior governments, however, they now intend to refurbish only one hundred CLRVs to meet Toronto's immediate requirements, and buy new low-floor, higher-capacity trams to replace the current fleet and run planned routes along the waterfront and in the inner suburbs. The remaining 96 streetcars will be rebuilt only if the introduction of new models is delayed.

In June 2007 the TTC launched a public consultation on the design of its new streetcars, including an online survey available at www.mynewstreetcar.ca, and displays at Finch and Scarborough Centre stations, the Albion Centre, and Dundas Square. Finch is a station on the Yonge-University-Spadina line of the subway system of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. This page covers the Toronto Transit Commission 's Scarborough Centre station for the political riding see Scarborough Centre. Yonge-Dundas Square (commonly called Dundas Square) is a public square in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Mock-ups of the Bombardier Flexity Swift (as used in Minneapolis) and Siemens Combino Plus were on display at the 2007 Canadian National Exhibition in front of the Direct Energy Centre. The Flexity Swift Tram is a light-rail vehicle manufactured by Bombardier Transportation. The Hiawatha Line is a 12-mile (19-kilometer Light rail corridor in Hennepin County, Minnesota that extends from Downtown Minneapolis The Combino Supra (the latter word in the name is pronounced like the word op'ra but with the 'oo' in 'book' in place of the initial vowel and Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Canadian National Exhibition ( CNE) aka The Ex, is an annual event held at Exhibition Place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada Exhibition Place is a mixed-use property on the Toronto shore of Lake Ontario, a few kilometers west of the central business district

On 19 September 2007, the TTC published their specifications for the ‘LF LRV’, as they are calling the proposed new streetcars, which explains what they are seeking beyond that the vehicle be compatible with the TTC’s existing tracks, which require tight turning radii, good hill-climbing ability, and compatibility with single-leaf switches. Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The tender requests a streetcar of 27–30 m, with multiple points of articulation, and three powered bogies.

The Flexity Outlook (shown in Graz, Austria) is Bombardier’s proposed streetcar for Toronto. Graz (etymologically from Slovene: Gradec IPA /gradeʦ/ "little castle" with a population of around 290000 as of 2008 (of which 252852 have principal Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich

Though the document states that the TTC would accept a well-designed 70% low-floor streetcar, they have since decided to seek a 100% low-floor design; folding ramps may be fitted at the doors to allow stepless boarding where platforms are not available. The initial fleet replacing the CLRVs and ALRVs are to remain single-ended with doors on the right only, and current collection by trolley pole in to remain, but the TTC also request that provision be made for future conversion to pantograph, and that the option of buying a bi-directional version of the streetcar for new lines be available. For the weapon see Trolley pole (weapon. trolley pole is a tapered cylindrical pole of Wood or Metal, used to transfer Electricity A pantograph is a device that collects electric current from Overhead lines for electric Trains or Trams The term stems from the resemblance to pantograph Transit City is a plan for public transportation for the City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, announced by Mayor of Toronto David Miller Provision will be made for ticket-vending machines on board, rather than have the driver take fares as is current practice.

The TTC are tendering for an initial order of 204 streetcars, with the first prototypes to be delivered in 2010. ^[4] Current projections for population increases and new lines indicate that by 2026, the TTC will need to extend its fleet to between 350 and 480 streetcars, suggesting that the replacements for the CLRVs and ALRVs will be merely the first of a large fleet.

The competitors to supply the new streetcars are Siemens, Bombardier, Ansaldobreda, Mytram, Škoda, and Vossloh Kiepe. Bombardier Transportation is the rail equipment division of the Bombardier group Ansaldobreda SPA is a company based in Pistoia and Naples, Italy and responsible for designing and manufacturing railway and mass transit vehicles For the car manufacturer see Škoda Auto Škoda Works ( Czech: Škodovy závody; today Škoda Holding a Vossloh Schienenfahrzeugtechnik GmbH (VSFT or Vossloh AG is a large German transport technology manufacturer based in Werdohl. Kinki Sharyo originally expressed interest, but then dropped out. ( is an Osaka, Japan -based manufacturer of Railroad vehicles ^[5] Siemens have extensively promoted their entry, the Combino Plus, with newspaper advertisements and a web site. The Combino Supra (the latter word in the name is pronounced like the word op'ra but with the 'oo' in 'book' in place of the initial vowel and Bombardier initially displayed a mock-up of the Flexity Swift from the Minneapolis project, but are now offering a variant of the Flexity Outlook to meet the 100% low-floor requirement,^[6] promoting it with a web site called ‘The Streetcar Redefined’. The Flexity Swift Tram is a light-rail vehicle manufactured by Bombardier Transportation. The Flexity Outlook family are articulated light-rail Trams manufactured by Bombardier Transportation.

Regardless of who is selected, new streetcars will not appear in Toronto until at least 2009. In the wake of this, the TTC is facing a shortage of available streetcars. Because the CLRVs are reaching the end of their usable lifespan, they require more frequent repairs, and of the TTC's 248 streetcars, only 186 are available for service, leaving a deficit of almost 10 vehicles in the morning rush hour. The TTC has considered replacing streetcars on Bathurst Street and Kingston Road (Routes 502, 503, 511) with buses during the morning rush hour on a contingency basis so that they can increase service on busier routes until new vehicles arrive.

List of past Toronto streetcars

Traffic Cars

Work Cars

Track gauge

The tracks of Toronto's streetcars and subways (apart from the Scarborough RT) are built to the unique track gauge of 4 ft 10⅞ in (1,495 mm), 60 millimetres (2 3/8 in) wider than the usual standard gauge of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8½ in). The Scarborough RT (sometimes shortened to SRT or RT) is a Rapid transit line in the Scarborough district of Toronto, Ontario Rail gauge is the distance between the inner sides of the two parallel rails that make up a railway track. The standard gauge (also named the Stephenson gauge after George Stephenson, or Normal gauge) is a widely-used Rail gauge. There are arguments over the reason for this. One popular (some say false) belief, sometimes quoted by the TTC themselves, is that the City of Toronto feared that the street railway franchise operator, first in 1861 the Toronto Street Railways, then in 1891 the Toronto Railway Company, and in 1921 the TTC, would allow the operation of steam locomotives and freight trains through city streets, as was common practice in Hamilton, Ontario (until the 1950s) and in many U. After the Williams Omnibus Bus Line had become heavily loaded in 1861 the city of Toronto issued a transit franchise (Resolution 14 By-law 353 for a street railway S. cities, such as New York, New York (New York Central), and in Syracuse, NY (Erie Railroad). Standard gauge rails in the streets would have allowed this, but of course steam railway equipment could not follow the abrupt curves in the streetcar network. Opposition to freight operation in city streets precluded interchange even with adjacent radial lines even after the lines changed to TTC gauge. Electric railway freight cars could negotiate street curves, but still freight operations to downtown were not allowed until the final few years of radial operation by the TTC. Some suggest the more practical reason is that early tracks were used to pull wagons smoothly in the days before paved roads, and that they fit a different gauge. The Williams Omnibus Bus Line did change the gauge of their buses in 1861 so as to do this. Williams Omnibus Bus Lines was the first mass transportation system in the old City of Toronto, Canada with four six-passenger buses

The unique gauge has remained to this day, since converting all tracks and vehicles would be expensive and would lack any real benefit. Some proposals for the city's subway system involved using streetcars in the tunnels, and possibly having some routes run partially in tunnels and partially on city streets, so the same gauge was used, though the idea was ultimately dropped in favour of dedicated rapid-transit trains. The use of standard-gauge tracks on the Scarborough RT makes it impossible for there to be any track connection between it and the other lines, and so when RT vehicles need anything more than basic service (which is carried out in the RT's own McCowan Yard), they are carried by truck to the Greenwood subway yards. The Scarborough RT (sometimes shortened to SRT or RT) is a Rapid transit line in the Scarborough district of Toronto, Ontario

Routes

The current TTC streetcar network, in relation to the subway; all eleven regular routes appear red. A tram, tramcar, trolley, trolley car, or streetcar is a railborne vehicle, of lighter weight and construction than a Train The Toronto subway and RT is the main Rapid transit (RT railway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada operated by the Toronto

The TTC operates 305. 8 kilometres or 190 miles of streetcar tracks throughout Toronto. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario

Route numbers

The TTC has used route numbers in the 500 series for streetcar routes since 1980; prior to then, streetcar routes were not numbered, but the destination signs on the new CLRVs were not large enough to display both the route name and destination, according to the TTC. Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) The only exceptions today to this numbering scheme are the 301 Queen and 306 Carlton Blue Night Network routes, which correspond to the regular 501 and 506 routes; there were similarly a 312 St. The Blue Night Network is the overnight public transit service operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC in Toronto, Ontario, Canada Clair and a 304 King streetcar, but the St. Clair Blue Night service is now a bus route, while the King service was removed and partially replaced with extensions of other night bus routes.

The one other exception to the 500 series numbering was the Harbourfront LRT streetcar. When introduced in 1990, this route was numbered 604, which was intended to group it with the subway/RT routes (although these have no numbers in public use) instead of the other streetcars. The Toronto subway and RT is the main Rapid transit (RT railway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada operated by the Toronto In 1996 the TTC stopped trying to market the route as 'rapid transit' and changed the number to 510; the tracks were later extended in two directions to form the 510 Spadina and 509 Harbourfront routes. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) 510 Spadina and 509 Harbourfront are streetcar routes in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission ^[7]

During times when streetcar service on all or a portion of a route has been replaced temporarily by buses (e. g. , for track reconstruction), the replacement bus service is typically identified by the same route number as the corresponding streetcar line. Shorter-term replacement or supplementary shuttle bus service (e. g. , due to a track blockage or short-term street closure) is usually marked simply as 'SPECIAL' on the bus destination sign.

Private rights-of-way

The majority of streetcar routes operate in mixed traffic, generally reflecting the original track configurations dating from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. However, newer trackage has largely been established within private rights-of-way, in order to allow streetcars to operate with fewer disruptions due to delays caused by automobile traffic. A right-of-way is a strip of land that is granted – through an Easement or other mechanism – for Transportation purposes such as for a Rail line or Most of the system's private rights-of-way operate within the median of existing streets, separated from general traffic by raised curbs and controlled by specialized traffic signals at intersections. Queen and former Long Branch cars have operated on such a right-of-way along the Queensway between Humber and Sunnyside loops since 1957. The 501 Queen is an east-west streetcar route in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC Long Branch is a neighbourhood in the extreme southwestern section of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The Queensway / Queensway Avenue is a major street in the municipalities of Toronto and Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. More recently, private rights-of-way have been opened downtown along Queen's Quay, Spadina Avenue and St. Clair Avenue West. Queen's Quay is a prominent street that skirts along Toronto's downtown waterfront area. Spadina Avenue is one of the most prominent streets in Toronto Ontario, Canada. St Clair Avenue is a major east-west street in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Short sections of track also operate in tunnel (to connect with Spadina, Union, and St. Clair West subway stations). The most significant section of underground streetcar trackage is a tunnel underneath Bay Street connecting Queens Quay with Union Station; this section, which is approximately 0. 7 km long, includes one intermediate underground station at Bay Street and Queens Quay. Queen's Quay-Ferry Docks is the only dedicated underground streetcar station in Toronto, Ontario, Canada that is not part of an existing station

The TTC is reinstating a separated right-of-way — removed between 1928 and 1935 ^[1] — on St. Clair Avenue, from Yonge Street to just past Keele Street, to be completed by 2008. St Clair Avenue is a major east-west street in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Yonge Street (pronounced "young" is a major arterial street in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and its northern Suburbs It was formerly Keele Street is a north-south road in Toronto and York Region ( York Regional Road 6) in Ontario, Canada, running from Bloor A court decision obtained by local merchants in October 2005 had brought construction to a halt and put the project in doubt; the judicial panel then recused themselves, and the delay for a new decision adversely affected the construction schedule. PortalCurrent events News collections and sources See WikipediaNews collections and sources. A new judicial panel decided in February 2006 in favour of the city, and construction resumed in summer 2006. Stories without links will be removed. News stories must be in English One third of the St. Clair right-of-way was completed by the end of 2006 and streetcar began using it on February 18, 2007. The portion finished was from St. Clair Station (Yonge St.) to Vaughan Road. St Clair is a station on the Yonge-University-Spadina line of the subway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Vaughan Road is a road in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is a contour Collector road that is parallel to a buried creek to the north The second phase started construction in the summer of 2007 from Vaughan Road to Caledonia Road. The third and final phase from Caledonia to Gunns Loop (just west of Keele St. ) will be completed by the end of 2008.

Current streetcar routes

There are currently 11 streetcar routes in Toronto:

The 512 St. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario The 501 Queen is an east-west streetcar route in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC The 502 Downtowner is a Streetcar line operated by the Toronto Transit Commission in Toronto Ontario Canada. The 503 Kingston Road is a Streetcar route in Toronto Ontario. The 504 King and 508 Lake Shore are streetcar routes operated by the Toronto Transit Commission in Toronto, Ontario, Canada The 505 Dundas is a streetcar line run by the Toronto Transit Commission in Toronto, Ontario. The 506 Carlton is a streetcar line run by the Toronto Transit Commission in Toronto, Canada. The 504 King and 508 Lake Shore are streetcar routes operated by the Toronto Transit Commission in Toronto, Ontario, Canada 510 Spadina and 509 Harbourfront are streetcar routes in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission 510 Spadina and 509 Harbourfront are streetcar routes in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission The 511 Bathurst is a streetcar route operated by the Toronto Transit Commission in Toronto, Ontario. The 512 St Clair streetcar is an east-west streetcar route in Toronto, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission. Clair line is currently under reconstruction, building a reserved right-of-way similar to the 510 Spadina. The 508 Lake Shore is a rush-hour only service.

Future expansion

Various plans for future routes include:

• Continuing a route along Kingston Road into Scarborough, then returning along Eglinton Avenue and stopping at Kennedy subway station
• A route eastward along Queen's Quay, into new developments on the port lands
• More coverage and line connections in southern Etobicoke
• Extending 512 St. Clair to Jane subway station
• Extending the Dundas streetcar from Dundas West (TTC) north to Runnymede Loop at Dundas and Runnymede to connect to a westward extended 512 St. Clair
• Converting the 25 Don Mills bus to streetcar operation
• Creating an LRT from Union (TTC) along Queens Quay East and Cherry Street to Parliament and possibly extending it to Castle Frank (TTC)
• Several ROW routes in Scarborough along Sheppard, Finch, Lawrence East, Eglinton, Danforth, McCowan, and Kingston Road. Kingston Road (originally "The Kingston Road" was built by American engineer Asa Danforth as a route to connect Toronto (then called York with Kingston Eglinton Avenue is an east-west thoroughfare in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and in Mississauga to the west Kennedy is a station on the Bloor-Danforth and Scarborough RT lines of the Toronto, Ontario, Canada, subway system The 512 St Clair streetcar is an east-west streetcar route in Toronto, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission. Jane is a station on the Bloor-Danforth line of the subway system in Toronto, Canada. Dundas West is a station on the Bloor-Danforth subway line in Toronto, Canada. The 512 St Clair streetcar is an east-west streetcar route in Toronto, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission. Union Station is a station on the Yonge-University-Spadina line of the Toronto, Ontario, Canada subway. Castle Frank is a station on the Bloor-Danforth line of the subway system in Toronto, Canada.

The City of Toronto and the TTC’s Transit City report^[8] released on March 16, 2007, proposes creating new Light Rail Transit (LRT) lines and Rights-of-Way (ROW) including:

• Don Mills LRT (along Don Mills Road from Steeles Avenue to Overlea Boulevard, and continuing to Pape Station along a possible alignment of Overlea Boulevard from Don Mills Road to Millwood Road , continuing adjacent to the Leaside Bridge from Overlea Boulevard to Pape Avenue and along Pape Avenue from Millwood Road to Danforth Avenue)
• Eglinton Crosstown LRT (along Eglinton Avenue from near Renforth Drive to Kennedy Station, with underground operation from Keele Street to approximately Laird Drive)
• Etobicoke-Finch West LRT (along Finch Avenue West from Yonge Street to Highway 27)
• Jane LRT (along Jane Street from Bloor Street to Steeles Avenue and continuing along Steeles Avenue from Jane Street to Steeles West on the Spadina extension. Transit City is a plan for public transportation for the City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, announced by Mayor of Toronto David Miller Don Mills Road is a north-south route in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, passing through the former cities of East York and North York Steeles Avenue is an east-west street that forms the northern city limit of Toronto and the southern limit of York Region, Ontario, Canada. Finch Avenue is a major east-west principal arterial road in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Jane Street is a north-south thoroughfare in western Toronto, Ontario, Canada, that begins at Bloor Street and continues north into York Steeles West is a proposed station of the Yonge-University-Spadina line of the subway in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, This line also includes a stub extension of the St. Clair ROW from Gunns Loop to Jane Street)
• Scarborough Malvern LRT (along Eglinton Avenue from Kennedy Station to Kingston Road, continuing along Kingston Road from Eglinton Avenue to Morningside Avenue and along Morningside Avenue from Kingston Road to Finch Avenue)
• Sheppard East LRT (along Sheppard Avenue from Don Mills station to Morningside Avenue, with a connection to an extended Scarborough RT near Markham Road)
• Waterfront West LRT (along Lakeshore Boulevard from Long Branch Loop to near the South Kingsway, continuing along the Queensway to King Street, and adjacent to the Gardiner Expressway to Exhibition Loop; from Exhibition it will continue to Union station in either its own as yet to be determined alignment, or in the Harborfront West LRT alignment)

The Ontario government has in its MoveOntario 2020 plan, proposed funding approximately 2/3 of the $5. Morningside Avenue is a north-south street in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and it is located in the district of Scarborough. Markham Road is a north-south route in Toronto. The section was downloaded from the province of Ontario and renamed from Highway 48 to the old name The Frederick G Gardiner Expressway, known locally as " the Gardiner " is an expressway connecting downtown Toronto, Ontario, MoveOntario 2020 is a plan proposed by the Government of Ontario that would fund 52 rapid-transit projects throughout the Greater Toronto Hamilton area 5 billion of the seven Transit City lines, with the expectation that the federal government would fund the remaining 1/3.

Abandoned streetcar routes

Toronto Street Railway routes

• St Lawrence Hall-Yorkville (1873-1891)
• Yonge (1873-1891)
• Queen (1873-1891)
• Front (1873-1891)
• Sherbourne (1873-1891)
• Carlton (1873-1891)
• St Lawrence Market-Woodbine (1873-1891)
• Dovercourt-McCaul (1873-1891)
• North Toronto-Union Station (1873-1891)
• King (1873-1891)
• Bloor (1873-1891)
• Spadina (1873-1891)

Toronto Railway Company routes

• Queen-High Park (1891-1921)
• Church (1891-1921)
• Carlton-College (1891-1921)
• Yonge (1891-1921)
• Belt Line (1891-1921)
• Bloor-McCaul (1891-1921)
• Avenue Road (1891-1921)
• Dundas (1891-1921)
• College-Yonge (1891-1921)
• Bathurst (1891-1921)
• Wincester (1891-1921)
• Parliament (1891-1921)
• Broadview (1891-1921)

Toronto Civic Railway routes

• Danforth Division (1913-1921)
• Gerrard (1912-1921)
• Bloor West Division (1915-1921)
• St. The 501 Queen is an east-west streetcar route in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) 510 Spadina and 509 Harbourfront are streetcar routes in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission 510 Spadina and 509 Harbourfront are streetcar routes in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission The Bloor-Danforth Line is the main east-west subway line in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission. The 511 Bathurst is a streetcar route operated by the Toronto Transit Commission in Toronto, Ontario. The 506 Carlton is a streetcar line run by the Toronto Transit Commission in Toronto, Canada. The Yonge-University-Spadina Line is the oldest and busiest subway line in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Clair Division (1913-1921)
• Lansdowne (1917-1921)

Please see abandoned streetcar routes [2]

Properties

Loops

Since all of Toronto's current streetcars are unidirectional, they require off-street track loops in order to change direction.

The following loops are or have been used by the TTC (some are no longer used or have been disposed of):

Source: Toronto Streetcar Track Map

Carhouses

Streetcars at the Roncesvalles depot

Toronto's streetcars are housed and maintained at various carhouses or "streetcar barns":

Inactive carhouses once part of the TTC's streetcar operations:

Lost carhouse

Source: The TTC's Active Carhouses

Facilities

The TTC vehicles are serviced and stored at various location throughout the city:

Operator Training

A mockup of a CLRV is used to train new streetcar operators is located at Hillcrest. The training simulator consist of an operator cab, front steps and part of the front of a streetcar.

Operators also train with a real streetcar. Front and rear rollsigns on the vehicle will identify it as a training car.

Statistics

• The TTC still has a blacksmith employed to make specialized parts for the overhead wires used by the streetcars.
• The lights, or bullseyes, over the route sign on today's CLRV and ALRV, are relics of the past streetcars in Toronto. Before lighted route signs, single green and red lights on the front and back of the cars allowed people waiting for streetcars at night to tell which direction a car in the distance was travelling.
• The Streetcars (and Subways) are powered with 600VDC.
• To reduce friction noise of wheels on tracks on curved sections of track, water is piped in to the tracks; if oil was used for lubrication, it would destroy the tires of cars that drive over the tracks.
• Sand is used for the brakes for extra traction; a passenger might notice spilled sand on the streetcar floors near the front of the car.
• Eglinton West station features an artwork called Summertime Streetcar by Gerald Zeldinwith, which consists of two enamel murals depicting PCC streetcars facing each other, although these streetcars had never served this station. Eglinton West is a station on the Yonge-University Spadina line of the subway system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The PCC ( Presidents' Conference Committee) streetcar ( Tram) design was first built in the United States in the 1930s

References

• Gray, Jeff. "TTC to shop for new streetcars", The Globe and Mail, 2005-06-23. The Globe and Mail is a Canadian English language nationally distributed Newspaper, based in Toronto and printed in six cities Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1180 - First Battle of Uji, starting the Genpei War in Japan 1305 - The Flemish  
• Future Streetcar Fleet Requirements and Plans. Toronto Transit Commission (2005-06-22). Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
• Livett, Christopher. Toronto's Streetcar System (schematic track map). Transit Toronto.
• Opportunities for New Streetcar Routes (PDF). Toronto Transit Commission (1997-01-21). Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade.

See also

• Toronto Transit Commission
• Toronto buses and trolley buses
• Toronto subway and RT
• Toronto PCCs
• Queen's Quay-Ferry Docks (TTC)
• Lower Queen
• Scarborough RT (TTC)
• Transit City

External links

• Toronto Transit Commission
• TTC Transit City - LRT expansion proposals
• TTC's website for its new vehicle procurement programme
• Siemens' proposal for Toronto's new streetcar fleet
• Transit Toronto Streetcar Pages
• The Toronto LRT Information Page
• TTC Schedules by Route Name
• Pictures of old Toronto streetcars, mostly from the 1960s and 1970s.