Servilia Caepionis (b. c. 107 BC - d. after 42 BC) is one of the few Roman women cited by ancient sources, mainly due to her being the mistress of Julius Caesar, mother of his assassin Marcus Junius Brutus, and half-sister of Cato the Younger. Year 42 BC was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Marcus Junius Brutus (85&ndash42 BC or Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus was a Roman senator of the late Roman Republic. Marcus Porcius Catō Uticensis (95 BC&ndash46 BC known as Cato the Younger ( Cato Minor) to distinguish him from his great-grandfather ( Cato the Elder

Life

Little is known of Servilia's early life. She was a patrician who could trace her line back to Gaius Servilius Ahala^[1], and was the eldest child of Livia Drusa and Quintus Servilius Caepio the Younger. The term " patrician " originally referred to a group of elite families in Ancient Rome, including both their natural and For others with this name see Ahala. Gaius Servilius Structus Ahala was a 5th century politician of Ancient Rome, considered by many Quintus Servilius Caepio the Younger was a Roman soldier and statesman Her parents had two other children, Servilia the younger and a younger Quintus Servilius Caepio. Servilia, full younger sister of Servilia Caepionis and second wife of Lucullus. Her parents divorced when she was young and her mother married Marcus Porcius Cato (who was father to Servilia's younger half-brother Cato the Younger. Marcus Porcius Cato may refer to Cato the Elder (circa 236 BC - 149 BC born Marcus Porcius Priscus and then nicknamed Cato' Marcus Porcius Marcus Porcius Catō Uticensis (95 BC&ndash46 BC known as Cato the Younger ( Cato Minor) to distinguish him from his great-grandfather ( Cato the Elder ) Following her parents' divorce both her mother and stepfather died. Servilia and her younger siblings were brought up in the house of their maternal uncle, Marcus Livius Drusus who was the tribune. The younger Marcus Livius Drusus, son of Marcus Livius Drusus, was tribune of the plebeians in 91 BC He too, however, died when she was 9.

Prior to 85 BC, she was married to Marcus Junius Brutus the Elder who became tribune of the plebs in 83 BC, and was founder of the colony in Capua. Year 85 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome First Mithridatic War — Lucius Cornelius Marcus Junius Brutus known by modern historians as Marcus Junius Brutus the Elder, was a Roman man who lived in the 1st century BC. Year 83 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Sulla returns to Italy from his campaigns They had only one known child, Marcus Junius Brutus, born around 85 BC. Marcus Junius Brutus (85&ndash42 BC or Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus was a Roman senator of the late Roman Republic. Year 85 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome First Mithridatic War — Lucius Cornelius Following the death of Sulla who had been dictator in 79 BC but had resigned a year later, the elder Brutus was killed by Pompey after the surrender of Mutina where he had fought him in 77 BC. Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix ( Latin: L•CORNELIVS•L•F•P•N•SVLLA•FELIX (c Year 79 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Lucius Cornelius Sulla renounces his dictatorship Modena (ˈmɔːdena Mòdna in Modenese dialect is a city and a Comune ( Municipality) on the south side of the Po valley, in the Year 77 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, consul and leader of ^[2][3][4] Servilia's second marriage was with Decimus Junius Silanus with whom she had three daughters; Junia Prima, Junia Secunda and Junia Tertia. Decimus Junius Silanus was a Consul of the Roman Republic. He was possibly the son of Marcus Junius Silanus the consul in 109 BC. Junia referred to by modern historians as Junia Secunda was a Roman woman who lived in the 1st century BC. Junia Tertia, or Tertulla, (c 60 BCs -22 AD was the third daughter of Servilia Caepionis and her second husband Decimus Junius Silanus, half-sister

Before 64 BC she became the mistress of Julius Caesar, and remained so until his death in 44 BC. Year 64 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Servilius Rullus, Roman Tribune Year 44 BC was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Caesar was very fond of Servilia and, years later, when he returned to a chaotic Rome after the Gallic Wars, he presented her a priceless black pearl. The Gallic Wars were a series of Military campaigns waged by the Roman proconsul Julius Caesar against several Gallic tribes, lasting from It is also said that she offered him her youngest daughter Junia Tertia once his interests began to wane. Junia Tertia, or Tertulla, (c 60 BCs -22 AD was the third daughter of Servilia Caepionis and her second husband Decimus Junius Silanus, half-sister ^[5] Cicero wittily referenced this in remarking of a real estate deal: "It's a better bargain than you think, for there is a third (tertia) off. Marcus Tullius Cicero ( Classical Latin ˈkikeroː usually ˈsɪsərəʊ in English January 3, 106 BC &ndash December 7, 43 BC was a Roman " There was also gossip that Junia Tertia was Caesar's daughter, but it is unlikely that both tales could be true at once. It was also rumored that Servilia's son Marcus Junius Brutus, later one of Caesar's assassins, was Caesar's son^[6] but this is unlikely, as Caesar was only fifteen to seventeen years older than Brutus, and patricide was considered among the worst of crimes. Marcus Junius Brutus (85&ndash42 BC or Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus was a Roman senator of the late Roman Republic.

Scandalously, during a debate in the Senate over the execution or imprisonment of the Catiline conspirators in 63 BC, someone handed Caesar a letter. Lucius Sergius Catilina (108 BC–62 BC known in English as Catiline, was a Roman Politician of the 1st century BC who is best known for the Year 63 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Pompey conquers Phonecia, Coele-Syria Caesar and Servilia's half-brother, Cato, were on opposing sides in the debate. When Cato accused Caesar of corresponding with the conspirators, and demanded the letter be read aloud, he discovered to his horror that it was a love letter written by his half-sister to Caesar. ^[7]

Servilia may still have had influence over both Cato and her son, Brutus, at that time, but in 50 BC civil war broke out, and Cato left Rome to side with Pompey the Great, despite Servilia's relationship with Caesar. Year 50 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, commonly known as Pompey /'pɑmpi/ Pompey the Great or Pompey the Triumvir ( Classical Latin abbreviation Although Brutus resented Pompey for the death of his father, he went too. In 48 BC Pompey was defeated in the battle of Pharsalus. Year 48 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Gaius Julius Caesar, The Battle of Pharsalus was a decisive battle of Caesar's Civil War. Caesar gave orders to his officers not to harm Brutus if they saw him in battle, probably out of respect for Servilia. ^[8] In 46 BC Caesar defeated Cato at the battle of Thapsus, and Cato took his own life. Year 46 BC was the last year of the pre-Julian calendar. This year had 445 days due to the errors that had accumulated in the pre-Julian calendar The Battle of Thapsus took place on April 6 46 BC near Thapsus (modern Ras Dimas, Tunisia)

Following the death of his uncle, although he was given high honour by Caesar, Brutus divorced his first wife Claudia Pulchra^[9] and married his cousin Porcia Catonis, Cato's daughter, in 45 BC. Claudia Pulchra was the name of several women of Roman gens of Claudii during the 1st century BC and 1st century. Portia Catonis, also known simply as Porcia ( Classical Latin: PORCIA•CATONIS•FILIA ca Year 45 BC was the year the Julian calendar went into effect According to this calendar it was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar According to Cicero, Servilia appears to have deeply resented the marriage as it caused a semi-scandal. Marcus Tullius Cicero ( Classical Latin ˈkikeroː usually ˈsɪsərəʊ in English January 3, 106 BC &ndash December 7, 43 BC was a Roman ^[10] She also resented Porcia as she was jealous of the affection Brutus had for her. ^[11] It may have been through Porcia's influence that Brutus decided to attack Caesar in 44 BC^[12], in which he and several other senators conspired and assassinated Caesar. Year 44 BC was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar.

After the assassination of Caesar by her son Brutus (and her son-in-law Cassius), the conspirators met at Servilia's house. Despite this, she herself escaped the purges of the second triumvirate unscathed. See also the Second Triumvirate (Argentina which held power in 1812 After Brutus's death, she lived out the remainder of her life in relative comfort and affluence under the care of Cicero's friend Titus Pomponius Atticus. Marcus Tullius Cicero ( Classical Latin ˈkikeroː usually ˈsɪsərəʊ in English January 3, 106 BC &ndash December 7, 43 BC was a Roman Titus Pomponius Atticus, born Titus Pomponius (112 BC/110 BC/109 BC &ndash 35 BC/32 BC came from an old but not strictly noble Roman family of the equestrian Her son's ashes were sent to her from Philippi and she died naturally, as did Junia Tertia. Philippi (in Greek / Philippoi) was a city in eastern Macedonia, in northern Ancient Greece, founded by Philip II in 356 Porcia, on the other hand, took her own life after hearing of Brutus' death.

Marriages and issue

• Marcus Junius Brutus the Elder
  • Marcus Junius Brutus
• Decimus Junius Silanus, the consul of 62 BC
  • Junia Prima
  • Junia Secunda (married Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, the future triumvir of the Second Triumvirate)
  • Junia Tertia (married Gaius Cassius, another prominent assassin of Julius Caesar. Marcus Junius Brutus known by modern historians as Marcus Junius Brutus the Elder, was a Roman man who lived in the 1st century BC. Marcus Junius Brutus (85&ndash42 BC or Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus was a Roman senator of the late Roman Republic. Decimus Junius Silanus was a Consul of the Roman Republic. He was possibly the son of Marcus Junius Silanus the consul in 109 BC. Year 62 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome January 5 — The forces of the conspirator Junia referred to by modern historians as Junia Secunda was a Roman woman who lived in the 1st century BC. Marcus Aemilius Lepidus ( Latin: M·AEMILIVS·M·F·Q·N·LEPIDVSborn ca 90 BC died 13 BC, was a Patrician Roman politician See also the Second Triumvirate (Argentina which held power in 1812 Junia Tertia, or Tertulla, (c 60 BCs -22 AD was the third daughter of Servilia Caepionis and her second husband Decimus Junius Silanus, half-sister For the Roman consul see Gaius Cassius Longinus (consul 171 BC. )

Family tree

• (1)=1st husband/wife
• (2)=2nd husband/wife
• x=assassin of Caesar

In popular culture

Lindsay Duncan as Servilia in the TV series Rome. For the Brachiopod Genus, see Salonia (brachiopod. Salonia was a Roman slave and later freedwoman who lived during the mid- Marcus Porcius Cato ( Latin: M·PORCIVS·M·F·CATO (234 BC Tusculum &ndash149 BC was a Roman statesman surnamed the Censor Licinia is the name of women in the gens Licinia.It can also be a personal or first name for women Marcus Porcius Cato Salonianus refers to a son and a grandson of Cato the Elder by his much younger second wife Salonia Marcus Porcius Cato Salonianus or Marcus Porcius Cato Licinianus or Cato Licinianus (?&ndashca 152 BC was son of Cato the Elder by his first wife Licinia and thence called Licinianus See also Marcus Livius Drusus The elder Marcus Livius Drusus (died 108 BC was set up as Tribune by the Senate in 121 BC to undermine Gaius Marcus Porcius Cato may refer to Cato the Elder (circa 236 BC - 149 BC born Marcus Porcius Priscus and then nicknamed Cato' Marcus Porcius Name of various Roman women Mother of Servilia Caepionis and Cato the Younger One of the names for Livia, wife of Augustus Quintus Servilius Caepio the Younger was a Roman soldier and statesman The younger Marcus Livius Drusus, son of Marcus Livius Drusus, was tribune of the plebeians in 91 BC Atilia (sometimes spelt Attilia) daughter of C Atilius Serranus and first wife of Marcus Porcius Cato Uticencis whom he married after his intended wife Marcus Porcius Catō Uticensis (95 BC&ndash46 BC known as Cato the Younger ( Cato Minor) to distinguish him from his great-grandfather ( Cato the Elder Marcus Livius Drusus Claudianus was a Roman nobleman who served as a Roman Senator of the Roman Republic that lived in the 1st century BC Marcus Junius Brutus known by modern historians as Marcus Junius Brutus the Elder, was a Roman man who lived in the 1st century BC. Decimus Junius Silanus was a Consul of the Roman Republic. He was possibly the son of Marcus Junius Silanus the consul in 109 BC. Servilia, full younger sister of Servilia Caepionis and second wife of Lucullus. Portia Catonis, also known simply as Porcia ( Classical Latin: PORCIA•CATONIS•FILIA ca Marcus Junius Brutus (85&ndash42 BC or Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus was a Roman senator of the late Roman Republic. Junia Tertia, or Tertulla, (c 60 BCs -22 AD was the third daughter of Servilia Caepionis and her second husband Decimus Junius Silanus, half-sister For the Roman consul see Gaius Cassius Longinus (consul 171 BC. Marcus Porcius Cato, son of Cato the Younger by his first marriage to Atilia. Junia referred to by modern historians as Junia Secunda was a Roman woman who lived in the 1st century BC. Marcus Aemilius Lepidus ( Latin: M·AEMILIVS·M·F·Q·N·LEPIDVSborn ca 90 BC died 13 BC, was a Patrician Roman politician Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, commonly known as Pompey /'pɑmpi/ Pompey the Great or Pompey the Triumvir ( Classical Latin abbreviation Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix ( Latin: L•CORNELIVS•L•F•P•N•SVLLA•FELIX (c Marcus Aemilius Lepidus the Younger or Marcus Aemilius Lepidus Minor ( Minor, Latin for the younger, died 30 BC) was the only child of triumvir Manius Aemilius Lepidus was the son of Marcus Aemilius Lepidus the Younger and consul of Rome in 11 Aemilia Lepida is the name of Roman women belonging to the Gens Aemilia. Lindsay Vere Duncan (born 7 November 1950) is a Scottish Tony Award -winning actress. Servilia of the Junii is a character from the HBO / BBC2 original Television series, ''Rome'', played by Lindsay Duncan. Rome is a BAFTA, Golden Globe and Emmy -nominated historical drama Television series co-created by John Milius

• A fictionalised Servilia appeared in the 2005 television series Rome, played by Lindsay Duncan. Servilia of the Junii is a character from the HBO / BBC2 original Television series, ''Rome'', played by Lindsay Duncan. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Rome is a BAFTA, Golden Globe and Emmy -nominated historical drama Television series co-created by John Milius Lindsay Vere Duncan (born 7 November 1950) is a Scottish Tony Award -winning actress.
• An even more fictionalised Servilia makes an appearance in the 2005 six-part mini series Empire, played by Trudie Styler. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A miniseries (also mini-series) in a serial Storytelling medium is a production which tells a story in a pre-planned limited number of episodes Empire is a six part Miniseries that first aired on ABC in 2005 Trudie Styler (born 6 January, 1954 in Birmingham, England) is an actress and producer
• A very fictionalized Servilia appears in The Gates Of Rome, by Conn Iggulden. Conn Iggulden is a British Author, who mainly writes Historical fiction.
• Servilia appears in Colleen McCullough's novel Caesar's Women, a part of her Masters of Rome Series. Colleen McCullough AO (born 1 June 1937 is an internationally acclaimed Australian author Caesar's Women is the fourth Historical novel in Colleen McCullough 's Masters of Rome series published on 21 March 1996 Masters of Rome is a series of Historical fiction Novels by author Colleen McCullough (b ^[13]

Sources

• Suetonius, Julius Caesar 50
• Plutarch, Cato the Younger, Brutus
• Appian, Civil Wars
• Cicero, Letters F 12.7, A 14.21, A 15.11, A 15.12
• Cornelius Nepos, Atticus

References

1. ^ Plut. Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus ( Greek: Μέστριος Πλούταρχος c Marcus Tullius Cicero ( Classical Latin ˈkikeroː usually ˈsɪsərəʊ in English January 3, 106 BC &ndash December 7, 43 BC was a Roman Cornelius Nepos (Κορνήλιος Νέπως in Ancient Greek literature (c Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus ( Greek: Μέστριος Πλούταρχος c Bru. 1,5.
2. ^ Plut. Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus ( Greek: Μέστριος Πλούταρχος c Pomp. 16
3. ^ Appian, B. C. ii. Ill
4. ^ Liv. Titus Livius (traditionally 59 BC &ndash AD 17 known as Livy in English, was a Roman historian who wrote a monumental history of Rome Epit 90.
5. ^ Suet. Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, commonly known as Suetonius (ca 69/75 &ndash after 130 was an equestrian and a historian during the Roman Empire. Caesar. 50. 2
6. ^ Plut, Bru. , 5. 2.
7. ^ Plut. Cato. 24,1
8. ^ Plutarch, Life of Brutus, 5. 1.
9. ^ Cic. ad Fam. iii. 4.
10. ^ Cic. Att. 13. 16
11. ^ Cic. Att. 13. 22
12. ^ Dio. 44. 13. 1.
13. ^ McCullough, Colleen (1997-02-01). Caesar's Women. Avon. ISBN 978-0380710843.  

External links

• The interesting family connections of Servilia Caepionis