Third World is a name given to nations that are generally considered to be underdeveloped economically during the 20th century. The name Third World arose during the Cold War to refer to nations that did not belong to the First and Second Worlds. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the The term " first world " refers to countries that are capitalist, which are technologically advanced and whose The term " Second World " is a phrase that was used to describe the Communist states within the Soviet Union 's sphere of influence While there is debate over the appropriateness of the term, and no alternative is without detractors, the term is one embraced by many Third World nations themselves, particularly in the Non-Aligned Movement. The Non-Aligned Movement ( NAM) is an International organization of states considering themselves not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc

Etymology

First (blue), Second (red), and the Third World (green) countries during the Cold War era. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the

The economist and demographer Alfred Sauvy, in an article published in the French magazine L'Observateur, August 14, 1952, coined the term Third World in referring to countries currently called either "developing" or "under-developed", especially in Latin America, Africa, Oceania, and Asia, that were unaligned with either the Communist Soviet bloc or the Capitalist NATO bloc during the Cold War (1945–1989). Alfred Sauvy (1898-1990 was a demographer, anthropologist and historian of the French economy Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. The North Atlantic Treaty Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the ^[1].

Third World was a reference to the Tiers État, the (Third Estate), the commoners of France before and during the French Revolution, opposed to the priests and nobles who composed the First Estate and the Second Estate. The Estates of the realm were the broad divisions of society usually distinguishing Nobility, Clergy, and Commoners recognized in the Middle Ages This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites in particular rites of sacrifice to and propitiation of a deity or deities Nobility is a government-privileged title which may be either hereditary (see Hereditary titles) or for a lifetime Like the third estate, wrote Sauvy, the Third World has nothing, and "wants to be something", implying that the Third World is exploited (as was the third estate) and that its destiny is revolutionary. Moreover, it conveyed the second concept of political non-alignment with neither the industrialized Capitalist bloc nor the industrialized Communist bloc.

Definition

In academic circles, the countries of the Third World are known as the "Global South", the "developing countries", and the "under-developed countries". Economic development workers refer to these nations as the "Two-thirds World" and "The South". Some developers disapprove of the "developing countries" term because the term implies that industrialization is progressive. Developing countries are countries that haven't reached Western-style standards of democratic government free market economy industrialization social programs and human rights guaranties is a process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a Pre-industrial society into an industrial one

History

The term "third world" was first intended to refer to the way those countries were discovered and because most of them were born as colonies of more powerful nations before they became independent nations. The term later on became popular as a way to denominate countries that are still in the process of developing. In the colonial era, western imperialists propped up these countries. Once imperialism ended, these countries were left to take care of themselves, something most colonial powers never allowed. These countries were left to face the challenges of nation and state-building on their own for the first time.

As European colonies in Africa, Asia, Americas, and Oceania gained their independence they commonly experienced widespread poverty, high birthrates, and economic dependence upon their former colonial masters. The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the Continents of North America and South America After World War II, the capitalist Western and the communist Eastern blocs fought to expand their spheres of influence to the Third World. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The military and intelligence services of the U. S. and the U. S. S. R. worked secretly and publicly to influence Third World governments, with relative success.

The term Third World became popular usage during the Cold War when many poor nations adopted it in describing themselves as aligned with neither N. A. T. O. nor the U. S. S. R. , but instead composed an unaligned Third World. In that context, the First World denoted the U. S. and its anti-Communist allies, concomitantly, Second World denoted the "Eastern Bloc" — the U. S. S. R. and its communist and socialist allies.

For the most part, Third World did not include China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Politically, the Third World emerged at the Bandung Conference (1955), which established the Non-Aligned Movement. The first large-scale Asian-African or Afro-Asian Conference — also known as the Bandung Conference — was a meeting of Asian and African states most of which Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) The Non-Aligned Movement ( NAM) is an International organization of states considering themselves not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc Numerically, the Third World dominates the United Nations, but is so culturally and economically diverse that its political cohesion is hypothetical. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security The petroleum-rich countries (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, etc. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed ) and the new industrial countries (India, China, Malaysia, Philippines, Brazil, Mexico etc. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. ) have little in common with poor countries (Haiti, Chad, Afghanistan, etc. Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: Chad (Tchad تشاد Tshād) officially known as the Republic of Chad, is a Landlocked country in Central Africa. Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, ).

In 1972, China's Chairman Mao gave another definition of three worlds. In his definition, super power dual US and USSR belong to the first world because of their great impact on the world affairs. Western Europe, Japan, Australia, and Canada belong to the second world. Other countries in Asia including China, Africa and America belongs to the third world.

See also

• List of countries and territories by fertility rate
• Developing country
• Human Development Index
  • List of countries by Human Development Index

Further reading

• A. This page consists of two tables Table 1 is sourced from the CIA World Factbook''' Developing countries are countries that haven't reached Western-style standards of democratic government free market economy industrialization social programs and human rights guaranties The Human Development Index ( HDI) is an index combining normalized measures of Life expectancy, Literacy, Educational attainment, and GDP This is a list of countries by Human Development Index as included in the United Nations Development Program 's Human Development Report 2007 R. Kasdan, The Third World: A New Focus for Development (1973)
• E. Hermassi, The Third World Reassessed (1980)
• H. A. Reitsma and J. M. Kleinpenning, The Third World in Perspective (1985)
• J. Cole, Development and Underdevelopment (1987).
• Aijaz Ahmad, In Theory: Classes, Nations, Literatures. (1992)

References

External links

• Hans Rosling at TED 2006