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The tambourine is a musical instrument of the percussion family consisting of a frame, often of wood or plastic, with pairs of small metal jingles, called "zils". A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified for the purpose of making Music. Classically the term tambourine denotes an instrument with a drumhead, though some variants may not have a head at all.
Modern Tambourine
The tambourine can be held in the hand or mounted on a stand, and can be played in numerous ways, from stroking or shaking the jingles to striking it sharply with hand or stick or using the tambourine to strike the leg or hip. An advanced playing technique is known as the "thumb roll" when the finger or thumb is moved over the skin or rim of the tambourine producing a fast roll from the jingles on the instrument. The tambourine or Marine is a Musical instrument of the percussion family consisting of a frame often of wood or plastic with pairs of small metal jingles Tambourines come in many different shapes with the most common being circular It is found in many forms of music, classical music, Roma music, Persian music, gospel music, pop music and rock music. Circles are simple Shapes of Euclidean geometry consisting of those points in a plane which are at a constant Distance, called the Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to mainstream music produced in or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and Secular music Typically nomadic the Roma people have long acted as wandering entertainers and tradesmen Persian traditional music (also known as Iranian traditional music, Musiqi-e Sonati-e Irani, also Persian classical music or Iranian classical music Gospel music is Music that is written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life as well as (in terms of the varying music styles to Pop music as a genre features a noticeable rhythmic element catchy melodies and hooks, a mainstream style and conventional structure Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums.
There are several ways to achieve a tambourine roll. The easiest is to rapidly rotate the hand holding the tambourine back and forth, pivoting at the wrist. A technique which takes more skill and experience to master is the thumb roll: the thumb of the hand not holding the tambourine is run around the head of the instrument approximately one centimetre from the rim with some pressure applied. If performed correctly, the thumb should bounce along the head rapidly, producing the roll. The thumb roll technique can be made easier with the application of wax or resin to the head. A continuous roll can be achieved by moving the thumb in a figure of 8 pattern around the head, although this takes some practice to perfect.
The word tambourine finds its origins in the Middle Persian word tambūr "lute, drum" (via the Middle French tambour). Middle Persian is the Middle Iranian language/ethnolect of Southwestern Iran that during Sassanid times (224-654 CE became a Prestige dialect
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Pandeiro
The pandeiro is a Brazilian hand percussion instrument consisting of a single tension-headed drum with jingles in the frame. The pandeiro (pronounced pɐ̃ˈdejɾu is a type of hand Frame drum. |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld It is very typical of more traditional Brazilian music, such as Samba, Choro, and Capoeira. Samba ( is one of the most popular forms of music in Brazil. It is widely viewed as Brazil's national musical style Chôro ('ʃoɾu literally "cry" in Portuguese, meaning "lament" traditionally called chorinho ("little cry" Capoeira (kapuˈejɾɐ is a brazilian art form that ritualizes movement from Martial arts, Games, and Dance.
The pandeiro is very similar to a tambourine, except that the tension on the head can be adjusted and the metal jingles are crisper; more staccato. In Musical notation, the Italian word staccato (literally detached, plural staccatos or staccati) indicates that notes
Even on its own, the pandeiro is a formidable percussive element. Notes are made by striking with one hand near the frame or the center with the thumb, finger tips, heel, or palm of the hand. The accompanying hand holds the instrument while providing a muting finger from underneath, and can also produce notes shaking the frame. The quick rhythms produced by alternating strikes can sound as though many instruments are being played simultaneously: a melodic drum, a deeper drum, jingles, and a slap drum.
Riq
The riq (also spelled riqq or rik) is a type of tambourine used as a traditional instrument in Arabic music. The riq ( رق) (also spelled riqq or rik) is a type of Tambourine used as a traditional instrument in Arabic music or Arab music ( Arabic: موسيقى عربية;) includes several genres and styles of Music ranging from Arabic classical It is an important instrument in both folk and classical music throughout the Arabic-speaking world. Widely known as "Shakers".
Buben
Buben (Бубен in Russian, Бубон in Ukrainian, bǫ̑bǝn in Slovenian, buben in Czech, bęben in Polish) is a musical instrument of the percussion family similar to a tambourine. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Ukrainian (in Ukrainian украї́нська мо́ва ukrayins'ka mova,) is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. Slovene or Slovenian ( slovenski jezik or slovenščina, not to be confused with Slovenčina) is a South Slavic language Czech (ˈʧɛk čeština ˈʧɛʃcɪna in Czech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers it is the majority language in the Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified for the purpose of making Music. A buben consists of a wooden or metal hoop with a tight membrane stretched over one of its sides (some bubens have no membrane at all). Certain kinds of bubens are equipped with clanking metal rings, plates, cymbals, or little bells. Cymbals are a modern percussion instrument Cymbals consist of thin normally round plates of various Cymbal alloys; see Cymbal making for a discussion of their It is held in the hand and can be played in numerous ways, from stroking or shaking the jingles to striking it sharply with hand. It is used for rhythmical accompaniment during dances, soloist or choral singing. In Music, accompaniment is the art of playing along with a soloist or ensemble, often known as the Lead, in a Supporting manner Buben is often used by some folk and professional bands, as well as orchestras.
The name came from Greek language βόμβος (low and hollow sound) and βομβύλη (a breed of bees) and related to Indo-Aryan bambharas (bee) and English bee. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly The Indo-Aryan languages (within the context of Indo-European studies also Indic) are a branch of the Indo-European language family English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States
Buben is known to have existed in many countries since time immemorial, especially in the East. The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST internal designation HT-7U is an experimental Superconducting Tokamak Magnetic fusion energy There are many kinds of bubens, including def, daf, or qaval (Azerbaijan), daf or khaval (Armenia), daira (Georgia), doira (Uzbekistan and Tajikistan), daire or def (Iran), bendeir (Arab countries), pandero (Spain). A daf ( Persian and Arabic: دف) is a large-sized Frame drum used to accompany both popular and classical music in Iran Azerbaijan ( English; Azərbaycan officially the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan Respublikası is the largest and most populous country in the South Armenia (Հայաստան transliterated: Hayastan,) officially the Republic of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Hayastani Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo) is a Transcontinental country in the Caucasus region situated at the dividing line between Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan ( Uzbek: O‘zbekiston Respublikasi or Ўзбекистон Республикаси is a doubly Tajikistan (təˈdʒɪkɨstæn or /təˈdʒiːkɨstæn/ Тоҷикистон tɔʤikɪsˈtɔn or, Persian تاجیکستان taajikestaan officially the Republic of For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. In Kievan Rus, drums and military timpani were referred to as buben. Kievan Rus′ (Ки́евская Русь romanised: Kievskaya Rus', rusʲ also written as Kyivan Rus′ (Ки́ївська Русь or Kievan The drum is a member of the percussion group technically classified as a Membranophone. Timpani (also known colloquially as kettledrums or kettle drums) are Musical instruments in the percussion family
Dayereh
A dayereh (or Doyra, Dojra, Dajre, Doira) is a medium-sized frame drum with jingles used to accompany both popular and classical music in Iran (Persia), The Balkans, and many Central Asian countries such as Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. A frame drum is a Drum that has a Drumhead diameter greater than its depth A jingle is a memorable Slogan, set to an engaging Melody, mainly broadcast on Radio and sometimes on Television commercials. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia Tajikistan (təˈdʒɪkɨstæn or /təˈdʒiːkɨstæn/ Тоҷикистон tɔʤikɪsˈtɔn or, Persian تاجیکستان taajikestaan officially the Republic of Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan ( Uzbek: O‘zbekiston Respublikasi or Ўзбекистон Республикаси is a doubly It is a percussion instrument, and is something intemediate between a drum and a tambourine. The drum is a member of the percussion group technically classified as a Membranophone.
Daf
A daf is a large-sized tambourine used to accompany both popular and classical music in Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey (where it is called tef), Uzbekistan (where it's called childirma), India (where it is known as the Dafli) Turkmenistan, and Iranian Kurdistan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. Azerbaijan ( English; Azərbaycan officially the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan Respublikası is the largest and most populous country in the South Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan ( Uzbek: O‘zbekiston Respublikasi or Ўзбекистон Республикаси is a doubly India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Turkmenistan ( Türkmenistan; also known as Turkmenia) is a Turkic country in Central Asia. Iranian Kurdistan ( Kurdish: کوردستانی ئران Kurdistanî Iran) or Kurdistana Rojhilat (Eastern Kurdistan or Rojhilatê Daf typically indicates the beat and tempo of the music being played, thus acts like the conductor in the monophonic oriental music.
Kanjira
The kanjira or ganjira is a South Indian frame drum of the tambourine family. The kanjira or ganjira, a South Indian Frame drum, is an instrument of the Tambourine family South India is the area encompassing India 's states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu as well as the union It is mostly used in Carnatic music concerts (South Indian classical music) as a supporting instrument for the mridangam. Carnatic music (also spelled Karnatak music or Karnatik music, and originally called Karṇāṭaka sangīta or Karṇāṭaka sangītam in India The mridangam (மிருதங்கம் is a Percussion instrument from India, especially South India.
See also
- Frame drum
- Dayereh
- Bendir
- Daf
- Riq
- Mr. Tambourine Man a song by Bob Dylan
- Tamborim
External links
- Watch a video "how to play a half moon tambourine"
- A recent New Zealand invention is the tpedal (Tambourine Pedal) that can be played with a foot while busy operating other musical instruments
Dictionary
tambourine
-noun
- a percussion instrument consisting of a small, usually wooden, hoop closed on one side with a drum frame and featuring jingling metal disks on the tread; it is usually held in the hand and shaken rhythmically.
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