| Shadrach Bond | |
 | |
| In office October 6, 1818 – December 5, 1822 | |
| Succeeded by | Edward Coles |
| Born | November 24, 1773 Frederick, Maryland |
| Died | April 12, 1832 (aged 58) Kaskaskia, Illinois |
| Political party | Democratic-Republican |
| Profession | farmer |
| Signature |  |
Shadrach Bond (November 24, 1773–April 12, 1832) was a representative from Illinois Territory to the United States Congress. The Governor of Illinois is the chief executive of the State of Illinois and the various agencies and departments over which the officer has jurisdiction as prescribed in the Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus Year 1818 ( MDCCCXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1822 (MDCCCXXII was a Common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Sunday of the Edward Coles ( December 15, 1786 – July 7, 1868) was Governor of Illinois, serving from 1822 to 1826 Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Year 1773 ( MDCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Frederick is the County seat of Frederick County Maryland, United States. Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 1832 ( MDCCCXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Kaskaskia is a village in Randolph County, Illinois, United States. A farmer is a person who raises living organisms for food or raw materials Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Year 1773 ( MDCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 1832 ( MDCCCXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Illinois Territory was a historic Organized territory of the United States established on March 1, 1809. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses In 1818, he was elected Governor of Illinois, becoming the new state's first chief executive. The Governor of Illinois is the chief executive of the State of Illinois and the various agencies and departments over which the officer has jurisdiction as prescribed in the In an example of American politics during the Era of Good Feelings, Bond was elected to both positions without opposition. The Era of Good Feelings (1815–24 describes a period in United States political history in which partisan bitterness abated
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Early life
Bond was born in 1773 in Frederick, Maryland. Frederick is the County seat of Frederick County Maryland, United States. He had Illinois Country connections through his uncle, also named Shadrach Bond, a scout with George Rogers Clark's Illinois Regiment in the American Revolutionary War. The Illinois Country ( Pays des Illinois) was the name used in the 17th century and afterwards to refer to an undefined region centered around present day southwest George Rogers Clark (November 19 1752 – February 13 1818 was a soldier from Virginia and the highest ranking American military officer on the northwestern frontier during In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" Because they held some of the same offices in Illinois, the two Bonds are sometimes confused; the uncle is usually known as Shadrach Bond, Sr. The young Bond learned from his uncle of the rich farmland of Illinois Territory, and emigrated to the American Bottom, an especially fertile section of the Mississippi River basin. The American Bottom is a Flood plain of the Mississippi River in southwestern Illinois, extending from Alton Illinois, to the Kaskaskia The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to Bond would be an Illinois farmer for the remainder of his life.
Political career
As Illinois's first governor, Bond led a new state that had sterling prospects but almost no transportation infrastructure or cash in hand. Bond made transportation his top priority as governor. Because the state had almost no money, the General Assembly passed and Bond signed bills to build privately-operated toll roads and bridges, headed by a road connecting the state's first capital, Kaskaskia on the Mississippi River, with what was then the state's largest city, Shawneetown, on the Ohio River. Kaskaskia is a village in Randolph County, Illinois, United States. Old Shawneetown is a Village in Gallatin County, Illinois, along the Ohio River. The road was built and eventually taken over by the state of Illinois as a state highway. After almost two centuries of improvements, much of it is now part of Illinois Route 12. In the US state of Illinois, US Route 50 is an east-west highway across the southern portion of the state
Bond was less successful in his advocacy for a canal that would connect Lake Michigan and the Illinois River (the Illinois and Michigan Canal). Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America, and the only one located entirely within the United States. The Illinois River is a principal tributary of the Mississippi River, approximately 273 miles (439 km long in the U The Illinois and Michigan Canal ran 96 miles (155 km from the Bridgeport neighborhood in Chicago on the Chicago River to LaSalle Illinois, The canal was eventually built in the 1840s, long after Bond had left office.
Governor Bond was deeply concerned about arson. The Illinois criminal law made arsonists eligible for the death penalty, along with persons guilty of rape and murder. Capital punishment, the death penalty or execution, is the Killing of a person by judicial process as Punishment. Rape, also referred to as Sexual assault, is an Assault by a person involving Sexual intercourse with or Sexual penetration of another person Murder is the unlawful killing of another human person with Malice aforethought, as defined in Common Law countries The governor was by no means exclusively concerned with appearing to be tough on crime, however. He took steps to abolish the whipping post and pillory for misdemeanor offenses.
Bond's most controversial act was his attempt to veto an act passed by the General Assembly to create a non-capitalized State Bank of Illinois. The bank was ready to issue banknotes based on the prospect of future economic growth within Illinois. A banker or bank is a Financial institution whose primary activity is to act as a payment agent for customers and to borrow and lend money A banknote (often known as a bill, paper money or simply a note) is a kind of Negotiable instrument, a Promissory note made by a Bond considered this dishonorable and felt that there should be no banks chartered by the state government of Illinois until the State had enough specie (gold and silver coin) to support the value of its banknotes. Money is anything that is generally accepted as Payment for Goods and services and repayment of Debts. The undercapitalized bank was chartered anyway, and promptly went bankrupt, justifying Bond's concerns. Bankruptcy is a legally declared inability or impairment of ability of an individual or organization to pay their Creditors Creditors may file a bankruptcy petition against
In retirement
After Bond's single term as governor, he returned to his Kaskaskia farm. He was no longer in the center of Illinois politics, as the General Assembly had moved the state capital from Kaskaskia to Vandalia. Vandalia is a city in Fayette County, Illinois, 69 miles (111 km northeast of St President John Monroe appointed Bond chief record keeper of the Kaskaskia land office, an important job in a land-hungry frontier state. John Monroe ( Moira, County Down, 1839 &ndash September 1899 Dalkey, County Dublin) was an Irish Lawyer. As a respected local leader, Bond also helped to raise the local share of funding to secure the construction of the state's first penitentiary at Alton. Alton is a city in Madison County, Illinois, United States, about 15 miles north of St In the early 1830s Bond was elected grand master of Illinois's first Masonic Lodge.
Bond died of pneumonia on his farm at Kaskaskia in 1832. Pneumonia is an inflammatory illness of the Lung. Frequently it is described as lung Parenchyma / alveolar inflammation and abnormal He is interred in Evergreen Cemetery in Chester. Chester is a town located on the bluffs of the Mississippi River Valley in Randolph County, Illinois.
Honors
In 1817, Illinois Territory named the newly-created Bond County for Shadrach Bond. Bond County is a County located in the US state of Illinois It is part of the St [1] The honor was bestowed for Bond's service as a congressional delegate; he had not yet become governor. Governor Bond Lake in Greenville, Illinois is also named in honor of Bond. Greenville is a city in Bond County, Illinois, United States, 46 miles east of St
References
- ^ Allan H. Keith, Historical Stories: About Greenville and Bond County, IL. Consulted on August 15, 2007.
Additional references
- Shadrach Bond at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- Solon J. Buck, Illinois in 1818, at Thayer's American history site
- Robert P. The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a Biographical dictionary of all present and former members of the United States Congress as Howard, Mostly Good and Competent Men
- Theodore Calvin Pease, The Frontier State 1818-1848
| Preceded by None | Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois Territory December 3, 1812 – August 2, 1813 | Succeeded by Benjamin Stephenson |
| Preceded by None | Governor of Illinois 1818 – 1822 | Succeeded by Edward Coles |
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