Saskatchewan
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Multis e Gentibus Vires (Latin: "Strength from Many Peoples")
Capital	Regina
Largest city	Saskatoon
Largest metro	Saskatoon
Official languages	English (de facto)
Government
Lieutenant-Governor	Gordon Barnhart
Premier	Brad Wall (Saskatchewan Party)
Federal representation	in Canadian Parliament
House seats	14
Senate seats	6
Confederation	September 1, 1905 (Split from NWT) (9th (province))
Area	Ranked 7th
Total	651,900 km² (251,700 sq mi)
Land	591,670 km² (228,450 sq mi)
Water (%)	59,366 km² (22,921 sq mi) (9. The current flag of Saskatchewan, which has the proportions 21 was adopted on 22 September 1969 The first part of the Coat of Arms of the Province of Saskatchewan (formally known as The Arms of Her Majesty in Right of Saskatchewan) A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Regina (rɨˈdʒaɪnə is the capital of Saskatchewan, Canada. The table below lists the 100 largest municipalities in Canada by population, using data from the Canada 2006 census for Census subdivisions This list Saskatoon is a city located in central Saskatchewan, Canada, on the South Saskatchewan River, with a The table below lists the 100 largest metropolitan areas in Canada by population using data from the Canada 2001 Census[http //www12 Saskatoon is a city located in central Saskatchewan, Canada, on the South Saskatchewan River, with a An official language is a Language that is given a special legal status in a particular Country, State, or other territory English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States The Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan is the vice-regal representative of the Queen of Canada in the province of Saskatchewan. Gordon L Barnhart SOM (born January 22, 1945) is a former Clerk of the Canadian Senate and the Saskatchewan Legislature The Premier of Saskatchewan is the First minister for the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Bradley John Wall MLA (born November 24, 1965 in Swift Current Saskatchewan) is a Canadian Politician The Saskatchewan Party is a Centre-right Political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The Parliament of Canada (Parlement du Canada is Canada 's legislative branch, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario. The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and The Senate of Canada (Le Sénat du Canada is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the sovereign (represented by the governor general Canadian Confederation was the process by which the federal Dominion of Canada was formed beginning 1 July 1867 from the Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Wikipedia_talkFeatured_lists#Proposed_change_to_all_featured_lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This is a list of Canadian provinces 1%)
Population	Ranked 6th
Total (2008)	1,006,644 (est. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Wikipedia_talkFeatured_lists#Proposed_change_to_all_featured_lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This is a list of Canadian provinces )[1]
Density	1. 67 /km² (4. 3 /sq mi)
GDP	Ranked 5th
Total (2006)	C$45. This article lists Canadian provinces and territories by gross domestic product. 051 billion[2]
Per capita	C$45,718 (5th)
Abbreviations
Postal	SK
ISO 3166-2	CA-SK
Time zone	UTC−6 (no Daylight saving time) Lloydminster and vicinity: UTC−7 and does observe DST
Postal code prefix	S
Flower	Western Red Lily
Tree	Paper Birch
Bird	Sharp-tailed Grouse
Web site	www.gov.sk.ca
Rankings include all provinces and territories

Saskatchewan (IPA: /səˈskætʃəwən/, pronunciation (help·info)) is a prairie province in Canada, which has an area of 588,276. This article lists Canadian provinces and territories by gross domestic product. This is a list of Canadian provincial and territorial postal abbreviations. ISO 3166-2CA is an ISO standard which defines Geocodes it is the subset of ISO 3166-2 which applies to Canada. Daylight saving time ( DST Lloydminster is a Canadian City which has the unusual geographic distinction of straddling a provincial Postal codes by province and territoryA Canadian postal code Saskatchewan - 48 FSAs Currently there are no S1* S5* or S8* codes Betula papyrifera ( Paper Birch, also known as American White Birch and Canoe Birch) is a species of Birch native to northern The Sharp-tailed Grouse, Tympanuchus phasianellus, is a medium-sized prairie Grouse. The provinces and territories of Canada combine to make up the world's second largest country in total area. The Canadian Prairies is a region in western Canada, which may correspond to several different definitions natural or political Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page 09 square kilometres (227,134. 67 sq mi) and a population of 1,006,644 (according to 2008 estimates), mostly living in the southern half of the province. Of these, 202,340 live in the province's largest city, Saskatoon, while 179,246 live in the provincial capital, Regina. Saskatoon is a city located in central Saskatchewan, Canada, on the South Saskatchewan River, with a Regina (rɨˈdʒaɪnə is the capital of Saskatchewan, Canada. Other major cities, in order of size, are Prince Albert, Moose Jaw, Yorkton, Swift Current, and North Battleford. Prince Albert is the third-largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. Moose Jaw is a city in south-central Saskatchewan, Canada on the Moose Jaw River 71 km (45 miles west of Regina Swift Current is a small City in Southwest Saskatchewan. It is situated along the Trans Canada Highway The province's name comes from the Saskatchewan River, whose name comes from its Cree designation: kisiskāciwani-sīpiy, meaning "swift flowing river". The Saskatchewan River ( Cree: kisiskāciwani-sīpiy, "swift flowing river" is a major river in Canada, approximately 550 km (340 mi long Cree (also known as Cree-Montagnais Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi is the name for a group of closely-related Algonquian languages spoken by approximately 117000 people across ^[3]

Geography

Main article: Geography of Saskatchewan

From a great scale, Saskatchewan appears to be a quadrilateral. The Geography of Saskatchewan (suskăch'uwun –wän" săs"– province (2001 pop In Geometry, a quadrilateral is a Polygon with four sides or edges and four vertices or corners. However, because of its size, the 49th parallel boundary and the 60th northern border appear curved. Additionally, the eastern boundary of the province is partially crooked rather than following a line of longitude, as correction lines were devised by surveyors prior to the homestead program (1880–1928). The Dominion Land Survey is the method used to divide most of Western Canada into one-square- Mile sections for agricultural and other purposes Saskatchewan is bounded on the west by Alberta, on the north by the Northwest Territories, on the east by Manitoba, and on the south by the U.S. states of Montana and North Dakota. Alberta (ælˈbɝtə is one of Canada's prairie provinces. It became a province on September 1 1905 The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116  sq mi of North America A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government Montana ( is a state in the Western United States. One-third of the state in the western part contains numerous mountain ranges (approximately 77 named of the northern North Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern and Western regions of the United States of America. Saskatchewan has the distinction of being the only Canadian province for which no borders correspond to physical geographic features. It is also one of only two provinces that are land-locked, the other being Alberta. A landlocked country is commonly defined as one enclosed or nearly enclosed by land

Saskatchewan contains two major natural regions: the Canadian Shield in the north and the Interior Plains in the south. The Canadian Shield &mdash also called the Laurentian Plateau, or Bouclier Canadien (French &mdash is a large geological shield covered by The Interior Plains is a vast physiographic region that spreads across the Laurentian craton of North America Northern Saskatchewan is mostly covered by boreal forest except for the Lake Athabasca Sand Dunes, the largest active sand dunes in the world north of 58°, adjacent to the southern shore of Lake Athabasca. Taiga (ˈtaɪgə from Turkic or Mongolian) is a Biome characterized by Coniferous forests Athabasca Sand Dunes Provincial Park is a unique geophysical land feature in the Boreal Shield ecosystems of the province of Saskatchewan. Lake Athabasca (ˌæθəˈbæskə French lac Athabasca, from Woods Cree aðapaskāw, " there are plants one after another" is located in the Southern Saskatchewan contains another area with sand dunes known as the "Great Sand Hills" covering over 300 square kilometres (120 sq mi). The Cypress Hills, located in the southwestern corner of Saskatchewan and Killdeer Badlands (Grasslands National Park) are areas of the province that remained unglaciated during the last glaciation period. The Cypress Hills are a region of hills in southwestern Saskatchewan and southeastern Alberta, Canada. Grasslands (also called greenswards) are areas where the Vegetation is dominated by Grasses ( Poaceae) and other Herbaceous (non-woody "Last glacial" redirects here For the period of maximum glacier extent during this time see Last Glacial Maximum The last glacial period The province's highest point at 1,468 metres (4,816 ft) is located in the Cypress Hills. The lowest point is the shore of Lake Athabasca, at 213 metres (700 ft). The province has fourteen major drainage basins ^[4] made up of various rivers and watersheds draining into the Arctic Ocean, Hudson Bay, and Gulf of Mexico. A drainage basin is an extent of Land where Water from Rain or Snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a River, The Arctic Ocean, located in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Arctic north polar region is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major The Gulf of Mexico ( Spanish: Golfo de México) is the ninth largest Body of water in the world

Climate

Saskatchewan lies far from any significant body of water. This, combined with its northerly latitude gives it a cold summer version of humid continental climate (Köppen type Dfb) in the central and most of the eastern part, drying off to a semi-arid steppe climate (Köppen type BSk) in the southern and southwestern part of the province. The humid continental climate is a Climate found over large areas of land masses in the temperate regions of the mid-latitudes where there is a zone of conflict between A Semi-arid climate or steppe climate generally describes climatic regions that receive low annual Rainfall (250-500 mm or 10-20 in The northern parts of Saskatchewan—from about La Ronge northward—have a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc). La Ronge is a Community of about 3500 people in Northern Saskatchewan, Canada, 250 km north of Prince Albert. Regions having a subarctic climate (also called boreal climate) are characterized by long usually very cold winters and brief warm summers Summers can be very hot, with temperatures sometimes above 32 °C (90 °F) during the day, and humidity decreasing from northeast to southwest. Warm southern winds blow from the United States during much of July and August. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the While winters can be bitterly cold, with high temperatures not breaking −17 °C (0 °F) for weeks at a time, warm chinook winds often blow from the west, bringing periods of mild weather. Chinook winds, often just called chinooks commonly refers to Foehn winds ref> in the interior West of North America, where the Canadian Prairies and Annual precipitation averages 12 to 18 centimetres (5 to 7 in) annually across the province, with the bulk of rain falling in June, July, and August. [1]

History

Main article: History of Saskatchewan

Prior to European settlement, Saskatchewan was populated by various indigenous peoples of North America including members of the Athabaskan, Algonquian, Atsina, Cree, Saulteaux and Sioux tribes. History of Saskatchewan encompasses the study of past Human events and activities of the Province of Saskatchewan, the middle of Canada For indigenous peoples in the United States other than Hawaii and Alaska see also Native Americans in the United States. Athabaskan or Athabascan (also Athapascan, Athapaskan, Athabasca Indians or Athapaskes) is the name of a large group of closely The Algonquian (also Algonkian, and pronounced both and) languages are a subfamily of Native American languages that includes most of the languages in the Algic Not to be confused with the Creek. Cree is an Exonym applied to various people indigenous to North America namely the Nehiyaw Nehithaw Nehilaw The Saulteaux (also Salteaux and many other variants; ˈsoʊtoʊ are a First Nation in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan Sioux (pronounced SUE are a Native American and First Nations people The first European to enter Saskatchewan was Henry Kelsey in 1690, who travelled up the Saskatchewan River in hopes of trading fur with the province's indigenous peoples. Henry Kelsey ( c 1667 &ndash 1724 aka the Boy Kelsey, was an English Fur trader Explorer, and Sailor who played an important The first permanent European settlement was a Hudson's Bay Company post at Cumberland House founded by Samuel Hearne in 1774. Cumberland House is an isolated community in north-eastern Saskatchewan on the Saskatchewan River. Samuel Hearne, (1745 &ndash November 1792 was born in London, England and did extensive exploration of northern North America

In the late 1850s and early 1860s, scientific expeditions led by John Palliser and Henry Youle Hind explored the prairie region of the province. John Palliser ( January 29, 1817 &ndash August 18, 1887) was an Irish -born Geographer and explorer. Henry Youle Hind ( 1 June 1823 &ndash 8 August 1908) was a Canadian Geologist and explorer.

In the 1870s, the Government of Canada formed the Northwest Territories to administer the vast territory between British Columbia and Manitoba. The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116  sq mi of North America The government also entered into a series of numbered treaties with the indigenous peoples of the area, which serve as the basis of the relationship between First Nations, as they are called today, and the Crown. First Nations is a term of Ethnicity that refers to the Aboriginal peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor Métis people

In 1885, post-Confederation Canada's first "naval battle" was fought in Saskatchewan, when a steamship engaged the Métis at Batoche in the North-West Rebellion. The Métis are descendants of marriages of Cree, Ojibway Algonquin, Saulteaux, and Menominee aboriginals to Europeans, The North-West Rebellion (or North-West Resistance or the Saskatchewan Rebellion) of 1885 was a brief and unsuccessful uprising by the Métis ^[5]

A seminal event in the history of what was to become Western Canada was the 1874 "March West" of the federal government's new North West Mounted Police. Despite poor equipment and lack of provisions, the men on the march persevered and established a federal presence in the new territory. Historians have argued that had this expedition been unsuccessful, then the expansionist United States would have been sorely tempted to expand into the political vacuum. Manifest Destiny was the belief that the United States was destined to expand from the Atlantic seaboard to the Pacific Ocean. And even had it not, then the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway would have been delayed or taken a different, more northerly route, stunting the early growth of towns like Brandon, Regina, Medicine Hat and Calgary — had these existed at all. The Canadian Pacific Railway ( Failure to construct the railway could also have forced British Columbia to join the United States. British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C

Settlement of the province started to take off as the Canadian Pacific Railway was built in the early 1880s, and the Canadian government divided up the land by the Dominion Land Survey and gave free land to any willing settlers. The Dominion Land Survey is the method used to divide most of Western Canada into one-square- Mile sections for agricultural and other purposes

The North West Mounted Police set up several posts and forts across Saskatchewan including Fort Walsh in the Cypress Hills, and Wood Mountain Post in south central Saskatchewan near the United States border. Fort Walsh National Historic Site of Canada is a part of the Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park Disambiguation not to be confused with Wood Mountain Ski Park in the Comox Land District of B

In 1876, following the Battle of Little Bighorn Lakota chief Sitting Bull led several thousand of his people to Wood Mountain. The Battle of the Little Bighorn &mdashalso known as Custer's Last Stand, and in the parlance of the relevant Native Americans, the Battle of the Greasy Grass Lakota or Lakotah may refer to Lakota people, a Native American tribe Lakota language, the language of the Lakota Sitting Bull ( Lakota: Tȟatȟaŋka Iyotȟaŋka or Ta-Tanka I-Yotank, also nicknamed Slon-he or "Slow" Ca Wood Mountain Reserve was founded in 1914.

Many Métis people, who had not been signatories to a treaty, had moved to the Southbranch Settlement and Prince Albert district north of present-day Saskatoon following the Red River Resistance in Manitoba in 1870. A Métis is a person born to parents who belong to different groups defined by visible physical differences regarded as racial or the descendant of such persons Southbranch Settlement was the name ascribed to a series of French Metis settlements on the Canadian prairies in the 19th Century in what is today the province Prince Albert is the third-largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. The Red River Rebellion or Red River Resistance are names given to the events surrounding the actions of a Provisional government established by Métis In the early 1880s, the Canadian government refused to hear the Métis' grievances, which stemmed from land-use issues. Finally, in 1885, the Métis, led by Louis Riel, staged the North-West Rebellion and declared a provisional government. Louis Riel (22 October 1844 &ndash 16 November 1885 in English was a Canadian politician, a founder of the province of Manitoba, and leader of the Métis The North-West Rebellion (or North-West Resistance or the Saskatchewan Rebellion) of 1885 was a brief and unsuccessful uprising by the Métis They were defeated by a Canadian militia brought to the Canadian prairies by the new Canadian Pacific Railway. The Canadian Prairies is a region in western Canada, which may correspond to several different definitions natural or political Riel surrendered and was convicted of treason in a packed Regina courtroom. He was hanged on November 16, 1885. Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

As more settlers came to the prairies on the railway, the population grew, and Saskatchewan became a province on September 1, 1905; inauguration day was held September 4. Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself

The Homestead Act permitted settlers to acquire ¼ mi² of land to homestead and offered an additional quarter upon establishing a homestead. Immigration peaked in 1910, and in spite of the initial difficulties of frontier life, distance from towns, sod homes, and backbreaking labour, a prosperous agrarian society was established.

In 1913, the Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association was established as Saskatchewan's first ranchers' organization. Three objectives were laid out at the founding convention in 1913 have served as a guide: to watch over legislation; to forward the interests of the Stock Growers in every honourable and legitimate way; and to suggest to parliament legislation to meet changing conditions and requirements. Its farming equivalent, the Saskatchewan Grain Growers Association, was the dominant political force in the province until the 1920s and had close ties with the governing Liberal party.

In the late 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan imported from the U. Ku Klux Klan ( KKK) is the name of several past and present secret domestic terrorist organizations in the United States, generally in the southern states that are S. and Ontario and gained brief popularity in WASP nativist circles in Saskatchewan and Alberta. The Klan, briefly allied with the provincial Conservative party because of their mutual dislike for Premier James G. "Jimmy" Gardiner and his Liberals (who ferociously fought the Klan) enjoyed about two years of prominence, then disappeared, the victim of widespread political and media opposition plus scandals involving their own funds. James Garfield "Jimmy" Gardiner PC (b November 30, 1883, Farhuquar Ontario - d

In 1970, the first annual Canadian Western Agribition was held in Regina. This farm industry trade show, with a heavy emphasis on livestock, is rated as one of the five top livestock shows in North America, along with those in Houston, Denver, Louisville and Toronto. The City and County of Denver (pronounced /ˈdɛnvɚ/ is the Capital and the most populous city of Colorado, in the United States Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Saskatchewan

According to the 2006 Canadian census,^[6] the largest ethnic group in Saskatchewan is German (30. Saskatchewan is the middle province of Canada's three Prairie Provinces. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as 0%), followed by English (26. The English people (from the adjective in Englisc) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to England who predominantly speak English 5%), Scottish (19. The Scots people ( Scots Gaelic: Albannaich) are a Nation and an Ethnic group indigenous to Scotland. 2%), Irish (15. The Irish people ( Irish: Muintir na hÉireann, na hÉireannaigh, na Gaeil) are a Western European Ethnic group who originate 3%), Ukrainian (13. Ukrainians (Українці Ukrayintsi,) are an East Slavic Ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly— Citizens 6%), French (12. Legal residents and citizens To be French according to the first article of the Constitution is to be a citizen of France regardless of one's origin race or religion ( 4%), First Nations (12. First Nations is a term of Ethnicity that refers to the Aboriginal peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor Métis people 1%), Norwegian (7. Norwegians See also History of Norway and Demography of Norway. 2%), Polish (6. The Polish people, or Poles, (Polacy) are a Western Slavic Ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland. 0%), Métis (4. The Métis are descendants of marriages of Cree, Ojibway Algonquin, Saulteaux, and Menominee aboriginals to Europeans, 4%), Dutch (3. The Dutch people ( Dutch:) are the dominant Ethnic group of the Netherlands. 7%), Russian (3. The Russian people (Русские— Russkie) are an East Slavic Ethnic group, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries 7%) and Swedish (3. 5%) - although 18. 1% of all respondents also identified their ethnicity as "Canadian. "

Saskatchewan's population since 1901

^[7][8]

Economy

Current Saskatchewan licence plate

Saskatchewan's economy is associated with agriculture; however, increasing diversification has meant that now agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting together make up only 6. The Canadian province of Saskatchewan requires its residents to register their Motor vehicles and display licence plates. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Forestry is the Art and Science of managing forests tree Plantations and related Natural resources. For the computer security term see Phishing. Fishing is the activity of catching Fish. Hunting is the practice of pursuing Animals for Food, Recreation, or Trade. 8% of the province's GDP. Saskatchewan grows 45% of Canada's grain. Wheat is the most familiar crop and perhaps the one stereotypically associated with the province, but other grains like canola, flax, rye, oats, peas, lentils, canary seed, and barley are also produced. Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. Canola is a type of Edible oil derived from plants initially bred in Canada by Keith Downey and Baldur Stefansson in the 1970s Flax (also known as common flax or linseed) (binomial name Linum usitatissimum) is a member of the genus Linum Rye ( Secale cereale) is a grass grown extensively as a grain and forage crop Oats redirects here It may mean either the common cereal oat discussed here or any cultivated or wild species of the Genus Avena. Barley ( Hordeum vulgare) is an annual Cereal Grain, which serves as a major animal Feed crop, with smaller amounts used for Beef cattle production in the province is only exceeded by Alberta. Mining is also a major industry in the province, with Saskatchewan being the world leader in potash and uranium exports. Mining is the extraction of valuable Minerals or other geological materials from the earth usually (but not always from an Ore body Potash (or carbonate of potash) is an impure form of Potassium carbonate ( K 2 CO3) Uranium (jʊˈreɪniəm is a silvery-gray Metallic Chemical element in the ^[9] In the northern part of the province, forestry is significant.

Oil and natural gas production is also a very important part of Saskatchewan's economy, although the oil industry is larger. An oil is a substance that is in a viscous Liquid state ( "oily") at ambient temperatures or slightly warmer and is Natural gas is a Gaseous Fossil fuel consisting primarily of Methane but including significant quantities of Ethane, Propane, Only Alberta exceeds the province in overall oil production. ^[10] Heavy crude is extracted in the Lloydminster-Kerrobert-Kindersley areas. Light crude is found in the Kindersley-Swift Current areas as well as the Weyburn-Estevan fields. Natural gas is found almost entirely in the western part of Saskatchewan, from the Primrose Lake area through Lloydminster, Unity, Kindersley, Leader, and around Maple Creek areas. ^[11]

Saskatchewan's GDP in 2006 was approximately C$45. 922 billion ^[12], with economic sectors breaking down in the following way:

A list of the top 100 companies includes The Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan, Federated Cooperatives Ltd. and IPSCO.

Major Saskatchewan-based Crown corporations are Saskatchewan Government Insurance (SGI), SaskTel, SaskEnergy (the province's main supplier of natural gas), and SaskPower. In the Commonwealth realms a Crown corporation is a State-controlled company or enterprise Created in 1945 Saskatchewan Government Insurance (SGI is a provincial Crown corporation that has been developed over the years into two linked operations Saskatchewan Telecommunications (SaskTel is a provincial Crown Corporation operating under the authority of the Saskatchewan Telecommunications Act SaskEnergy is a Crown corporation of the Saskatchewan government which delivers Natural gas to 92% of the province through a 65000 kilometre distribution SaskPower is the principal supplier of electricity in Saskatchewan, Canada. Bombardier runs the NATO Flying Training Centre at 15 Wing, near Moose Jaw. Bombardier Inc (bɔ̃baʁdje is a Canadian conglomerate, founded by Joseph-Armand Bombardier as L'Auto-Neige Bombardier Limitée in 1942 Moose Jaw is a city in south-central Saskatchewan, Canada on the Moose Jaw River 71 km (45 miles west of Regina Bombardier was awarded a long-term contract in the late 1990s for $2. 8 billion from the federal government for the purchase of military aircraft and the running of the training facility. The politics of Canada function within a framework of Constitutional monarchy and a federal system of parliamentary government with strong democratic

Provincial finances

The Tabulated Data covers the previous fiscal year (e. g. 2007 covers April 1, 2006 - March 31, 2007). All data is in $1,000s.

¹ This value reflects the estimated population at the end of the previous fiscal year.

² This value reflects the debt of all Government Service Organizations as well as Crown Corporations.

³ Values are estimates based on the mid-year financial report (population estimate is for October 1, 2007).

⁴ The Provincial Sales Tax was reduced from 7% to 5% effective October 28, 2006.

Source: Government of Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan (səˈskætʃəwən) is a prairie province in Canada, which has an area of 588276 ^[13]

Government and politics

Main articles: Politics of Saskatchewan and Monarchy in Saskatchewan

The Saskatchewan Legislative Building in Regina

Saskatchewan has the same form of government^[14] as the other Canadian provinces with a lieutenant-governor (who is the representative of the Crown in Right of Saskatchewan), premier, and a unicameral legislature. The Politics of Saskatchewan are part of the Canadian federal political system along with the other Canadian provinces. The Monarchy in Saskatchewan is the Constitutional system of government in which a hereditary Monarch is the sovereign and Head of state The Saskatchewan Legislative Building is located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, and serves as the seat of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan In Canada, the Lieutenant-Governor (lɛfˈtɛnənt often without a Hyphen) ( French: lieutenant-gouverneur, or: lieutenant-gouverneure The Monarchy in Saskatchewan is the Constitutional system of government in which a hereditary Monarch is the sovereign and Head of state A premier is a title for the Head of government in some countries A legislature is a type of representative Deliberative assembly with the power to create amend and change Laws The law created by a legislature is called Legislation

For many years, Saskatchewan has been one of Canada's more liberal provinces, reflecting many of its citizens' feelings of alienation from the interests of large capital. In 1944 Tommy Douglas became premier of the first avowedly socialist regional government in North America. Thomas Clement "Tommy" Douglas, PC, CC, SOM ( October 20, 1904 – February 24, 1986) was a Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution Most of his Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) represented rural and small-town ridings. Under his Cooperative Commonwealth Federation government, Saskatchewan became the first province to have Medicare. The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF (French Fédération du commonwealth coopératif, then Parti social démocratique du Canada) was a Canadian This article refers to medicare a name for Canada's publicly-funded health insurance system for hospital and physician services In 1961, Douglas left provincial politics to become the first leader of the federal New Democratic Party. Principles policies and electoral achievement The NDP grew from populist, agrarian and democratic socialist roots

Provincial politics in Saskatchewan is dominated by the New Democrats and the Saskatchewan Party. The Saskatchewan New Democratic Party (NDP (formerly the Saskatchewan Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) is a Social democratic Political party The Saskatchewan Party is a Centre-right Political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Numerous smaller political parties also run candidates in provincial elections, including the Liberal Party, the Green Party and the Progressive Conservative Party, but none is currently represented in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan. The Saskatchewan Liberal Party is a Political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The Green Party of Saskatchewan is a left-wing Green Political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The Progressive Conservative Party of Saskatchewan is a right-of-centre Political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan is one of two components of the Legislature of Saskatchewan, the other being the Lieutenant-Governor of Saskatchewan After 16 years of New Democratic governments under premiers Roy Romanow and Lorne Calvert, the recent 2007 provincial election was won by the Saskatchewan Party under Brad Wall. Roy John Romanow PC OC QC SOM (born August 12, 1939 in Saskatoon Saskatchewan) is a Canadian Lorne Albert Calvert MLA (born December 24, 1952 in Moose Jaw Saskatchewan) is the former premier of the Canadian The 26th Saskatchewan general election was held on November 7, 2007; the writ was dropped on October 10, 2007. Bradley John Wall MLA (born November 24, 1965 in Swift Current Saskatchewan) is a Canadian Politician

Federally, the province has been a stronghold of the New Democratic Party, although recent elections have been dominated by the Conservative Party. The Conservative Party of Canada ( Parti conservateur du Canada) colloquially known as the " Tories " is a conservative Of the 14 federal constituencies in Saskatchewan, 12 were won by members of the Conservative Party of Canada in 2006, and 13 of 14 were won by Conservatives in 2004, while the federal New Democratic Party has been shut out of the province for two consecutive elections. Since the resignation of Gary Merasty from the House of Commons, the only Liberal Member of Parliament in the province is former Finance Minister Ralph Goodale. Gary Merasty, BEd, MEd, (born September 22, 1964 in Winnipeg, Manitoba and raised in Pelican Narrows, Ralph Edward Goodale, PC, MP (born October 5, 1949, in Regina Saskatchewan) was Canada 's Minister of Finance

Politically, the province is characterized by a dramatic urban-rural split — the federal and provincial New Democratic Party dominate in the cities, while the Saskatchewan Party and the federal Conservatives are stronger in the rural parts of the province. Rural areas can be large and isolated (also referred to as "the country" and/or "the countryside over the course of time While both Saskatoon and Regina (Saskatchewan's largest cities) are roughly twice the population of an urban riding in Canada, both are split into multiple ridings that blend them with rural communities.

Municipalities

Ten largest municipalities by population

This list does not include Lloydminster, which has a total population of 24,028 but straddles the Alberta-Saskatchewan border. Saskatoon is a city located in central Saskatchewan, Canada, on the South Saskatchewan River, with a Regina (rɨˈdʒaɪnə is the capital of Saskatchewan, Canada. Prince Albert is the third-largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. Moose Jaw is a city in south-central Saskatchewan, Canada on the Moose Jaw River 71 km (45 miles west of Regina Swift Current is a small City in Southwest Saskatchewan. It is situated along the Trans Canada Highway Estevan is the eighth largest City in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located at, which is near the southeastern corner of the Province. The Rural Municipality of Corman Park No 344 Saskatchewan is located around the city of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Lloydminster is a Canadian City which has the unusual geographic distinction of straddling a provincial As of 2006, only 8,118 people lived on the Saskatchewan side, which would make it Saskatchewan's 11th largest municipality. All of the listed communities are considered cities by the province, with the exception of Corman Park, which is a rural municipality. Municipalities in the province with a population of 5,000 or more can receive official city status.

Education

Main articles: Education in Saskatchewan and List of Saskatchewan school divisions

The first education on the prairies was learned within the family group of the first nation or early fur trading family settlers. Education in Saskatchewan teaches a Curriculum of Learning set out by the Government of Saskatchewan department, the Ministry of Learning A list of Saskatchewan school divisions This is a list of current provincial consolidated school divisions of which most started after 1940 There were only a few missionary or trading post schools established in Rupert's Land later known as the North West Territories. Rupert's Land, also sometimes called "Prince Rupert's Land" was a territory in British North America, consisting of the Hudson Bay drainage basin, that This is a timeline of the territorial evolution of the borders of Canada, listing each change to the internal and external borders of the country

The first 76 North West Territories school districts and the first Board of Education meeting formed in 1886. The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory The immigration boom formed ethnic bloc settlements. A block settlement is particular type of land distribution which allows Settlers with the same Ethnicity to form small Colonies. Communities were seeking education for their children similar to the schools of their home land. Log cabins, and dwellings were constructed for the assembly of the community, school, church, dances and meetings.

The roaring twenties and established farmers who have successfully proved up on their homesteads helped provide funding to standardize education. Roaring Twenties is a phrase used to describe the 1920s principally in North America, that emphasizes the period's social artistic and cultural dynamism Text books, normal schools for formally educated teachers, school curricula, state of the art school house architectural plans, provided continuity throughout the province. English as the school language helped to provide economic stability because one community could communicate with another and goods could be traded and sold in a common language. The number of one-room school house districts across Saskatchewan totalled approximately 5,000 at the height of the one-room school house educational system in the late 1940s.

Following World War II, the transition from many one room school houses to fewer and larger consolidated modern technological town and city schools occurred as a means of ensuring technical education. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including School buses, highways, and family vehicles create ease and accessibility of a population shift to larger towns and cities. Combines and tractors mean that the farmer could successfully manage more than a quarter section of land, so there was a shift from family farms and subsistence crops to cash crops grown on many sections of land. Subsistence agriculture is self-sufficient farming in which farmers grow only enough food to feed the family and to pay taxes or feudal dues In Agriculture, a cash crop is a crop which is grown for Money.

School vouchers have been newly proposed as a means of allowing competition between rural schools and making the operation of co-operative schools practicable in rural areas. A school voucher, also called an education voucher, is a certificate issued by the government by which parents can pay for the Education of their children at a

Provincial symbols

Flag

Saskatchewan's flag was officially dedicated on September 22, 1969. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The flag features the Armorial Bearing (Coat-of-Arms) in the upper quarter nearest the staff, with the floral emblem, the Prairie Lily, in the fly. The upper green half of the flag represents the northern Saskatchewan forest lands, while the gold lower half symbolizes the southern prairie wheat fields. A province-wide competition was held to design the flag, and drew over 4,000 entries. The winning design was by Anthony Drake, then living in Hodgeville. Hodgeville is a Village in southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada, located approximately 34 km south of the

Saskatchewan's heraldic shield contains a red lion on a yellow field, reversing the conventional heraldic colours, indicating the prairie fires of this region during the pre-settlement North-West Territories.

Tartan

Saskatchewan's official tartan was registered with the Court of Lord Lyon King of Arms in Scotland in 1961. Tartan is a pattern consisting of criss-crossed horizontal and vertical bands in multiple colours Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It has has seven colours: gold, brown, green, red, yellow, white and black.

Centennial celebrations

The Saskatchewan Centennial Coin.

In 2005, Saskatchewan celebrated its centennial. To honour it the Royal Canadian Mint issued a commemorative five-dollar coin depicting Canada's wheat fields as well as a circulation 25-cent coin of a similar design. The Royal Canadian Mint (RCM French: Monnaie royale canadienne) produces all of Canada 's circulation Coins and manufactures circulation The quarter is a Canadian Coin, valued at 25 cents or one-fourth of a Canadian dollar. Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh visited Regina, Saskatoon and Lumsden, and the Saskatchewan-reared Joni Mitchell issued an album in Saskatchewan's honour. For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II The Duke of Edinburgh is a Dukedom associated with Edinburgh, Scotland. Lumsden is a Town in the Qu'Appelle Valley in south central Saskatchewan, Canada, 31 km northwest of Regina. Joni Mitchell, CC (born Roberta Joan Anderson on November 7 1943) is a Canadian Musician, Songwriter, and

Healthcare

Saskatchewan's medical health system is widely characterised as "socialised medicine," with medical practitioners in Saskatchewan, as in other Canadian provinces, remitting their accounts to the publicly funded Saskatchewan Medical Care Insurance Plan rather than to patients ^[15]. Unlike in Medicare in Australia or the National Health Service in the United Kingdom, which also have universal health care schemes, doctors are not permitted directly to supercharge patients over and above the statutory tariff for their services, and supplementary private health insurance is banned. This article describes the Australian universal health scheme Medicare The National Health Service is the name commonly used to refer to the four Publicly-funded healthcare systems of the United Kingdom collectively or individually (although The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located

Popular culture

The most famous representations of Saskatchewan in modern popular culture come from the popular Canadian television sitcoms Corner Gas and Little Mosque on the Prairie, both of which are set in small towns. Corner Gas is a Canadian Television sitcom created by Brent Butt and airing on CTV and in the United States on WGN Little Mosque on the Prairie is a Canadian Sitcom on CBC Television, created by Zarqa Nawaz. The novels of W. O. Mitchell, Sinclair Ross, Frederick Philip Grove, Guy Vanderhaeghe, Michael Helm and Gail Bowen are also frequently set in Saskatchewan. William Ormond Mitchell PC, OC, DLitt better known as WO Mitchell ( March 13, 1914 &ndash February 25, James Sinclair Ross ( January 22, 1908 - February 29, 1996) was a Canadian Banker and Author, best known for his fiction The Canadian author Frederick Philip Grove ( February 14, 1879 - August 19, 1948) was actually a German - Canadian Author Guy Clarence Vanderhaeghe, OC, SOM, (born April 5, 1951) is a Canadian Fiction author Michael Helm is a Canadian novelist Helm was born in Eston, Saskatchewan, and studied literature at the University of Toronto after receiving Gail Dianne Bowen, née Bartholomew (born 22 September 1942) is a Canadian Playwright and writer of mystery novels

The English naturalist "Grey Owl" spent much of his life living and studying in what is now Prince Albert National Park. Grey Owl (or Wa-sha-quon-asin, from the Ojibwe wenjiganoozhiinh, meaning " Great horned owl " or " Great grey owl Prince Albert National Park covers 3874 km² (1496 mi² in central Saskatchewan, Canada and is located 200 kilometres (120 miles north of Saskatoon.

Arts and culture

Main article: Culture of Saskatchewan

For other uses, see Tourism in Saskatchewan. Culture of Saskatchewan views the patterns of human activity in the central prairie province of Canada examing the way people live in the geography, climate and social Saskatchewan offers two major cities Regina and Saskatoon. Regina is home to one of Canada's most significant attractions the Royal Canadian Mounted Police

Museums and galleries

• Duck Lake Regional Interpretive Centre
• MacKenzie Art Gallery
• Mendel Art Gallery
• Museums Association of Saskatchewan
• Shurniak Art Gallery
• RCMP Heritage Centre
• Royal Saskatchewan Museum
• Saskatchewan Western Development Museum
• Ukrainian Museum of Canada

Artist-Run centres

• AKA Gallery
• PAVED Arts
• Neutral Ground Artist-Run Centre and Soil Digital Media Suite, Regina
• The Gallery on Sherbrooke, Wolseley

Artists

• Dr William Hobbs, prairie and railways painter. The Mendel Art Gallery is a major creative cultural centre in City Park, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, opened in 1964 The RCMP Heritage Centre ( French: Le Centre du patrimoine de la GRC) was officially opened May 23 2007 in Regina Saskatchewan, The Saskatchewan Western Development Museum is a network of four Museums in Saskatchewan, Canada preserving and recording the social and economic development William George Reginald Hobbs was born on 16 May 1927 at Whitegates in Alderney, Channel Islands.
• Joe Fafard, sculptor

Law and order

Police agencies

• Estevan Police Service
• File Hills First Nation Police Service
• Moose Jaw Police Service
• Prince Albert Police Service
• Regina Police Service
• RM of Corman Park Police Service
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police
• Saskatoon Police Service
• Weyburn Police Service

Correctional facilities

• Pine Grove Correctional Centre
• Prince Albert Correctional Centre
• Regina Correctional Centre
• Regina Paul Dojack Youth Centre
• Saskatchewan Penitentiary
• Saskatoon correctional centre
• Saskatoon Kilburn Hall

See also

• Culture of Saskatchewan
• Tourism in Saskatchewan
• 45561 Saskatchewan British Jubilee Class locomotive named after the province. Joseph Fafard (born September 2, 1942) is a Canadian sculptor. Regina Police Service, formed in 1892 is the municipal police force for the City of Regina Saskatchewan. Saskatoon Police Service (SPS is the municipal police force in Saskatoon Saskatchewan, Canada. The Saskatoon Correctional Centre is an adult male provincial correctional centre located in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Culture of Saskatchewan views the patterns of human activity in the central prairie province of Canada examing the way people live in the geography, climate and social Saskatchewan offers two major cities Regina and Saskatoon. Regina is home to one of Canada's most significant attractions the Royal Canadian Mounted Police The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS Jubilee Class was a class of Steam locomotive designed for mainline passenger
• District of Assiniboia
• Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan
• List of airports in Saskatchewan
• List of Canadian provincial and territorial symbols
• List of cities in Canada
• List of communities in Saskatchewan
• List of Leaders of the Opposition in Saskatchewan
• List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan
• List of Saskatchewan general elections
• List of Saskatchewan lieutenant-governors
• List of Saskatchewan premiers
• List of Saskatchewan-related topics
• List of Saskatchewan rivers
• List of towns in Saskatchewan
• Monarchy in Saskatchewan
• Saskatchewan Film and Video Classification Board
• Scouting in Saskatchewan
• The Saskatchewan Act

Notes

References

• Archer, John H. Saskatchewan: A History. Saskatoon: Western Producer Prairie Books, 1980. 422 pp.
• Bennett, John W. and Kohl, Seena B. Settling the Canadian-American West, 1890-1915: Pioneer Adaptation and Community Building. An Anthropological History. U. of Nebraska Pr. , 1995. 311 pp.
• Bill Waiser. Saskatchewan: A New History (2006)
• Bocking, D. H. , ed. Pages from the Past: Essays on Saskatchewan History. Saskatoon: Western Producer Prairie Books, 1979. 299 pp.
• LaPointe, Richard and Tessier, Lucille. The Francophones of Saskatchewan: A History. Regina: U. of Regina, Campion Coll. , 1988. 329 pp.
• Lipset, Seymour M. Agrarian Socialism: The Cooperative Commonwealth Federation in Saskatchewan: A Study in Political Sociology, University of California Press, 1950. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
• Martin, Robin Shades of Right: Nativist and Fascist Politics in Canada, 1920-1940, University of Toronto Press, 1992.
• Smith, David E. , ed. Building a Province: A History of Saskatchewan in Documents. Saskatoon: Fifth House, 1993. 443 pp.
• Smith, Dennis. Rogue Tory: The Life and Legend of John G. Diefenbaker. Toronto: Macfarlane Walter & Ross, 1995. 702 pp.

External links

• CBC Digital Archives - Saskatchewan @ 100
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police
• Government of Saskatchewan
• Saskatchewan!
• SaskTourism

Coordinates: 55°7′N 106°3′W / 55.117, -106.05 (Saskatchewan)