Citizendia

Stanley Cup
Established1893
Current holderDetroit Red Wings
Awarded to theTeam that wins the playoffs of the National Hockey League

The Stanley Cup (French: La Coupe Stanley) is an ice hockey club championship trophy, awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoffs champion. The Detroit Red Wings are a professional Ice hockey team based in Detroit Michigan, and current Stanley Cup champions The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. ----A trophy is a reward for a specific achievement and usually afterwards serves as proof of merit The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America The National Hockey League (NHL season is divided into the regular season and the Stanley Cup playoffs It is commonly referred to as The Cup, The Holy Grail, or facetiously (chiefly by sportswriters) as Lord Stanley's Mug. [1] The Stanley Cup is surrounded by numerous legends and traditions, the oldest of which is the celebratory drinking of champagne out of the cup by the winning team. There are many Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup. Champagne is a Sparkling wine produced by inducing the in-bottle Secondary fermentation of Wine to effect Carbonation. Unlike the trophies awarded by the other three major professional sports leagues of North America, a new Stanley Cup is not made each year; Cup winners keep it until a new champion is crowned. It is the only trophy in professional sports that has the name of the winning players, coaches, management, and club staff engraved on it. [2] The original bowl was made of silver and has a dimension of 18. Silver (ˈsɪlvɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol " Ag " (argentum from the Ancient Greek: ἀργήντος - argēntos gen 5 centimeters (7. 28 inches) in height and 29 centimeters (11. 42 inches) in diameter. The current Stanley Cup is made of silver and nickel alloy. Nickel (ˈnɪkəl is a metallic Chemical element with the symbol Ni and Atomic number 28 An alloy is a Solid solution or Homogeneous mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a Metal, which itself has Today, it has a height of 89. 54 centimeters (35. 25 inches) and weighs 15. 5 kilograms (34. 5 lb). [3]

The Stanley Cup is the oldest professional sports trophy in North America. [2] Originally inscribed the Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup, the trophy was donated by former Governor General of Canada Lord Stanley of Preston in 1892 as an award for Canada's top-ranking amateur ice hockey club. The Governor General of Canada ( French: Gouverneure générale du Canada, or: Gouverneur général du Canada) is the vice-regal representative Frederick Arthur Stanley 16th Earl of Derby, KG, GCB, GCVO, PC ( 15 January 1841 – 14 June 1908 In 1915, the two professional ice hockey organizations, the National Hockey Association (NHA) and the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA), reached a gentlemen's agreement in which their respective champions would face each other for the Stanley Cup. The National Hockey Association (NHA(officially the National Hockey Association of Canada Limited) was a professional Ice hockey organization with teams in Ontario The Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA was a professional men's Ice hockey league in western Canada and the western United States, which operated from A gentlemen's agreement is an informal Agreement between two or more parties After a series of league mergers and folds, it became the de facto championship trophy of the NHL in 1926. The Cup later became the de jure NHL championship prize in 1947.

Contents

History

Origins

Frederick Walter Stanley, Lord Stanley of Preston
Frederick Walter Stanley, Lord Stanley of Preston

After Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby and Lord Stanley of Victoria, was appointed by Queen Victoria as Governor General of Canada on June 11, 1888, he and his family became highly enthusiastic about ice hockey. Frederick Arthur Stanley 16th Earl of Derby, KG, GCB, GCVO, PC ( 15 January 1841 – 14 June 1908 Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 was from 20 June 1837 the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The Governor General of Canada ( French: Gouverneure générale du Canada, or: Gouverneur général du Canada) is the vice-regal representative Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes. Year 1888 ( MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a [4] Stanley was first exposed to the game at Montreal's 1889 Winter Carnival, where he saw the Montreal Victorias play the Montreal Hockey Club. Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec The Victoria Hockey Club of Montreal, Quebec, Canada was an early men's amateur Ice hockey team first organized in 1881 making it the The Montreal Hockey Club of Montreal, Quebec, Canada was a senior-level men's amateur Ice hockey club organized in 1884 [5] The Montreal Gazette reported that he "expressed his great delight with the game of hockey and the expertise of the players". [4] During that time, organized ice hockey in Canada was still in its infancy and only Montreal and Ottawa had anything resembling leagues. Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec Ottawa (ˈɒtəwə or sometimes /ˈɒtəwɑː/ is the Capital of Canada and the country's fourth largest municipality. [4]

Lord Walter Stanley's entire family became active in ice hockey. Two of his sons, Arthur and Algernon, formed a new team called the Ottawa Rideau Rebels. [6] Arthur also played a key role in the formation of what later became known as the Ontario Hockey Association (OHA), and would go on to be the founder of ice hockey in Great Britain. The Ontario Hockey Association is the governing body for the majority of Junior and Senior level Ice hockey teams in the Province of Ontario. [7] Arthur and Algernon persuaded their father to donate a trophy to be "an outward and visible sign of the hockey championship". [6] Lord Stanley sent the following message to the victory celebration held on March 18, 1892 for the three-time champion Ottawa Hockey Club:[8][4][9]

I have for some time been thinking that it would be a good thing if there were a challenge cup which should be held from year to year by the champion hockey team in the Dominion (of Canada). Events 37 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius ' will and proclaims Caligula emperor Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year The Ottawa Senators (officially the Ottawa Hockey Club) were an amateur later professional senior men's Ice hockey team based in Ottawa from 1883 There does not appear to be any such outward sign of a championship at present, and considering the general interest which matches now elicit, and the importance of having the game played fairly and under rules generally recognized, I am willing to give a cup which shall be held from year to year by the winning team. I am not quite certain that the present regulations governing the arrangement of matches give entire satisfaction, and it would be worth considering whether they could not be arranged so that each team would play once at home and once at the place where their opponents hail from. [8]

Soon afterwards, Lord Stanley purchased a decorative bowl, forged in Sheffield, England by London silversmith G. Sheffield ( is a city and Metropolitan borough in South Yorkshire, England London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. A silversmith is a person who works primarily making objects in solid Silver; historically the training and guild organization of Goldsmiths included silversmiths R. Collis and Company (now Boodles and Dunthorne Jewelers), for ten guineas (ten and a half pounds sterling, or $48. 67 USD at that time). The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been [4][10] He had the words "Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup" engraved on one side of the outside rim, and "From Stanley of Preston" on the other side.

Originally, Lord Stanley intended that the Cup should be awarded to the top amateur hockey team in Canada, to be decided by the acceptance of a challenge from another team. He made five preliminary regulations:[4][9]

  1. The winners shall return the Cup in good order when required by the trustees so that it may be handed over to any other team which may win it.
  2. Each winning team, at its own expense, may have the club name and year engraved on a silver ring fitted on the Cup.
  3. The Cup shall remain a challenge cup, and should not become the property of one team, even if won more than once.
  4. The trustees shall maintain absolute authority in all situations or disputes over the winner of the Cup.
  5. If one of the existing trustees resigns or drops out, the remaining trustee shall nominate a substitute.
The first Stanley Cup Champions: The Montreal Hockey Club (commonly called the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association)
The first Stanley Cup Champions: The Montreal Hockey Club (commonly called the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association)

Lord Stanley appointed Sheriff John Sweetland and Philip D. Ross (who would serve in his post an unsurpassed 57 years) as trustees of the Cup. Philip Dansken Ross ( January 1 1858 - July 5, 1949) was a Canadian Journalist, Newspaper Publisher Sweetland and Ross first presented the trophy in 1893 to the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association, the champions of the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), since they "defeated all comers during the late season, including the champions of the Ontario Association (the Ottawa Generals)". The Montreal Hockey Club of Montreal, Quebec, Canada was a senior-level men's amateur Ice hockey club organized in 1884 The Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC was an amateur men's Ice hockey league founded in 1886 in existence until 1898 [11] Sweetland and Ross also believed that the AHAC was the top league, and as first place finishers in the AHAC, Montreal was the best team in Canada. [12] Naturally, the Ottawa Generals were upset by the decision because there had been no challenge games scheduled and because the trustees failed to convey the rules on how the Cup was to be awarded prior to the start of the season. [12]

Original Stanley Cup in the bank vault at the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto, Ontario
Original Stanley Cup in the bank vault at the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto, Ontario

As a result, the Cup trustees issued more specific rules on how the trophy should be defended and awarded:[13][14]

Lord Stanley never saw a Stanley Cup championship game, nor did he ever present the Cup. Although his term as Governor General ended in September 1893, he was forced to return to England on July 15. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final In April of that year, his elder brother Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby died, and Stanley succeeded him as the 16th Earl of Derby. Edward Henry Stanley 15th Earl of Derby KG, PC ( 21 July 1826 &ndash 21 April 1893) was a British statesman whose Earl of Derby is a title in the Peerage of England. The title was first adopted by Robert de Ferrers 1st Earl of Derby under a creation of 1139 [7]

Challenge Cup era

Main article: List of Stanley Cup Challenge Games

During the challenge cup period, none of the leagues that played for the trophy had a formal playoff system to decide their respective champions; whichever team finished in first place after the regular season won the league title. This is a list of Stanley Cup Challenge Games from 1894 to 1914 However, in 1894, four teams out of the five-team AHAC tied for the championship with records of 5–3–0. The AHAC had no tie-breaking system. After extensive negotiations and Quebec's withdrawal from the championship competition, it was decided that a three-team tournament would take place in Montreal, with the Ottawa team receiving a bye to the finals because they were the only road team. A bye, in sports and other competitive activities most commonly refers to the practice of allowing a player or Team to advance to the next Round of a On March 17, in the first ever Stanley Cup playoff game, the Montreal Hockey Club (Montreal HC) defeated the Montreal Victorias, 3–2. Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger Five days later, in the first Stanley Cup Final game, Montreal HC beat the Ottawa Generals, 3–1. The Ottawa Senators (officially the Ottawa Hockey Club) were an amateur later professional senior men's Ice hockey team based in Ottawa from 1883 [15][16]

In 1895, Queen's University was the first official challenger for the Cup, although it was controversial. Queen's University, generally referred to simply as Queen's, is a coeducational non-sectarian Public university located in Kingston, Ontario The Montreal Victorias had won the league title and thus the Stanley Cup, but the challenge match was between the previous year's champion, Montreal HC, and the university squad. The Victoria Hockey Club of Montreal, Quebec, Canada was an early men's amateur Ice hockey team first organized in 1881 making it the The trustees decided that if the Montreal HC won the challenge match, the Victorias would become the Stanley Cup champions. The Montreal HC won the match 5–1 and their cross-town rivals were crowned the champions. [17] The first successful challenge to the Cup came the next year by the Winnipeg Victorias, the champions of the Manitoba Hockey League. The Winnipeg Victorias were a former Amateur senior-level men's amateur Ice hockey team in Winnipeg Manitoba, organized in 1889 On February 14, 1896, the Winnipeg squad defeated the champions 2–0 and became the first team outside the AHAC to win the Cup. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year [18]

As the prestige of winning the Cup grew, so did the need to attract top players. Only nine months after winning the Cup, in March 1906, the Montreal Wanderers pushed through a resolution at the annual meeting of the Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association (ECAHA) that would allow professional players to play alongside amateurs. The Montreal Wanderers were a professional men's Ice hockey team that played in Montreal, Quebec at the Montreal Arena, and were one of the founding The Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association (ECAHA was a men's amateur later professional Ice hockey league in Canada that played four seasons Because the ECAHA was the top hockey league in Canada at the time, the Cup trustees agreed to open the challenges to professional teams. [19] The first professional competition came one month later during the Wanderers' two-game, total goals challenge series, which they won 17 goals to 5. [20]

The smallest municipality to produce a Stanley Cup champion team is Kenora, Ontario; the town had a population of about 4,000 when the Kenora Thistles captured the Cup in January 1907. The Kenora Thistles were an early amateur men's Ice hockey team based in Kenora Ontario, Canada and formed in 1885 as a senior team by a group of [21] Aided by future Hall of Famers Art Ross and "Bad" Joe Hall, the Thistles defeated the Montreal Wanderers in a two-game, total goals challenge series. Arthur Howey Ross ( January 13, 1886 – August 5, 1964 was a Canadian Ice hockey executive and defenceman in Joseph Henry Hall ( May 3, 1882 &ndash April 5, 1919) nicknamed Bad Joe Hall, was a professional Ice hockey defenceman The Thistles successfully defended the Cup once, against a team from Brandon, Manitoba. Brandon is a City in southwestern Manitoba, Canada. The surrounding area is often referred to as " Westman " In March 1907, the Wanderers challenged the Thistles to a rematch. Despite an improved lineup, the Thistles lost the Cup to Montreal.

In 1908, the Allan Cup was introduced as the trophy for Canada's amateurs, and the Stanley Cup started to become a symbol of professional hockey supremacy. The Allan Cup is the trophy awarded to the national senior amateur men’s Ice hockey champions of Canada. [19] In that same year, the first all-professional team, the Toronto Trolley Leaguers from the newly created Ontario Professional Hockey League (OPHL), competed for the Cup. The Ontario Professional Hockey League (OPHL sometimes referred to as the Trolley League, was a professional Ice hockey league in Canada. [22] One year later, the Montreal HC and the Montreal Victorias, the two remaining amateur teams, left the ECAHA, and the ECAHA dropped "Amateur" from their name to become a professional league. [19] In 1910, the National Hockey Association (NHA) was formed. The National Hockey Association (NHA(officially the National Hockey Association of Canada Limited) was a professional Ice hockey organization with teams in Ontario The NHA soon proved it was the best in Canada, as it kept the Cup for the next four years. [23]

Prior to 1912, challenges could take place at any time, given the appropriate rink conditions, and it was common for teams to defend the Cup numerous times during the year. In 1912, Cup trustees declared that it was only to be defended at the end of the champion team's regular season. [24]

Organized interleague competition

In 1914, the Victoria Aristocrats from the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA) challenged the NHA and Cup champion Toronto Blueshirts. The Victoria Cougars were a Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA (and after its merger with the Western Canada Hockey League, the Western Hockey League The Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA was a professional men's Ice hockey league in western Canada and the western United States, which operated from This article is about a predecessor club of the Toronto Maple Leafs The Toronto Hockey Club, known as the Torontos and the Toronto Blueshirts Since the Aristocrats never formally submitted a challenge, the Cup trustees viewed the series as illegitimate. However, the controversy was moot as Toronto successfully defended the Cup by sweeping a best-of-five series. [25]

One year later, the NHA and the PCHA concluded a gentlemen's agreement in which their respective champions would face each other for the Cup, similar to baseball's World Series, which is played between the American League and National League champions. A gentlemen's agreement is an informal Agreement between two or more parties Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each For other events named "World Series" see World Series (disambiguation. The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, or simply the American League ( AL) is one of two leagues that make up Major League Baseball in The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs, or simply the National League ( NL) is the older of two leagues constituting Major League Baseball Under the new proposal, the Stanley Cup Final series alternated between the East and the West each year, with alternating games played according to NHA and PCHA rules. [26] The Cup trustees agreed to this new arrangement, because after the Allan Cup became the highest prize for amateur hockey teams in Canada, the trustees had become dependent on the top two professional leagues to bolster the prominence of the trophy. [27] The PCHA's Vancouver Millionaires won the first "formal" PCHA-NHA Cup Final, three games to zero in a best-of-five series. The Vancouver Millionaires (later known as the Vancouver Maroons) were a professional Ice hockey team that competed in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association [28]

After the Portland Rosebuds, an American-based team, joined the PCHA in 1914, the trustees issued a statement that the Cup was no longer for the best team in Canada, but now for the best team in the world. The Portland Rosebuds name was used by two professional men's Ice hockey teams based in Portland Oregon. [26] Two years later, the Rosebuds became the first American team to play in the Stanley Cup Final. [27] In 1917, the Seattle Metropolitans became the first American team to win the Cup. The Seattle Metropolitans were a professional Ice hockey team based in Seattle Washington which played in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association from [29] After that season, the NHA dissolved, and the National Hockey League (NHL) took its place. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America [26]

In 1919, the Spanish influenza epidemic forced the Montreal Canadiens and the Seattle Metropolitans to cancel their series, marking the first time the Stanley Cup was not awarded. The 1919 Stanley Cup Finals ended with no decision after an outbreak of Spanish Influenza forced the cancellation of the series between the National Hockey League The 1918 flu pandemic (commonly referred to as the Spanish flu) was an Influenza Pandemic that spread to nearly every part of the world [30] The series was tied at 2–2–1, but the final game was never played because Montreal Manager George Kennedy and players Joe Hall, Billy Coutu, Jack McDonald, and Newsy Lalonde were hospitalized with influenza. Joseph Henry Hall ( May 3, 1882 &ndash April 5, 1919) nicknamed Bad Joe Hall, was a professional Ice hockey defenceman Wilfrid "Billy" Arthur Coutu ( March 1, 1892 - February 28, 1978) was born Wilfrid Arthur Coulture Jack (John Patrick McDonald ( February 28 1887 &ndash January 24 1958) was a Professional Ice hockey player who played Edouard "Newsy" Lalonde ( October 31, 1887, Cornwall Ontario – November 21, 1970) was a Canadian professional Hall died four days after the canceled game, and the series was abandoned. [31]

The format for the Stanley Cup Finals changed in 1922, with the creation of the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL). The 1921–22 WCHL season was the first season for the now defunct Western Canada Hockey League. The Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL, founded in 1921, was a major professional Ice hockey league originally based in the prairies of Canada Three leagues competed for the Cup: two league champions faced each other for the right to challenge the third champion in the final series. [32] This lasted three seasons as the PCHA and the WCHL later merged to form the Western Hockey League (WHL) in 1924. The 1924–25 WCHL season was the fourth season for the now defunct Western Canada Hockey League. [33] After winning in the 1924–25 season, the Victoria Cougars became the last team outside the NHL to win the Stanley Cup. The Victoria Cougars were a Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA (and after its merger with the Western Canada Hockey League, the Western Hockey League [34]

NHL takes over

Syl Apps, with the Cup before it was redesigned, in the 1940s
Syl Apps, with the Cup before it was redesigned, in the 1940s

The WHL folded in 1926, leaving the NHL as the only league left competing for the Cup. Charles Joseph Sylvanus "Syl" Apps CM ( January 18, 1915 &ndash December 24, 1998) of Paris, Ontario Other leagues and clubs occasionally issued challenges, but from that year forward, no non-NHL team played for it, leading it to become the de facto championship trophy of the NHL. [33] In 1947, the NHL reached an agreement with trustees P.D. Ross and Cooper Smeaton to grant control of the cup to the NHL, allowing the league to reject challenges from other leagues that may have wished to play for the Cup. Philip Dansken Ross ( January 1 1858 - July 5, 1949) was a Canadian Journalist, Newspaper Publisher J Cooper Smeaton ( July 22, 1890 – October 3, 1978) was a Canadian professional Ice hockey referee and [35][36]

  1. The Trustees hereby delegate to the League full authority to determine and amend from time to time the conditions for competition of the Stanley Cup, including the qualifications of challengers, the appointment of officials, the apportionment and distribution of all gate receipts, provided always that the winners of this trophy shall be the acknowledged World's Professional Hockey Champions.
  2. The Trustees agree that during the currency of this agreement they will not acknowledge or accept any challenge for the Stanley Cup unless such a challenge is in conformity with the condition specified in paragraph one (1) thereof.
  3. The League undertakes the responsibility for the care and safe custody of the Stanley Cup including all necessary repairs and alterations to the cup and sub-structure as may be required from time to time, and further undertakes to insure the Stanley Cup for its full insurable value.
  4. The League hereby acknowledges itself to be bound to the Trustees in the sum of One Thousand Dollars, which bond is conditioned upon the safe return of the Stanley Cup to the Trustees in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, and it is agreed that the League shall have the right to return the trophy to the Trustees at any time.
  5. This agreement shall remain in force so long as the League continues to be the world's leading professional hockey league as determined by its playing caliber, and in the event of dissolution or other termination of the National Hockey League, the Stanley Cup shall revert to the custody of the trustees.
  6. In the event of default in the appointment of a new trustee by the surviving trustee, the "Trustees" hereby delegate and appoint the Governors of the International Hockey Hall of Fame in Kingston, Ontario, to name two Canadian trustees to carry on under the terms of the original trust, and in conformity with this Agreement.
  7. And it is further mutually agreed that any disputes arising as to the interpretation of this Agreement or the facts upon which such interpretation is made, shall be settled by an Arbitration Board of three, one member to be appointed by each of the parties, and the third to be selected by the two appointees. The decision of the Arbitration Board shall be final. [14]

This agreement was amended on November 22, 1961, substituting the Governors of the International Hockey Hall of Fame in Kingston, Ontario with the Committee of the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto, Ontario as the group that would name the two Canadian trustees, if need be. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The International Hockey Hall of Fame (IHHOF and Museum located in Kingston, Ontario on the Kingston Memorial Centre grounds features many exhibits within The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. In the 1970s, the World Hockey Association sought to challenge for the Cup. The World Hockey Association (French Association Mondiale de Hockey) was a professional Ice hockey league that operated in North America from 1972 The Trustees denied them the opportunity to do so.

The Cup was awarded every year until 2005, when a labour dispute between the NHL's owners and the NHL Players Association (the union that represents the players) led to the cancellation of the 2004–05 season. The 2004–05 NHL lockout resulted in the cancellation of what would have been the 88th season of the National Hockey League (NHL A trade union or labour union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in key areas such as wages hours and working conditions forming The 2004–05 NHL season was the 88th Regular season of the National Hockey League (NHL As a result, no Cup champion was crowned for the first time since the flu pandemic in 1919. The lockout was controversial among many fans, who questioned whether the NHL had exclusive control over the Cup. A website known as freestanley. com (since closed) was launched, asking fans to write to the Cup trustees and urge them to return to the original Challenge Cup format. [37] Adrienne Clarkson, then Governor General of Canada, alternately proposed that the Cup be presented to the top women's hockey team in lieu of the NHL season. Adrienne Louise Clarkson PC CC CMM COM CD (born February 10 1939 is an accomplished Canadian journalist and stateswoman This idea was so unpopular that the Clarkson Cup was created instead. The Clarkson Cup is an Ice hockey trophy to be awarded for excellence in Canadian women's hockey [38] Meanwhile, a group in Ontario, also known as the "Wednesday Nighters", filed an application with the Ontario Superior Court, claiming that the Cup trustees had overstepped their bounds in signing the 1947 agreement with the NHL, and therefore must award the trophy regardless of the lockout. [39]

On February 7, 2006, a settlement was reached in which the trophy could be awarded to non-NHL teams should the league not operate for a season. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The dispute lasted so long that, by the time it was settled, the NHL had resumed operating for the 2005-06 season, and the Stanley Cup went unclaimed for the 2004-05 season. The 2005–06 NHL season was the 88th season of the National Hockey League. [36]

Engraving

See also: Chronology of Stanley Cup engravings
The first Stanley Cup
The first Stanley Cup

Like the Grey Cup, awarded to the winner of the Canadian Football League, the Stanley Cup is engraved with the names of the winning players, coaches, management, and club staff. This is a chronology of Stanley Cup engravings. A unique feature of the Stanley Cup is that with few exceptions in the past it is the only trophy in professional sports that The Grey Cup (in Coupe Grey is both the name of the championship of the Canadian Football League (CFL and the name of the trophy awarded to the victorious team The Canadian Football League (CFL ( Ligue canadienne de football (LCF in The Stanley Cup is the only trophy in professional sports that has names engraved upon its chalice as well as its rings and base. A chalice (from Latin calix, cup borrowed from Greek kalyx, shell husk is a goblet intended to hold drink [2] However, this was not always the case: one of Lord Stanley's original conditions was that each team could, at their own expense, add a ring to the Cup to commemorate their victory. [4][9] Initially, there was only one base ring, which was attached to the bottom of the original bowl by the Montreal AAAs. The Montreal Hockey Club of Montreal, Quebec, Canada was a senior-level men's amateur Ice hockey club organized in 1884 Clubs engraved their team names, usually in the form "TEAM NAME" "YEAR WON", on that one ring until it was full in 1902. With no more room to engrave their names (and unwilling to pay for a second band), teams left their mark on the bowl itself. The 1907 Montreal Wanderers became the first club to record their name on the bowl's interior surface, and the first champion to record the name of every member of their team. The Montreal Wanderers were a professional men's Ice hockey team that played in Montreal, Quebec at the Montreal Arena, and were one of the founding [40]

In 1908, for reasons unknown, the Wanderers, despite having turned aside four challengers, did not record their names on the Cup. The next year, the Ottawa Senators added a second band onto the Cup. The Ottawa Senators (officially the Ottawa Hockey Club) were an amateur later professional senior men's Ice hockey team based in Ottawa from 1883 Despite the new room, the 1910 Wanderers and the 1911 Senators did not put their names on the Cup. The 1915 Vancouver Millionaires became the second team to engrave players' names, this time inside the bowl along its sides. The Vancouver Millionaires (later known as the Vancouver Maroons) were a professional Ice hockey team that competed in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association [40]

The 1918 Millionaires eventually filled the band added by the 1909 Senators. [40] The 1915 Ottawa Senators, the 1916 Portland Rosebuds, and the 1918 Vancouver Millionaires all engraved their names on the trophy even though they did not officially win it under the new PCHA-NHA system. The Portland Rosebuds name was used by two professional men's Ice hockey teams based in Portland Oregon. They had only won the title of the previous champion's league and would have been crowned as Cup champions under the old challenge rules. [41]

No further engraving occurred until 1924, when the Canadiens added a new band to the Cup. The Montreal Canadiens (Les Canadiens de Montréal are a professional Ice hockey team based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. [40] Since then, engraving the team and its players has been an unbroken annual tradition. Originally, a new band was added each year, causing the trophy to grow in size. The "Stovepipe Cup", as it was nicknamed because of its resemblance to the exhaust pipe of a stove, became unwieldy, so it was redesigned in 1948 as a two-piece cigar-shaped trophy with a removable bowl and collar. An exhaust system is usually tubing used to guide waste Exhaust gases away from a controlled Combustion inside an Engine or Stove. This Cup also properly honoured those teams that did not engrave their names on the Cup. [42]

A close-up view of the engraving for the 2001 champion Colorado Avalanche
A close-up view of the engraving for the 2001 champion Colorado Avalanche

Since 1958, the Cup has undergone several minor alterations. The Colorado Avalanche are a professional Ice hockey team based in Denver Colorado, United States The original collar and bowl were too brittle, and were replaced in 1963 and 1969, respectively. The modern one-piece Cup design was introduced in 1958, when the old barrel was replaced with a five-band barrel, each of which could contain 13 winning teams. [43] Although the bands were originally designed to fill up during the Cup's centennial year, the names of the 1965 Montreal Canadiens were engraved over a larger area than allotted and thus there are 12 teams on that band instead of 13. [44] When the bands were all filled in 1991, the top band of the large barrel was preserved in the Hockey Hall of Fame, and a new blank band was added to the bottom so the Stanley Cup would not grow further. [44]

Another new band was scheduled to be added to the bottom of the cup following the 2004–05 season, but was not added because of the labour dispute. The 2004–05 NHL season was the 88th Regular season of the National Hockey League (NHL The 2004–05 NHL lockout resulted in the cancellation of what would have been the 88th season of the National Hockey League (NHL After the 2005–06 champion Carolina Hurricanes were crowned, and the new bottom ring was finally added, the canceled season was acknowledged with the words "2004–05 Season Not Played". The Carolina Hurricanes are a professional Ice hockey team based in Raleigh, North Carolina. [45] Currently, the Cup stands at 89. 5 centimeters (35¼ inches) tall and weighs 15½ kilograms (34½ lb). [3]

Currently, in order to have one's name inscribed on the Cup, a player must have played at least 41 games for the championship team during the regular season (provided the player remains with the team when they win the Cup) or at least played in one game of the Finals. However, the NHL will also consider other reasons on a case-by-case basis. [2] Vladimir Konstantinov, whose career ended after a car accident on June 13, 1997, had his name engraved on the Stanley Cup after Detroit defended their title in 1998. Vladimir Konstantinov (Владимир Константинов born March 19, 1967, in Murmansk, USSR) is a former professional hockey Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar The Detroit Red Wings received special permission from the NHL to do so.

No one name appears on the Stanley Cup more than Jean Beliveau. Jean Arthur Béliveau CC, CQ (b August 31, 1931 in Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada) is a former professional Ice He appears 17 times: 10 as a player and 7 as management. [2] Henri Richard has won the most Stanley Cups as a player, with 11. Joseph Henri Richard (born February 29, 1936 in Montreal, Quebec) is a former professional Ice hockey player who played centre with the

Twelve women have had their names engraved on the Stanley Cup. The first woman to have her name engraved on the Stanley Cup is Marguerite Norris, who won the Cup as the President of the Detroit Red Wings in 1954 and 1955. Marguerite Norris (Born 1927 - Died in May 1994 was the first female executive in NHL history The only Canadian woman to have her name engraved on the Stanley Cup is Sonia Scurfield (born in Hafford, Saskatchewan) who won the Cup as a co-owner of the Calgary Flames in 1989. Sonia Scurfield, BA was a co-owner of the Calgary Flames hockey team from 1985 to 1994 Hafford is a Town in the Province of Saskatchewan, Canada consisting of 450 residents [3]

The Senior Director of Hockey Administration Charlotte Grahame's name was added in 2001 when the Colorado Avalanche won. Charlotte Grahame is the Executive Director of Hockey Administration for the Colorado Avalanche. The 2000–01 NHL season was the 84th Regular season of the National Hockey League. The Colorado Avalanche are a professional Ice hockey team based in Denver Colorado, United States Charlotte's son John later had his name engraved as a member of the Tampa Bay Lightning, making them the only mother-son combination to win the Stanley Cup. John Gillies Mark Grahame (born August 31, 1975, in Denver Colorado) is a professional Ice hockey Goaltender, currently with The Tampa Bay Lightning is a professional ice hockey team based in Tampa Florida. [46]

Engraving errors

There are several misspellings and illegitimate names on the Cup. Many of them have never been corrected. Examples include:[2][3][47]

Original, authenticated, and replica versions

There are actually three Stanley Cups: the original bowl, the authenticated Cup, and the replica at the Hall of Fame. The original bowl purchased by Lord Stanley is currently displayed at the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto, Ontario. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario

The authenticated version or "Presentation Cup" was created in 1963 by Montreal silversmith Carl Petersen. It is authenticated by the seal of the Hockey Hall of Fame on the bottom of the Cup, which can be seen when winning players lift the Cup over their heads, and it is the one currently awarded to the champions of the playoffs and used for promotions. [43] This version was made in secret, and its production was only revealed three years later. [48]

The replica trophy, called the Replica Cup, was created in 1993 by Montreal silversmith Louise St. Jacques to be used as a stand-in whenever the Presentation Cup is not available at the Hockey Hall of Fame. [48]

As morale booster

July 13, 2006: Wounded United States Marines pose with Glen Wesley and the Stanley Cup
July 13, 2006: Wounded United States Marines pose with Glen Wesley and the Stanley Cup

The Stanley Cup has served as a valuable morale booster for Canadian troops and their NATO allies. Events 1174 - William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173-1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Glen Edwin Wesley (born 2 October, 1968 is a retired Canadian ice hockey defenceman who played 10 seasons for the Carolina Hurricanes of the National The North Atlantic Treaty In 2004, the Cup was displayed at MacDill Air Force Base, located near Tampa, Florida. MacDill Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base under the claimancy of the Air Mobility Command ( AMC) Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the The visit gave both American troops and a visiting Canadian unit the thrill of seeing the trophy at close hand. The event was later touted by officials at MacDill as "a huge morale booster for our troops, who work long hours and dedicate themselves to serving this country. "[49] In 2006, the cup toured Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, where Marines wounded in the War on Terrorism were given the opportunity to view and be photographed with the cup. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune is near Jacksonville North Carolina, on the Atlantic seaboard of the United States. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States The War on Terrorism (also known as the War on Terror) is the common term for the military political and legal, and ideological conflict and specifically for U

In 2007, the Stanley Cup made its first trip into a combat zone. During the trip to Kandahar Afghanistan from May 2 to May 6, organized by the NHL, the Hockey Hall of Fame, the NHL Alumni and the Department of National Defence, the Cup was put on display for Canadian and other NATO troops. For the 2001 film see Kandahar (film; for the Kandahar meteorite of 1959 see Meteorite falls; for the places in Azerbaijan see Cəndəhar and Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It briefly came under missile attack on May 3, but emerged unscathed. Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João [50][51]

The Stanley Cup did a second tour in Afghanistan as part of a "Team Canada visit" in March 2008. [52][53]

Traditions and anecdotes

Main article: Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup

There are many traditions associated with the Stanley Cup. There are many Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup. One of the oldest, started by the 1896 Winnipeg Victorias, dictates that the winning team drink champagne from the top bowl after their victory. The Winnipeg Victorias were a former Amateur senior-level men's amateur Ice hockey team in Winnipeg Manitoba, organized in 1889 Champagne is a Sparkling wine produced by inducing the in-bottle Secondary fermentation of Wine to effect Carbonation. [54] The Cup is also traditionally presented on the ice to the captain of the winning team after the series-winning game; each member of the victorious club carries the trophy around the rink. However, this has not always been the case; prior to the 1930s, the Cup was not awarded immediately after the victory. The first time that the Cup was awarded on the ice may have been to the 1932 Toronto Maple Leafs, but the practice did not become a tradition until the 1950s. "Leafs" and "Maple Leafs" redirect here For the former American Hockey League team see St [54] Ted Lindsay of the 1950 Cup champion Detroit Red Wings became the first captain, upon receiving the Cup, to hoist it overhead and skate around the rink. Robert Blake Theodore "Ted" Lindsay (born July 29 1925 is a former professional Ice hockey forward who played for the Detroit Red Wings and The Detroit Red Wings are a professional Ice hockey team based in Detroit Michigan, and current Stanley Cup champions Since then, it has been a tradition for each member of the winning team, beginning with the captain, to take a lap around the ice with the trophy hoisted above his head. [54] This was slightly breached by Joe Sakic and Ray Bourque when the Colorado Avalanche won the Cup in 2001. Joseph Steve Sakic (ˈsɑːkɨk (born July 7 1969 in Burnaby, British Columbia) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre, who has Raymond Jean "Ray" Bourque (born December 28 1960 in Saint-Laurent, Quebec, now a district of Montreal) is a retired professional Ice hockey The Colorado Avalanche are a professional Ice hockey team based in Denver Colorado, United States Bourque had, until requesting a trade on March 6, 2000, only ever played for the Boston Bruins. Events 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar. 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The Boston Bruins are a professional Ice hockey team based in Boston Massachusetts. The seventh game of the 2001 Finals was the last of Bourque's 22-year NHL career, having never been on a Cup-winning team until that time. When Sakic received the trophy, he did not hoist it, but instead immediately handed it to Bourque. Sakic then followed Bourque in hoisting the trophy. [55] Another notable exception was in 1998, after the Detroit Red Wings had defeated the Washington Capitals to win the Stanley Cup. For the BAA team see Washington Capitols. For the ABA team see Washington Caps. Red Wing captain Steve Yzerman was presented the cup by Commissioner Gary Bettman and immediately passed it to Vladimir Konstantinov, who had been seriously injured in a limo accident the previous year and had to be wheeled on the ice. Stephen Gregory Yzerman ˈaɪzɚmən (born May 9, 1965 in Cranbrook British Columbia, Canada) is a retired Canadian professional hockey Gary Bruce Bettman (born June 2 1952 in Queens, New York) is the commissioner of the National Hockey League (NHL a post he has held since Vladimir Konstantinov (Владимир Константинов born March 19, 1967, in Murmansk, USSR) is a former professional hockey Usually, the captain is the first member of the team to hoist the Cup. In reverence for the Cup, NHL players will not touch it until they hoist it after winning the playoffs.

Although many players have unofficially spent a day in personal possession of the Cup, in 1995 a tradition started wherein each member of the Cup-winning team is allowed to retain the Cup for a day. It is always accompanied by at least one representative from the Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. [56] Victors of the Cup have used it to baptize their children. Two players (the New York Islanders' Clark Gillies and the Anaheim Ducks' Sean O'Donnell) even allowed their dogs to eat out of the Cup. The New York Islanders are a professional Ice hockey team based in Uniondale, New York. Clark "Jethro" Gillies (b April 7 1954 Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan) was a professional Ice hockey player and is a member of the Hockey Hall The Anaheim Ducks are a professional Ice hockey team based in Anaheim California, USA. Sean O'Donnell (born October 13, 1971 in Ottawa, Ontario) is a professional Ice hockey defenceman who currently plays for the [57][58]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The Stanley Cup coming soon to a living room near you?. This is a list of Stanley Cup champions, including finalists and challengers This is a list of Stanley Cup Challenge Games from 1894 to 1914 The National Hockey League (NHL season is divided into the regular season and the Stanley Cup playoffs CNW Group (2007). Retrieved on 2007-04-08. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian
  2. ^ a b c d e f NHL.com - Stanley Cup Fun Facts. NHL. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America Retrieved on 2006-07-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final
  3. ^ a b c d Stanley Cup Engraving Facts, Firsts, and Faux Pas. Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved on 2008-05-25. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g [Podnieks], pg. 3
  5. ^ Hockey Hall of Fame: Stanley Cup Journals 01. Retrieved on 2008-05-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola.
  6. ^ a b [Diamond], pg. 10
  7. ^ a b [Diamond, Zweig, and Duplacey], pg. 11
  8. ^ a b Ottawa Journal article of dinner at Backcheck web site. Library and Archives Canada. Library and Archives Canada (in French: Bibliothèque et Archives Canada) is a Canadian federal government department responsible for the collection Retrieved on 2007-11-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 644 - Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim Caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina.
  9. ^ a b c NHL.com - The Stanley Cup. NHL. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America Retrieved on 2006-07-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
  10. ^ NHL.com - Unraveling the mystery of Stanley. NHL. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America Retrieved on 2006-07-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
  11. ^ [Diamond], pg. 14
  12. ^ a b [Podnieks], pg. 4
  13. ^ [Diamond, Zweig, and Duplacey], pg. 17–18
  14. ^ a b [Podnieks], pg. 5
  15. ^ [Podnieks], pg. 20
  16. ^ Stanley Cup Winners: Montreal AAA 1893–94. Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved on 2006-07-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
  17. ^ Stanley Cup Winners: Montreal Victorias 1894–95. Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved on 2006-07-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
  18. ^ Stanley Cup Winners: Winnipeg Victorias 1895–96Feb. Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved on 2006-07-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
  19. ^ a b c [Diamond, Zweig, and Duplacey], pg. 19
  20. ^ [Podnieks], pg. 37
  21. ^ Stanley Cup Winners: Kenora Thistles 1906–07Jan. Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved on 2006-07-24. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
  22. ^ [Diamond], pg. 38
  23. ^ [Diamond, Zweig, and Duplacey], pg. 24
  24. ^ Stanley Cup Winners: Quebec Bulldogs 1911–12. Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved on 2006-07-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
  25. ^ [Diamond], pg. 46
  26. ^ a b c [Diamond, Zweig, and Duplacey], pg. 20
  27. ^ a b [Diamond], pg. 45
  28. ^ Stanley Cup Winners: Vancouver Millionaires 1914–15. Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved on 2006-07-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
  29. ^ Stanley Cup Winners: Seattle Metropolitians 1916–17. Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved on 2006-07-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
  30. ^ [Podnieks], pg. 51
  31. ^ [Diamond], pp. 51–52
  32. ^ [Diamond, Zweig, and Duplacey], pp. 20–21
  33. ^ a b [Diamond, Zweig, and Duplacey], pg. 21
  34. ^ Stanley Cup Winners: Victoria Cougars 1924–25. Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved on 2006-07-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
  35. ^ [Diamond, Zweig, and Duplacey], pg. 40
  36. ^ a b Court:Non-NHL teams could vie for Cup. TSN (2006-02-07). The Sports Network (commonly known as TSN) is a Canadian English language Cable television Specialty channel and is Canada's leading Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Retrieved on 2006-07-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final
  37. ^ Lockout Reminds Lowe of Gretzky Deal. TSN (2005-02-16). The Sports Network (commonly known as TSN) is a Canadian English language Cable television Specialty channel and is Canada's leading Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols Retrieved on 2006-07-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final
  38. ^ Governor general creates 'Clarkson Cup'. CBC (2006-09-14). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 81 - Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus. Retrieved on 2006-07-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final
  39. ^ Amateurs taking NHL to court to play for Cup. ESPN (2005-04-13). ESPN, originally an acronym for Entertainment and Sports Programming Network, is an American Cable television network dedicated to Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople Retrieved on 2007-10-13. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 54 - Nero ascends to the Roman throne 409 - Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees
  40. ^ a b c d [Podnieks], pg. 12
  41. ^ [Diamond, Zweig, and Duplacey], pg. 8
  42. ^ [Podnieks], pg. 13
  43. ^ a b [Podnieks], pg. 9
  44. ^ a b [Podnieks], pg. 14
  45. ^ Strike Up The Bands: The Stanley Cup is Stripped of a Ring; Cancelled 2004–05 Season Recognized. Hockey Hall of Fame. The Hockey Hall of Fame ( Temple de la renommée du hockey in French) is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved on 2007-02-19. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum
  46. ^ Mile High hopes for Grahame, U.S.. NHL (2007). The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America Retrieved on 2007-03-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem.
  47. ^ Jonathon Jackson (2008-05-16). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. Europe no place for a small-town hockey player in 1938. Owen Sound Sun-Times. Retrieved on 2008-05-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine.
  48. ^ a b Adami, Hugh (July 1, 2006). "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Stanley's secret leaks out 43 years later. Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved on 2007-11-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 644 - Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim Caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina.
  49. ^ Yorio, Kara (June 7, 2004). Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Seeing is believing. The Sporting News. Retrieved on 2008-03-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China.
  50. ^ Shea, Kevin (2007). Stanley Cup Journal, 2007. The Hockey Hall of Fame. Retrieved on 2008-03-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China.
  51. ^ CBC News (May 2, 2007). Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Hillier takes Stanley Cup, former NHLers to Afghanistan. CBC. Retrieved on 2008-03-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China.
  52. ^ CBC News (March 19, 2008). Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Stanley Cup arrives in Kandahar as MacKay wraps low-profile visit. CBC. Retrieved on 2008-03-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China.
  53. ^ Fisher, Matthew (March 19, 2008). Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Stanley Cup, former NHLers visit troops in Afghanistan. CanWest News Service. Retrieved on 2008-03-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China.
  54. ^ a b c [Podnieks], pg. 8
  55. ^ Ray, meet Stanley: Finally! Bourque gets hands on the Cup. Sports Illustrated (2001-06-10). Sports Illustrated is an American Sports Magazine owned by media conglomerate Time Warner. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 1190 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the Sally River while leading an army to Jerusalem Retrieved on 2006-07-25. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler
  56. ^ NHL.com - One awesome job.... NHL. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America Retrieved on 2006-07-25. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler
  57. ^ Wolf, Buck (2002). Strange Misadventures of the Stanley Cup. ABC. The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC) is an American Television network. Retrieved on 2007-04-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom
  58. ^ Shea, Kevin (2007). Stanley Cup Journal. Hockey Hall of Fame. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1180 - First Battle of Uji, starting the Genpei War in Japan 1305 - The Flemish

References

External links

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