| Tango | |
| Stylistic origins | |
|---|---|
| Cultural origins | |
| Typical instruments | |
| Mainstream popularity | Major, became a craze in Europe and North America in 1930s and 40s |
| Subgenres | |
| Neotango - Tango-canción - Tango nuevo | |
| Fusion genres | |
| Tango-rock | |
| Regional scenes | |
| Dodompa (Japanese tango) - Easter Island | |
| Other topics | |
| Dance - Maxixe (Brazilian tango) - Record labels | |
Tango is a style of music that originated among European immigrant populations of Argentina and Uruguay. The polka is a fast lively Central European Dance and also a genre of dance music familiar throughout Europe and the Americas Milonga can refer to an Argentine, Uruguayan, and Southern Brazilian form of Music which preceeded the tango and the dance form which The habanera is a musical style or genre from Cuba with a characteristic "Habanera rhythm" it is one of the oldest mainstays of Cuban music and the first Flamenco is a Spanish term that refers both to a musical genre known for its intricate rapid passages and a dance genre characterized by its audible footwork The mazurka is a stylized Polish Folk dance in Triple meter with a lively tempo that has a heavy accent on the third or second beat Contra dance (also contradance, contra-dance and other variant spellings refers to several Folk dance styles in which couples dance in two facing lines The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. The violin is a bowed String instrument with four strings usually tuned in Perfect fifths It is the smallest and highest-pitched member The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles The flute is a Musical instrument of the Woodwind family Unlike other woodwind instruments a flute is a Reedless wind instrument that produces its The bandoneón is a Free-reed instrument particularly popular in Argentina. The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. The 1940s decade ran from 1940 to 1949 Events and trends The 1940s was a period between the radical 1930s and the conservative 1950s which also leads the period to be Astor Piazzolla 1975png|thumb|left|the musical father of "nuevo tango" Bandoneón virtuoso Ástor Piazzolla. Astor Piazzolla 1975png|thumb|left|the musical father of "nuevo tango" Bandoneón virtuoso Ástor Piazzolla. Tango is a Musical genre and its associated dance forms that originated in Buenos Aires, Argentina and Montevideo, Uruguay and The maxixe ( pron. maˈʃiʃi occasionally known as the Brazilian tango, is a dance with its accompanying music that originated in the Brazilian city See also Tango music For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Uruguay.(official full name in República Oriental del Uruguay;, Oriental Republic of Uruguay) is a country located in the southeastern part of South America It is traditionally played by a sextet, known as the orquesta típica, which includes two violins, piano, doublebass, and two bandoneons. Orquesta típica (or tango orchestra) is an orchestra or chamber group that traditionally plays Argentine Tango music. The violin is a bowed String instrument with four strings usually tuned in Perfect fifths It is the smallest and highest-pitched member The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers The double bass is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed String instrument used in the modern symphony orchestra. The bandoneón is a Free-reed instrument particularly popular in Argentina. Earlier forms of this ensemble sometimes included flute, clarinet and guitar. The flute is a Musical instrument of the Woodwind family Unlike other woodwind instruments a flute is a Reedless wind instrument that produces its The clarinet is a Musical instrument in the Woodwind family The name derives from adding the suffix -et meaning little to the Italian word The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles Tango music may be purely instrumental or may include a vocalist. Tango music is well-known across much of the world, along with the associated tango dance. Tango is a Musical genre and its associated dance forms that originated in Buenos Aires, Argentina and Montevideo, Uruguay and
Contents |
Origins
The first Tango ever recorded was made by Angel Villoldo and played by the French national guard in Paris. Villoldo had to record in Paris because in Argentina at the time there was no recording studio.
Early tango was played by immigrants in Buenos Aires. The first generation of tango players was called "Guardia Vieja" (the Old Guard). By the end of the 19th century, this blend of salon, European was heard throughout metropolitan Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern It took time to move into wider circles: in the early 20th century it was the favorite music of thugs and gangsters who visited the brothels, in a city with 100,000 more men than women (in 1914). The complex dances that arose from this rich music reflects the habit of men to practice tango together in groups, expressing both machismo and sexual desire, leading to the distinct mix of sensitivity and aggressiveness of the form. The music was played on portable instruments: flute, guitar and violin trios, with bandoneón arriving at the end of the 19th century. The flute is a Musical instrument of the Woodwind family Unlike other woodwind instruments a flute is a Reedless wind instrument that produces its The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles The violin is a bowed String instrument with four strings usually tuned in Perfect fifths It is the smallest and highest-pitched member The bandoneón is a Free-reed instrument particularly popular in Argentina. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The organito, a portable player-organ, broadened the popularity of certain songs. Eduardo Arolas was the major instrument of the bandoneón's popularization, with Vicente Greco soon standardizing the tango sextet as consisting of piano, double bass, two violins and two bandoneóns. Eduardo Arolas ( February 24 1892 - September 29 1924) was an Argentine tango Bandoneon player leader and Like many forms of popular music, the tango was associated with the underclass, and the better-off Argentines tried to restrict its influence. In spite of the scorn, some, like writer Ricardo Güiraldes, were fans. Ricardo Güiraldes ( 13 February 1886 — 8 October 1927) was an Argentine novelist and poet one of the most significant Argentine Güiraldes played a part in the international popularization of the tango, which had conquered the world by the end of World War I, and wrote a poem ("Tango") which describes the music as the "all-absorbing love of a tyrant, jealously guarding his dominion, over women who have surrendered submissively, like obedient beasts". World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All [1]
One song that would become arguably the most widely known of all tango melodies also dates from this time. The first two sections of La Cumparsita were composed as a march instrumental in 1917 by then 17-year-old Uruguayan Gerardo Matos Rodríguez. La Cumparsita is a musical piece written by Uruguayan musician Gerardo Matos Rodríguez in 1917 Gerardo Rodríguez Sotelo ( March 28, 1897 &ndash April 25, 1948) also known as Becho, was an Uruguayan Musician [2][3]
1920s and 1930s, Carlos Gardel
Tango soon began to gain popularity in Europe, beginning in France. Carlos Gardel ( 11 December 1887 /1890 1 - 24 June 1935 Medellín, Colombia) is Superstar Rudolph Valentino soon became a sex symbol who brought the tango to new audiences, especially in the United States, due to his sensual depictions of the dance on film. Rudolph Valentino ( May 6, 1895 &ndash August 23, 1926) was an Italian Actor, Sex symbol, and early A sex symbol is a famous person of either gender typically an Actor, Musician, model, Teen idol, or Sports star The United States of America —commonly referred to as the In the 1920s, tango moved out of the lower-class brothels and became a more respectable form of music and dance. Bandleaders like Roberto Firpo and Francisco Canaro dropped the flute and added a double bass in its place. Roberto Firpo ( May 10, 1884 - June 14, 1969) was an Tango Pianist, Composer and leader Francisco Canaro ( November 26, 1888 &ndash December 14, 1964) was an Uruguayan Violinist and tango Orchestra The double bass is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed String instrument used in the modern symphony orchestra. Lyrics were still typically macho, blaming women for countless heartaches, and the dance moves were still sexual and aggressive.
Carlos Gardel became especially associated with the transition from a lower-class "gangster" music to a respectable middle-class dance. Carlos Gardel ( 11 December 1887 /1890 1 - 24 June 1935 Medellín, Colombia) is He helped develop tango-canción in the 1920s and became one of the most popular tango artists of all time. He was also one of the precursors of the Golden Age of tango.
Gardel's death was followed by a division into movements within tango. Evolutionists like Aníbal Troilo and Carlos di Sarli were opposed to traditionalists like Rodolfo Biagi and Juan D'Arienzo. Carlos Di Sarli ( January 7, 1903 - January 12, 1960) was an Argentine Tango musician orchestra leader Composer Rodolfo Biagi ( March 14 1906 - September 24 1969) was an Argentine Tango musician who started his musical career by playing Juan D'Arienzo ( December 14, 1900 - January 14, 1976) was an Argentine tango musician also known as "El Rey del
Golden Age
The "Golden Age" of tango music and dance is generally agreed to have been the period from about 1935 to 1952, roughly contemporaneous with the big band era in the United States. A big band is a type of Musical ensemble associated with playing jazz music and which became popular during the Swing Era from the early 1930s until the late
Some of the many popular and influential orchestras included the orchestras of Juan D'Arienzo, Francisco Canaro, and Aníbal Troilo. Juan D'Arienzo ( December 14, 1900 - January 14, 1976) was an Argentine tango musician also known as "El Rey del Francisco Canaro ( November 26, 1888 &ndash December 14, 1964) was an Uruguayan Violinist and tango Orchestra D'Arienzo was called the "Rey del compás" or "King of the beat" for the insistent, driving rhythm which can be heard on many of his recordings. "El flete" is an excellent example of D'Arienzo's approach. Canaro's early milongas are generally the slowest and easiest to dance to; and for that reason, they are the most frequently played at tango dances (milongas); "Milonga Sentimental" is a classic example. Milonga can refer to an Argentine, Uruguayan, and Southern Brazilian form of Music which preceeded the tango and the dance form which Milonga is a term for a place or an event where tango is danced
Beginning in the Golden Age and continuing afterwards, the orchestras of Osvaldo Pugliese and Carlos di Sarli made many recordings. Carlos Gardel ( 11 December 1887 /1890 1 - 24 June 1935 Medellín, Colombia) is Osvaldo Pedro Pugliese ( Buenos Aires, December 2, 1905 - July 25, 1995) was an Argentine tango musician Carlos Di Sarli ( January 7, 1903 - January 12, 1960) was an Argentine Tango musician orchestra leader Composer Di Sarli had a lush, grandiose sound, and emphasized strings and piano over the bandoneon, which is heard in "A la gran muñeca" and "Bahía Blanca" (the name of his home town). Bahía Blanca is a City located in the south-west of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, by the Atlantic Ocean, head town of
Pugliese's first recordings were not too different from those of other dance orchestras, but he developed a complex, rich, and sometimes discordant sound, which is heard in his signature pieces, "Gallo ciego", "Emancipación", and "La yumba". Pugliese's later music was played for an audience and not intended for dancing, although it is often used for stage choreography for its dramatic potential, and sometimes played late at night at milongas. Milonga is a term for a place or an event where tango is danced
Tango nuevo
The later age of tango has been dominated by Ástor Piazzolla, who became famous after Carlos Gardel's El día que me quieras was released. Ástor Pantaleón Piazzolla ( March 11, 1921 &ndash July 4, 1992) was an Argentine tango Composer and El día que me quieras may refer to two Argentine films See Argentine films of 1969 Argentine films of 1986 During the 1950s, Piazzolla consciously tried to create a more academic form with new sounds breaking the classic forms of tango, earning the derision of purists and old-time performers. The 1970s saw Buenos Aires developing a fusion of jazz and tango. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Litto Nebbia and Siglo XX were especially popular within this movement. An important work of recent years is that of Argentine band 020 (zero2zero), whose epic album "End of Illusions" mixed British style pop-rock with nuevo tango.
The so-called post-Piazzolla generation (1980-) includes musicians such as Dino Saluzzi, Rodolfo Mederos, Enrique Martin Entenza and Juan María Solare. Timoteo "Dino" Saluzzi (born on May 20 1935 in Campo Santo ( Ingenio San Isidro) Salta Province) is an Argentine Rodolfo Mederos is a musician born in Buenos Aires, Argentina on March 25 1940 Juan María Solare (born August 11, 1966) is an Argentine Composer and Pianist. Piazzolla and his followers developed Nuevo Tango, which incorporated jazz and classical influences into a more experimental style.
Neo-tango
Tango development has not stopped here. The following examples are not filed under "Tango Nuevo" since such classification is usually done with hindsight rather than when still undergoing development. . . These recent trends can be described as "electro tango" or "tango fusion", where the electronic influences are available in multiple ranges: from very subtle to rather dominant.
Tanghetto and Carlos Libedinsky are good examples of the subtle use of electronic elements. Tanghetto is a musical group based in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and one of the most important on the neo tango scene Carlos Libedinsky is an Argentine musician composer and producer The music still has its tango feeling, the complex rhythmic and melodious entanglement that makes tango so unique. Gotan Project is a group based in Paris, consisting of musicians Philippe Cohen Solal, Eduardo Makaroff and Christoph H Muller. Gotan Project is a musical group based in Paris, consisting of musicians Philippe Cohen Solal ( French) Eduardo Makaroff ( Argentine) and Christoph H They formed in 1999. Their releases include Vuelvo al Sur/El capitalismo foráneo (2000), La Revancha del Tango (2001), Inspiración Espiración (2004), and Lunático (2006). La Revancha del Tango is the debut album of Gotan Project, released in 2001 Inspiración Espiración is Gotan Project 's second album released in 2004 Lunático is the third album by Gotan Project. It was released in 2006 by the Paris-based ¡Ya Basta! records run by Philippe Cohen Solal Their sound features electronic elements like samples, beats and sounds on top of a tango groove. Tango dancers around the world enjoy dancing to this music, although many more traditional dancers regard it as a definite break in style and tradition. Still, the rhythmic elements in Gotan Project's music are more complex than in some of the other "electro tango" songs that were created afterwards. Bajofondo Tango Club (Underground tango club) and its follow-on album "Supervielle" are examples with a stronger "electro" feeling than Gotan Project. Bajofondo is a South American music band consisting of eight musicians from Argentina and Uruguay. Bajofondo Tango Club's beats are more regular, more dominant. The rhythms are less complex but the tango feeling is still there. Other examples can be found on the CDs Tango?, Hybrid Tango, Tangophobia Vol. 1, Tango Crash (with a major jazz influence), NuTango. A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an Optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio Hybrid Tango is a side project by the members of Buenos Aires -based electronic neo- tango band Tanghetto. Tangophobia Vol 1 Contemporary Sounds of Buenos Aires is a compilation CD released by Argentine independent label Constitution Music Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Tango Fusion Club Vol. 1 by the creator of the milonga called "Tango Fusion Club" in Munich, Germany, Felino by the Norwegian group Electrocutango and "Electronic Tango", a various artists' CD. Milonga can refer to an Argentine, Uruguayan, and Southern Brazilian form of Music which preceeded the tango and the dance form which Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Electrocutango is an electrotango project founded by Sverre Indris Joner based in Oslo Norway. In 2004, the leading world music label, World Music Network, also released an authoritative collection under the title The Rough Guide to Tango Nuevo.
Kevin Johansen is another new tango artist who has a number of songs that combine folkloric and pop music with a milonga rhythm in such a way that it is barely recognizable until trying to dance tango to the music. Kevin Johansen ( Fairbanks Alaska, 1964 is an Argentine - American rock Musician. Milonga can refer to an Argentine, Uruguayan, and Southern Brazilian form of Music which preceeded the tango and the dance form which
Musical impact
The tango has become part of the repertoire for great classical musicians. One of the first classical interpreters to do this "cross over" was the baritone Jorge Chaminé with his Tangos recording with bandoneonist Olivier Manoury. Jorge Chaminé (born 30 April 1956 in Porto, Portugal) is a Portuguese operatic Baritone. Tangos is a Flamenco palo closely related in form and feeling to the Rumba. The bandoneón is a Free-reed instrument particularly popular in Argentina. Since then, al Tango, Yo-Yo Ma, Martha Argerich, Daniel Barenboim, Gidon Kremer, Plácido Domingo and Marcelo Alvarez have performed and recorded Tangos. This is an Anglicized version of the Chinese name "Ma Yo-yo" the family name is " Ma " Martha Argerich (born June 5, 1941) is an Argentine concert Pianist. Daniel Barenboim (born November 15, 1942) is a pianist and conductor. Gidon Kremer (Gidons Krēmers (born February 27, 1947) is a Latvian Violinist and conductor. WikipediaWikiProject Opera#Infoboxes --> José Plácido Domingo Embil KBE (born January 21, 1941) better Marcelo Raúl Álvarez, born February 27, 1962 in Córdoba Argentina, is an Argentine lyric tenor who achieved
Many popular songs in the United States have borrowed melodies from tango: the earliest published tango, El Choclo, lent its melody to the fifties hit Kiss of Fire. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the " Kiss of Fire " (Spanish El Choclo, meaning "the ear of corn "more accurately " The Corn Cob" is a popular Song Similarly Adiós Muchachos became I Get Ideas, and Strange Sensation was based on La Cumparsita. " I Get Ideas " is a popular Song. Origin The music is a 1927 tango-canción ( tango with lyrics called " La Cumparsita is a musical piece written by Uruguayan musician Gerardo Matos Rodríguez in 1917
See also
- Argentine Tango
- Music of Argentina
- Music of Uruguay
- Orquesta típica
- Tango (dance)
- List of tango music labels
- History of Tango
- Vals (dance)
- Milonga
- Candombe
References
External links
- Clarin:The new Generation of Tango (Spanish)
- Extensive information about Golden Age tango recordings
- History of the early years of tango music citing key examples
- Neotango.info
- Astorpia Tango quintet
- Todo Tango site
- Totango
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