Southern Arizona is a region of the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the It is the southernmost portion of the 48th state, Arizona. The State of Arizona ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. Southern Arizona's boundaries are not well defined, but certainly include all of present-day Cochise County, Pima County, Graham County, and Santa Cruz County. Cochise County is a county located in the southeastern corner of the U Pima County is a county in the south central region of the US Graham County is located in the southeastern part of the US state of Arizona. Santa Cruz County is located in the south of the US state of Arizona. It also borders the Mexican states of Sonora and Baja California. Sonora is one of the 31 federal states of Mexico and is located in the northwest of the country Baja California (pronounced ˈbɑːhɑː kælɨˈfɔrnjə in English is the northernmost state of Mexico.
The principal cities of the area include Tucson, Sierra Vista, Oro Valley, Nogales, Marana, Safford, Bisbee (Bisbee's Population varies by season) and Douglas. Tucson (ˈtuːsɒn is the seat of Pima County Arizona, United States, located 118 miles (188 km) southeast Sierra Vista is a city in Cochise County, Arizona, USA. According to 2005 Census Bureau estimates the population of the city is 41908 Oro Valley, incorporated in 1974 is a Suburban town located 6 miles north of Tucson, Arizona, USA in Pima County. Nogales is a city in Santa Cruz County, Arizona, United States. Marana is a town in Pima County Arizona, located northwest of Tucson, with a small portion in Pinal County. Safford ( Western Apache: Ichʼįʼ Nahiłtį́į́) is a city in Graham County, Arizona, United States. Bisbee is a city in Cochise County, Arizona, United States, 82 miles (132 km southeast of Tucson. Douglas is a city in Cochise County, Arizona, USA. Douglas has a border crossing with Mexico and a history of Mining. There are no other cities in the area with more than 10,000 persons. A large Native American reservation, the Tohono O'odham nation, lies in the western desert portions of the area. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The Tohono O'odham, also known as the Papago, are a group of aboriginal Americans who reside primarily in the Sonoran Desert of the southwest
The region includes many small mountain ranges including the Chiricahua Mountains, Huachuca Mountains, Santa Ritas, the Santa Catalinas, the Rincons, the Piñalenos, and others. The Chiricahua Mountains are a Mountain range in southeasternmost Arizona, USA and are part of the Coronado National Forest. The Santa Rita Mountains, located about 65 km (40 mi southeast of Tucson Arizona, extend 42 km (26 mi from northwest to southeast The Santa Catalina Mountains are located north of Tucson, Arizona, United States. The Rincon Mountains are a significant mountain range east of Tucson, Arizona, in the United States. The Pinaleño Mountains are a remote mountain range in southeastern Arizona.
History
Southern Arizona has been inhabited for several millennia. In ancient times, inhabitants included the Patayan in the west, the Hohokam in the central area, and the Mogollon in the east. The term Patayan is used by archaeologists to describe prehistoric and historic Native American cultures between AD 700-1550 Hohokam (ho-ho-KAHM In more recent times, indigenous inhabitants have included the Western Apache and the Chiricahua Apache in the east, the O'odham in the central area, and various Yuman groups in the west. Western Apache refers to the similar Apache peoples living primarily in east central Arizona. Chiricahua (also Chiricahua Apaches, Chiricagui, Apaches de Chiricahui, Chiricahues, Chilicague, Chilecagez, The Tohono O'odham, also known as the Papago, are a group of aboriginal Americans who reside primarily in the Sonoran Desert of the southwest The Yuman people are a group of Native American Ethnic groups of the Yuman-Cochimí language family.
Much of Southern Arizona was part of the territory gained by the United States during the Gadsden Purchase. The Gadsden Purchase (known as Venta de La Mesilla or Treaty of La Mesilla in Mexico is a region of what is today southern Arizona and New Mexico
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