| The Beatles | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Liverpool, England |
| Genre(s) | Pop Rock |
| Years active | 1960–1970 |
| Label(s) | Parlophone Capitol Odeon Apple Vee-Jay Polydor Swan Tollie United Artists Records |
| Associated acts | The Quarrymen, Plastic Ono Band, The Dirty Mac, Wings, Traveling Wilburys, Rory Storm and the Hurricanes, Ringo Starr All-Starr Band |
| Website | www.beatles.com |
| Members | |
| John Lennon Paul McCartney George Harrison Ringo Starr | |
| Former members | |
| Stuart Sutcliffe Pete Best | |
The Beatles were a pop and rock group from Liverpool, England formed in 1960. Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE (born 18 June 1942 is an English rock Singer, Bass guitarist songwriter Composer, Ringo Starr, MBE (born Richard Starkey on 7 July 1940 is an English Musician, Singer, Songwriter and Actor George Harrison, MBE (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001 was an English rock Guitarist Singer - Songwriter, Author John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (born Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Pop music as a genre features a noticeable rhythmic element catchy melodies and hooks, a mainstream style and conventional structure Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. In the Music industry, a record label can be a Brand and a Trademark associated with the Marketing of music recordings and Music Parlophone is a Record label, founded in Germany in 1896 by the Carl Lindström Company. Capitol Records is a major United States -based Record label owned by EMI and located in Hollywood California and New York City as Odeon Records was a Record label founded by Max Strauss and Heinrich Zunz in Berlin, Germany. Apple Records is a record label founded by The Beatles in 1968 as a division of Apple Corps Ltd. Vee-Jay Records was a Record label founded in the 1950s specializing in Blues, Jazz, Rhythm and blues and Rock and roll. Polydor Records is a Record label currently headquartered in the UK, and is a subsidiary of Universal Music Group. Swan Records was a mid-20th century United States based Record label, founded in 1957, based in Philadelphia Pennsylvania. Tollie Records was a Record label formed in February 1964, as a subsidiary label of Vee-Jay Records. United Artists Records was a Record label founded by Max E Youngstein of United Artists in 1958 initially to distribute Soundtracks The Quarrymen (circa late 1956—October 1959/1997—present are an English Skiffle band that was formed in Liverpool in the latter part of 1956 by John The Plastic Ono Band was a conceptual supergroup formed by John Lennon and Yoko Ono in 1969 before the dissolution of The Beatles. The Dirty Mac were an English supergroup consisting of John Lennon, Eric Clapton, Keith Richards and Mitch Mitchell that Wings were a rock supergroup formed in August 1971 after the breakup of the Beatles, by ex-Beatle Paul McCartney. Traveling Wilburys was a supergroup consisting of George Harrison, Jeff Lynne, Roy Orbison, Tom Petty and Bob Dylan. Rory Storm (21 September 1939 - 28 September 1972 was an English singer and musician John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (born Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE (born 18 June 1942 is an English rock Singer, Bass guitarist songwriter Composer, George Harrison, MBE (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001 was an English rock Guitarist Singer - Songwriter, Author Ringo Starr, MBE (born Richard Starkey on 7 July 1940 is an English Musician, Singer, Songwriter and Actor Stuart Fergusson Victor Sutcliffe (23 June 1940 &ndash 10 April 1962 was an Artist, and the original bassist of The Beatles for two years Pete Best (b 24 November 1941 in Madras, British India) is a Pop music as a genre features a noticeable rhythmic element catchy melodies and hooks, a mainstream style and conventional structure Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Primarily consisting of John Lennon (guitar, vocals), Paul McCartney (bass guitar, vocals), George Harrison (guitar, vocals), and Ringo Starr (drums, vocals) throughout their career, The Beatles are recognised for leading the mid-1960s musical "British Invasion" into the United States. John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (born Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE (born 18 June 1942 is an English rock Singer, Bass guitarist songwriter Composer, George Harrison, MBE (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001 was an English rock Guitarist Singer - Songwriter, Author Ringo Starr, MBE (born Richard Starkey on 7 July 1940 is an English Musician, Singer, Songwriter and Actor The British Invasion was the term applied by the news media — and subsequently by consumers — to the influx of Rock and roll, beat and pop performers The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Although their initial musical style was rooted in 1950s rock and roll and homegrown skiffle, the group explored genres ranging from Tin Pan Alley to psychedelic rock. Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African Skiffle is a type of Folk music with Jazz, Blues and Country influences usually using homemade or improvised instruments such as the Washboard A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Tin Pan Alley is the name given to the collection of New York City -centered music publishers and Songwriters who dominated the popular Psychedelic rock is a style of Rock music that attempts to replicate the mind-altering experiences of hallucinogenic drugs. Their clothes, styles, and statements made them trend-setters, while their growing social awareness saw their influence extend into the social and cultural revolutions of the 1960s. After the band broke up in 1970, all four members embarked on solo careers.
The Beatles are one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed bands in the history of popular music. Music is found in every known Culture, past and present varying wildly between times and places The Beatles are the best-selling musical group in history. In the United Kingdom, The Beatles released more than 40 different singles, albums, and EPs that reached number one, earning more number one albums (15) than any other group in UK chart history. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Beatles released twelve original Albums twelve EPs (mainly consisting of material also available on their albums one Double EP, and twenty-two The Beatles released twelve original Albums twelve EPs (mainly consisting of material also available on their albums one Double EP, and twenty-two The Beatles released twelve original Albums twelve EPs (mainly consisting of material also available on their albums one Double EP, and twenty-two The UK Singles Chart is compiled by The Official UK Charts Company (OCC on behalf of the British record industry This commercial success was repeated in many other countries; their record company, EMI, estimated that by 1985 they had sold over one billion records worldwide. The EMI Group is a British music company comprising the major record company EMI Music – which operates several labels and is based in Kensington in [1] According to the Recording Industry Association of America, The Beatles have sold more albums in the United States than any other band. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [2] In 2004, Rolling Stone magazine ranked The Beatles number one on its list of 100 Greatest Rock & Roll Artists of All Time. Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published According to that same magazine, The Beatles' innovative music and cultural impact helped define the 1960s, and their influence on pop culture is still evident today.
History
1957–60: Formation
In March 1957, while attending Quarry Bank Grammar School in Liverpool, John Lennon formed a skiffle group called The Quarrymen. The Quarrymen (circa late 1956—October 1959/1997—present are an English Skiffle band that was formed in Liverpool in the latter part of 1956 by John Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Skiffle is a type of Folk music with Jazz, Blues and Country influences usually using homemade or improvised instruments such as the Washboard The Quarrymen (circa late 1956—October 1959/1997—present are an English Skiffle band that was formed in Liverpool in the latter part of 1956 by John [3] Lennon met guitarist Paul McCartney at the Woolton Garden Fête, held at St. Woolton is a suburb of Liverpool, Merseyside, England and a Liverpool City Council Ward. Peter's Church, on 6 July 1957; Lennon added him to the group a few days later. Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) [4] On 6 February 1958 young guitarist George Harrison was invited to watch the group, playing under a variety of names, at Wilson Hall, Garston, Liverpool. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [5] McCartney had become acquainted with Harrison on the morning bus ride to the Liverpool Institute, as they both lived in Speke. The Liverpool Institute High School for Boys was an all-boys Grammar school in the English port city of Liverpool. Speke (pronounced Speak) is an area of the City of Liverpool, in Merseyside, England, close to the boundaries of the Despite Lennon's initial reluctance due to Harrison's young age, Harrison joined the Quarrymen as lead guitarist at McCartney's insistence after a rehearsal in March 1958. Lead guitar refers to the use of a Guitar to perform Melody lines instrumental fill passages, and Guitar solos within a song structure [6][7] Lennon and McCartney both played rhythm guitar during that period, and had a high turnover of drummers. Rhythm guitar is the use of a Guitar to provide Rhythmic chordal Accompaniment for a singer or other instruments in a Musical ensemble Lennon's art school friend Stuart Sutcliffe joined on bass in January 1960. Art movement Art school is a colloquial term for any educational institution (whether elementary secondary post-secondary/undergraduate or graduate/postgraduate with a primary focus Stuart Fergusson Victor Sutcliffe (23 June 1940 &ndash 10 April 1962 was an Artist, and the original bassist of The Beatles for two years The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the [8][9]
The Quarrymen went through a progression of names, including "Johnny and the Moondogs" and "Long John and The Beatles". Sutcliffe suggested the name "The Beetles" as a tribute to Buddy Holly and The Crickets. Charles Hardin "Buddy" Holley (September 7 1936 – February 3 1959 was an American Singer-songwriter and a pioneer of Rock and roll. The Crickets were a rock band from Lubbock Texas, formed by Singer / Songwriter Buddy Holly in the 1950s After a tour with Johnny Gentle in Scotland, the band changed their name to "The Beatles. Larry Parnes (real name Laurence Maurice Palmer) was born in 1930 in Willesden, London; and died on 4 August 1989, in London Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. " Lennon's first wife Cynthia Lennon suggested that Lennon came up with the name The Beatles at a "brainstorming session over a beer-soaked table in the Renshaw Hall bar. Cynthia Lennon (née Powell) (born 10 September 1939 in Blackpool, Lancashire, England is the former wife of John Lennon. "[10] Lennon, who was well known for giving multiple versions of the same story, joked in a 1961 Mersey Beat magazine article that "It came in a vision — a man appeared on a flaming pie and said unto them, 'From this day on you are Beatles with an A'". Mersey Beat was a music publication in Liverpool, England in the early 1960s [11] During an interview in 2001, McCartney took credit for the peculiar spelling of the name, saying that "John had the idea of calling us the Beetles; I said, 'How about the Beatles; you know, like the beat of the drum?' At the time, everyone was stoned enough to find it hilarious. It's funny how history is made. "[12]
In May 1960, the then-Silver Beetles toured northeast Scotland as a back-up band with singer Johnny Gentle, whom the band had met an hour before their first gig. [8] McCartney referred to the tour as a great experience for the band. [13] For the tour, the often drummer-less group secured the services of Tommy Moore, who was considerably older than the others. [14] Moore left the band soon after the tour and went back to work in a bottling factory as a forklift truck driver. [15] Norman Chapman was the band's next drummer, but was called up for National Service a few weeks later. "National Service" redirects here For national service in other countries see National service. His departure posed a serious problem, for the group's unofficial manager, Allan Williams, had arranged for them to perform in clubs on the Reeperbahn in Hamburg, West Germany. Allan Williams was born in Bootle, Liverpool, and is a former businessman and promoter of Welsh descent |-||-||-||-||-||}The Reeperbahn is a street in Hamburg 's St Pauli district one of the two centres of Hamburg's nightlife and also the city's Red-light district Hamburg (English, German: ˈhambʊɐk local pronunciation Low German / Low Saxon: Hamborg) is the second-largest city in Germany West Germany ( Inf German: Westdeutschland or West-Deutschland) was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany ( [16]
1960–62: Hamburg
Finding themselves drummerless before their upcoming engagement in Hamburg, the group invited Pete Best to become their drummer on 12 August 1960. Pete Best (b 24 November 1941 in Madras, British India) is a Events 1099 - First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon - Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Best had played with The Blackjacks in The Casbah Coffee Club, owned by Pete's mother, Mona Best; a cellar club in West Derby, Liverpool, The Beatles played there and often visited. The Casbah Coffee Club was a Rock and roll music venue in West Derby, Liverpool, started by Mona Best in 1959 in the cellar of the family home Mona "Mo" Best, (3 January 1924 &ndash 9 September 1988 was born in India, and is best known as the mother of Pete Best (b West Derby is a suburb in the north of Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [17] Four days after hiring Best, the group left for Hamburg. The Beatles began playing in Hamburg at the Indra Club and moved to the Kaiserkeller in October 1960. Kaiserkeller is a night club in the St Pauli quarter of Hamburg, Germany, near the Reeperbahn. They were required to play six or seven hours a night, seven nights a week. On 21 November 1960 Harrison was deported for having lied to the German authorities about his age. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [18] A week later, having started a small fire at their living quarters while vacating it for more luxurious rooms, McCartney and Best were arrested, charged with arson, and deported. [19] Lennon followed the others to Liverpool in mid-December while Sutcliffe stayed behind in Hamburg with his new German fiancée Astrid Kirchherr. Astrid Kirchherr (born 20 May 1938 is a German Photographer and Artist and is well known for her association with the Beatles (along with her The reunited group played an engagement on 17 December 1960 at the Casbah Club, with Chas Newby substituting for Sutcliffe. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Charles 'Chas' Newby (born 18 June 1941, in Liverpool) was Temporarily the Bassist for The Beatles in December 1960 following [20]
The Beatles returned to Hamburg in April 1961, performing at the "Top Ten Club". The Top Ten Club was a music club in Hamburg, Germany owned by Peter Eckhorn While playing at the Top Ten Club, they were recruited by singer Tony Sheridan to act as his backing band on a series of recordings for the German Polydor Records label,[21] produced by famed bandleader Bert Kaempfert. Tony Sheridan (born Anthony Esmond Sheridan McGinnity on May 21, A backing band or backup band is a band which accompanies an artist at a live performance or on a recording Polydor Records is a Record label currently headquartered in the UK, and is a subsidiary of Universal Music Group. Bert Kaempfert (born Berthold Kämpfert; 16 October 1923 – 21 June 1980) was a German Orchestra leader and [22] Kaempfert signed the group to its own Polydor contract at the first session on 22 June 1961. Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. On 31 October Polydor released the recording "My Bonnie (Mein Herz ist bei dir nur)", which appeared on the German charts under the name "Tony Sheridan and the Beat Brothers", a generic name used for whoever happened to be in Sheridan's backup band. Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse My Bonnie is a 1962 album by Tony Sheridan and the Beat Brothers better known as The Beatles. [23] A few copies were also pressed under the Decca label for United States disc jockeys, as American Decca had a distribution deal with Polydor parent Deutsche Grammophon. Deutsche Grammophon is a German classical Record label. The company has long been known for its high standards of audio fidelity. [24] When the group returned to Liverpool, Sutcliffe stayed in Hamburg with Kirchherr. [25] McCartney took over bass duties. The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the [26]
In a meeting with the group at North End Music Store (NEMS) on 10 December 1961, Brian Epstein proposed the idea of managing the group. Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. NEMS Enterprises defaults here For the Latin American record label see NEMS Enterprises (label. [27] The Beatles signed a five-year contract with Epstein on 24 January 1962. Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [28] Epstein led The Beatles' search for a British recording contract. A recording contract (commonly called a record deal) is a legal agreement between a Record label and a Recording artist (or group where the artist Epstein had been manager of the record department at NEMS, an offshoot of his family's furniture store. He played on the status of NEMS as a major record dealer to gain access to producers and recording company executives. In a now-famous exchange, Decca Records A&R executive Dick Rowe turned Epstein down flat, informing him that "guitar groups are on the way out, Mr. Decca Records is a British Record label established in 1929 by Edward Lewis. Artists and Repertoire ( A&R) is the division of a Record label that is responsible for talent scouting and artist development Dick Rowe (died June 6 1986) was an A&R man at Decca Records from the 1950s to the 1960s Epstein. "[29] (See The Decca audition. The Decca audition is the name given to the now-famous Beatles audition for Decca Records at their Decca Studios in West Hampstead, north ) While Epstein was negotiating with Decca, he also approached EMI marketing executive Ron White. The EMI Group is a British music company comprising the major record company EMI Music – which operates several labels and is based in Kensington in [30] White, who was not himself a record producer, in turn contacted EMI producers Norrie Paramor, Walter Ridley, and Norman Newell; all of them declined to record The Beatles. Norrie Paramor ( 15 May 1914 - 9 September 1979) is best known as a Record producer, but was also a Composer, Arranger White did not approach EMI's fourth staff producer—George Martin—who was on holiday at the time. Sir George Henry Martin CBE (3 January 1926 is a British record producer arranger and Composer. [31] The Beatles remained in Hamburg from 13 April to 31 May 1962, when they opened The Star Club. Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. For the band see Starclub. The Star-Club was a music club in Hamburg, Germany that opened Friday 13 April [32] Upon their arrival, they were informed of Sutcliffe's death from a brain haemorrhage. A cerebral hemorrhage (or intracerebral hemorrhage, ICH) is a subtype of Intracranial hemorrhage that occurs within the Brain tissue itself [33]
1962: Record contract
After failing to impress Decca Records, Epstein went to the HMV store on Oxford Street in London to transfer the Decca tapes to discs. His Master's Voice, today usually abbreviated to HMV, is a famous Trademark in the music business and for many years was the name of a large record label Oxford Street is a major thoroughfare in London, England in the City of Westminster. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. There, recording engineer Jim Foy referred him to Sid Coleman, who ran EMI's publishing arm. When Coleman heard the demo tapes, he suggested taking the tapes to George Martin who, Coleman explained, "does comedy records" and headed the Parlophone label at EMI. Parlophone is a Record label, founded in Germany in 1896 by the Carl Lindström Company. Epstein eventually met with Martin, who signed the group to EMI on a one-year renewable contract. [34] The Beatles' first recording session was scheduled for 6 June 1962 at EMI's Abbey Road Studios in north London. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Abbey Road Studios, established in November 1931 by EMI in London, England, is a Recording studio located at number 3 Abbey Road, [35] Martin had not been particularly impressed by the band's demo recordings, but he liked The Beatles' personalities when he met them. [36] He concluded that they had raw musical talent, but stated in later interviews that what made the difference for him was their wit and humour. [37]
Martin had a problem with Pete Best,[36] whom he criticised for not being able to keep time. Martin privately suggested to Epstein that the band use another drummer in the studio. There was speculation by some that Best's popularity with fans was another source of friction. [38] In addition, Epstein became exasperated with his refusal to adopt the distinctive hairstyle as part of the band's unified look. Best also had missed a number of engagements because of illness. The three founding members of the band enlisted Epstein to dismiss Best, which he did on 16 August 1962. Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [39] They asked Richard Starkey, known as Ringo Starr, to join the band; Starr was the drummer for one of the top Merseybeat groups, Rory Storm and the Hurricanes, and had performed occasionally with The Beatles in Hamburg. Ringo Starr, MBE (born Richard Starkey on 7 July 1940 is an English Musician, Singer, Songwriter and Actor Rory Storm (21 September 1939 - 28 September 1972 was an English singer and musician [40] The first recordings of Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, and Starr together were made as early as 15 October 1960, in a series of demonstration records privately recorded in Hamburg while acting as the backing group for singer Lu Walters. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [41] Starr played on The Beatles' second EMI recording session on 4 September 1962, but Martin hired session drummer Andy White for their next session on 11 September. Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Andy White (born 1930 Glasgow, Scotland) is a Drummer, best known for playing Drums on The Beatles first single, " Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul [42] White's only released performances were recordings of "Love Me Do" and "P.S. I Love You", found on The Beatles' first album. " Love Me Do " is an early Lennon/McCartney song principally written by Paul McCartney in 1958&ndash59 while playing truant from school " PS I Love You " is a song composed principally by Paul McCartney credited to McCartney-Lennon which was first recorded by the The Beatles and released on Please Please Me is the first album recorded by The Beatles, rush-released on March 22, 1963 in the United Kingdom to capitalise
Their recording contract paid them one penny for each single sold, which was split amongst the four Beatles — one farthing per group member. A farthing (meaning fourth part) was a British coin worth one quarter of a penny and 1/960 of a Pound sterling, slightly over a "mill" [43] This royalty rate was reduced for singles sold outside the UK, for which they received half of one penny (again split between the whole band) per single. Martin said later that it was a "pretty awful" contract. [43]
The Beatles' first EMI session on 6 June 1962 did not yield any recordings considered worthy of release, but the September sessions a few months later produced a minor UK hit "Love Me Do", which peaked on the charts at number seventeen. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [44] "Love Me Do" would reach the top of the U. S. singles chart over eighteen months later in May 1964.
1962–63: Fame in the UK
On 26 November 1962 the band recorded their second single "Please Please Me", which reached number two on the official UK charts and number one on the NME chart. Events 43 BC - The Second Triumvirate alliance of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus ("Octavian" later "Caesar Augustus" Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. " Please Please Me " is the second single released by the The Beatles in the UK and the first to be issued in the US The New Musical Express (better known as the NME) is a Popular music Magazine in the United Kingdom which has been Three months later, they recorded their first album, also titled Please Please Me (1962). Please Please Me is the first album recorded by The Beatles, rush-released on March 22, 1963 in the United Kingdom to capitalise The band's first televised performance was on the People and Places programme, transmitted live from Manchester by Granada Television on 17 October 1962. Granada Television is the United Kingdom ITV contractor for North West England. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [45] As The Beatles' fame spread, the frenzied adulation of the group, predominantly from teenage female fans, was dubbed "Beatlemania". Beatlemania is a term that was used during the 1960s to describe the intense fan frenzy (particularly demonstrated by young teen girls directed toward The Beatles, particularly
The band also began to be noticed by serious music critics. On 23 December 1963, The Times music critic William Mann published an essay extolling The Beatles' compositions, including their "fresh and euphonious" guitars in "Till There Was You", their "submediant switches from C major into A flat major", and the "octave ascent" in "I Want to Hold Your Hand". Events 962 - Byzantine-Arab Wars: Under the future Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, Byzantine troops stormed the city Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Times is a daily national Newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. " Till There Was You " is a song written by Meredith Willson for his 1957 musical play The Music Man, and which also appeared in the " I Want to Hold Your Hand " is a song by the English pop and rock band The Beatles. [46] The Beatles themselves were perplexed by this analysis by Mann: ". . . one gets the impression that they think simultaneously of harmony and melody, so firmly are the major tonic sevenths and ninths built into their tunes, and the flat-submediant key-switches, so natural is the Aeolian cadence at the end of 'Not a Second Time' (the chord progression which ends Mahler's 'Song of the Earth'). The Aeolian mode is a Musical mode or Diatonic scale. An Aeolian mode formed part of the Music theory of Ancient Greece, based around " Not a Second Time " is a song by John Lennon (credited to Lennon/McCartney) performed by The Beatles on their album With the Beatles Das Lied von der Erde (" The Song of the Earth " is a large-scale work for two vocal soloists and orchestra by the Austrian Composer "[47] In 1980, Lennon commented, "To this day I don't have any idea what Aeolian cadences are. They sound like exotic birds. "[47]
1963–64: American success
Although the band experienced huge popularity on the British record charts in early 1963, EMI's American operation, Capitol Records, declined to issue the singles "Please Please Me" and "From Me to You", their first official number one hit in the UK. Capitol Records is a major United States -based Record label owned by EMI and located in Hollywood California and New York City as " From Me to You " is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and released by The Beatles as a single in 1963. [48] Vee-Jay Records, a small Chicago label, issued the singles as part of a deal for the rights to another performer's masters. Vee-Jay Records was a Record label founded in the 1950s specializing in Blues, Jazz, Rhythm and blues and Rock and roll. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Art Roberts, music director of popular Chicago radio station WLS, placed "Please Please Me" into radio rotation in late February 1963, arguably the first time a Beatles record was heard on American radio. WLS is a Chicago Radio station. The call letters stand for W orld's L argest S tore (for its original owner Sears Vee-Jay's rights to The Beatles were later cancelled for non-payment of royalties. [49]
In August 1963, Philadelphia-based Swan Records released "She Loves You", which also failed to receive airplay. Swan Records was a mid-20th century United States based Record label, founded in 1957, based in Philadelphia Pennsylvania. " She Loves You " is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, originally recorded by The Beatles for release as a single in 1963 A testing of the song on Dick Clark's TV show American Bandstand produced laughter from American teenagers when they saw the group's distinctive hairstyles. Richard Wagstaff "Dick" Clark (born November 30, 1929) is an American Television, Radio personality, Game show host American Bandstand was a Television show that aired in various versions from 1952 to 1989 hosted from 1957 until its final season by Dick Clark The Beatles ' influence on rock music and popular culture was&mdashand remains&mdashimmense [50] In early November 1963, Brian Epstein persuaded Ed Sullivan to present The Beatles on three editions of his show in February, and parlayed this guaranteed exposure into a record deal with Capitol Records. Edward Vincent "Ed" Sullivan ( September 28, 1901 – October 13, 1974) was an American Entertainment Writer Capitol committed to a mid-January release of "I Want to Hold Your Hand". " I Want to Hold Your Hand " is a song by the English pop and rock band The Beatles. [51] On 10 December 1963, a 5-minute story shot in England about the phenomenon of Beatlemania was shown on the CBS Evening News. Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. CBS Evening News is the flagship nightly television news program of the American television network CBS. The segment first aired on the CBS Morning News on 22 November and had originally been scheduled to be repeated on that day's Evening News, but regular programming was cancelled following the assassination of John F. Kennedy that day. CBS Morning News is the half-hour daily television broadcast from CBS News that airs following Up to the Minute. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of The segment inspired a teenage girl named Marsha Albert living in Silver Spring, Maryland to write to Carroll James, a disc jockey at Washington DC's WWDC radio station, requesting that he play records by The Beatles. Silver Spring is an urbanized Unincorporated area in Montgomery County Maryland, USA Carroll James had seen the same news story and arranged through a friend to have a copy of The Beatles' new single "I Want to Hold Your Hand" sent over to him in Washington DC. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D Immediately after debuting the record on December 17, the station received overwhelming positive audience reaction, with the station escalating airplay of the record. Made aware of the overwhelming listener response, Capitol Records president Alan Livingston decided a few days later to take advantage of the response and rush-release the already-prepared single three weeks ahead of schedule on 26 December 1963. Events 1481 - Battle of Westbrook - Holland defeats troops of Utrecht. Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [52]
Several New York radio stations—first WMCA, then WINS and WABC—began playing "I Want to Hold Your Hand" on its release day. WMCA, 570 AM, is a Radio station in New York City, most known for its "Good Guys" Top 40 era in the 1960s WINS (1010 kHz known on-air as "Ten-Ten WINS", is a radio station in New York City, owned by CBS Radio. WABC (770 kHz known as "NewsTalkRadio 77" is a radio station in New York City. The positive response to the record that had started in Washington was duplicated in New York and quickly spread to other markets. The record sold one million copies in just ten days, and by 16 January 1964, Cashbox magazine had certified the record number one, in the edition datelined 23 January. Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Cash Box (or Cashbox) magazine was a weekly publication devoted to the music and coin-operated machine industries which was published from July 1942 to November Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Aware that The Ed Sullivan Show was scheduled to present The Beatles live in early February, the Jack Paar Show licensed a film clip of The Beatles performing "She Loves You" from Britain's BBC and aired the footage on 3 January 1964, enabling Paar to claim that he had beaten rival Sullivan to showing The Beatles on a network TV show. Jack Harold Paar ( May 1, 1918 &ndash January 27, 2004) was an American Radio and Television talk show host Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar.
1964–66: Beatlemania crosses the Atlantic
On 7 February 1964, a crowd of four thousand fans at Heathrow Airport waved to The Beatles as they took off for their first trip to the United States as a group. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [53] They were accompanied by photographers, journalists (including Maureen Cleave), and Phil Spector, who had booked himself on the same flight. Maureen Cleave is a journalist who worked for the London Evening News and London Evening Standard in the 1960s conducting interviews with famous Harvey Philip Spector (born December 26 1940) is an American Record producer and Songwriter. [54] When the group arrived at New York's newly-renamed JFK Airport, they were greeted by a large crowd. John F Kennedy International Airport is an International airport located in Queens County on Long Island in southeastern New York City about 12 miles (19 The airport had never experienced such a crowd, estimated at about 3,000 fans. [55] After a press conference, where they first met disc jockey Murray the K, The Beatles were put into limousines and driven to New York City. A news conference or press conference is a Media event in which newsmakers invite journalists to hear them speak and most often ask questions A disc jockey (also known as DJ or deejay) is a person who selects and plays recorded music for an audience Murray Kaufman ( February 14, 1922 &ndash February 21, 1982) professionally known as Murray the K, was a famous and influential The City of New York On the way, McCartney turned on a radio and listened to a running commentary: "They [The Beatles] have just left the airport and are coming to New York City. . . "[56] After reaching the Plaza Hotel, they were besieged by fans and reporters. Harrison had a fever of 102 °F (39 °C) the next day and was ordered to stay in bed, so Neil Aspinall replaced him for the band's first for their appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show. Neil Aspinall (13 October 1941 — 23 March 2008 was a British music industry executive [57]
The Beatles made their first live American television appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show on 9 February 1964. The Ed Sullivan Show was an American television Variety show that ran from June 20, 1948 to June 6, Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Approximately 74 million viewers—about half of the American population—watched the group perform on the show. [58] The next morning, many newspapers wrote that The Beatles were nothing more than a "fad", and "could not carry a tune across the Atlantic". [59] The band's first American concert appearance was at Washington Coliseum in Washington, D. Uline Arena renamed the Washington Coliseum in 1959 was an indoor Arena in Washington D C. on 11 February 1964. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. [60]
After The Beatles' success in 1964, Vee-Jay Records and Swan Records took advantage of their previously secured rights to the group's early recordings and reissued the songs; all the songs reached the top ten this time. Vee-Jay Records was a Record label founded in the 1950s specializing in Blues, Jazz, Rhythm and blues and Rock and roll. Swan Records was a mid-20th century United States based Record label, founded in 1957, based in Philadelphia Pennsylvania. (MGM and Atco also secured rights to The Beatles' early Tony Sheridan-era recordings and had minor hits with "My Bonnie" and "Ain't She Sweet", the latter featuring John Lennon on lead vocal. "My Bonnie Lies over the Ocean" is a traditional Scottish Folk song. " Ain't She Sweet " is a song composed by Milton Ager and Jack Yellen in 1927 ) In addition to Introducing... The Beatles (1964), which was essentially The Beatles' debut British album with some minor alterations, Vee-Jay also issued an unusual LP called The Beatles Vs The Four Seasons. Introducing The Beatles is the first Beatles album in the United States. This 2-LP set paired Introducing. . . The Beatles and The Golden Hits Of The Four Seasons, another successful act that Vee-Jay had under contract, in a 'contest' (the back cover featured a 'score card'). Another unusual release was the Hear The Beatles Tell All album, which consisted of two lengthy interviews with Los Angeles radio disc jockeys (side one was titled "Dave Hull interviews John Lennon", while side two was titled "Jim Steck interviews John, Paul, George, Ringo"). No Beatles music was included on this interview album, which turned out to be the only Vee-Jay Beatles album Capitol Records could not reclaim.
The Vee-Jay/Swan-issued recordings eventually ended up with Capitol, which issued most of the Vee-Jay material on the American-only Capitol release The Early Beatles, with three songs left off this final US version of the album. The Early Beatles is the The Beatles ' fifth release on Capitol Records, and their eighth album for the American market ("I Saw Her Standing There" was issued as the American B-side of "I Want to Hold Your Hand", and also appeared on the Capitol Records album Meet The Beatles. "Misery" and "There's a Place" were issued as a Capitol "Starline" reissue single in 1964, and reappeared on Capitol's 1980 US version of the Rarities compilation album. Rarities is a Compilation album released by Capitol Records featuring a selection of songs by The Beatles. ) The early Vee-Jay and Swan Beatles records command a high price on the record collectors' market today, and all have been copiously bootlegged. [61] The Swan tracks "She Loves You" and "I'll Get You" were issued on the Capitol LP The Beatles' Second Album. Second album redirects here For the Roy Buchanan album of the same name see Roy Buchanan#Discography The Beatles' Second Album Swan also issued the German-language version of "She Loves You", called "Sie Liebt Dich". This song later appeared (in stereo) on Capitol's Rarities album.
In mid-1964 the band undertook their first appearances outside of Europe and North America, touring Australia; Ringo Starr was suffering from tonsillitis and was temporarily replaced by session drummer Jimmy Nicol. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Ringo Starr, MBE (born Richard Starkey on 7 July 1940 is an English Musician, Singer, Songwriter and Actor James George Nicol, known as Jimmie Nicol or Jimmy Nicol (born August 3, 1939) is a British Drummer, best known In Adelaide, The Beatles were greeted by over 300,000 people at Adelaide Town Hall. Adelaide is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of South Australia, and is the fifth largest city in Australia with a Adelaide Town Hall is a landmark building on King William Street in Adelaide, South Australia. [62] Ringo had rejoined by the time they arrived in New Zealand on 21 June 1964. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. [63]
On 6 June 1964, A Hard Day's Night, the first movie starring the Beatles, was released in the United Kingdom. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. A Hard Day's Night is a 1964 British Comedy film written by Alun Owen starring The Beatles — John Lennon, Paul McCartney Directed by Richard Lester, the film is a mockumentary of the four members as they make their way to a London television programme. Richard Lester (born January 19, 1932) is a British -based Film director famous for his work with The Beatles in the 1960s The film, released at the height of Beatlemania, was well-received by critics, and remains one of the most influential jukebox musicals. A jukebox musical is a stage or film musical that uses previously released popular songs as its Musical score. [64][65] That December the group released their fourth album, Beatles for Sale. Beatles for Sale is The Beatles ' fourth album released in late 1964 and produced by George Martin for Parlophone.
In June 1965, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II appointed the four Beatles Members of the Order of the British Empire, MBE. For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British Order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. The band members were nominated by Prime Minister Harold Wilson, who also was the M.P. for Huyton, Liverpool. James Harold Wilson Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, PC (11 March 1916 &ndash 24 May 1995 was one of the most prominent British politicians A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Huyton is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley, in Merseyside, England. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary [66] The appointment–at that time primarily bestowed upon military veterans and civic leaders – sparked some conservative MBE recipients to return their insignia in protest. [67] The first two were returned on 14 June 1965, before The Beatles received theirs on 26 October. Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Events 740 - An Earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death [68]
In July 1965, The Beatles's second feature film, Help!, was released. Help! is a 1965 film starring The Beatles and featuring Leo McKern, Eleanor Bron, Victor Spinetti, John Bluthal, Roy The film was accompanied by the band fifth British studio album Help!, which also functioned as the soundtrack for the movie. Help! is the fifth album by The Beatles, and the soundtrack album from their film of the same name. On 15 August 1965, The Beatles performed the first major stadium concert in the history of rock 'n' roll at Shea Stadium in New York to a crowd of 55,600. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. William A Shea Municipal Stadium, usually shortened to Shea Stadium or just Shea (ʃeɪ̪ is a Stadium located in the New York City borough [69] Their sixth album, Rubber Soul, was released in early December 1965. Rubber Soul is the sixth studio album by the English rock band The Beatles. It was hailed as a major leap forward in the maturity and complexity of the band's music. [70]
1966: Backlash and controversy
In July 1966, when The Beatles toured the Philippines, they unintentionally snubbed the nation's first lady, Imelda Marcos, who had expected the group to attend a breakfast reception at the Presidential Palace. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Imelda Remedios Visitacion Romualdez-Marcos (born Imelda Remedios Visitacion Trinidad Romualdez on July 2, 1929 in Manila) is the widow [71] When presented with the invitation, Brian Epstein politely declined on behalf of the group, as it had never been the group's policy to accept such "official" invitations. NEMS Enterprises defaults here For the Latin American record label see NEMS Enterprises (label. [72] The group soon found that the Marcos regime was unaccustomed to accepting "no" for an answer. After the snub was broadcast on Philippine television and radio, all of The Beatles' police protection disappeared. The group and their entourage had to make their way to Manila airport on their own. The City of Manila At the airport, road manager Mal Evans was beaten and kicked, and the band members were pushed and jostled about by a hostile crowd. Malcolm 'Mal' Evans (27 May 1935 – 5 January 1976 is best known as the road manager, assistant and a friend of The Beatles. [73] Once the group boarded the plane, Epstein and Evans were ordered off, and Evans said, "Tell my wife that I love her. "[74] Epstein was forced to give back all the money that the band had earned while they were there before being allowed back on the plane. [75]
Almost as soon as they returned from the Philippines, an earlier comment by Lennon made in March that year launched a backlash against The Beatles from religious and social conservatives in the United States. In an interview with British reporter Maureen Cleave,[76] Lennon had offered his opinion that Christianity was dying and that The Beatles were "more popular than Jesus now". Maureen Cleave is a journalist who worked for the London Evening News and London Evening Standard in the 1960s conducting interviews with famous Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE) [77] Afterwards, a radio station in Birmingham, Alabama, ran a story on burning Beatles records, in what was considered to be a joke. Birmingham (ˈbɝmɪŋhæm is the largest City in the US state of Alabama and is the County seat of Jefferson County. However, many people affiliated with rural churches in the American South started taking the suggestion seriously. The Southern United States &mdashcommonly referred to as the American South, Dixie, or simply the South &mdashconstitutes a large distinctive Towns across the United States and South Africa started to burn Beatles records in protest. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Attempting to make light of the incident, Harrison said, "They've got to buy them before they can burn them. "[78] Under tremendous pressure from the American media, Lennon apologised for his remarks at a press conference in Chicago on 11 August 1966, the eve of the first performance of what turned out to be their final tour. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. [79]
The group's two-year series of Capitol compilations also took a strange twist in the United States when one of their publicity shots, used for a Yesterday and Today album and a poster promoting the UK release of "Paperback Writer", created an uproar, as it featured the band dressed in butchers' overalls, draped in meat and plastic dolls. Yesterday and Today (rendered as "Yesterday" …and Today on the record label and in most published discographies is the ninth Capitol A popular, though apocryphal, rumour said that this was meant as a response to the way Capitol had "butchered" their albums. [80] Thousands of copies of the album had a new cover pasted over. Years later, a commentator linked the cover shot with the group's interest in German expressionism. German Expressionism is the term used to refer to a number of related creative movements which emerged in Germany before the first world war which reached a peak in Berlin [79] Uncensored copies of Yesterday and Today command a high price today, with one copy selling for $10,500 at a December 2005 auction. [81]
Elvis Presley disapproved of The Beatles's anti-war activism and open use of drugs, later asking President Richard Nixon to ban all four members of the group from entering the United States. Peter Guralnick writes, "The Beatles, Elvis said, [. Peter Guralnick (born December 15, 1943, in Boston Massachusetts) is an American music critic, writer on music and historian of . . ] had been a focal point for anti-Americanism. Anti-Americanism, often anti-American sentiment, is opposition or hostility to the people culture or policies of the United States. They had come to this country, made their money, then gone back to England where they fomented anti-American feeling. "[82] Guralnick adds, "Presley indicated that he is of the opinion that The Beatles laid the groundwork for many of the problems we are having with young people by their filthy unkempt appearances and suggestive music while entertaining in this country during the early and middle 1960s. "[83] Despite Presley's remarks, Lennon still had some positive feelings towards him: "Before Elvis, there was nothing. "[84] In contrast, Bob Dylan recognised The Beatles' contribution, stating: "America should put up statues to The Beatles. Bob Dylan (born Robert Zimmerman, May 24 1941 in Duluth, Minnesota) is an American singer-songwriter author poet and painter who has been a major They helped give this country's pride back to it. "[85]
1966–69: Studio years
In April 1966, the group began recording what would be their most ambitious album to date, Revolver. Revolver is the seventh album by English rock band The Beatles, released on 5 August 1966. During the recording sessions for the album, tape looping and early sampling were introduced in a complex mix of ballad, R&B, soul, and world music. The Beatles performed their last concert before paying fans at Candlestick Park in San Francisco on 29 August 1966. Candlestick Park (also commonly referred to as Candlestick or The Stick) is an outdoor sports and entertainment stadium located in San Francisco California The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708) Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. [79][86] McCartney asked Tony Barrow to tape the event, but the 30-minute tape he used ran out halfway through the last song. Tony Barrow (born in Crosby, Merseyside, England, 1936) is a Press officer who worked with The Beatles between 1962 [87] From then on, The Beatles concentrated on recording. Less than seven months after recording Revolver, The Beatles returned to Abbey Road Studios on 24 November 1966 to begin the 129-day recording sessions for their eighth album, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, released on 1 June 1967. Abbey Road Studios, established in November 1931 by EMI in London, England, is a Recording studio located at number 3 Abbey Road, Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band is the eighth studio album by the British rock band The Beatles. Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar.
On 25 June 1967, The Beatles became the first band globally transmitted on television, before an estimated 400 million people worldwide. Events 524 - Battle of Vézeronce, the Franks defeat the Burgundians Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. The band appeared in a segment within the first-ever worldwide television satellite hook-up, a show titled Our World. This article is about artificial satellites For natural satellites also known as moons see Natural satellite. Our World was the first live international Satellite television production which was broadcast on 25 June 1967. The Beatles were transmitted live from Abbey Road Studios, and their new song "All You Need Is Love" was recorded live during the show, albeit to the accompaniment of a backing track they had spent five days recording and mixing in the studio prior to the broadcast. Abbey Road Studios, established in November 1931 by EMI in London, England, is a Recording studio located at number 3 Abbey Road, " All You Need Is Love " is a song written by John Lennon and credited to Lennon/McCartney. [88]
On 24 August 1967, The Beatles met the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi at the London Hilton. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Maharishi Mahesh Yogi ( January 12, 1917 &ndash February 5 2008) founded and developed the Transcendental Meditation technique and UH Hilton Hoteljpg|thumbnail|right|The Hilton University of Houston in Houston Texas, located on the campus of the University of Houston, contains the Hilton College of A few days later they went to Bangor, in North Wales, to attend a weekend 'initiation' conference. Bangor, in Gwynedd, North Wales, is one of the smallest cities in the United Kingdom. [89] There, the Maharishi gave each of them a mantra. A mantra ( Devanāgarī मन्त्र (or mantram is a religious or mystical syllable or poem typically from the Sanskrit language [90] While in Bangor, The Beatles learned of the death of Brian Epstein at age 32 from an accidental prescription drug overdose. The term drug overdose (or simply overdose or OD) describes the Ingestion or application of a Drug or other substance in quantities At the end of 1967, they received their first major negative press in the UK with disparaging reviews of their surrealistic TV film Magical Mystery Tour. Magical Mystery Tour is an hour-long television film starring The Beatles ( John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison [91] Part of the criticism arose because colour was an integral part of the film, yet the film was shown on Boxing Day in black and white. Boxing Day is a public holiday in the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand and Australia, as well as many other members of the Commonwealth The Magical Mystery Tour film soundtrack, was released in the United Kingdom as a double EP, and in the United States as a full LP (the LP is now the official version). Magical Mystery Tour is the name of the 11-song Album and six-song Double EP by the English rock band The Beatles, first A double Extended play ( double EP) is the name typically given to Vinyl records or CDs released as a set of two discs each of which would
The group spent the early part of 1968 in Rishikesh, Uttar Pradesh, India, studying transcendental meditation with the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Hrishikesh (ऋषिकेश is a city and a Municipal board in Dehradun district in Uttar Pradesh (उत्तर प्रदेश اتر پردیش pronounced, Translation: Northern Province) referred to as '''U India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Transcendental Meditation or TM is the trademarked name of a Meditation technique introduced in 1958 by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi (1917-2008 Maharishi Mahesh Yogi ( January 12, 1917 &ndash February 5 2008) founded and developed the Transcendental Meditation technique and [92] Their time at the Maharishi's ashram was highly productive from a musical standpoint, as many of the songs that would later be recorded for The Beatles (White Album) and Abbey Road were composed there by Lennon, McCartney, and Harrison. An Ashram in ancient India was a Hindu hermitage where sages lived in Peace and tranquility amidst Nature. [92] Upon their return, Lennon and McCartney went to New York to announce the formation of Apple Corps. Apple Corps Ltd is a multi-armed multimedia Corporation founded in January 1968 by British Rock band The Beatles to replace their The middle of 1968 saw the band busy recording the double album The Beatles, popularly known as The White Album because of its plain white cover. These sessions saw deep divisions opening within the band, with Starr temporarily leaving the band. The band carried on, with McCartney recording the drums on the songs "Martha My Dear", "Wild Honey Pie", "Dear Prudence" and "Back in the USSR". " Martha My Dear " is a Beatles song written by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon/McCartney) which first appeared on the double album " Wild Honey Pie " is a short song by The Beatles written by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon/McCartney) and released on The Beatles " Dear Prudence " is a song written by John Lennon, and credited to Lennon/McCartney. " Back in the USSR " is a 1968 song by The Beatles (credited to the song writing partnership Lennon/McCartney but mainly written by Among the other causes of dissension were that Lennon's new girlfriend, Yoko Ono, was at his side through almost all of the sessions, and that the others felt that McCartney was becoming too dominant. born in Tokyo on February 18 1933 is a Japanese Artist and Musician. [93] Internal divisions had been a small but growing problem in the band; most notably, this was reflected in the difficulty that Harrison experienced in getting his songs onto The Beatles albums.
On the business side, McCartney wanted Lee Eastman, the father of his then-girlfriend Linda Eastman, to manage The Beatles, but the other members wanted New York manager Allen Klein. Lee Eastman, born Leopold Vail Epstein, ( 12 January 1910 - 30 July 1991) was a New York Show business attorney Linda Louise McCartney (née Eastman, formerly See, September 24 1941 – April 17 1998 was an American Photographer, Musician and Allen Klein (born December 18, 1931) is a controversial American businessman and record label executive All past Beatles decisions had been unanimous, but this time the four could not agree. Lennon, Harrison and Starr felt the Eastmans would put McCartney's interests before those of the group. In 1971, it was discovered that Klein, who had been appointed manager, had stolen £5 million from The Beatles' holdings. Years later, during the Anthology interviews, McCartney said, "Looking back, I can understand why they would feel that he [Lee Eastman] was biased for me and against them. "
1969–70: Let It Be project and breakup
In January 1969, The Beatles began a film project documenting the making of their next record, originally titled Get Back. The Beatles were one of the most popular and one of the most influential musical groups in history Let It Be is a 1970 film about The Beatles rehearsing and recording songs for the album Let It Be in January 1969 Let It Be is the twelfth and final original album released by The Beatles. During the recording sessions, the band undertook their final live performance on the rooftop of the Apple building at 3 Savile Row, London, on 30 January 1969. Savile Row (ˈsævɪl both vowels short with accent on the first syllable is a shopping street in Mayfair, central London, famous for its traditional men's Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Most of the performance was filmed and later included in the film Let It Be. Let It Be is a 1970 film about The Beatles rehearsing and recording songs for the album Let It Be in January 1969 The project was temporarily shelved, and The Beatles recorded their final album, Abbey Road, in the summer of 1969. Abbey Road is the eleventh official album released by The Beatles. The completion of the song "I Want You (She's So Heavy)" for the album on 20 August 1969 was the last time all four Beatles were together in the same studio. " I Want You (She's So Heavy " is a song by The Beatles, from their album Abbey Road. Events 636 - Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take control of Syria and Palestine Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Lennon announced his departure to the rest of the group on 20 September 1969, but agreed that no announcement was to be publicly made until a number of legal matters were resolved. Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France. Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Their final new song was Harrison's "I Me Mine", recorded 3 January 1970 and released on the Let It Be album. " I Me Mine " is a Beatles song written and sung by George Harrison. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Let It Be is the twelfth and final original album released by The Beatles. It was recorded without Lennon, who was in Denmark at the time. [94]
In March 1970, the Get Back session tapes were given to American producer Phil Spector, who had produced Lennon's solo single "Instant Karma!". Harvey Philip Spector (born December 26 1940) is an American Record producer and Songwriter. " Instant Karma! " was recorded for and is John Lennon 's third solo single on Apple Records. Spector's Wall of Sound production values went against the original intent of the record, which had been to record a stripped-down live performance. The Wall of Sound is a music production technique for pop and rock music recordings developed by Record producer Phil Spector at Gold Star Studios McCartney was deeply dissatisfied with Spector's treatment of "The Long and Winding Road" and unsuccessfully attempted to halt release of Spector's version of the song. " The Long and Winding Road " is a Ballad written by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon/McCartney) that originally appeared on The Beatles McCartney publicly announced the break-up on 10 April 1970, a week before releasing his first solo album, McCartney. Events 879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks. 1407 - the lama Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. McCartney is the first solo album by Paul McCartney and was released in 1970 Pre-release copies included a press release with a self-written interview explaining the end of The Beatles and his hopes for the future. [95] On 8 May 1970 the Spector-produced version of Get Back was released as Let It Be, followed by the documentary film of the same name. Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Beatles' partnership wasn't dissolved until 1975. [96]
1970–present: Post-breakup
Shortly before and after the official dissolution of the group, all four Beatles released solo albums. Some of their albums featured contributions by other former Beatles; Starr's Ringo (1973) was the only one to include compositions and performances by all four, albeit on separate songs. "Ringo" is the third solo Album by Ringo Starr, released in 1973 Harrison showed his socio-political consciousness and earned respect for his contribution for arranging the Concert For Bangladesh in New York City in August 1971 along with sitar maestro Ravi Shankar. The Concert For Bangladesh was the event title for two Benefit concerts organized by George Harrison and Ravi Shankar, held at noon and at 700 p The City of New York Pandit Ravi Shankar ( রবি শংকর Devanagari: रविशंकर "Pandit" ( Sanskrit, "learned" is honorific born April Other than an unreleased jam session in 1974 (later bootlegged as A Toot and a Snore in '74), Lennon and McCartney never recorded together again. A Toot and a Snore in '74 is a rare bootleg Album of the one and only jam session in which John Lennon and Paul McCartney played
In the wake of the expiration in 1975 of The Beatles' contract with EMI-Capitol, the American Capitol label, rushing to cash in on its vast Beatles holdings and freed from the group's creative control, released five LPs: Rock 'n' Roll Music (a compilation of their more uptempo numbers), The Beatles at the Hollywood Bowl (containing portions of two unreleased shows at the Hollywood Bowl), Love Songs (a compilation of their slower numbers), Rarities (a compilation of tracks that either had never been released in the U. The Beatles at the Hollywood Bowl is a Live album released in May 1977 featuring songs by The Beatles compiled from two live performances at the Hollywood Love Songs is a 1977 compilation Album that comprises Love songs recorded by The Beatles between 1962 and 1970 Rarities is a Compilation album released by Capitol Records featuring a selection of songs by The Beatles. S. or had gone out of print), and Reel Music (a compilation of songs from their films). Reel Music is a Compilation album featuring a selection of songs by The Beatles that were featured in their films There was also a non-Capitol-EMI release entitled Live! at the Star-Club in Hamburg, Germany; 1962, which was a recording of a show from the group's early days at the Star Club in Hamburg captured on a poor-quality tape. Live! at the Star-Club in Hamburg Germany 1962 is a Live album featuring a performance by The Beatles at the Star-Club in Hamburg Of all these post-breakup LPs, only the Hollywood Bowl LP had the approval of the group members. Upon the American release of the original British CDs in 1986, these post-breakup Capitol American compilation LPs were deleted from the Capitol catalogue.
John Lennon was shot and killed by Mark David Chapman on 8 December 1980 in New York City. Mark David Chapman (born May 10, 1955 in Fort Worth Texas) is the man who murdered English musician and activist John Lennon Events 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens its reading room the second public library of Europe. Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) In May 1981, George Harrison released "All Those Years Ago"; a single written about Harrison's time with The Beatles. " All Those Years Ago " is a song written by George Harrison, released as a single from the album Somewhere in England. It was recorded the month before Lennon's death, with Starr on drums, and was later overdubbed with new lyrics as a tribute to Lennon. Paul and Linda McCartney later contributed backing vocals to the track. Linda Louise McCartney (née Eastman, formerly See, September 24 1941 – April 17 1998 was an American Photographer, Musician and [97]
In 1988, The Beatles were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame during their first year of eligibility. This is a list of inductees of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is a Museum located on the shores of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland Ohio, United States [98] On the night of their induction, Harrison and Starr appeared to accept their award along with Lennon's widow Yoko Ono and his two sons. McCartney stayed away, issuing a press release citing "unresolved difficulties" with Harrison, Starr and Lennon's estate.
In February 1994, the three surviving Beatles reunited to produce and record additional music for a few of Lennon's home recordings. "Free as a Bird" premiered as part of The Beatles Anthology series of television documentaries and was released as a single in December 1995, with "Real Love" following in March 1996. " Free as a Bird " is a song performed by The Beatles. The Beatles Anthology is the name of a documentary series a series of three albums and a book all of which focus on the history of The Beatles. " Real Love " is a song written by John Lennon. "Real Love" was subsequently reworked by the three remaining members of The Beatles ( Paul McCartney These songs were also included in the three Anthology collections of CDs released in 1995 and 1996, each of which consisted of two CDs of never-before-released Beatles material. Klaus Voormann, who had known The Beatles since their Hamburg days and had previously illustrated the Revolver album cover, directed the Anthology cover concept. Klaus Voormann (born 29 April 1938) is a German Artist, Musician, and Record producer known for his long association with Revolver is the seventh album by English rock band The Beatles, released on 5 August 1966. 450,000 copies of Anthology 1 were sold on its first day of release. Anthology 1 is a Compilation album by The Beatles and the first of a three-volume collection In 2000, the compilation album 1 was released, containing almost every number-one single released by the band from 1962 to 1970. 1 is a Compilation album by The Beatles, released on November 13, 2000. The collection sold 3. 6 million copies in its first week (selling 3 copies a second) and more than 12 million in three weeks worldwide. The collection also reached number one in the United States and 33 other countries, and had sold 25 million copies by 2005 (about the ninth best selling album of all time).
In the late 1990s, George Harrison was diagnosed with lung cancer. Lung cancer is a Disease of uncontrolled Cell growth in tissues of the Lung. He succumbed to the disease on 29 November 2001. Events 1777 - San Jose California, is founded as el Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.
In 2006, George Martin and his son Giles Martin remixed original Beatles recordings to create a soundtrack to accompany Cirque du Soleil's theatrical production Love. Giles Martin (born 9 October 1969) is an English Record producer, Songwriter, and Multi-instrumentalist. Love is a Grammy Award -winning Soundtrack Compilation album of music recorded by The Beatles, released in November 2006 Cirque du Soleil (French for "Circus of the Sun" in English sɜrk duː soʊˈleɪ is an entertainment company Love is a 2006 theatrical production by Cirque du Soleil which combines the re-produced and re-imagined music of The Beatles with an interpretive circus-based In 2007, McCartney and Starr reunited for an interview on Larry King Live to discuss their thoughts on the show. Larry King Live is an American talk show hosted by Larry King on CNN. Beatles widows Yoko Ono and Olivia Harrison also appeared with McCartney and Starr in Las Vegas for the one-year anniversary of Love.
Also in 2007, reports circulated[99] that McCartney was hoping to complete "Now and Then", the third Lennon track the band worked on during the Anthology sessions, as a "Lennon/McCartney composition" by writing new verses, laying down a new drum track recorded by Starr, and utilizing archival recordings of Harrison's guitar work. " Now and Then " (also known as " I Don't Want to Lose You " or " Miss You " is the name given to an unreleased composition by
Lawyers for The Beatles sued on March 21, 2008 to prevent the distribution of unreleased recordings purportedly made during Ringo Starr's first performance with the group in 1962. Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Ringo Starr, MBE (born Richard Starkey on 7 July 1940 is an English Musician, Singer, Songwriter and Actor Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The dispute between Apple Corps Ltd. and Fuego Entertainment Inc. Apple Corps Ltd is a multi-armed multimedia Corporation founded in January 1968 by British Rock band The Beatles to replace their of Miami Lakes stems from recordings apparently made during a performance at the Star Club in Hamburg, Germany. Miami Lakes is an incorporated Town and former Census-designated place in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States For the band see Starclub. The Star-Club was a music club in Hamburg, Germany that opened Friday 13 April Hamburg (English, German: ˈhambʊɐk local pronunciation Low German / Low Saxon: Hamborg) is the second-largest city in Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. [100]
Musical evolution
The Beatles' constant demands to create new sounds on every new recording, combined with George Martin's arranging abilities and the studio expertise of EMI staff engineers such as Norman Smith, Ken Townsend and Geoff Emerick, all played significant parts in the innovative sounds of the albums Rubber Soul (1965), Revolver (1966) and Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (1967). The Beatles influenced the way music was recorded in several ways Norman Smith is a name shared by the following individuals Football players Norman Smith (footballer (1897&ndash1978 English defender during Ken Townsend MBE is a renowned sound Engineer who played an important role at Abbey Road Studios. Geoffrey Emerick (born 1946 in London) is a recording studio Audio engineer, who is best known for his work with the Beatles ' albums Revolver Rubber Soul is the sixth studio album by the English rock band The Beatles. Revolver is the seventh album by English rock band The Beatles, released on 5 August 1966. Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band is the eighth studio album by the British rock band The Beatles.
The Beatles continued to absorb influences long after their initial success, often finding new musical and lyrical avenues by listening to their contemporaries. Among those influences were Bob Dylan, who influenced songs such as "You've Got to Hide Your Love Away" and "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)". Bob Dylan (born Robert Zimmerman, May 24 1941 in Duluth, Minnesota) is an American singer-songwriter author poet and painter who has been a major " You've Got to Hide Your Love Away " is a Song by The Beatles. " Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown " is a song by The Beatles which first appeared on the 1965 album Rubber Soul. Other contemporary influences included the Byrds and the Beach Boys, whose album Pet Sounds was a favourite of McCartney's. The Byrds were a popular American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1964 The Beach Boys is an American rock band Formed in 1961 the group gained popularity for its close vocal harmonies and lyrics reflecting a California Youth culture Pet Sounds is a 1966 album recorded by American pop group The Beach Boys. [101] Beatles producer George Martin stated that "Without Pet Sounds, Sgt. Sir George Henry Martin CBE (3 January 1926 is a British record producer arranger and Composer. Pepper wouldn't have happened. . . Pepper was an attempt to equal Pet Sounds. "[102] After Sgt. Pepper was released, Beach Boys' leader Brian Wilson was so despondent that he went to bed for months. Brian Douglas Wilson (born June 20, 1942 in Hawthorne, California) is an American Musician best known as the lead [103] Lennon also named Elvis Presley as a spark that interested himself in music:
It was Elvis who really got me buying records. I thought that early stuff of his was great. The Bill Haley era passed me by, in a way. This article is specifically about the singer For detailed information about his rock and roll group see Bill Haley & His Comets. When his records came on the wireless, my mother used to hear them, but they didn’t do anything for me. It was Elvis who got me hooked on beat music. When I heard 'Heartbreak Hotel', I thought ‘this is it’ and I started to grow sideboards and all that gear. " Heartbreak Hotel " is a Rock and roll song performed by Elvis Presley, with Bill Black ( bass) Scotty Moore ( . . . "[104]
Along with studio tricks such as sound effects, unconventional microphone placements, tape loops, double tracking and vari-speed recording, The Beatles began to augment their recordings with instruments that were unconventional for rock music at the time. For the album by The Jam see Sound Affects. Sound effects or audio effects are artificially created or enhanced Sounds Tape loops are loops of prerecorded Magnetic tape used to create repetitive rhythmic musical patterns or dense layers of sound Doubletracking is an Audio recording technique in which a performer sings or plays along with their own prerecorded performance usually to produce a stronger or "bigger" A variable speed pitch control (or vari-speed) is a control on an audio device such as a turntable, Reel-to-reel, tape deck or CD These included string and brass ensembles as well as Indian instruments such as the sitar as in "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)" and the swarmandel as in "Strawberry Fields Forever". The sitar ( Hindi: सितार Urdu: ستار Persian: سی تار) is a Plucked stringed instrument. " Strawberry Fields Forever " is a song by the English rock band The Beatles. They also used early electronic instruments such as the Mellotron, with which McCartney supplied the flute voices on the intro to "Strawberry Fields Forever", and the ondioline, an electronic keyboard that created the unusual oboe-like sound on "Baby You're a Rich Man". The Mellotron is an electro-mechanical polyphonic keyboard originally developed and built in Birmingham, England in the early 1960s The flute is a Musical instrument of the Woodwind family Unlike other woodwind instruments a flute is a Reedless wind instrument that produces its The Ondioline was a Vacuum tube -powered Keyboard instrument, invented in 1941 by the Frenchman Georges Jenny, and was a forerunner of today's " Baby You're a Rich Man " is a song by The Beatles recorded on 11 May 1967 at Olympic Sound Studios, the first song by the band
Beginning with the use of a string quartet (arranged by George Martin with input from McCartney) on "Yesterday" in 1965, The Beatles pioneered a modern form of art song, exemplified by the double-quartet string arrangement on "Eleanor Rigby" (1966), "Here, There and Everywhere" (1966) and "She's Leaving Home" (1967). " Yesterday " is a pop song originally recorded by The Beatles for their 1965 album Help!. Art rock is a term describing a subgenre of Rock music that tends to have "experimental or avant-garde influences" and emphasizes "novel sonic texture " Eleanor Rigsby " is a song by The Beatles, originally released on the 1966 Album Revolver. " Here There and Everywhere " is a song largely written by Paul McCartney (though credited to Lennon/McCartney) recorded for The Beatles " She's Leaving Home " is a song written and by Paul McCartney and John Lennon, and released in 1967 on The Beatles album Sgt A televised performance of Bach's Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 directly inspired McCartney's use of a piccolo trumpet on the arrangement of "Penny Lane". WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section.2 This article is written in British English including maximised use of "-ise" The Brandenburg concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach ( BWV 1046&ndash1051 original title Six Concerts Avec plusieurs Instruments) are a The smallest of the Trumpet family is the piccolo trumpet. The most common of these instruments are built to play in both B-flat and A with separate leadpipes for each key " Penny Lane " is a song by The Beatles, written by Paul McCartney, recorded during the Sgt The Beatles moved towards psychedelia with "Rain" and "Tomorrow Never Knows" from 1966, and "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds", "Strawberry Fields Forever" and "I Am the Walrus" from 1967. Psychedelic rock is a style of Rock music that attempts to replicate the mind-altering experiences of hallucinogenic drugs. " Rain " is a song by the British rock band The Beatles, credited to Lennon/McCartney. " Tomorrow Never Knows " is the final track of The Beatles ' 1966 studio album Revolver. Disambiguation Lucy in the Sky redirects here For the heroine of this name see Karolina Dean. " Strawberry Fields Forever " is a song by the English rock band The Beatles. " I Am the Walrus " is a 1967 song by The Beatles, written by John Lennon and credited to Lennon/McCartney.
On film
The Beatles appeared in several films, all of which featured associated soundtrack albums. The Beatles appeared in five motion pictures most of which were very well received A soundtrack album is any Album that incorporates music directly recorded from the soundtrack of a particular Feature film. The band played themselves in two films directed by Richard Lester, A Hard Day's Night (1964) and Help! (1965). Richard Lester (born January 19, 1932) is a British -based Film director famous for his work with The Beatles in the 1960s A Hard Day's Night is a 1964 British Comedy film written by Alun Owen starring The Beatles — John Lennon, Paul McCartney Help! is a 1965 film starring The Beatles and featuring Leo McKern, Eleanor Bron, Victor Spinetti, John Bluthal, Roy The group produced and starred in the hour-long television movie Magical Mystery Tour (1967), while the documentary Let It Be (released 1970) followed the rehearsals and recording sessions for the early 1969 Get Back project and won the Academy Award in 1971 for Best Original Song Score. Magical Mystery Tour is an hour-long television film starring The Beatles ( John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison Let It Be is a 1970 film about The Beatles rehearsing and recording songs for the album Let It Be in January 1969 Let It Be is the twelfth and final original album released by The Beatles. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. In addition, the psychedelic animated film Yellow Submarine (1968) followed the adventures of a cartoon version of the band; the members did not provide their own voices, appearing only in a brief live-action epilogue. The bouncing ball animation (below consists of these 6 frames Yellow Submarine is a 1968 animated Feature film based on the music of The Beatles.
During 1965-1969, the Beatles were the subject of a Saturday morning cartoon series, The Beatles, which loosely continued the kind of slapstick antics of A Hard Day's Night. The Beatles was an American Animated television series featuring the fanciful and musical misadventures of the extraordinarily popular British Two Beatles songs were played in each half-hour show, with the Beatles' cartoon counterparts "lip-synching" the actual Beatles recordings. Some of the song performances, such as those from A Hard Day's Night, appeared to have been rotoscoped. Rotoscoping is an Animation technique in which Animators trace over live-action film movement frame by frame for use in Animated films Originally The regular speaking voices of the characters were not supplied by the Beatles themselves, but rather by voice artists Paul Frees and Lance Percival. Paul Frees ( June 22, 1920 - November 2, 1986) was an American Voice actor and Character actor. Lance Percival (born 26 July 1933, Sevenoaks, Kent) is an English Actor, Comedian and after-dinner speaker [105]
Achievements
- The Beatles are the world's best-selling musical group of all time, selling over a billion records worldwide. [106]
- The Beatles have had more number one albums (15) than any other group in UK chart history. [107]
- The Beatles broke television ratings records in the U. S. with their first appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show with over 73 million people viewing. [108]
Influence on popular culture
Radio
The arrival of The Beatles is seen in radio as a touchstone in music signalling an end to the rock-and-roll era of the 1950s. The Beatles ' influence on rock music and popular culture was&mdashand remains&mdashimmense Program Directors like Rick Sklar of WABC in New York went as far as forbidding DJs from playing any "pre-Beatles" music. Rick Sklar (born c 1930 died June 22, 1992) was an American radio Program director, who while at New York City 's WABC [109]
Recreational drug use
In Hamburg, The Beatles used "prellies" (Preludin) both recreationally and to maintain their energy through all-night performances. Phenmetrazine is a Stimulant of the central nervous system It was previously sold under the trade name Preludin as an Anorectic. [110] McCartney would usually take one, but Lennon would often take four or five. [110] Bob Dylan introduced them to cannabis during a 1964 visit to New York. Bob Dylan (born Robert Zimmerman, May 24 1941 in Duluth, Minnesota) is an American singer-songwriter author poet and painter who has been a major Cannabis, also known as marijuana or marihuana, or ganja (from Hindi / Sanskrit: गांजा gānjā hemp) is a New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous [111] McCartney remembered them all getting "very high" and giggling. [112] The Beatles occasionally smoked a joint in the car on the way to the studio during the filming of Help!, which often made them forget their lines. Joint is slang for a Cigarette rolled using cannabis. Usually Rolling papers (mostly made by subsidiaries of major tobacco Help! is a 1965 film starring The Beatles and featuring Leo McKern, Eleanor Bron, Victor Spinetti, John Bluthal, Roy [113]
In April 1965, Lennon and Harrison were introduced to LSD by an acquaintance, dentist John Riley, who slipped some into their coffees. CoFFEE is an Open source Software for computer supported collaborative learning (CSCL in a digital classroom [114] Lennon in particular became an avid "tripper", claiming in a 1970 interview in Rolling Stone to have taken LSD hundreds of times. McCartney was more reluctant to try the drug, but finally did so in 1966 and was the first Beatle to talk about it in the press, saying in June 1967 that he took it four times.
The Beatles added their names to an advertisement in The Times, on 24 July 1967, which asked for the legalisation of cannabis, the release of all prisoners imprisoned because of possession, and research into marijuana's medical uses. Advertising is a form of Communication that typically attempts to persuade potential Customers to Purchase or to consume more of a particular Brand The Times is a daily national Newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. The advertisement was sponsored by a group called Soma, and was signed by 65 people, including Brian Epstein, Graham Greene, R.D. Laing, 15 doctors, and two MPs. NEMS Enterprises defaults here For the Latin American record label see NEMS Enterprises (label. Henry Graham Greene OM, CH (2 October 1904 &ndash 3 April 1991 was an English writer best known as a novelist but who also produced Short stories Ronald David Laing ( 7 October 1927 – 23 August 1989 was a Scottish Psychiatrist who wrote extensively on Mental illness A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. [115]
Discography
- Further information: List of Beatles songs by singer, The Beatles record sales, worldwide charts, and The Beatles bootlegs
Song catalogue
In 1963 Lennon and McCartney agreed to assign their song publishing rights to Northern Songs, a company created by music publisher Dick James. The Beatles released twelve original Albums twelve EPs (mainly consisting of material also available on their albums one Double EP, and twenty-two The following is a sortable table of all songs by The Beatles: The column Title list the song title Northern Songs Ltd is a company founded in 1963 by music publisher Dick James, Brian Epstein, and The Beatles to publish songs Northern Songs Ltd is a company founded in 1963 by music publisher Dick James, Brian Epstein, and The Beatles to publish songs Dick James (born Reginald Leon Isaac Vapnick, 12 December 1920, in East End, London &mdash died 1 February 1986) [116] The company was administered by James' own company Dick James Music. Dick James (born Reginald Leon Isaac Vapnick, 12 December 1920, in East End, London &mdash died 1 February 1986) Northern Songs went public in 1965, with Lennon and McCartney each holding 15% of the company's shares Dick James and the company's chairman, Charles Silver, held a controlling 37. 5%. In 1969, following a failed attempt by Lennon and McCartney to buy the company, James and Silver sold Northern Songs to British TV company Associated TeleVision (ATV), from which Lennon and McCartney received stock. Associated TeleVision Limited, best known simply as ATV, was a British ITV company from 1955 until 1981
In 1985, after a short period in which the parent company was owned by Australian business magnate Robert Holmes à Court, ATV Music was sold to Michael Jackson for a reported $47 million[117] (trumping a joint bid by McCartney and Yoko Ono), including the publishing rights to over 200 songs composed by Lennon and McCartney. Associated TeleVision Limited, best known simply as ATV, was a British ITV company from 1955 until 1981 Michael Joseph Jackson (born August 29 1958 is an American musician entertainer and businessman born in Tokyo on February 18 1933 is a Japanese Artist and Musician. This article deals with contemporary Popular music publishing
A decade later Jackson and Sony merged its music publishing businesses. is a multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest Media conglomerates with [117] Since 1995, Jackson and Sony/ATV Music Publishing have jointly owned most of the Lennon-McCartney songs recorded by The Beatles. Sony/ATV Music Publishing LLC is one of the world's largest music publishing companies Meanwhile, Lennon's estate and McCartney still receive their respective songwriter shares of the royalties. (Despite his ownership of most of the Lennon-McCartney publishing, Jackson has only recorded one Lennon-McCartney composition himself, "Come Together" which was featured in his film Moonwalker and HIStory album)
Although the Jackson-Sony catalogue includes most of The Beatles' greatest hits, four of their earliest songs had been published by one of EMI's publishing companies prior to Lennon and McCartney signing with Dick James — and McCartney later succeeded in personally acquiring the publishing rights to "Love Me Do", "Please Please Me", "P.S. I Love You" and "Ask Me Why" from EMI. " Come Together " is a song by The Beatles written primarily by John Lennon and credited to Lennon/McCartney. Moonwalker, also known as Michael Jackson Moonwalker, is a Film released in 1988 by Singer Michael Jackson. History is the study of the past particularly the written record Those who study history as a Profession are called Historians Etymology The EMI Group is a British music company comprising the major record company EMI Music – which operates several labels and is based in Kensington in " Love Me Do " is an early Lennon/McCartney song principally written by Paul McCartney in 1958&ndash59 while playing truant from school Please Please Me is the first album recorded by The Beatles, rush-released on March 22, 1963 in the United Kingdom to capitalise " PS I Love You " is a song composed principally by Paul McCartney credited to McCartney-Lennon which was first recorded by the The Beatles and released on " Ask Me Why " is a song by The Beatles originally released in the United Kingdom as the B-side of their hit single " Please Please
Harrison and Starr did not renew their songwriting contracts with Northern Songs in 1968, signing with Apple Publishing instead. Apple Corps Ltd is a multi-armed multimedia Corporation founded in January 1968 by British Rock band The Beatles to replace their Harrison later created Harrisongs, which still owns the rights to his post-1967 songs such as "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" and "Something". Harrisongs Ltd is a music publishing company founded by Musician and Songwriter George Harrison, a member of The Beatles. " While My Guitar Gently Weeps " is a rock Ballad written by George Harrison for The Beatles on their Double album " Something " is a single released by The Beatles in 1969 and featured on the album Abbey Road. Starr also created his own company, called Startling Music. Startling Music is a music publishing company founded by musician Ringo Starr, drummer of The Beatles. It holds the rights to his two post-1967 songs recorded by The Beatles, "Don't Pass Me By" and "Octopus's Garden". " Don't Pass Me By " is a song by The Beatles from the double album The Beatles (also known as the White Album) " Octopus's Garden " is a song written by Ringo Starr with a little help from George Harrison (although it is credited solely to Starr as "Starkey"
The Beatles are one of the few major artists who have not released their recorded catalogue through online music services (for example, iTunes and Napster). The iTunes Store is a software-based online Digital media store operated by Apple Inc Napster was an online music file sharing service created by Shawn Fanning while he was attending Northeastern University in Boston and operating Apple Corp's dispute with Apple, Inc. (the owners of iTunes) over the use of the name "Apple" has played a particular part in this. Between 1978 and 2006 there was a number of legal disputes between Apple Corps (owned by The Beatles) and the computer manufacturer Apple Computer An uneasy truce between the two companies broke when Apple Computers opened the iTunes Store, after which Apple Corp sued Apple, Inc. The iTunes Store is a software-based online Digital media store operated by Apple Inc This was resolved in February 2007, with Apple Computer owning the Apple name but licensing it back to Apple Records. Following the resolution, several solo albums by Lennon and McCartney were released to the iTunes Music Store. As of November 2007, all of the band members' solo catalogues have been released on iTunes.
Studio albums
- Please Please Me (Parlophone, 1963)
- With the Beatles (Parlophone, 1963)
- A Hard Day's Night (Parlophone, 1964)
- Beatles for Sale (Parlophone, 1964)
- Help! (Parlophone, 1965)
- Rubber Soul (Parlophone, 1965)
- Revolver (Parlophone, 1966)
- Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (Parlophone, 1967)
- Magical Mystery Tour (U. Please Please Me is the first album recorded by The Beatles, rush-released on March 22, 1963 in the United Kingdom to capitalise With The Beatles is The Beatles ' second UK album recorded four months after the band's first album and released on 22 November, 1963 A Hard Day's Night is the third album by The Beatles, released in the UK on 10 July 1964 as the Soundtrack to their first Beatles for Sale is The Beatles ' fourth album released in late 1964 and produced by George Martin for Parlophone. Help! is the fifth album by The Beatles, and the soundtrack album from their film of the same name. Rubber Soul is the sixth studio album by the English rock band The Beatles. Revolver is the seventh album by English rock band The Beatles, released on 5 August 1966. Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band is the eighth studio album by the British rock band The Beatles. Magical Mystery Tour is the name of the 11-song Album and six-song Double EP by the English rock band The Beatles, first S. only. Released as a Double EP in the UK) (Capitol, 1967)
- The Beatles ("The White Album") (Apple, 1968)
- Yellow Submarine (Apple, 1969)
- Abbey Road (Apple, 1969)
- Let It Be (Apple, 1970)
CD releases
In 1987, EMI released all of The Beatles' studio albums on CD worldwide. Yellow Submarine is a soundtrack album released by The Beatles corresponding with the film of the same name. Abbey Road is the eleventh official album released by The Beatles. Let It Be is the twelfth and final original album released by The Beatles. The Beatles released twelve original Albums twelve EPs (mainly consisting of material also available on their albums one Double EP, and twenty-two A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an Optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio Apple Corps decided to standardize The Beatles catalogue throughout the world. They chose to release the twelve original studio albums as released in the United Kingdom, as well as the Magical Mystery Tour U. S. album, which had been released as a shorter Double EP in the UK. All of the remaining Beatles material from the singles and EPs from 1962–1970 which had not been issued on the original British studio albums were gathered on the Past Masters double album compilation:
- Past Masters, Volume One (1988)
- Past Masters, Volume Two (1988)
The U. Past Masters Volume One is a compilation album by the The Beatles released on Compact disc in 1988 Past Masters Volume Two is a compilation album by The Beatles released on Compact disc in 1988 S. album configurations from 1964-65 were released as box sets in 2004 and 2006 (The Capitol Albums Volume 1 and Volume 2 respectively); these included both stereo and mono versions based on the mixes that were prepared for vinyl at the time of their original 1960s releases in the United States. The Capitol Albums Volume 1 is a Box set compilation comprising The Beatles ' 1964 American Capitol Records releases The Capitol Albums Volume 2 is a Box set compilation comprised of The Beatles ' 1965 American Capitol Records releases
See also
- The Beatles' line-ups
- The Beatles' London
- The Beatles' influence on music recording
- The Beatles' influence on popular culture
- The Beatles' instrumentation
- The Beatles' characters
- List of best-selling music artists
- List of artists who have covered the Beatles
Notes
- ^ 1960-1969. This is a list of the line-ups of The Beatles and the individual members' bands The Songwriting partnership of John Lennon and Paul McCartney, usually referred to as Lennon/McCartney, is one of the best-known and The Beatles influenced the way music was recorded in several ways The Beatles ' influence on rock music and popular culture was&mdashand remains&mdashimmense The Beatles started out like most other rock and roll bands employing a standard guitars/bass/drums instrumentation When adding to this page please ensure that your claims are sourced This is a list of Music artists who have covered one or more songs originally recorded by the English pop band The Beatles. EMI Group Ltd. . Retrieved on 2008-05-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt.
- ^ The American Recording Industry Announces its Artists of the Century. Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) (10 Nov 1999). Retrieved on 2007-06-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire.
- ^ Unterberger. The Beatles Overview. Macrovision Corp. Retrieved on 2008-05-30. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 93.
- ^ O'Brien (2001), p. 12.
- ^ Miles (1998), p. 47.
- ^ Spitz (2005), pp. 126–127.
- ^ a b Coleman (1984), p. 212.
- ^ Lennon (2006), p. 66.
- ^ Lennon (2006), p. 65.
- ^ Davies (1985), p. 42.
- ^ O'Brien (2001), p. 22.
- ^ Spitz (2005), pp. 188–193.
- ^ Lewisohn (1992), p. 92.
- ^ Ray (1984), p. 213.
- ^ Lewisohn (1992), p. 215
- ^ From Blackjacks to Beatles: How the Fab Four Evolved. Retrieved on 2006-06-21. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce.
- ^ Lennon (2006), p. 93.
- ^ Lewisohn (1992), p. 24.
- ^ Spitz (2005), pp. 4–5.
- ^ Lennon (2006), p. 97.
- ^ Lewisohn (1996), p. 42
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 250.
- ^ Palowski (1989), p. 64.
- ^ Lewisohn (1992), p. 25.
- ^ Miles (1998), p. 74. It was Astrid Kirchherr who shot the famous black and white headshots, but contrary to popular belief, did not invent the distinctive haircut of the group
- ^ Miles (1998), p. 85.
- ^ Miles (1998), p. 88.
- ^ The Beatles (2000), p. 68
- ^ Coleman (1989), p. 88–89.
- ^ Coleman (1989), pp. 93–94.
- ^ Lewisohn (1996), p. 69
- ^ Lennon (2006), p. 109.
- ^ Miles (1997), p. 90.
- ^ Davies (1985), p. 178.
- ^ a b Spitz (2005), p. 318.
- ^ Spitz (2005), pp. 318–319.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 322.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 330.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 328.
- ^ Lu Walters' recording session Retrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. 353.
- ^ a b [1] Mirror of "Beatles History: 1962" at Beatles Discography. Retrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ Love Me Do Retrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ Harry (2000), p. Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. 516.
- ^ William Mann essay
- ^ a b Pedler (2003), p. 123.
- ^ JPGR Retrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ The Beatles on Vee Jay Records. Retrieved on August 19, 2006. Retrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 461.
- ^ JPGR I Want to Hold Your Hand releaseRetrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ I Want to Hold Your Hand Retrieved: 29 January 2007.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 457.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 458.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 459.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 462.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 464.
- ^ Kozinn, Alan. "Critic's Notebook; They Came, They Sang, They Conquered". The New York Times. 6 February 2004. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Retrieved on 4 June 2008. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 473.
- ^ Harry, Bill (2000). The Beatles Encyclopedia: Revised and Updated.
- ^ Rare Beatles Retrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ Ficher, P. and Seamark, K. H. (2005). Vintage Adelaide. East Street Publications, 70–71. ISBN 1-921037-06-7.
- ^ Beatles in New Zealand Retrieved: 11 July 2007
- ^ Sarris, Andrew (2004). "A Hard Day's Night", in Elizabeth Thomson, David Gutman: The Lennon Companion. New York: Da Capo Press. ISBN 0306812703.
- ^ Schickel, Richard, Corliss, Richard (2007-02-19). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum ALL-TIME 100 MOVIES. TIME. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Retrieved on 2008-02-27. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 556.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 557.
- ^ http://www.napierchronicles.co.uk/1965.htm Napier Chronicles] Retrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ The Beatles Off The Record. London: Omnibus Press, p. 193. ISBN 0-7119-798-5-5
- ^ Allmusic Rubber Soul review. Retrieved on 2007-06-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 619.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 620.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 623.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 624.
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. 625.
- ^ "The John Lennon I Knew" from The Telegraph, 5 October 2006. Events 869 - The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to decide about what to do about Patriarch Photius of Constantinople Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ Cleave, Maureen (1966). "How Does a Beatle Live? John Lennon Lives Like This". London Evening Standard 4 March 1966. The London Evening Standard is an English Tabloid regional local newspaper published and sold in London and surrounding areas of southeast Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar.
- ^ Blecha, Peter (2004). Taboo Tunes: A History of Banned Bands & Censored Songs. Backbeat, 181. ISBN 0-087930-792-7.
- ^ a b c Miles (1998), pp. 293-295.
- ^ The Beatles Story, Liverpool. But see also http://www.eskimo.com/~bpentium/whobutch.html
- ^ Gaffney, Dennis, The Beatles' "Butcher" Cover, <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/roadshow/series/highlights/2004/chicago/follow1_2.html>. Retrieved on 6 September 2007
- ^ Peter Guralnick, Careless Love: The Unmaking of Elvis Presley, p420.
- ^ Guralnick, Careless Love, p426. On Presley badmouthing The Beatles to President Nixon, see also Geoffrey Giuliano and Vmda Devi, Glass Onion: The Beatles in Their Own Words-Exclusive Interviews With John, Paul, George, Ringo and Their Inner Circle (1999)
- ^ CNN. com Elvis is still everywhere August 16, 2002. Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. [2]
- ^ Sounes, Howard, Down the Highway: The Life of Bob Dylan (Doubleday 2001; ISBN 0-55299929-6) p203
- ^ ”The Beatles Anthology” DVD 2003 (Episode 6 - 0:21:34) McCartney talking about Candlestick Park.
- ^ Barrow, Tony. John, Paul, George, Ringo & Me. ISBN 1-86200-238-X
- ^ Miles (1998), p. 354.
- ^ Beatles in Bangor bbc. co. uk 16 November, 2006. Retrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ Miles (1998), p. 396.
- ^ Magical Mystery Tour Retrieved: 2 July 2007
- ^ a b Miles (1998), p. 397.
- ^ Spitz (2005), pp. 777–779.
- ^ Mark Lewisohn. The Beatles and related subjects Over the course of his career Mark Lewisohn has worked for EMI, MPL Communications and Apple, and has written many reference The Beatles Box Set booklet
- ^ Spitz (2005), p. The Beatles Box Set is the first complete set of original Beatles material released by EMI and Capitol in digital format 853.
- ^ The Beatles' partnership was legally dissolved in 1975 bbc. co. uk Retrieved: 26 January 2007
- ^ Badman, Keith (1999). The Beatles After the Breakup 1970-2000: A day-by-day diary. London: Omnibus Press, 284. ISBN 0-7119-7520-5.
- ^ Hall of Fame Retrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ McCartney plans last "great" song
- ^ Early Beatles recordings trigger legal fight - CNN.com
- ^ Miles (1998), pp. 280–281.
- ^ Brian Wilson :: Official Web Site
- ^ Jones, Chris (07 Nov 2003). Brian Wilson: Smile (English). British Broadcasting Company. Retrieved on 2008-04-21. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 753 BC - Romulus and Remus found Rome ( traditional date)
- ^ Ze King and I: John Lennon and Elvis Presley (English). Retrieved on 2008-04-21. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 753 BC - Romulus and Remus found Rome ( traditional date)
- ^ Alex McNeil, Total Television, 1996, Penguin Books, p. 82.
- ^ http://uktv.co.uk/history/gallery/aid/601378/multipageid/5823 The Beatles' First Recording
- ^ http://www.licensing.biz/brand-profiles/16/The-Beatles The Beatles
- ^ It Was 40 Years Ago Today: Beatles Win Grammy for Decades of Inspiration. Business Wire, Feb 9, 2004.
- ^ Fisher, Marc. Something in the Air. Random House, 198. ISBN 978-0-375-50907-0.
- ^ a b Miles (1998), pp. 66–67.
- ^ Miles (1998), p. 185.
- ^ Miles (1998), pp. 188–189.
- ^ Miles (1998), p. 198.
- ^ Independent.co.uk Retrieved: 08 March 2007
- ^ Paul McCartney’s arrest in Japan Retrieved: 29 January 2007
- ^ The Beatles' Companies. Rockmine Archives. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year
- ^ a b Michael Jackson Sells Rights to Beatles Songs to Sony. Associated Press (8 Nov 1995). Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year
References
- Coleman, Ray (1989). Brian Epstein: The Man Who Made The Beatles. Viking. ISBN 0-670-81474-1.
- Coleman, Ray (1984). Lennon: The Definitive Biography. New York: Pan Books. Pan Books is an Imprint which first became active in the 1940s and is now part of the British-based Macmillan Publishers owned by German publishers ISBN 0-060-98608-5.
- Davies, Hunter (1985). Hunter Davies (born 7 January 1936) is a prolific British Author, Journalist and broadcaster, perhaps best known for writing The Beatles. McGraw-Hill. The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc, ( is a Publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. ISBN 0-070-15463-5.
- Harry, Bill (2000). The Ultimate Beatles Encyclopedia. MJF Books. ISBN 1-567-31403-1.
- Lennon, Cynthia (2006). Cynthia Lennon (née Powell) (born 10 September 1939 in Blackpool, Lancashire, England is the former wife of John Lennon. John. Hodder & Stoughton. Hodder & Stoughton is a British publishing house now an Imprint of Hodder Headline. ISBN 0-340-89828-3.
- Lewisohn, Mark (1992). The Beatles and related subjects Over the course of his career Mark Lewisohn has worked for EMI, MPL Communications and Apple, and has written many reference The Complete Beatles Recording Sessions: The Official Story of the Abbey Road Years. Hamlyn. ISBN 0-681-03189-1.
- Lewisohn, Mark (1996). The Beatles and related subjects Over the course of his career Mark Lewisohn has worked for EMI, MPL Communications and Apple, and has written many reference The Complete Beatles Chronicle. Chronicle Press. ISBN 1-85152-975-6.
- Miles, Barry (1998). Barry Miles (or " Miles " (born 1943 in Cirencester, England) is an Author who has written biographies of Paul McCartney, Many Years from Now. Paul McCartney Many Years from Now is a 1997 Biography of Paul McCartney by Barry Miles. Vintage-Random House. Vintage Books was founded in 1954 by Alfred A Knopf as a trade Paperback home for its authors Random House Inc is the world's largest English-language general trade book publisher ISBN 0-749-38658-4.
- O'Brien, Ray (2001). There are Places I'll Remember 1. London: Ray O'Brien. ISBN 0-954-44730-1.
- Pedler, Dominic (2003). The Songwriting Secrets of The Beatles. Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-7119-8167-1.
- Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles. Little Brown. ISBN 0-316-80352-9.
- Kevin Godley (director). (1995). The Beatles Anthology [DVD]. Apple Records. Apple Records is a record label founded by The Beatles in 1968 as a division of Apple Corps Ltd.
Further reading
- Astley, John (2006). Why Don't We Do It In The Road? The Beatles Phenomenon. The Company of Writers. ISBN 0-9551834-7-2.
- Lennon, John; Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Ringo Starr (2000). The Beatles Anthology. Chronicle Books. ISBN 0-811-82684-8.
- Bramwell, Tony (2005). Magical Mystery Tours. St. Martin's Press. St Martin's Press is a book publisher headquartered in the iconic Flatiron Building in New York City. ISBN 0-312-33043-X.
- Braun, Michael (1964). Love Me Do: The Beatles' Progress, 1995 Reprint, London: Penguin Books. Penguin Books is a British Publisher founded in 1935 by Allen Lane. ISBN 0-14-002278-3.
- Carr, Roy; Tyler, Tony (1975). The Beatles: An Illustrated Record. Harmony Books. ISBN 0-517-52045-1.
- Cross, Craig (2005). The Beatles: Day by Day, Song by Song, Record by Record. iUniverse. ISBN 0-595-34663-4.
- Dimery, Martin (2002). Being John Lennon. SAF books. ISBN 0-946719-43-8.
- Emerick, Geoff; Massey, Howard Chiu (2006). Geoffrey Emerick (born 1946 in London) is a recording studio Audio engineer, who is best known for his work with the Beatles ' albums Revolver Here, There and Everywhere: My Life Recording the Music of The Beatles. Gotham Books. ISBN 1-59240-179-1.
- Kirchherr, Astrid; Voorman, Klaus (1999). Astrid Kirchherr (born 20 May 1938 is a German Photographer and Artist and is well known for her association with the Beatles (along with her Klaus Voormann (born 29 April 1938) is a German Artist, Musician, and Record producer known for his long association with Hamburg Days. Genesis Publications. Genesis Publications Limited is a British publishing company founded in 1974 by Brian Roylance a former student of the London College of Printing ISBN 0-904351-73-4. Chronicles The Beatles early years spent performing at Hamburg's Kaiserkeller, Top Ten Club, and the Star Club, 1960-1962. With Foreword by George Harrison and Afterword by Paul McCartney. George Harrison, MBE (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001 was an English rock Guitarist Singer - Songwriter, Author Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE (born 18 June 1942 is an English rock Singer, Bass guitarist songwriter Composer,
- MacDonald, Ian (1995). Ian MacCormick ( October 3, 1948 – August 20, 2003) who wrote under the Pseudonym Ian MacDonald, was a British Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties. Vintage. ISBN 0-7126-6697-4.
- Mansfield, Ken (2007). Ken Mansfield is a Grammy Award-winning record producer former U The White Book. Thomas Nelson. ISBN 1-5955-5101-6.
- Martin, George (1994). Sir George Henry Martin CBE (3 January 1926 is a British record producer arranger and Composer. Summer of Love: The Making of Sgt. Pepper. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-60398-2.
- Norman, Philip (1997). Shout: The Beatles in Their Generation. MJF Books. ISBN 1-56731-087-7.
- Palowski, Gareth (1989). How They Became the Beatles. Plume. ISBN 9780-45226506-6.
- Porter, Alan J (2003). Alan J Porter (born in Sale Greater Manchester, England in October 1959 now resident in central Texas) is a writer on popular culture with articles published Before They Were Beatles: The Early Years 1956–1960. Xlibris. ISBN 1-4134-3056-2.
- Ryan, Kevin; Kehew, Brian (2006). Brian Kehew is a Los Angeles -based musician and music producer. Recording The Beatles: The Studio Equipment and Techniques Used to Create Their Classic Albums. Houston: Curvebender Publishing. ISBN 0-9785200-0-9.
- Schaffner, Nicholas (1977). The Beatles Forever. Cameron House. ISBN 0-8117-0225-1.
- Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography. Little Brown. ISBN 0-316-80352-9.
- Turner, Steve (2005). Steve Turner (born 1949 is an English Music Journalist, Biographer and Poet. A Hard Day's Write: The Stories Behind Every Beatles Song, 3rd ed. , New York: Harper Paperbacks. ISBN 0-06-084409-4. Discusses the inspiration for or interprets every Beatles song.
External links
- The Beatles Official site
- The Beatles Interviews Database
- The Beatles at Last.fm
- The Beatles songs in the Charts
- The Beatles discography at MusicBrainz
Lastfm is a UK -based Internet radio and Music Community website, founded in 2002 MusicBrainz is a project that aims to create an Open content Music database
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