| T-35 | |
|---|---|
 T-35 Heavy Tank | |
| Type | Heavy tank |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1935-1941 |
| Wars | World War II |
| Production history | |
| Designer | OKMO Tank Design Bureau |
| Designed | 1930 |
| Manufacturer | Kharkov Locomotive Factory |
| Number built | 61 |
| Variants | T-35B, SU-7 |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 45 tonnes |
| Length | 9. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Malyshev Factory ( Zavod imeni VO Malysheva, Завод імені В 72 m |
| Width | 3. 20 m |
| Height | 3. 43 m |
| Crew | 11 |
| Armor | 11–30 mm |
| Primary armament | 76. For body armour see Armour, for armoured forces see Armoured warfare, for other uses see Armour (disambiguation. 2 mm gun model 27/32 |
| Secondary armament | 2×45 mm guns, 5 or 6×7. 62 mm machineguns |
| Engine | 12-cyl. petrol Mikulin M-17M 500 hp (370 kW) |
| Power/weight | 11 hp/tonne |
| Suspension | Coil spring |
| Operational range | 150 km |
| Speed | 30 km/h |
The T-35 was a Soviet multi-turreted heavy tank of the interwar period and early Second World War that saw limited production and service with the Red Army. The Mikulin M-17 was a Soviet -licensed copy of the German BMW VI V-12 liquid-cooled aircraft piston engine further developed by Alexander Mikulin The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 A gun turret is a device that protects the crew or mechanism of a projectile firing weapon and at the same time lets the weapon be aimed and fired in many directions Tank classification is a Taxonomy of identifying either the intended role or weight class of Tanks The classification by role was used primarily during World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Red Army ( Russian: Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия R aboche- K rest'yanskaya K rasnaya A rmiya It was the only five-turreted heavy tank in the world to reach production but proved to be slow and mechanically unreliable. Most of the T-35 tanks still operational at the time of Operation Barbarossa were lost due to mechanical failure rather than enemy action. Operation Barbarossa ( Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the Codename for Nazi Germany 's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II
Outwardly it was large but internally the spaces were cramped with the fighting compartments separated from each other. Some of the turrets obscured the entrance hatches.
Contents |
Production history
The T-35 was developed by the OKMO design bureau of the Bolshevik Factory, which began work on a heavy tank in 1930. Obukhov State Plant (also known Obukhovski Plant Государственный Обуховский Завод Gosudarstvennyy Obukhovskiy Zavod) is a major Russian Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Two teams developed separate designs. The team headed by German engineer Grotte worked on the 100-ton four-turreted TG-5 tank, armed with a 107 mm naval gun, using pneumatic servo-controls and pneumatic suspension. This project was later cancelled.
The concept of large, multi-turreted breakthrough tanks was favored by several European Armies in the 1920s and 1930s. Designs existed in Britain, France, and Germany for such vehicles. The second OKMO team, headed by N. Tsiets, worked on a tank inspired by the British Vickers A1E1 Independent. The Independent A1E1 was a multi-turreted Tank designed by the British armaments manufacturer Vickers during the Interwar period
By July 1932, a prototype of a 35 ton tank with a 76. 2 mm tank gun was completed. The first prototype was further enhanced with four smaller turrets, two with 37 mm guns and two with machineguns. For other uses of the phrase see Machine Gun (disambiguation. This first prototype had severe defects in its transmission and was considered too complex and expensive for mass production. Therefore work on it was stopped and a new simpler prototype was built.
This new prototype received a new engine, new gearbox and improved transmission. The decision was also made to standardise the turrets used on the T-35 with those used on the T-28, a triple-turretted medium tank. The Soviet T-28 was among the world's first Medium tanks The prototype was completed in 1931 and production began in late 1932. The small machinegun turrets were identical on the two tanks. The large main turret housing the 76. 2 mm gun was nearly identical, but those used on the T-28 had an additional, rear-firing machinegun.
On August 11, 1933, the T-35 was accepted for production. Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Engineering was shifted to the Kharkov Locomotive Factory, and two batches of ten vehicles were completed. The Malyshev Factory ( Zavod imeni VO Malysheva, Завод імені В
The experiences gained with the two prototypes were used for the main production T-35 Model 1935, which was again improved from the second prototype, with a longer chassis, improved hull and 45 mm guns in place of the 37mms. It started production in 1935, and about 35 were built by 1938. In general, throughout its production run small improvements were made to the individual tanks. Production models had turrets similar to the ones on the BT-5, but without the rear overhang. The Fast Tank (Быстроходный танк Bystrokhodny tank, abbr Some models had flamethrowers instead of one of the 45 mm guns. The final batch was a run of six T-35 model 1938s, which had new turrets with sloped armor all around, as well as modified side skirts and new idler wheels.
Western and Russian historians disagree about the inspiration for the T-35's design. The former argue it was copied from the British Vickers A1E1 Independent tank, but this is rejected by many Russian specialists. It is impossible to know the truth for certain, but there is strong evidence to support Western claims, not least failed Soviet attempts to purchase the A1E1. At the same time, the influence of German engineers developing similar designs in the late 1920s at their Kama base in the Soviet Union cannot be discounted. What is clear is that borrowing military technology and ideas from other nations was common to the majority of the armed forces in the inter-war years. The Red Army, with its purchase of the British Vickers Carden Loyd tankette, Vickers E-Light and Cruiser Mk II Medium tanks, and the American Christie suspension, was clearly one of the leading exponents of this practice. The Carden Loyd tankettes were a series of British pre- World War II Tankettes the most successful of which was the Mark VI the only version built The Vickers 6-Ton Tank or Vickers Mark E was a British light tank designed as a private project at The Tank Cruiser Mk II (A10, was developed alongside the A9, and was intended to be a heavier Infantry tank version of that type The Christie suspension is a suspension system developed by Walter Christie for his Tank designs
Due to its high cost, the production run of the T-35 ended at just sixty-one tanks.
Combat history
The T-35 served with the 5th Separate Heavy Tank Brigade in Moscow, primarily for parade duties, from 1935 until 1940. In June 1940, the question was raised whether to withdraw the T-35s from frontline service, with the option to either convert them to heavy self propelled artillery, or to assign them to the various military academies. The choice was made to use them up in combat instead and the surviving vehicles were collected together into the 67th and 68th Tank Regiments of the 34th Tank Division, which served with the 8th Mechanized Corps in the Kiev Special Military District. Kiev, also known as Kyiv ( Ukrainian:, Kyiv, ˈkɪjiw Russian:, Kiyev; see also Cities' alternative names) is the
During Operation Barbarossa, ninety percent of the T-35s lost by the 67th and 68th Tank Regiments were lost not to enemy action but through either mechanical failure or because they were abandoned and destroyed by their crews. The most common causes of breakdown were transmission-related. The last recorded action of the T-35 took place during the early stages of the battle of Moscow. The Battle of Moscow (Битва под Москвой Romanized: Bitva pod Moskvoy, Schlacht um Moskau is the name given by the Soviet historians to the two Four machines were used in training facilities in Soviet rear. One of them is now available for spectators in Kubinka Tank Museum near Moscow. The Kubinka Tank Museum, also known as "The Tank Museum in Kubinka " is a large Museum of Armoured fighting vehicles in Russia, just Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of
The T-35 is sometimes cited as having participated in the Winter War against Finland, but according to Soviet sources it did not. The Winter War (Talvisota Советско-финляндская война - official Зимняя война - unofficial Vinterkriget began when the In fact, a prototype (multi-turreted) SMK tank had been sent to the front for testing. SMK ( Sergius Mironovitch Kirov) was an armored vehicle prototype developed by the Soviet Union prior to the Second World War. This tank was disabled by a Finnish land mine and all attempts to recover the 55-ton behemoth failed. A land mine is an Explosive device designed to be placed on or in the ground to explode when triggered by an operator or the Proximity of a vehicle person Finnish photographs of the previously unknown tank were mistakenly designated T-35C by German intelligence.
Variants
- T-35-1 - Prototype
- T-35-2 - Prototype
- T-35A - Production model.
- T-35B - New engine. Only the prototype was produced.
- SU-7 - Prototypes with a 254 mm gun, 305 mm howitzer, and 400 mm mortar. A howitzer is a type of Artillery piece that is characterized by a relatively short barrel and the use of comparatively small explosive charges to propel projectiles A mortar is a muzzle-loading Indirect fire weapon that fires shells at low velocities short ranges and high-arcing ballistic trajectories Weighed over 106 tons.
See also
- Char 2C, Vickers Independent A1E1 tank: tanks with similar design
- List of tanks
- List of Soviet tanks
References
- Zaloga, Steven J. The Char 2C (also known as FCM 2C) was a super-heavy French Tank developed although never deployed during the The Independent A1E1 was a multi-turreted Tank designed by the British armaments manufacturer Vickers during the Interwar period This is a list of lists of Armoured fighting vehicles. For a complete list of military vehicles see List of military vehicles. List of Soviet tanks. A list of tanks produced by the Soviet Union. ; James Grandsen (1984). Soviet Tanks and Combat Vehicles of World War Two. London: Arms and Armour Press. ISBN 0-85368-606-8.
External links
- The T-35 Heavy Tank at the Russian Battlefield (battlefield. ru).
- Very large Russian photo gallery (grayknight. narod. ru)
- U.S. WWII Newsmap, "Russian Armored Vehicles", hosted by the UNT Libraries Digital Collections
| Soviet armoured fighting vehicles of World War II | |
|---|---|
Experimental and Improvised AFVs | |
| List of armoured fighting vehicles of World War II | |
| Soviet armored fighting vehicle production during World War II | |
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic