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In New Zealand the Speaker of the House of Representatives is the individual who chairs the country's legislative body, the New Zealand House of Representatives (often also referred to as 'Parliament'). New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The politics of New Zealand takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic Monarchy. The constitution of New Zealand consists of a collection of statutes ( Acts of Parliament) Treaties Orders-in-Council, Letters patent, decisions of the In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. Throughout the Commonwealth realms The Crown is an abstract metonymic concept which represents the legal authority for the existence of any government TalkCommonewalth realm.--> New Zealand For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II The Governor-General of New Zealand (Te Kawana Tianara o Aotearoa is the representative of the Sovereign in right of New Zealand (currently Queen Anand "Satch" Satyanand, PCNZM, QSO (born 22 July 1944) is the Governor-General of New Zealand. The Executive Council of New Zealand is the body which legally serves the functions of the Cabinet. The New Zealand Cabinet functions as the policy and decision-making body of the Executive branch within the New Zealand government system The Prime Minister of New Zealand is New Zealand's Head of government consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in Helen Elizabeth Clark (born 26 February 1950 is the 37th and current Prime Minister of New Zealand. The politics of New Zealand takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic Monarchy. The politics of New Zealand takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic Monarchy. A legislature is a type of representative Deliberative assembly with the power to create amend and change Laws The law created by a legislature is called Legislation The Parliament of New Zealand consists of the Queen of New Zealand and the New Zealand House of Representatives and until 1951 the New Zealand Legislative Council The Statute of Westminster 1931 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (22 & 23 Geo The 48th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand. The New Zealand House of Representatives is the Legislature of New Zealand. Margaret Wilson (born 20 May 1947) a New Zealand politician currently serves as Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives. The Official Opposition in New Zealand is usually the largest Political party or coalition which is not a member of the ruling Government. The Leader of the Opposition in New Zealand is the politician who at least in theory commands the support of the non-government bloc of members in the New Zealand John Phillip Key (born 9 August 1961) is a New Zealand politician and member of the New Zealand House of Representatives, representing Referendums (or referenda) are held only occasionally by the government of New Zealand. Members of New Zealand 's House of Representatives, commonly called " Parliament " normally gain their parliamentary seats through nationwide general In New Zealand, an electorate is a voting district for Parliamentary elections In 1993 New Zealand adopted Mixed member proportional as its electoral system for the House of Representatives after many years of First-past-the-post Electoral Reform in New Zealand has in recent years become a political issue as major changes have been made to both Parliamentary and local government elections The 2005 New Zealand general election took place on 17 September 2005 and determined the composition of the 48th New Zealand Parliament. In Law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of Courts which administer Justice in the name of the sovereign or State The Supreme Court of New Zealand is the highest court in the land and the Court of last resort in New Zealand, having formally come into existence at the beginning The Chief Justice of New Zealand is the head of the New Zealand judiciary and presides over the Supreme Court of New Zealand. Dame Sian Seerpoohi Elias, GNZM, QC (born March 13 1949) is the Chief Justice of New Zealand, and is therefore the most The Court of Appeal of New Zealand, located in Wellington, is New Zealand ’s principal intermediate Appellate court. The High Court of New Zealand was established in 1841 and known as the Supreme Court until 1980 The District Courts of New Zealand ( Māori: Ngā Kōti ā Rōhe) are low-level Trial courts in New Zealand. The Environment Court of New Zealand ( Māori: Te Kooti Taiao o Aotearoa) is a specialist court for environmental issues within the court system of New The Māori Land Court ( Māori: Te Kooti Whenua Māori) is the specialist court in New Zealand that hears matters relating to Māori land The region is the top tier of Local government in New Zealand. The Realm of New Zealand is the territory in which the Queen in right of New Zealand is head of state Territorial authorities are the second tier of Local government in New Zealand, below regional councils. The North Island is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, the other being the South Island. The South Island is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand, the other being the more populous North Island. The Archipelago of the Chatham Islands ( Rekohu in the Moriori language and Wharekauri in the Māori language) is a territory The region is the top tier of Local government in New Zealand. The politics of New Zealand takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic Monarchy. The foreign relations of New Zealand are oriented chiefly toward developed democratic nations and emerging Pacific economies In 1984, Prime Minister David Lange barred nuclear-powered or nuclear-armed ships from using New Zealand ports or entering New Zealand waters There are a great many similarities between Australia and New Zealand. New Zealand national politics feature a pervasive Party system. Information on politics by country is available for every Country, including both De jure and De facto independent New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The New Zealand House of Representatives is the Legislature of New Zealand. The Parliament of New Zealand consists of the Queen of New Zealand and the New Zealand House of Representatives and until 1951 the New Zealand Legislative Council The Speaker fulfils a number of important functions in relation to the operation the House, which is based upon the British Westminster Parliamentary system.
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Role
In the Debating Chamber
The Speaker's most visible role is that of presiding over the House when in session. This involves overseeing the order in which business is conducted, and determining who should speak at what time. The Speaker is also responsible for granting or declining requests for certain events, such as a snap debate on a particular issue. An important part of the Speaker's role is ruling on matters of procedure known as 'Points of order' based on Standing Orders and previously made Speaker's Rulings. This has a large bearing on the smooth running of each parliamentary session. Included in these rules are certain powers available to the Speaker to ensure reasonable behaviour by MPs, including the ability to remove disruptive MPs from the debating chamber. The Speaker presides over the business of Parliament from the elevated 'Speaker's Chair' behind The Table in the debating chamber.
Outside the Debating Chamber
The Speaker is also responsible for administering the upkeep and security of the buildings and grounds of Parliament (including the Beehive, Parliament House, Bowen House and the Parliamentary Library building). These duties are mainly fulfilled through presiding over select committees, including the Standing Orders Committee, the Business Committee, and The Officers of Parliament Committee. The Speaker also chairs the Parliamentary Service Commission. The Speaker also has some other statutory responsibilities.
The Speaker is third in the New Zealand order of precedence behind the Governor-General and the Prime Minister. The Order of Precedence in New Zealand was approved by the Queen Elizabeth II on 9 January 1974, and amended to include former Governors-General The Governor-General of New Zealand (Te Kawana Tianara o Aotearoa is the representative of the Sovereign in right of New Zealand (currently Queen The Prime Minister of New Zealand is New Zealand's Head of government consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in
Neutrality
The Speaker is expected to conduct the functions of the office in a neutral manner, even though the Speaker is generally a member of the governing party. Only three people have held the office despite not being from the governing party. In 1923, Charles Statham (an independent, but formerly a member of the Reform Party) was backed by Reform so as not to endanger the party's slim majority, and later retained his position under the Liberal Party. Sir Charles Ernest Statham ( 10 May 1875 - 5 March 1946) was a New Zealand Politician, and the ninth Speaker of the The Reform Party was New Zealand 's second major Political party, having been founded as a conservative response to the original Liberal Party This article is about the original New Zealand Liberal Party At least three subsequent organisations unconnected to the original have used the same name the Liberal Party In 1993, Peter Tapsell (a member of the Labour Party) was backed by the National Party for the same reason. Sir Peter Wilfred Tapsell, KNZM, MBE, (born January 21 1930) was Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1993 to Bill Barnard, who had been elected Speaker in 1936, resigned from the Labour Party in 1940 but retained his position. William Edward (Bill Barnard CBE ( 29 January 1886 - 12 March 1958) was a New Zealand Politician.
Historically, a Speaker lost the right to cast a vote, except when both sides were equally balanced. Now, however, the Speaker votes in the same way that any other MP does. In the past, the Speaker's lack of a vote created problems for a governing party - when the party's majority was small, the loss of the Speaker's vote could be problematic.
Election of the Speaker
The Speaker is always a Member of Parliament, and is elected by the House at the beginning of a parliamentary term. By convention, the Speaker is elected unopposed - any party able to form a government is presumably able to have its candidate installed as Speaker whether there is opposition or not. Recently this has not been the case. In March 2005 several MPs challenged for the Speakership following the resignation of Rt. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Hon. Jonathan Hunt. Jonathan Lucas Hunt, ONZ (born December 2, 1938) is a New Zealand politician and was New Zealand's High Commissioner to the United
Holders of the office
The current Speaker is Margaret Wilson, a member of the Labour Party, which is the dominant party in the governing Labour/Progressive coalition. Margaret Wilson (born 20 May 1947) a New Zealand politician currently serves as Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party The Progressive Party is a Political party in New Zealand. It is presently the junior partner in the governing coalition being somewhat to the left of There are also a Deputy Speaker (Clem Simich, National) and two Assistant Speakers (Ross Robertson, Labour, and Marian Hobbs, Labour). The New Zealand National Party ("National" or "the Nats" currently forms the second-largest (in terms of parliamentary seats Political party Marian Leslie Hobbs ( 18 December 1947 -) a New Zealand politician became a Labour Member of Parliament in 1996 and has represented the
Twenty-seven people have held the office of Speaker since the creation of Parliament. Two people have held the office on more than one occasion. A full list of Speakers is below.
| Name | Took Office | Left Office | Speaker's Party | Governing Party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Charles Clifford | 1854 | 1860 | None | None |
| 2 | David Monro | 1861 | 1870 | None | None |
| 3 | Dillon Bell | 1871 | 1875 | None | None |
| 4 | William Fitzherbert | 1876 | 1879 | None | None |
| 5 | Maurice O'Rorke | 1879 | 1890 | None | None |
| 6 | William Steward | 1891 | 1893 | Liberal | Liberal |
| Maurice O'Rorke, 2nd time | 1894 | 1902 | Liberal | Liberal | |
| 7 | Arthur Guinness | 1903 | 1913 | Liberal | Liberal |
| 8 | Frederic Lang | 1913 | 1922 | Reform | Reform |
| 9 | Charles Statham | 1923 | 1928 | None | Reform |
| Charles Statham, continued | 1928 | 1935 | None | Liberal | |
| 10 | Bill Barnard | 1936 | 1940 | Labour | Labour |
| Bill Barnard, continued | 1940 | 1943 | Democratic Labour | Labour | |
| 11 | Frederick Schramm | 1944 | 1946 | Labour | Labour |
| 12 | Robert McKeen | 1947 | 1950 | Labour | Labour |
| 13 | Matthew Oram | 1950 | 1957 | National | National |
| 14 | Robert Macfarlane | 1958 | 1960 | Labour | Labour |
| 15 | Ronald Algie | 1961 | 1966 | National | National |
| 16 | Roy Jack | 1967 | 1972 | National | National |
| 17 | Alfred Allen | 1972 | 1972 | National | National |
| 18 | Stanley Whitehead | 1973 | 1976 | Labour | Labour |
| Roy Jack, 2nd time | 1976 | 1977 | National | National | |
| 19 | Richard Harrison | 1978 | 1984 | National | National |
| 20 | Basil Arthur | 1984 | 1985 | Labour | Labour |
| 21 | Gerard Wall | 1985 | 1987 | Labour | Labour |
| 22 | Kerry Burke | 1987 | 1990 | Labour | Labour |
| 23 | Robin Gray | 1990 | 1993 | National | National |
| 24 | Peter Tapsell | 1993 | 1996 | Labour | National |
| 25 | Doug Kidd | 1996 | 1999 | National | National (in coalition) |
| 26 | Jonathan Hunt | 1999 | 2005 | Labour | Labour (in coalition) |
| 27 | Margaret Wilson | 2005 | (present) | Labour | Labour (in coalition) |
See also
External links
- Office of the Speaker - New Zealand House of Representatives (Official)
- NZ Speakers of the House of Representatives, ©1986 Air New Zealand Almanac
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