Citizendia

Ejercito del Aire
Spanish Air Force
Seal of the Spanish air force

Founded7 October 1939
CountrySpain
Size27. Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1939: Events January January 12 - the RAF Auxiliary Air Force Reserve Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. 122 personnel
620 aircraft
Command HQCuartel General del Ejército del Aire (CGEA)
MarchSpanish Air Force Anthem
Commanders
Chief of the Air StaffChief of the Spanish Air Force
Insignia
Roundel
High and Low visibility Fin flashs
Aircraft flown
AttackMirage F1, F/A-18
FighterF/A-18, Eurofighter
PatrolP-3 Orion, Fokker F27
ReconnaissanceFalcon 20
TrainerF-5, CASA C-101, Beechcraft Bonanza, King Air, Colibrí
TransportHercules, CASA C-295, CASA CN-235, 707, A310, Cougar

The Spanish Air Force (Spanish: Ejército del Aire; literally, "Army of the Air") is the air force of Spain. When the Spanish Air Force was created in 1940 an Anthem was created but was changed in 1967 to what is currently sung today Ground-attack aircraft are military aircraft designed to attack targets on the ground and are often deployed as Close air support for and in proximity to their own ground forces WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A fighter aircraft is a Military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other Aircraft, as opposed to a Bomber, which is designed WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A Maritime patrol aircraft, also simply patrol aircraft, or by the older term patrol bomber, is a Fixed-wing aircraft designed to operate for long WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Surveillance aircraft are military Aircraft used for monitoring enemy activity usually carrying no armament WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A trainer is an Aircraft used to develop piloting navigational or war-fighting skills in flight crew WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This article is about 90 and 100 Series King Airs For 200 and 300 Series King Airs see the Beechcraft Super King Air article WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A cargo aircraft (also known as freighters or freight aircraft) is an Fixed-wing aircraft designed or converted for the carriage of goods rather WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Eurocopter AS 532 Cougar is a twin-engined medium-weight multipurpose Helicopter. An air force, also known in some countries as an air army or historically an army air corps, is in the broadest sense the national military or armed service Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. It is one of the 3 branches of the Spanish Armed Forces and has the mission of defending the sovereignty and independence of Spain, its territorial integrity and constitutional freedoms, within airspace of Spain and its territories. The Armed forces of Spain are known as the Spanish Armed Forces ( Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas Españolas)

Contents

History

The beginnings

Although Spanish Military Aviation started with a balloon force in 1896, April 10, 1910 is the date when the Spanish military aviation was formally formed by means of a Royal Decree.

On November 5, 1913, during the war with Morocco, a Spanish expeditionary squadron became the first organized military air unit to see real combat during the first organized bombing in history. Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa

The Spanish Civil War

A Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 with FIAT CR.32 of the Nationalist Air Force
A Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 with FIAT CR.32 of the Nationalist Air Force
Polikarpov I-16 - Republican
Polikarpov I-16 - Republican

During this war, the Spanish Military Aviation was divided in two: The Spanish Republic Air Forces (Fuerzas Aéreas de la República Española-FARE), created by the republican government and the National Aviation (Aviación Nacional), created by the army in revolt. The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted Coup d'état committed by parts of the army against the government of WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

At first, the republican air forces had the control of the majority of the territory using the Soviet Polikarpov I-16, but the help received by Francisco Franco from Nazi Germany (Condor Legion) and Fascist Italy (Aviazione Legionaria) changed this. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco y Bahamonde (born December 4, 1892 in Ferrol, died November 20, 1975 in Madrid Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers The Condor Legion (Legion Condor was a unit composed of "volunteers" from the German Air Force ( Luftwaffe) which served with the Nationalist The Kingdom of Italy ( Italian: Regno d'Italia) was a state forged in 1861 by the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom The Aviazione Legionaria ("Legionary Air Force" was a unit sent by the Italian Regia Aeronautica ("Royal Air Force" in support of Franco's

In July 1936, the first German Junkers Ju-52 and Italian Savoia-Marchetti SM-81 arrived. WikipediaWikiProject WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout In August were deployed the Fiat CR-32 and Heinkel He-51 fighters. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Heinkel He 51 was a German single-seat Biplane which was produced in a number of different versions Those planes helped the army in revolt to gain full control of the air.

The Spanish Air Force

A Spanish Air Force EF-18A Hornet
A Spanish Air Force EF-18A Hornet

The current Ejército del Aire (EdA) was not formed until October 7, 1939, at the end of the Spanish Civil War, as a successor to the Nationalist and Republican Air Forces. The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted Coup d'état committed by parts of the army against the government of During World War II one air section, the "Blue Squadron" (Escuadrilla Azul), operated into the Division Azul, a Spanish volunteer group who fought alongside the Axis Powers on the Eastern Front. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Blue Division (División Azul Blaue Division or 250 Infanterie-Division in the German Army, was a unit of Spanish volunteers The Axis powers also known as the Axis alliance Axis nations Axis countries or sometimes just the Axis were those Countries The Eastern Front of World War II (die Ostfront 1941-1945, der Rußlandfeldzug 1941-1945 (Russian campaign or der Ostfeldzug 1941-1945 (Eastern Campaign

On March 18, 1946, the first Spanish paratroop unit was created. It participated in the Ifni War during 1957 and 1958. The Ifni War, sometimes called the Forgotten War in Spain ( la Guerra Olvidada) was a series of armed incursions into Spanish West Africa by

Links were established in the 1950s with the United States. Spain received its first jets, like the F-86 Sabre and Lockheed T-33 together with training and transport planes like the T-6 Texan, DC-3 and DC-4. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This first age of jets was replaced in the 60's by newer fighters like the F-4C Phantom and F-5 Freedom Fighter

The organization and equipment of the Spanish Air Force was again modernised in the 1970s to prepare Spain's membership of NATO in 1982. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The North Atlantic Treaty

Planes like the Mirage III and Mirage F1 were bought from France and became the backbone of the Air Force during the 70's and part of the 80's until the arrival of the American F/A-18 which participated in the Kosovo War under NATO command, based in Aviano, Italy. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The term Kosovo War or Kosovo Conflict is often used to describe two sequential and at times parallel armed conflicts in Kosovo: 1996–1999 The North Atlantic Treaty Aviano ( Friulian Avian) is a town and Comune of Province of Pordenone at the foot of the Dolomites mountain range in Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest

The Spanish Air Force is currently replacing older aircraft in the inventory with newer ones including the recently introduced Eurofighter Typhoon and the Airbus A400M airlifter manufactured with Spanish participation. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Its Aerobatic display team is the Patrulla Aguila, which flies the CASA C-101 Aviojet; while its helicopter display team flies the Eurocopter EC-120 Colibrí and it's called Patrulla Aspa. Patrulla Águila ("Eagle Patrol" is the Aerobatic demonstration team of the Spanish Air Force, based at San Javier airbase near La Manga, in WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Air Bases

Main article: List of Spanish Air Force bases

Order of Battle

See Also Spanish Air Force Order of Battle

Functional Structure

Seven CASA C-101 of the Patrulla Águila drawing the Spanish Flag.
Seven CASA C-101 of the Patrulla Águila drawing the Spanish Flag. MACEN Mando Aéreo del Centro Madrid |- ! style= "background#cccccc" colspan=5 | Madrid-Torrejón Air Base (LETORwy 05/2340º WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Patrulla Águila ("Eagle Patrol" is the Aerobatic demonstration team of the Spanish Air Force, based at San Javier airbase near La Manga, in

The basic organization of the Air Force is the following:

Operative Structure

The usual operative unit is the ALA (wing), composed by two or three ESCUADRONES (squadrons), each one of which is integrated by 18 to 24 airplanes. WING "ESPN 1410" is a commercial AM radio station in Dayton Ohio operating with 5000 watts at 1410 kHz with studios offices and transmitter located on David A squadron is a small unit or formation of Cavalry, armour, Aircraft (including Balloons) or Warships Army Thus, Ala 15, with base in Zaragoza Air Base, is formed by two squadrons with 18 F-18 each. Zaragoza Airport is a commercial Airport near Zaragoza, Spain.

Codification and numerals

The planes used by the Spanish Air Force are identified with one or two letters followed by two numbers that appear painted on the fuselages. The first number corresponds to the unit to which they belong, and the second, to the order in which they were incorporated.

The letter or letters, correspond to the use given. Thus, C means cazabombardero (fighter bomber); A, ataque (attack); P, patrulla (patrol); T, transporte (transport); E, enseñanza (training); D, search and rescue; H, helicopter; K, cistern; V, Vertical Take Off and Landing (VTOL); and U, utilitarian. VTOL is an abbreviation for Vertical Take-Off and Landing. VTOL describes Fixed-wing aircraft that can lift off vertically

Example: the F-18 with the C. 15-08 numeral in the tail is the fifteenth type of fighter that arrived in the Spanish Air Force (the Eurofighter is the C. 16) and is the eighth apparatus of this type to enter the SAF. On the nose or fuselage they have a numeral specific to the unit in which they are based. Example: the fourth F-18 arriving at Ala 12 will have in the nose the numeral 12-04.

Some versions of planes in service as two-seater versions or cistern versions of transports planes do add another letter to differentiate their function, and have an order of arrival to the Air Force different from other versions. Example: The CE. 15-02 will be the second F-18 two-seater (Fighter and Training) delivered to the SAF.

Aircraft Inventory

Further information: List of aircraft of the Spanish Air Force
Casa CN-235M-100 of the Spanish Air Force
Casa CN-235M-100 of the Spanish Air Force

The Spanish Air Force operates a wide-ranging fleet of aircraft, everything from fighters to transport aircraft and passenger transports to helicopters. Here can be found a list of Spanish Air Force aircraft those types that have served and been retired by the Spanish Air Force It currently maintains some 620 aircraft. [1] The transport force role is taken by planes such as the C-130 Hercules and the CASA C-295. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Spanish Air Force also includes 35 helicopters like the Cougar and the Colibri. 180 fighter aircraft are incorporated into 9 alas (wings) charged with different missions. Finally, the Spanish Air Force has a fleet of aircraft, including the one manufactured in Spain CASA C-101, Beechcraft Bonanza and Enaer T-35C, to meet training requirements. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [2] These air assets are supported by ground units and a sophisticated infrastructure[3]

The "Future backbone" of the Spanish Air Force will be mainly composed of the new generation fighter, the Eurofighter Typhoon. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [4]

AircraftOriginTypeVersionsIn service[5]Service entry[6]Units
Aérospatiale SA 330 PumaFlag of France Franceutility helicopterSA 3305 SAR1974801 Esc. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.
Airbus A310Flag of France FranceVIP transportA310-3002200345 Grupo
Beechcraft BonanzaFlag of the United States United StatestrainerF-33C30197442 Grupo
Academia General del Aire
Beechcraft C-90 King AirFlag of the United States United StatesVIP and liaison transportBeechcraft C-90199042 Grupo
Boeing 707Flag of the United States United Statesaerial refuelling & transport707-368C(KC)3198745 Grupo
Centro Inteligencia Aérea
Canadair CL-215 ScooperFlag of Canada Canadafirefighting aircraftCL-215T15199143 Grupo
Canadair CL-415 SuperscooperFlag of Canada Canadafirefighting aircraftCL-4151 (of 10)200643 Grupo
CASA C-101 AviojetFlag of Spain Spainjet-powered trainerC-101EB-01921980Academia General del Aire
Grupo de Escuelas de Matacán
CASA C.212 AviocarFlag of Spain Spaintactical transport & search & rescueSeries 100
Series 200
Series 300
74 T-12
3 VIP
10 T-12B
6 SAR
1974Academia General del Aire
Ala 37
801 Escuadrón
Base Aérea de Alcantarilla
Centro Cartográfico y Fotográfico (CECAF)
47 Grupo Mixto
Grupo de Escuelas de Matacán
Ala 48
721 Escuadrón
Base Aérea de Son San Juan
Centro Logístico de Armamento y Experimentación (CLAEX)
CASA CN-235Flag of Spain Spain Flag of Indonesia Indonesiatactical transportSeries 100
Series 200
Series 300
201988Ala 35
CASA C-295Flag of Spain Spaintactical transportC-295M132000Ala 35
Cessna CitationFlag of the United States United StatesVIP transportCitation V21992Centro Cartográfico y Fotográfico
Dassault Falcon 20Flag of France FranceVIP transport & ILS CalibrationsMystère 203197045 Grupo
Centro Inteligencia Aérea
Dassault Falcon 50Flag of France FranceVIP transportMystère 504197945 Grupo
Centro Inteligencia Aérea
Dassault Falcon 900Flag of France FranceVIP transportFalcon 9002198845 Grupo
Dassault Mirage F1Flag of France Francefighter/attackMirage F1M461975Ala 14
Dornier Do 27Flag of Spain Spain/Flag of Germany Germanylight utility aircraftCASA-127611960Academia Básica del Aire
Academia General del Aire
Ala 12
Ala 14
ENAER T-35C PillánFlag of Chile ChiletrainerT-35C401987Academia General del Aire
Eurocopter EC 120 ColibriFlag of France Francelight utility helicopterEC 120B152000Ala 78
Eurocopter AS 532 CougarFlag of France Francemedium utility helicopterAS 53210 SAR
2 VIP
1982Ala 46
Ala 48
Eurofighter TyphoonFlag of Europe European Unionmultirole fighterTranche 118 (of 87)2003Ala 11
Fokker F27 MaritimeFlag of the Netherlands Netherlandsmaritime ReconnaissanceF27 Maritime31979802 Escuadrón
Lockheed C-130 HerculesFlag of the United States United Statestactical transportC-130H
KC-130H
7
5
1973Ala 31
Lockheed P-3 OrionFlag of the United States United Statesmaritime patrol aircraftP-3A
P-3B
2
5
1973Ala 11
McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 HornetFlag of the United States United Statesmultirole fighterF-18M
F-18A+
67
22
1986Ala 12
Ala 15
Ala 46
Northrop F-5 Tiger IIFlag of the United States United States Flag of Spain Spainfighter-bomberF-5M221970Ala 23
Sikorsky S-76 SpiritFlag of the United States United Statesmid size utility helicopterSikorsky S-76C81977Ala 78

On Order

Pilot of the Spanish Air Force leaving his Airplane in full gear (1940s)
Pilot of the Spanish Air Force leaving his Airplane in full gear (1940s)
Spanish Civil War - Republican side
Spanish Civil War - Republican side
Polikarpov I-15 - Republican
Polikarpov I-15 - Republican
Spanish Civil War - Nationalist side
Spanish Civil War - Nationalist side

Distinguished Spanish Air Aces

See also

References

  1. ^ http://www.ejercitodelaire.mde.es/webaire.nsf/generahtml?OpenAgent&id=32722F74179B58A5C12570D800255A73
  2. ^ http://www.ejercitodelaire.mde.es/webaire.nsf/generahtml?OpenAgent&id=D658B1C715DF59A5C12570E30059E7EB
  3. ^ http://www.ejercitodelaire.mde.es/webaire.nsf/generahtml?OpenAgent&id=80432EA4AFC34BCAC12570E3005B1B62
  4. ^ http://www.ejercitodelaire.mde.es/webaire.nsf/generahtml?OpenAgent&id=6485A0861301E048C12570D700463CE4
  5. ^ "World Military Aircraft Inventory", Aerospace Source Book 2007, Aviation Week & Space Technology, January 15, 2007. See also F-104 Starfighter The List of F-104 Starfighter operators lists the countries and their air force units that have operated the F-104 Starfighter Aviation Week & Space Technology, often abbreviated Aviation Week or AW&ST, is a weekly Magazine. Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  6. ^ "[1]
  7. ^ Spanish military aviation OrBat
  8. ^ Spanish military aviation OrBat
  9. ^ Spanish military aviation OrBat

External links


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