| City and County of San Francisco | |||
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| Nickname: The City by the Bay, San Fran, Frisco,[1] The City That Knows How[2][3] Baghdad by the Bay[4] | |||
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| Coordinates: | |||
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| Country | United States | ||
| State | California | ||
| City-County | San Francisco | ||
| Founded | 1776 | ||
| Incorporated | April 15, 1850 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Gavin Newsom | ||
| Area | |||
| - City | 231. The Marin Headlands is a hilly area at the southernmost end of Marin County California, above the Golden Gate. The Flag of San Francisco California depicts a rising phoenix, often assumed to be symbol of the city's recovery from the 1906 Earthquake and The seal of San Francisco California, which was adopted in the 1850s depicts two working men on one side a miner and on the other a sailor with a Sextant A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. In American Local government, a consolidated city-county is a city and county that have been merged into one unified jurisdiction A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to cities, counties, Towns Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English For the game see 1850 (board game. 1850 ( MDCCCL) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link The Mayor of the City and County of San Francisco is the head of the government of San Francisco, California. Gavin Christopher Newsom (born October 10 1967 is the current mayor of San Francisco. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 92 sq mi (600. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 7 km²) | ||
| - Land | 46. To help compare different Orders of magnitude and geographical regions we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km² 7 sq mi (121. 0 km²) | ||
| - Water | 185. 2 sq mi (479. 71 km²) | ||
| - Metro | 3,524. 4 sq mi (8,869. 3 km²) | ||
| Elevation | 52 ft (16 m) | ||
| Population (2007)[5][6] [7] | |||
| - City | 764,976 | ||
| - Density | 15,834/sq mi (6,111/km²) | ||
| - Urban | 4,203,898 | ||
| - Metro | 7,264,887 | ||
| Time zone | Pacific Standard Time (UTC-8) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-7) | ||
| ZIP code | 94101-94112, 94114-94147, 94150-94170, 94172, 94175, 94177 | ||
| Area code(s) | 415 | ||
| Website: http://www.sfgov.org | |||
The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city in California and the 14th most populous city in the United States, with a 2007 estimated population of 764,976. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central The Pacific Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting eight hours from Coordinated Universal Time ( UTC-8) UTC−8 is a band of Timezones separated from the Universal Coordinated Time by 8 hours Daylight saving time ( DST The Pacific Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting eight hours from Coordinated Universal Time ( UTC-8) UTC−7 can be observed in Mountain Standard Time Zone Pacific Daylight Time Zone Canada The ZIP code is the system of Postal codes used by the United States Postal Service (USPS A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 415 is the Telephone Area code for San Francisco, as well as portions of neighboring Brisbane and Daly City; and California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [6] One of the most densely populated major American cities,[8] San Francisco is part of the much larger San Francisco Bay Area, which is home to approximately 7. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The San Francisco Bay Area, commonly known as the Bay Area, or the Bay, is a geographically and ethnically diverse metropolitan region that surrounds the 2 million people. The city is located on the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula, with the Pacific Ocean to the west, San Francisco Bay to the east, and the Golden Gate to the north. The San Francisco Peninsula in California separates the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions San Francisco Bay is a shallow productive Estuary through which water draining from approximately forty percent of California, flowing in the Sacramento The Golden Gate is the North American Strait connecting San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean.
In 1776, the Spanish settled the tip of the peninsula, establishing a fort at the Golden Gate and a mission named for Francis of Assisi. The Spanish colonization of the Americas was Spain 's conquest settlement and rule over much of the Western hemisphere. The Presidio of San Francisco (originally El Presidio Real de San Francisco or Royal Presidio of San Francisco) is a park on the northern tip of the San Mission San Francisco de Asís is the oldest surviving structure in San Francisco and the sixth religious settlement established as part of the California chain of missions For the opera by Olivier Messiaen see Saint-François d'Assise. The California Gold Rush in 1848 propelled the city into a period of rapid growth, transforming into the largest city on the West Coast of the United States at the time. The California Gold Rush (1848&ndash1855 began on January 24 1848 when Gold was discovered by James Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California The " West Coast " " Western Seaboard " or " Pacific Seaboard " are terms for the westernmost coastal states of the Western United States After being devastated by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. The Panama-Pacific International Exposition (PPIE was a World's fair held in San Francisco California between February 20 and December 4 in During World War II, San Francisco was the send-off point for many soldiers to the Pacific Theater. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Pacific Ocean theater was one of four major naval theatres of war of the Second World War that pitted forces of the Japan against those of the United After the war, the confluence of returning servicemen, massive immigration, liberalizing attitudes, and other factors gave rise to the Summer of Love and the gay rights movement, cementing San Francisco as a liberal bastion in the United States. This article refers to the summer of 1967 For the film of a similar name please go to My Summer of Love. Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender social movements share related goals of social acceptance of Homosexuality, Bisexuality and Transgenderism Lesbian
San Francisco is a popular international tourist destination famous for its landmarks, including the Golden Gate Bridge, Alcatraz Island, the cable cars, Coit Tower, and Chinatown, its steep rolling hills, and its eclectic mix of Victorian and modern architecture. The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension Bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay onto the Pacific Ocean Alcatraz Island, sometimes informally referred to as simply Alcatraz or locally as the Rock, is a small island located in the middle of San Francisco Bay The San Francisco cable car system is the world's last permanently operational manually-operated cable car system and is an icon of San Francisco, California Coit Tower was built atop Telegraph Hill in 1933 at the bequest of Lillie Hitchcock Coit to beautify the City of San Francisco. San Francisco 's Chinatown is the oldest Chinatown in North America. The term Victorian architecture can refer to one of a number of Architectural styles predominantly employed during the Victorian era. This article is concerned with architectural aspects of Modernism; for the most recent developments in architecture see Contemporary architecture. The city is also known for its diverse, cosmopolitan population, including large and long-established Asian American and LGBT communities. Asian Americans are Americans of Asian ancestry. They include sub-ethnic groups such as Chinese Americans Filipino Americans Indian LGBT (also GLBT) is an initialism referring collectively to Lesbian, Gay, bisexual, and Transgender / transsexual
Contents |
History
The earliest archaeological evidence of inhabitation of the territory of the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC. The history of San Francisco, California, has been greatly influenced by its coastal location which has made it a natural center for maritime trade and military activity [9] The Yelamu group of the Ohlone people resided in several small villages when a Spanish exploration party, led by Don Gaspar de Portolà arrived on November 2, 1769, the first documented European discovery of San Francisco Bay. The Yelamu were a tribe of Native Americans of Northern California in the Ohlone (Coastanoan language group The Ohlone people also known as the Costanoan and as the Muwekma, are the indigenous people of Northern California who have lived in the The Spanish colonization of the Americas was Spain 's conquest settlement and rule over much of the Western hemisphere. Gaspar de Portolà i Rovira (1716 1784 was a soldier Governor of Baja and Alta California (1767&ndash1770 Explorer and founder of Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Year 1769 ( MDCCLXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a San Francisco Bay is a shallow productive Estuary through which water draining from approximately forty percent of California, flowing in the Sacramento [10] Seven years later, on March 28, 1776, the Spanish established a fort, followed by a mission, Mission San Francisco de Asís (Mission Dolores). Events 37 - Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate. Year 1776 ( MDCCLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Presidio of San Francisco (originally El Presidio Real de San Francisco or Royal Presidio of San Francisco) is a park on the northern tip of the San The Spanish missions in California comprise a series of Religious outposts established by Spanish Catholics of the Franciscan Order between Mission San Francisco de Asís is the oldest surviving structure in San Francisco and the sixth religious settlement established as part of the California chain of missions
Upon independence from Spain in 1821, the area became part of Mexico. Mission San Francisco de Asís is the oldest surviving structure in San Francisco and the sixth religious settlement established as part of the California chain of missions The Mexican War of Independence (1810 - 1821 was an armed conflict between the people of Mexico and Spanish colonial authorities which started on September 16 1810 Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. In 1835, Englishman William Richardson erected the first significant homestead outside the immediate vicinity of the Mission Dolores,[11] near a boat anchorage around what is today Portsmouth Square. William A Richardson ( August 27, 1795 – April 20, 1856) was an early California entrepreneur influential in the development of Portsmouth Square ( Chinese 花園角廣場 is a one-block Park in Chinatown San Francisco California that is bounded by Kearny Street on Together with Mission Alcalde Francisco de Haro, he laid out a street plan for the expanded settlement, and the town, named Yerba Buena, began to attract American settlers. Alcalde () or Alcalde ordinario, is the traditional Spanish municipal magistrate who had both Judicial and administrative functions Don Francisco de Haro (1792 &ndash November 28, 1849) was the first Alcalde ( Mayor) of Yerba Buena in 1834 Yerba Buena was the name of a town in the Mexican territory of Alta California that became the city of San Francisco California, after it was claimed by Commodore John D. Sloat claimed California for the United States on July 7, 1846, during the Mexican-American War, and Captain John B. Montgomery arrived to claim Yerba Buena two days later. John Drake Sloat ( July 6, 1781 November 28, 1867) was a commodore in the United States Navy and in 1846 The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death For the game see 1846 (board game. Year 1846 ( MDCCCXLVI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display John Berrien Montgomery (1794 &ndash 25 March 1872) was an officer in the United States Navy who served during the Mexican-American War and Yerba Buena was renamed San Francisco the next year. [12] Despite its attractive location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography.
The California Gold Rush brought a flood of treasure seekers. The California Gold Rush (1848&ndash1855 began on January 24 1848 when Gold was discovered by James Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California With their sourdough bread in tow,[13] prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival Benicia,[14] raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849. Sourdough (or more formally natural leaven or Levain) refers to the process of leavening Bread by capturing wild Yeasts Benicia is a waterside city in Solano County, California, United States. [15] The promise of fabulous riches was so strong that crews on arriving vessels deserted and rushed off to the gold fields, leaving behind a forest of masts in San Francisco harbor. [16] California was quickly granted statehood and the U. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government S. military built Fort Point at the Golden Gate and a fort on Alcatraz island to secure the San Francisco Bay. Fort Point is located at the southern side of the Golden Gate at the entrance to San Francisco Bay. The Golden Gate is the North American Strait connecting San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean. Alcatraz Island, sometimes informally referred to as simply Alcatraz or locally as the Rock, is a small island located in the middle of San Francisco Bay Silver discoveries, including the Comstock Lode in 1859, further drove rapid population growth. The Comstock Lode was the first major US deposit of Silver Ore, discovered under what is now Virginia City Nevada on the eastern slope of Mt With hordes of fortune seekers streaming through the city, lawlessness was common, and the Barbary Coast section of town gained notoriety as a haven for criminals, prostitution, and gambling. Barbary Coast was a pleasure quarter in old San Francisco California.
Entrepreneurs sought to capitalize on the wealth generated by the Gold Rush. An entrepreneur is a person who has possession over a company enterprise, or Venture, and assumes significant accountability for the inherent risks and the outcome Early winners were the banking industry, which saw the founding of Wells Fargo in 1852, and the railroad industry, as the magnates of the Big Four, led by Leland Stanford, collaborated in the building of the First Transcontinental Railroad. A banker or bank is a Financial institution whose primary activity is to act as a payment agent for customers and to borrow and lend money Wells Fargo & Co ( is a diversified Financial services company headquartered in San Francisco California, United States with operations around the "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. A business magnate, sometimes referred to as a mogul, tycoon, baron, or industrialist, is a person who has reached a prominent place in The Big Four was the name popularly given to the chief Entrepreneurs in the building of the Central Pacific Railroad, the western portion of the First Amasa Leland Stanford ( March 9, 1824 June 21, 1893) was an American Tycoon, Politician and founder of This article refers to a railroad built in the United States between Omaha and Sacramento completed in 1869 The development of the Port of San Francisco established the city as a center of trade. The Port of San Francisco lies on the western edge of the San Francisco Bay near the Golden Gate. Trade is the willing exchange of goods, services, or both Trade is also called Commerce. Catering to the needs and tastes of the growing population, Levi Strauss opened a dry goods business and Domingo Ghirardelli began manufacturing chocolate. Levi Strauss, born Löb Strauß, ( February 26, 1829 - September 26, 1902) was a German - Jewish immigrant Domenico Ghirardelli Sr (1817-1894 was born in Rapallo, Italy in 1817 the son and apprentice of a Chocolatier. Chocolate ( pronounced or /-ˈələt/ comprises a number of raw and processed foods that are produced from the seed of the tropical Cacao tree Immigrant laborers made the city a polyglot culture, with Chinese railroad workers creating the city's Chinatown quarter. Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. San Francisco 's Chinatown is the oldest Chinatown in North America. The first cable cars carried San Franciscans up Clay Street in 1873. The San Francisco cable car system is the world's last permanently operational manually-operated cable car system and is an icon of San Francisco, California The Clay Street Hill Railroad was the first successful cable hauled street railway. The city's sea of Victorian houses began to take shape, and civic leaders campaigned for a spacious public park, resulting in plans for Golden Gate Park. A Victorian house is a term generally used to describe a house built during the Victorian era (1840-1904 a time of rapid industrialization in Europe and Golden Gate Park, located in San Francisco California, is a large Urban park consisting of 1017 acres (4 San Franciscans built schools, churches, theaters, and all the hallmarks of civic life. The Presidio developed into the most important American military installation on the Pacific coast. The Presidio of San Francisco (originally El Presidio Real de San Francisco or Royal Presidio of San Francisco) is a park on the northern tip of the San [17] By the turn of the century, San Francisco was a major city known for its flamboyant style, stately hotels, ostentatious mansions on Nob Hill, and a thriving arts scene. Nob Hill refers to a small district in San Francisco California adjacent to the intersection of California and Powell streets (and the respective cable car lines
At 5:12 am on April 18, 1906, a major earthquake struck San Francisco and Northern California. Jack London (January 12 1876 &ndash November 22 1916 was an American author who wrote The Call of the Wild, White Fang, and The Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland. Year 1906 ( MCMVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting As buildings collapsed from the shaking, ruptured gas lines ignited fires that would spread across the city and burn out of control for several days. With water mains out of service, the Presidio Artillery Corps attempted to contain the inferno by dynamiting blocks of buildings to create firebreaks. [19] More than three-quarters of the city lay in ruins, including almost all of the downtown core. [20] Contemporary accounts reported that 498 people lost their lives, though modern estimates put the number in the several thousands. [21] More than half the city's population of 400,000 were left homeless. [22] Refugees settled temporarily in makeshift tent villages in Golden Gate Park, the Presidio, on the beaches, and elsewhere. Many fled permanently to the East Bay. The East Bay is a subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area, California, United States and comprises Alameda and Contra Costa Counties
Rebuilding was rapid and performed on a grand scale. For the opera house in Mexico City, see Palacio de Bellas Artes, and for the Palace of Fine Arts that was part of Chicago 's White The Panama-Pacific International Exposition (PPIE was a World's fair held in San Francisco California between February 20 and December 4 in Rejecting calls to completely remake the street grid, San Franciscans opted for speed. [23] Amadeo Giannini's Bank of Italy, later to become Bank of America, provided loans for many of those whose livelihoods had been devastated. Amadeo Pietro Giannini (1870 – 1949 born in San Jose California, was the founder of Bank of America. The Bank of Italy was founded in San Francisco California, USA, in 1904 by Amadeo Giannini. Banc of America Securities Bank of America () is the largest bank by asset and second largest commercial Bank by deposits and Market capitalization in United The destroyed mansions of Nob Hill became grand hotels. City Hall rose once again in splendorous Beaux Arts style, and the city celebrated its rebirth at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition in 1915. The City Hall of San Francisco, California opened in 1915 in its open space area in the city's Civic Center, is a Beaux-Arts monument to the brief " Beaux Arts architecture denotes the academic classical Architectural style that was taught at the École des Beaux Arts in Paris. The Panama-Pacific International Exposition (PPIE was a World's fair held in San Francisco California between February 20 and December 4 in
In ensuing years, the city solidified its standing as a financial capital; in the wake of the 1929 stock market crash, not a single San Francisco-based bank failed. The Wall Street Crash of 1929, also known as the ’29 Crash, the Crash of 1929, the Great Crash of 1929, the Great Crash of October 1929 [24] Indeed, it was at the height of the Great Depression that San Francisco undertook two great civil engineering projects, simultaneously constructing the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge, completing them in 1936 and 1937 respectively. The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension Bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay onto the Pacific Ocean It was in this period that the island of Alcatraz, a former military stockade, began its service as a federal maximum security prison, housing notorious inmates such as Al Capone. Alcatraz Island, sometimes informally referred to as simply Alcatraz or locally as the Rock, is a small island located in the middle of San Francisco Bay A military is an Organization authorized by its Nation to use force usually including use of Weapons in defending its Country (or by attacking Alphonse Gabriel "Al" Capone (January 17 1899 &ndash January 25 1947 commonly nicknamed Scarface, was an Italian American Gangster who San Francisco later celebrated its regained grandeur with a World's Fair, the Golden Gate International Exposition in 1939–40, creating Treasure Island in the middle of the bay to house it. Expo (short for "exposition" and also known as World Fair and World's Fair) is the name given to various large public exhibitions held since the Golden Gate International Exposition (1939 and 1940 was held at San Francisco California to celebrate two newly-built bridges Treasure Island is an Artificial island in the San Francisco Bay between San Francisco and Oakland.
During World War II, the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard became a hub of activity and Fort Mason became the primary port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater of Operations. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including San Francisco Naval Shipyard was a United States Navy Shipyard in San Francisco California, located on 638 acres (2 Fort Mason, also known as San Francisco Port of Embarkation US Army, in San Francisco California is a former United States Army post located in the northern The Pacific Theater of Operations (PTO was the World War II military activity in the Pacific Ocean and the countries bordering it a geographic scope [25] The explosion of jobs drew many people, especially African Americans from the South, to the area. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa After the end of the war, many military personnel returning from service abroad and civilians who had originally come to work decided to stay. The UN Charter creating the United Nations was drafted and signed in San Francisco in 1945 and, in 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco officially ended the war with Japan. The United Nations Charter is the Treaty that forms and establishes the International organization called the United Nations. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Attending countries Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, Chile The Pacific War was the part of World War II —and preceding conflicts—that took place in the Pacific Ocean, its islands and in East Asia, between
Urban planning projects in the 1950s and 1960s saw widespread destruction and redevelopment of westside neighborhoods and the construction of new freeways, of which only a series of short segments were built before being halted by citizen-led opposition. [26] The Transamerica Pyramid was completed in 1972,[27] and in the 1980s the Manhattanization of San Francisco saw extensive high-rise development downtown. The Transamerica Pyramid is the tallest and most recognizable Skyscraper in the San Francisco Skyline. Manhattanization is a Neologism coined to A high-rise is a tall Building or structure Normally the function of the building is added for example high-rise Apartment building or [28] Port activity moved to Oakland, the city began to lose industrial jobs, and San Francisco began to turn to tourism as the most important segment of its economy. The Port of Oakland was the first major port on the Pacific Coast of the United States to build terminals for Container ships It is now the fourth busiest container The suburbs experienced rapid growth and San Francisco underwent significant demographic change, as large segments of the white population left the city, supplanted by an increasing wave of immigration from Asia and Latin America. American immigration ( emigration to the United States of America) refers to the movement of non-residents to the United States. [29][30] Over this same period, San Francisco became a magnet for America's counterculture. Counterculture (also " counter-culture " is a sociological term used to describe the values and norms of behavior of a Cultural group, or Beat Generation writers fueled the San Francisco Renaissance and centered on the North Beach neighborhood in the 1950s. The term San Francisco Renaissance is used as a global designation for a range of poetic activity centered around that city and which brought it to prominence North Beach is a neighborhood in the northeast of San Francisco adjacent to Chinatown and Fisherman's Wharf. Hippies flocked to Haight-Ashbury in the 1960s, reaching a peak with the 1967 Summer of Love. The Hippie Subculture was originally a Youth movement that began in the United States during the early 1960s and spread around the world Haight-Ashbury is a district of San Francisco, California, US, named for the intersection of Haight and Ashbury Streets This article refers to the summer of 1967 For the film of a similar name please go to My Summer of Love. In the 1970s, the city became a center of the gay rights movement, with the emergence of The Castro as an urban gay village, the election of Harvey Milk to the Board of Supervisors, and his assassination, along with that of Mayor George Moscone, in 1978. Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender social movements share related goals of social acceptance of Homosexuality, Bisexuality and Transgenderism Lesbian The Castro District better known as The Castro is a neighborhood within Eureka Valley in San Francisco California. A gay village (also known as a gay neighborhood or by the slang gayborhood) is an urban geographic location with generally recognized boundaries Harvey Bernard Milk (May 22 1930 – November 27 1978 was an American politician and the first openly gay man to be elected to public office in California as a member of the The San Francisco Board of Supervisors is the legislature of the City and County of San Francisco, California. George Richard Moscone (November 24 1929&ndashNovember 27 1978 (mɒsˈkoʊni was an American attorney and Democratic politician
The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake caused destruction and loss of life throughout the Bay Area. The Loma Prieta earthquake, also known as the Quake of '89 and the World Series Quake, was a major Earthquake that struck the San Francisco Bay In San Francisco, the quake severely damaged structures in the Marina and South of Market districts and precipitated the demolition of the damaged Embarcadero Freeway and much of the damaged Central Freeway, allowing the city to reclaim its historic downtown waterfront. The Marina District is one of the northern districts of San Francisco, California. "SoMa" redirects here For the SoMa in Vancouver see South Main. State Route 480 was a proposed State highway in San Francisco California, United States, consisting of the elevated double-decker Embarcadero Freeway The Central Freeway is a roughly one-mile (15 km Elevated freeway in San Francisco California, United States, connecting the Bayshore /
During the dot-com boom of the late 1990s, startup companies invigorated the economy. The " dot-com bubble " (or sometimes the " IT bubble " was a speculative bubble covering roughly 1995–2001 (with a climax on March 10 A startup company or start-up is a Company with a limited operating history Large numbers of entrepreneurs and computer application developers moved into the city, followed by marketing and sales professionals that changed the social landscape as once poorer neighborhoods became gentrified. Gentrification, or urban gentrification, is the change in an Urban area associated with the movement of more affluent individuals into a lower-class When the bubble burst in 2001, many of these companies folded and their employees left, although high technology and entrepreneurship continued to be mainstays of the San Francisco economy.
Geography
San Francisco is located on the west coast of the U. San Mateo County ( "san muh-TAY-o") ( Spanish for: St The " West Coast " " Western Seaboard " or " Pacific Seaboard " are terms for the westernmost coastal states of the Western United States S. at the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula and includes significant stretches of the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay within its boundaries. The San Francisco Peninsula in California separates the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions San Francisco Bay is a shallow productive Estuary through which water draining from approximately forty percent of California, flowing in the Sacramento Several islands are part of the city, notably Alcatraz, Treasure Island, and the adjacent Yerba Buena Island, together with small portions of Alameda Island, Angel Island, and Red Rock Island. There are many islands in San Francisco Bay. This list includes Alameda Island Alcatraz Island Angel Island Alcatraz Island, sometimes informally referred to as simply Alcatraz or locally as the Rock, is a small island located in the middle of San Francisco Bay Treasure Island is an Artificial island in the San Francisco Bay between San Francisco and Oakland. "Sea Bird Island" and "Seabird Island" redirect here Alameda is a city in Alameda County, California, United States. Angel Island is an island in San Francisco Bay that offers spectacular views of the San Francisco skyline the Marin County Headlands and Mount Red Rock Island is an uninhabited 58 Acre (23 ha) island in the San Francisco Bay located just south of the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge Also included are the uninhabited Farallon Islands, 27 miles (43 km) offshore in the Pacific Ocean. The Farallon Islands, or Farallones, are a group of Islands and rocks found in the Gulf of the Farallones, off the coast of San Francisco, The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions The mainland within the city limits roughly forms a seven-by-seven-mile square (11-by-11 km), which has become a colloquialism referring to the city's shape.
San Francisco is famous for its hills. There are more than 50 hills within city limits. [31] Some neighborhoods are named after the hill on which they are situated, including Nob Hill, Pacific Heights, Russian Hill, Potrero Hill, and Telegraph Hill. Nob Hill refers to a small district in San Francisco California adjacent to the intersection of California and Powell streets (and the respective cable car lines Pacific Heights is an affluent Neighborhood of San Francisco, California, on the north side of California Street in the city Russian Hill is an affluent, largely residential neighborhood of San Francisco California, in the United States. Potrero Hill is a neighborhood in San Francisco California, USA located on the east side of the city east of the Mission District and south of the South of Telegraph Hill (elev 275 ft 83 m refers to a small district in San Francisco California.
Near the geographic center of the city, southwest of the downtown area, are a series of less densely populated hills. Dominating this area is Mount Sutro, the site of Sutro Tower, a large red and white radio and television transmission tower. Mount Sutro (elevation 909 ft / 277 meters is a hill in San Francisco, California USA, that was once named Mount Parnassus. Sutro Tower is a three-pronged Antenna tower on Mount Sutro in the western part of San Francisco, California Nearby is Twin Peaks, a pair of hills resting at one of the city's highest points and a popular overlook spot for tour groups. The Twin Peaks (formerly named San Miguel Hills because of the San Miguel land grant Los Picos Gemelos in Spanish) are two Hills with San Francisco's tallest hill, Mount Davidson, is 925 feet (282 m) high, and is capped with a 103-ft (31. Mount Davidson is the highest natural point in San Francisco, California, with an Elevation of 925 feet (282 meters It is located near the geographical 4 m) tall cross built in 1934.
The San Andreas and Hayward Faults are responsible for much earthquake activity, even though neither passes through the city itself. The San Andreas Fault is a geologic Transform fault that runs a length of roughly 800 miles (1300 km through California in the United States. The Hayward Fault Zone is a Geologic fault zone capable of generating significantly destructive Earthquakes About 60 kilometers long it lies mainly along the An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer It was the San Andreas Fault which slipped and caused the earthquakes in 1906 and 1989. Minor earthquakes occur on a regular basis. The threat of major earthquakes plays a large role in the city's infrastructure development. New buildings must meet high structural standards, and older buildings and bridges must be retrofitted to comply with new building codes.
San Francisco's shoreline has grown beyond its natural limits. Entire neighborhoods such as the Marina and Hunters Point, as well as large sections of the Embarcadero sit on areas of landfill. The Marina District is one of the northern districts of San Francisco, California. The Embarcadero is the eastern waterfront roadway of the Port of San Francisco, San Francisco, California, along San Francisco Bay. For other uses see Water treatment and Land reclamation. A landfill, also known as a dump (and historically as Treasure Island was constructed from material dredged from the bay as well as material resulting from tunneling through Yerba Buena Island during the construction of the Bay Bridge. Treasure Island is an Artificial island in the San Francisco Bay between San Francisco and Oakland. Such land tends to be unstable during earthquakes; the resultant liquefaction causes extensive damage to property built upon it, as was evidenced in the Marina district during the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake. Soil liquefaction describes the behavior of loose saturated unconsolidated soils i
Climate
A quotation incorrectly attributed to Mark Twain is "The coldest winter I ever spent was a summer in San Francisco. Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30 1835 – April 21 1910 better known by the Pen name Mark Twain, was an American Humorist, satirist "[32][33] San Francisco's climate is characteristic of California’s Mediterranean climate with mild, wet winters and dry summers. A Mediterranean climate is one that resembles the Climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, which includes over half of the area with this climate type world-wide [34] In addition, since it is surrounded on three sides by water, San Francisco's climate is strongly influenced by the cool currents of the Pacific Ocean which tends to moderate temperature swings and produce a remarkably mild climate with little seasonal temperature variation. The California Current is a Pacific Ocean current that moves south along the western coast of North America, beginning off southern British Columbia The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions Average summertime high temperatures in San Francisco peak at 70 °F (21 °C) and are 20 °F (9 °C) lower than in nearby inland locations like Livermore. Livermore is a city in Alameda County, California, United States. [35] The highest temperature ever recorded in San Francisco was 103 °F (39 °C) on July 17, 1988 and June 14, 2000. Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. [36] Winters are mild, with daytime highs near 60 °F (15 °C). Lows almost never reach freezing temperatures, though the lowest temperature ever recorded in San Francisco was 27 °F (-3 °C) on December 11, 1932. Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. [37] May through September is very dry, but rain is common from November through March. Snowfall is extraordinarily rare, with only ten instances recorded since 1852. The greatest snowfall on record is 3. 7 inches (9. 4 cm) in downtown San Francisco, and up to 7 inches (17. 8 cm) elsewhere, on February 5, 1887. [38] The last measurable snowfall in San Francisco was on February 5, 1976, when most of the city received an inch of snow. Events 1576 - Henry of Navarre converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [39]
The combination of cold ocean water and the high heat of the California mainland create the city's characteristic fog that can cover the western half of the city all day during the spring and early summer. Fog is a cloud that is in contact with the ground Stratus clouds are usually the only clouds that touch the ground The fog is less pronounced in eastern neighborhoods, in the late summer, and during the fall, which are the warmest months of the year. Due to its sharp topography and maritime influences, San Francisco exhibits a multitude of distinct microclimates. A microclimate is a local atmospheric zone where the Climate differs from the surrounding area The high hills in the geographic center of the city are responsible for a 20% variance in annual rainfall between different parts of the city. [38] They also protect neighborhoods directly to their east from the foggy and cool conditions experienced in the Sunset District; for those who live on the eastern side of the city, San Francisco is sunnier, with an average of 260 clear days, and only 105 cloudy days per year. The Sunset District is a neighborhood in the west-central part of San Francisco California, United States, that is primarily residential and is built along a [40]
| Weather averages for San Francisco, California | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °F (°C) | 56 (13) | 60 (15) | 61 (16) | 63 (17) | 64 (17) | 66 (18) | 66 (18) | 66 (18) | 70 (21) | 69 (20) | 64 (17) | 57 (13) | 63 (17) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 46 (7) | 48 (8) | 49 (9) | 50 (10) | 51 (10) | 53 (11) | 54 (12) | 54 (12) | 56 (13) | 55 (12) | 51 (10) | 47 (8) | 51 (10) |
| Precipitation inches (cm) | 4. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric 1 (10) | 3. 5 (8) | 2. 9 (7) | 1. 5 (3) | 0. 5 (1) | 0. 2 (0. 5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0. 2 (0. 5) | 1. 1 (2) | 2. 6 (6) | 3. 9 (9) | 20. 4 (51) |
| Source: Weatherbase[41] 14 June 2008 | |||||||||||||
Cityscape
Neighborhoods
The historic center of San Francisco is the northeast quadrant of the city bordered by Market Street to the south. Counting both major well-known neighborhoods as well as smaller specific subsections and developments there are over 100 neighborhoods in San Francisco California, USA This list of tallest buildings in San Francisco ranks skyscrapers in San Francisco, California by height Market Street is a major street and important Thoroughfare in San Francisco California. It is here that the Financial District is centered, with Union Square, the principal shopping and hotel district, nearby. The Financial District is a Neighborhood in San Francisco, California that serves as its main Central business district. Union Square is a Plaza bordered by Geary, Powell Post and Stockton Street in San Francisco, California. Cable cars carry residents and tourists alike up steep inclines to the summit of Nob Hill, once the home of the city's business tycoons, and down to Fisherman's Wharf, a tourist area featuring Dungeness crab from a still-active fishing industry. A cable car or cable railway is a Mass transit system using rail cars that are propelled by a continuously moving cable running at a constant speed Nob Hill refers to a small district in San Francisco California adjacent to the intersection of California and Powell streets (and the respective cable car lines Fisherman's Wharf is a Neighborhood and popular Tourist attraction in San Francisco, California, U The Dungeness crab is a species of Crab that inhabits Eelgrass beds and water bottoms from the Aleutian Islands in Alaska to Santa Also in this quadrant are Russian Hill, a residential neighborhood with the famously crooked Lombard Street, North Beach, the city's version of Little Italy, and Telegraph Hill, which features Coit Tower. Russian Hill is an affluent, largely residential neighborhood of San Francisco California, in the United States. Lombard Street is an east-west Street in San Francisco, California. North Beach is a neighborhood in the northeast of San Francisco adjacent to Chinatown and Fisherman's Wharf. North Beach is a neighborhood in the northeast of San Francisco adjacent to Chinatown and Fisherman's Wharf. Telegraph Hill (elev 275 ft 83 m refers to a small district in San Francisco California. Coit Tower was built atop Telegraph Hill in 1933 at the bequest of Lillie Hitchcock Coit to beautify the City of San Francisco. Nearby is San Francisco's Chinatown, established in the 1860s. San Francisco 's Chinatown is the oldest Chinatown in North America. The Tenderloin is often seen as the crime-infested underbelly of the city. The Tenderloin is a dense residential retail and nightlife neighborhood in downtown San Francisco. In the sociological field, crime is the breach of a rule or Law for which some governing authority or force may ultimately prescribe a Punishment
The Mission District is predominantly working-class and populated by immigrants from Mexico and Central America, but is also gentrifying. The Mission District, also commonly called "The Mission " is a neighborhood in San Francisco, California, USA, named after the See also History of Mexican-Americans Mexican Americans are Americans of Mexican ancestry Haight-Ashbury, famously associated with 1960s hippie culture, is now heavily gentrified, although it still retains some bohemian character. Haight-Ashbury is a district of San Francisco, California, US, named for the intersection of Haight and Ashbury Streets The Hippie Subculture was originally a Youth movement that began in the United States during the early 1960s and spread around the world The term bohemian, of French origin was first used in the English language in the nineteenth century to describe the untraditional lifestyles of marginalized and impoverished Artists Historically known as Eureka Valley, the area now popularly called the Castro is the center of gay life in the city. The Castro District better known as The Castro is a neighborhood within Eureka Valley in San Francisco California. Homosexuality refers to sexual behavior with or attraction to people of the same sex or to a Homosexual orientation.
The city's Japantown district suffered when its Japanese American residents were forcibly removed and interned during World War II. "Little Osaka" redirects here For the community in Los Angeles California, see Sawtelle Boulevard. are Americans of Japanese heritage Japanese Americans have historically been among the three largest Asian American communities but in recent decades have become the sixth largest group Japanese American internment refers to the forcible relocation and Internment of approximately 110000 Japanese nationals and Japanese Americans to housing World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The nearby Western Addition became established with a large African American population at the same time. The Western Addition is a Neighborhood in San Francisco, California, sandwiched between Van Ness Avenue Golden Gate Park, the Upper African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa The "Painted Ladies," a row of well-restored Victorian homes, stand alongside Alamo Square, and the mansions built by the San Francisco business elite in the wake of the 1906 earthquake can be found in Pacific Heights. Painted Ladies is a term used for Victorian and Edwardian houses and buildings painted in three or more colors that embellish or enhance their architectural details A Victorian house is a term generally used to describe a house built during the Victorian era (1840-1904 a time of rapid industrialization in Europe and Alamo Square is a residential neighborhood and park in San Francisco, California. Pacific Heights is an affluent Neighborhood of San Francisco, California, on the north side of California Street in the city The Marina to the north is a lively area with many young urban professionals. The Marina District is one of the northern districts of San Francisco, California.
The Richmond, the vast region north of Golden Gate Park that extends to the Pacific Ocean, today has a portion called "New Chinatown," but also attracts immigrants from other parts of Asia and Russia. The Richmond District is a neighborhood in the northwest corner of San Francisco California. The Russian people (Русские— Russkie) are an East Slavic Ethnic group, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries South of Golden Gate Park lies the Sunset with an Asian majority population. The Sunset District is a neighborhood in the west-central part of San Francisco California, United States, that is primarily residential and is built along a [42] The Richmond and the Sunset are largely middle class and, together, are known as The Avenues. The middle class, in colloquial usage consists of those who have some economic independence but not a great deal of social Influence or power. Counting both major well-known neighborhoods as well as smaller specific subsections and developments there are over 100 neighborhoods in San Francisco California, USA Bayview-Hunter's Point in the southeast section of the city is one of the poorest neighborhoods and suffers from a high rate of crime, though the area has been the focus of plans for urban renewal. Urban Renewal (similar to Urban Regeneration in British English) is a controversial U The other southern neighborhoods of the city are ethnically diverse and populated primarily with students and working-class San Franciscans.
The South of Market, once filled with decaying remnants of San Francisco's industrial past, has seen significant redevelopment. "SoMa" redirects here For the SoMa in Vancouver see South Main. The locus of the dot-com boom during the late 1990s, by 2004 South of Market began to see skyscrapers and condominiums dot the area (see Manhattanization). The " dot-com bubble " (or sometimes the " IT bubble " was a speculative bubble covering roughly 1995–2001 (with a climax on March 10 A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable Building. There is no official definition or a precise cutoff height above which a building may clearly be classified as a skyscraper A condominium, or condo, is a form of Housing tenure and other Real property where a specified part of a piece of real estate (usually of an apartment Manhattanization is a Neologism coined to Following the success of nearby South Beach, another neighborhood, Mission Bay, underwent redevelopment, anchored by a second campus of the University of California, San Francisco. Counting both major well-known neighborhoods as well as smaller specific subsections and developments there are over 100 neighborhoods in San Francisco California, USA Mission Bay is a neighborhood on the central bayshore of San Francisco, roughly bounded by Townsend Street on the north Third Street and San Francisco Bay on the The University of California San Francisco ( UCSF) is one of the world's leading centers of Health sciences research Patient care, and education Just southwest of Mission Bay is the Potrero Hill neighborhood featuring sweeping views of downtown San Francisco. Potrero Hill is a neighborhood in San Francisco California, USA located on the east side of the city east of the Mission District and south of the South of
Beaches and parks
Ocean Beach runs along the Pacific Ocean shoreline, but is not suitable for swimming because the waters off the coast are cold and have deadly rip currents. Ocean Beach is a Beach that runs along the west coast of San Francisco, California, United States, at the Pacific Ocean. A rip current, rip tide or rip is a strong surface flow of Water returning Seaward from near the Shore (not to be confused with an Baker Beach occupies a picturesque setting just west of the Golden Gate Bridge. Baker Beach is a state and national public beach on the Pacific Ocean coast on the San Francisco Peninsula. The biggest and best-known park is Golden Gate Park, stretching from the center of the city to the Pacific Ocean. Golden Gate Park, located in San Francisco California, is a large Urban park consisting of 1017 acres (4 The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions Once covered only in grass and sand dunes, the park is planted with thousands of non-native trees and plants and is rich with attractions including the Conservatory of Flowers, the Japanese Tea Garden, and Strybing Arboretum. The Conservatory of Flowers is a large botanical Greenhouse in San Francisco 's Golden Gate Park, constructed in 1878 The San Francisco Botanical Garden (formerly Strybing Arboretum is a large Botanical garden in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park. The Presidio, a former military base, and its Crissy Field section, restored to its natural salt marsh condition, are part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, which includes Alcatraz, and other regional parks. The Presidio of San Francisco (originally El Presidio Real de San Francisco or Royal Presidio of San Francisco) is a park on the northern tip of the San Now a large park in San Francisco, Crissy Field was originally an airfield part of the United States' Presidio Army Base The Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA is a US National Recreation Area administered by the National Park Service that surrounds the San Francisco Buena Vista Park is the city's oldest, established in 1867. Buena Vista Park is a Park in the Haight-Ashbury and Buena Vista Heights neighborhoods of San Francisco, California, United States Lake Merced is a fresh-water lake surrounded by parkland. Lake Merced is a freshwater Lake in the southwest corner of San Francisco California. Freshwater is a word that refers to bodies of water such as Ponds lakes rivers and streams containing low concentrations of dissolved Salts and other Total dissolved
Culture and contemporary life
- See also: Politics of San Francisco, California
San Francisco is characterized by a high standard of living. San Francisco, California is a major and diverse international center of culture in terms of arts music festivals museums architecture and much more Following the social upheavals of the 1960s San Francisco became one of the hypocenters of liberal activism with Democrats, Greens, and progressives [43] The great wealth and opportunity generated by the Internet revolution drew many highly educated and high income workers and residents to San Francisco. The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks Many poorer neighborhoods have become gentrified. Gentrification, or urban gentrification, is the change in an Urban area associated with the movement of more affluent individuals into a lower-class The downtown has seen a renaissance driven by the redevelopment of the Embarcadero, including the neighborhoods South Beach and Mission Bay. The Embarcadero is the eastern waterfront roadway of the Port of San Francisco, San Francisco, California, along San Francisco Bay. Counting both major well-known neighborhoods as well as smaller specific subsections and developments there are over 100 neighborhoods in San Francisco California, USA Mission Bay is a neighborhood on the central bayshore of San Francisco, roughly bounded by Townsend Street on the north Third Street and San Francisco Bay on the Property values and household income have escalated to among the highest in the nation,[44][45] [46] allowing the city to support a large restaurant and entertainment infrastructure. Because the cost of living in San Francisco is exceptionally high, many middle class families have decided they can no longer afford to live within the city and have left. [47]
Although the centralized commerce and shopping districts downtown, including the Financial District and the area around Union Square, are well-known, San Francisco is also characterized by a rich street environment featuring many mixed-use neighborhoods anchored around central commercial corridors to which residents and visitors alike can walk. This is a list of Arterial thoroughfares and significant commercial corridors in San Francisco. Pacific Heights is an affluent Neighborhood of San Francisco, California, on the north side of California Street in the city The Financial District is a Neighborhood in San Francisco, California that serves as its main Central business district. Union Square is a Plaza bordered by Geary, Powell Post and Stockton Street in San Francisco, California. Mixed-use development is the practice of allowing more than one type of use in a building or set of buildings They feature a mix of businesses and restaurants catering to the daily needs of the community and drawing in visitors. Some are highly gentrified, dotted with boutiques, cafes and nightlife, such as Union Street in Cow Hollow, and 24th Street in Noe Valley. This is a list of Arterial thoroughfares and significant commercial corridors in San Francisco. Counting both major well-known neighborhoods as well as smaller specific subsections and developments there are over 100 neighborhoods in San Francisco California, USA This is a list of Arterial thoroughfares and significant commercial corridors in San Francisco. Noe Valley is a neighborhood in the central part of San Francisco California. Others are less so, including Irving Street in the Sunset, or Mission Street in the Mission. This is a list of Arterial thoroughfares and significant commercial corridors in San Francisco. The Sunset District is a neighborhood in the west-central part of San Francisco California, United States, that is primarily residential and is built along a This is a list of Arterial thoroughfares and significant commercial corridors in San Francisco. The Mission District, also commonly called "The Mission " is a neighborhood in San Francisco, California, USA, named after the This approach has influenced the South of Market redevelopment, with businesses and neighborhood services rising alongside high-rise residences. [48]
The international character San Francisco has had since its founding is witnessed today by large numbers of immigrants from Asia and Latin America. With 39 percent of its residents born overseas,[49] San Francisco has numerous neighborhoods filled with businesses and civic institutions catering to new arrivals. In particular, the arrival of many ethnic Chinese, which accelerated beginning in the 1970s, complemented the already-established community based in Chinatown and has transformed the annual Chinese New Year Parade into the largest cultural event of its kind. San Francisco 's Chinatown is the oldest Chinatown in North America. The San Francisco Chinese New Year Festival and Parade is an annual event held in San Francisco. [50]
Following the arrival of writers and artists of the 1950s, who established the modern coffeehouse culture, and the social upheavals of the 1960s, San Francisco became one of the epicenters of liberal activism, with Democrats, Greens, and progressives dominating city politics. A coffeehouse ( French / Portuguese: café; Spanish: cafetería; Italian: caffè Modern liberalism in the United States, also referred to as American liberalism, is a political ideology that seeks to use the power of the state to effect change upon society The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. One of the Political parties in the United States, and similar in mission to many of the worldwide Green Parties, the Greens have been active as a third party Progressivism is a term that refers to a broad school of international social and political philosophies. Following the social upheavals of the 1960s San Francisco became one of the hypocenters of liberal activism with Democrats, Greens, and progressives Indeed, San Francisco has not given a Republican candidate for president greater than 20 percent of the vote since 1988. -->The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties [51] The large gay and lesbian population has created and sustained a politically and culturally active community over many decades, developing a powerful presence in civic life. A popular destination for gay tourists, it hosts San Francisco Pride, the world's best-known gay pride parade and festival. The San Francisco Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Pride Celebration, usually known as San Francisco Pride, is a Parade and Festival held in June each
Entertainment and performing arts
San Francisco's War Memorial and Performing Arts Center features some of the longest operating performing arts companies in the U. The War Memorial Opera House in San Francisco, California is located on the western side of Van Ness Avenue across from the rear facade of City The San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center (SFWMPAC is located in San Francisco California, and is one of the largest performing arts centers in the United S. The War Memorial Opera House houses the San Francisco Opera and San Francisco Ballet, while the San Francisco Symphony plays in Davies Symphony Hall. The War Memorial Opera House in San Francisco, California is located on the western side of Van Ness Avenue across from the rear facade of City San Francisco Opera (SFO is the second largest Opera company in North America. The San Francisco Ballet ( SFB) is a Ballet company, founded in 1933 as part of San Francisco Opera Ballet. The San Francisco Symphony ( SFS) is a leading Orchestra based in San Francisco California. Louise M Davies Symphony Hall, the Concert hall component of the San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center, was built in 1980 at a cost of US$28 million The Herbst Theatre stages an eclectic mix of music performances, as well as public radio's City Arts & Lectures. The Herbst Theatre is an auditorium in the War Memorial and Performing Arts Center in Civic Center in San Francisco, United States. City Arts & Lectures produces onstage conversation at the Herbst Theatre in San Francisco
The Fillmore is a music venue located in the Western Addition. For the San Francisco neighborhood see Fillmore District. For other venues named Fillmore see Fillmore#Music venues. The Western Addition is a Neighborhood in San Francisco, California, sandwiched between Van Ness Avenue Golden Gate Park, the Upper It is the second incarnation of a venue which gained fame in the 1960s under concert promoter Bill Graham and was where the Grateful Dead, Janis Joplin, and Jefferson Airplane got their start and fostered the San Francisco Sound. Bill Graham ( January 8, 1931 &ndash October 25, 1991) was an American Impresario and rock Concert promoter The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in the San Francisco Bay Area. Janis Lyn Joplin ( January 19, 1943 – October 4, 1970) was an American singer songwriter and music arranger from Jefferson Airplane was an American rock band from San Francisco, a pioneer of the Psychedelic rock movement The San Francisco Sound refers to rock music performed live and recorded by San Francisco -based rock groups of the mid 1960s to early 1970s Beach Blanket Babylon is a zany musical revue and civic institution. Steve Silver's Beach Blanket Babylon is America's longest running musical revue It has performed to sold out crowds in North Beach since 1974. North Beach is a neighborhood in the northeast of San Francisco adjacent to Chinatown and Fisherman's Wharf.
The American Conservatory Theater (A. American Conservatory Theater ( ACT) is a large non-profit theater company in San Francisco California, that offers both classical and contemporary theater productions C. T. ) has been a leading force in Bay Area performing arts since its arrival in San Francisco in 1967, routinely staging original productions. San Francisco frequently hosts national touring productions of Broadway theatre shows in a number of vintage 1920s-era venues in the Theater District including the Curran, Orpheum, and Golden Gate Theatres. Broadway theater, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 39 large professional theaters with 500 seats or more located The Theater District is a neighborhood in San Francisco named for the stage theaters that lie there A list of Theatres in San Francisco California: Bayview Opera House - in Hunters Point. A list of Theatres in San Francisco California: Bayview Opera House - in Hunters Point. A list of Theatres in San Francisco California: Bayview Opera House - in Hunters Point.
Museums
- See also: List of museums in San Francisco
The Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) contains 20th century and contemporary pieces. The San Francisco Museum of Modern Art ( SFMOMA) is a major Modern art Museum and San Francisco Landmark. Yerba Buena Gardens is the name for two blocks of public parks located between Third and Fourth Mission and Folsom Streets in downtown San Francisco California This list of museums in California is a list of Museums defined for this context as institutions (including Nonprofit organizations government entities The San Francisco Museum of Modern Art ( SFMOMA) is a major Modern art Museum and San Francisco Landmark. It moved to its iconic building in South of Market in 1995 and attracts 600,000 visitors annually. "SoMa" redirects here For the SoMa in Vancouver see South Main. [52] The Palace of the Legion of Honor contains primarily European works. The California Palace of the Legion of Honor (often abbreviated to simply Legion of Honor by locals is a Fine art Museum in San Francisco California The De Young Museum and the Asian Art Museum have significant anthropological and non-European holdings. The MH de Young Museum (commonly called de Young Museum) is a Fine arts Museum located in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park. The Asian Art Museum of San Francisco is a Museum in San Francisco, California, United States.
The Palace of Fine Arts, originally built for the 1915 Panama-Pacific Exposition, today houses the Exploratorium, a popular science museum dedicated to teaching through hands-on interaction. For the opera house in Mexico City, see Palacio de Bellas Artes, and for the Palace of Fine Arts that was part of Chicago 's White The Panama-Pacific International Exposition (PPIE was a World's fair held in San Francisco California between February 20 and December 4 in The Exploratorium is a public science Museum, located in the Marina District at the Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco California The California Academy of Sciences is a natural history museum and hosts the Morrison Planetarium and Steinhart Aquarium. The California Academy of Sciences is one of the ten largest Museums of natural history in the world and one of the oldest in the United States consisting of a coral Natural history is the Scientific research of Plants or Animals leaning more towards the Observational than Experimental methods The California Academy of Sciences is one of the ten largest Museums of natural history in the world and one of the oldest in the United States consisting of a coral The California Academy of Sciences is one of the ten largest Museums of natural history in the world and one of the oldest in the United States consisting of a coral The San Francisco Zoo cares for a total of about 250 animal species many of which have been deemed endangered. The San Francisco Zoo, housing more than 250 animal species is located in the southwestern corner of San Francisco California nestled between Lake Merced and [53]
Media
- See also: Media in San Francisco, California
The San Francisco Chronicle, in which Herb Caen famously published his daily musings, is Northern California's most widely circulated newspaper. The first newspaper published by Americans in California was the Californian, printed in Monterey in 1846 announcing the Mexican American War, written half in English The San Francisco Chronicle was founded in 1865 as The Daily Dramatic Chronicle by teenage brothers Charles de Young and Michael H For the hockey player please see Herb Cain. Herbert Eugene Caen ( April 3, 1916 &ndash February 1, 1997 [54] The San Francisco Examiner, once the cornerstone of William Randolph Hearst's media empire and the home of Ambrose Bierce, declined in circulation over the years and has been reduced to a small tabloid. The San Francisco Examiner is a US daily Newspaper. It has been published continuously in San Francisco, California, since For other people named William Randolph Hearst see William Randolph Hearst (disambiguation William Randolph Hearst I (April 29 1863 &ndash Ambrose Gwinnett Bierce (June 24 1842 &ndash 1914? was an American Editorialist Journalist, short-story writer and Satirist. A tabloid is a Newspaper industry term which refers to a smaller newspaper format per spread to a weekly or semi-weekly alternative newspaper that focuses on local-interest [55][56] Sing Tao Daily claims to be the largest of several Chinese language dailies that serve the Bay Area. The Sing Tao Daily ( is Hong Kong 's second largest Chinese language Newspaper. [57] Alternative weekly newspapers include the San Francisco Bay Guardian and SF Weekly. An alternative newspaper is a type of Newspaper that eschews comprehensive coverage of general news in favor of opinionated Reviews and columns The San Francisco Bay Guardian (also known as the SF Bay Guardian, Bay Guardian, and the Guardian) is a The SF Weekly is a free Alternative weekly Newspaper in San Francisco California. San Francisco Magazine and 7x7 are major glossy magazines about San Francisco. San Francisco is an American monthly Magazine devoted to San Francisco Bay Area culture including arts food and entertainment 7x7 Magazine is a San Francisco -focused Fashion, food and entertainment Magazine founded in 2001 by husband and wife Tom and Heather Hartle The national newsmagazine Mother Jones is also based here. Mother Jones is an independent Nonprofit Magazine rooted in liberal political values and known for its Investigative reporting
The San Francisco metro area is the sixth-largest TV market[58] and the fourth-largest radio market[59] in the U. A media market, broadcast market, media region, designated market area, DMA or simply market is a region where the Population A media market, broadcast market, media region, designated market area, DMA or simply market is a region where the Population S. The city's oldest radio station, KCBS (AM), began as an experimental station in San Jose in 1909. KCBS (740 AM, "All News 740 KCBS" is an All-news Radio station in San Francisco California, that is a key West Coast flagship KALW was the city's first FM radio station when it signed on the air in 1941. KALW is a public radio station based in San Francisco California. All the major television networks have affiliates serving the Bay Area region, with most of them based in the city. A television network is a distribution network for Television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many Television stations Network stations The major network television affiliates include KGO-TV 7 ( ABC) KPIX 5 ( CBS) KTVU 2 There are also some unaffiliated stations, and CNN, ESPN, and BBC have regional offices in San Francisco. Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner ESPN, originally an acronym for Entertainment and Sports Programming Network, is an American Cable television network dedicated to The city's first television station was KPIX, now owned by CBS, which began broadcasting on December 24, 1948. KPIX-TV (Channel 5 is the CBS Owned and operated Television station in San Francisco California. CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Other stations include KGO, KRON, and KTVU. KRON-TV, channel 4 is the MyNetworkTV affiliate for the San Francisco Bay Area. KTVU, channel 2 is the San Francisco Bay Area 's Fox affiliate
Public broadcasting outlets include both a television station and a radio station, broadcasting under the name KQED out of a facility near the Potrero Hill district. Public broadcasting refers to radio television and other electronic media outlets that receive some or all of their funding from the public KQED is a PBS -member station in San Francisco California, broadcasting on VHF channel 9 KQED-FM (885 FM) is an NPR -member Radio station owned by Northern California Public Broadcasting in San Francisco California. Potrero Hill is a neighborhood in San Francisco California, USA located on the east side of the city east of the Mission District and south of the South of KQED-FM is the most-listened to National Public Radio affiliate in the country. [60] San Francisco companies such as CNET and Salon.com pioneered the use of the Internet as a media outlet. CNET Networks Inc is a media company based in San Francisco California, United States, and is part of CBS Interactive, owned Saloncom, part of Salon Media Group ( often just called Salon, is an online Leading global media which are marketed specifically to gay and lesbian audiences are centered in San Francisco, with PlanetOut the parent company of major print newsmagazines and online communities. PlanetOut Inc a public media and entertainment company exclusively targeting a segment of the LGBT demographic
Sports
- See also: Sports in San Francisco
The San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL) are the longest-tenured major professional sports franchise in the city. The San Francisco Bay Area currently hosts nine major league sports franchises The San Francisco 49ers are a professional American football team The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. They began playing in 1946 and moved to their present location in Candlestick Park on Candlestick Point in 1971. Candlestick Park (also commonly referred to as Candlestick or The Stick) is an outdoor sports and entertainment stadium located in San Francisco California Candlestick Point State Recreation Area (or simply Candlestick Point) is a Protected area located at the southeastern tip of San Francisco, California They reached prominence in the 1980s and 1990s, winning five Super Bowl titles behind stars Joe Montana, Steve Young, Ronnie Lott, and Jerry Rice. professional American football, the Super Bowl is the Championship game of the National Football League (NFL For the actor with a similarly pronounced name see Joe Mantegna. Steve Young (born Jon Steven Young on October 11, 1961 in Salt Lake City Utah) is a former Quarterback for the NFL's Ronald Mandel "Ronnie" Lott (born May 8, 1959) is a former American football player who starred as a Cornerback, Free safety Jerry Lee Rice (born October 13, 1962 in Crawford Mississippi) is a former football Wide receiver in the NFL.
Major League Baseball's San Francisco Giants left New York for California prior to the 1958 season. The San Francisco Giants are a Major League Baseball team based in, that currently play in the National League West Division. Though boasting stars such as Willie Mays, Willie McCovey, and Barry Bonds, they have yet to win the World Series while based in San Francisco. Willie Howard Mays Jr (born May 6 1931 is a retired American Baseball player who played the majority of his career with the New York and San Francisco Giants Willie Lee McCovey (born January 10 1938 in) nicknamed "Big Mac" and "Stretch", is a former Major League Baseball Barry Lamar Bonds (born July 24 1964 is a Major League Baseball Outfielder who is currently a Free agent. For other events named "World Series" see World Series (disambiguation. Game 3 of the 1989 World Series in San Francisco was infamously pre-empted by the Loma Prieta earthquake. The 1989 World Series was played between the Oakland Athletics and the San Francisco Giants. The Loma Prieta earthquake, also known as the Quake of '89 and the World Series Quake, was a major Earthquake that struck the San Francisco Bay The Giants play at AT&T Park which was opened in 2000, a cornerstone project of the South Beach and Mission Bay redevelopment. AT&T Park is an open-air ballpark, home to the San Francisco Giants of Major League Baseball. Mission Bay is a neighborhood on the central bayshore of San Francisco, roughly bounded by Townsend Street on the north Third Street and San Francisco Bay on the [61]
The Dons, the athletic teams of the University of San Francisco, compete in NCAA Division I. University of San Francisco ( USF) is a private Jesuit Roman Catholic University in San Francisco California. The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA, often pronounced "N-C-Double-A" is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions conferences organizations Division I (or D-I) is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States Bill Russell led the Dons to NCAA men's basketball championships in 1955 and 1956. William Felton "Bill" Russell (born February 12 1934 in Monroe, Louisiana) is a retired American professional Basketball The NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship is a single elimination Tournament held each spring featuring 65 College basketball teams in the The San Francisco State Gators compete in Division II. San Francisco State University (informally referred to as San Francisco State, SF State, State and SFSU) is a public University Division II (or DII) is an intermediate-level division of competition in the National Collegiate Athletic Association. The San Francisco Dragons of Major League Lacrosse play at Kezar Stadium, which they will share with the California Victory of United Soccer League First Division. The San Francisco Dragons is a Lacrosse team based in San Jose California. Major League Lacrosse is a professional outdoor Lacrosse league that is made up of teams within the United States. } Kezar Stadium is a Stadium located in the southeastern corner of Golden Gate Park in San Francisco California. The California Victory was a USL First Division professional soccer team based in San Francisco California. History In 1996 the United Systems of Independent Soccer Leagues established the new Select League consisting of its strongest teams from its professional FIFA The semi-professional San Francisco Bay Seals of the USL's developmental league are a second soccer team in the city. San Francisco Seals is an American Soccer team originally founded in 1992. History In 1995 the USISL split into two leagues one professional and one amateur Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered
San Francisco has ample resources and opportunities for participatory sports and recreation. The Bay to Breakers footrace, held annually since 1912, is best known for colorful costumes and a celebratory community spirit. The Bay to Breakers is an annual footrace which takes place in San Francisco, California. [62] The San Francisco Marathon is an annual event that attracts more than 7,000 participants. The San Francisco Marathon is an annual marathon, which has been held since 1977 in July or August in San Francisco. [63] There are more than 200 miles (320 km) of bicycle lanes in the city[64] and the Embarcadero and Marina Green are favored sites for in-line skating. Segregated cycle facilities are Roads tracks paths or marked lanes designated for use by Cyclists from which motorised traffic is generally excluded The Marina Green in San Francisco, California is a 74-acre expanse of grass between Fort Mason and the Presidio. Roller skating is the Traveling on smooth terrain with roller skates Extensive public tennis facilities exist in Golden Gate Park and Dolores Park. Dolores Park is a San Francisco California city park located in the neighborhood of Mission Dolores, at the western edge of the Mission District, which
Boating, sailing, windsurfing and kitesurfing are popular activities on the San Francisco Bay, and the city operates a yacht harbor in the Marina District. Boating, the leisurely activity of traveling by Boat typically refers to the Recreational use of boats whether Power boats sail boats, or Sailing is the art of controlling a Sailing vessel. By changing the Rigging, Rudder and dagger or centre board a Sailor manages the force Windsurfing is a surface water sport using a windsurf board also commonly called a sailboard usually two to five meters long and powered by a single sail Kitesurfing, kiteboarding, uses wind power to pull a rider through the water on a small Surfboard or a kiteboard (which is like a Wakeboard) For other uses of this word see Marina (disambiguation. A marina is a sheltered Harbor where Boats and Yachts The Marina District is one of the northern districts of San Francisco, California. San Francisco's residents have been judged to be among the fittest in the U. S. [65]
Economy
Tourism is the backbone of the San Francisco economy. The following is a list of companies headquartered in San Francisco. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Its frequent portrayal in music, film, and popular culture has made the city and its landmarks recognizable worldwide. Depictions of San Francisco in popular culture can be found in many different media It is the city where Tony Bennett left his heart, where the Birdman of Alcatraz spent many of his final years, and where Rice-a-Roni[67] was said to be the favorite treat. Tony Bennett (born Anthony Dominick Benedetto; August 3 1926) is an American Singer of popular music, standards " I Left My Heart in San Francisco " is a popular song written in 1954, and most known as Tony Bennett 's Signature song, from his Robert Franklin Stroud ( January 28, 1890 &ndash November 21, 1963) known as the Birdman of Alcatraz, was a Prisoner in Rice-A-Roni is a product of The Quaker Oats Company. It is a boxed food mix that consists of Rice, Vermicelli, Seasonings and sometimes other San Francisco attracts the fourth highest number of foreign tourists of any city in the U. S. [68] and claims Pier 39 near Fisherman's Wharf to be the third-most popular tourist attraction in the nation. Pier 39 is a shopping center and popular Tourist attraction built on a pier in San Francisco California. Fisherman's Wharf is a Neighborhood and popular Tourist attraction in San Francisco, California, U [69] More than 15 million visitors came to San Francisco in 2005, injecting nearly $7. 5 billion into the economy. [70] With a large hotel infrastructure and a world-class facility in the Moscone Center, San Francisco is also among the top-ten North American destinations for conventions and conferences. The Moscone Center is the largest convention and exhibition complex in San Francisco California. [71]
The legacy of the California Gold Rush turned San Francisco into the principal banking and finance center of the west coast in the early twentieth century. The Financial District is a Neighborhood in San Francisco, California that serves as its main Central business district. The California Gold Rush (1848&ndash1855 began on January 24 1848 when Gold was discovered by James Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California Montgomery Street in the Financial District is known as the "Wall Street of the West" (although this nickname may be outdated, considering the rise of Los Angeles and Silicon Valley's Sand Hill Road as rival financial centers on the West Coast), home to the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, the Wells Fargo corporate headquarters, and the site of the now defunct Pacific Coast Stock Exchange. Montgomery Street is a north-south thoroughfare in San Francisco California, in the United States. The Financial District is a Neighborhood in San Francisco, California that serves as its main Central business district. The Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco is the federal bank for the twelfth district in the United States Wells Fargo & Co ( is a diversified Financial services company headquartered in San Francisco California, United States with operations around the The Pacific Exchange was a Regional stock exchange with a main exchange floor and building in San Francisco, California, USA and a branch in Bank of America, a pioneer in making banking services accessible to the middle class, was founded in San Francisco and built one of the first modern skyscrapers in the city: 555 California Street. Banc of America Securities Bank of America () is the largest bank by asset and second largest commercial Bank by deposits and Market capitalization in United 555 California Street, formerly known as the Bank of America Center, is a 52- story, 779 ft (237 Many large financial institutions, multinational banks and venture capital firms are based in or have set up regional headquarters in the city. With over thirty international financial institutions,[72] six Fortune 500 companies,[73] and a large support infrastructure of professional services, including law, public relations, architecture, and graphic design also populating the downtown, San Francisco is one of ten Beta World Cities. Please do not add the complete list of fortune 500 companies The list is copyrighted by Fortune which makes money by selling the content A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more Lawyers to engage in the practice of law Public relations (PR is the practice of managing the flow of Information between an Organization and its Publics Public relations - often referred The term architecture (from Greek αρχιτεκτονικήarchitektoniki) can be used to mean a process a profession or documentation The term graphic design can refer to a number of artistic and professional disciplines which focus on visual communication and presentation
San Francisco's economy has increasingly become tied to that of Silicon Valley to the south, sharing a need for highly educated workers with specialized skills. For the valley nicknamed "Silicone Valley" see San Fernando Valley. [74] It has been positioning itself as a biotechnology and biomedical hub and research center. Biotechnology is Technology based on Biology, especially when used in Agriculture, Food science, and Medicine. Biomedical research (or experimental medicine) in general simply known as medical research, is the Basic research or Applied research conducted The Mission Bay neighborhood, site of a second campus of UCSF, fosters a budding industry and serves as headquarters of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, the public agency funding stem cell research programs statewide. Mission Bay is a neighborhood on the central bayshore of San Francisco, roughly bounded by Townsend Street on the north Third Street and San Francisco Bay on the The University of California San Francisco ( UCSF) is one of the world's leading centers of Health sciences research Patient care, and education The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM was created by California 's Proposition 71 (2004 which authorized it to issue $3 billion in grants funded Stem cells are cells found in most if not all multi-cellular Organisms.
Small businesses with fewer than ten employees and self-employed firms make up 85 percent of city establishments. [75] The number of San Franciscans employed by firms of greater than 1,000 employees has fallen by half since 1977. [49] The penetration of national big box retail chains into the city has been slow. Big-box store is a term that refers to a style of physically large Chain store, and by extension to the company behind the store In an effort to buoy small privately owned businesses in San Francisco, the Small Business Commission supports a publicity campaign to keep a larger share of retail dollars in the local economy,[76] while the Board of Supervisors has used the planning code to limit the neighborhoods in which "formula retail" establishments can set up shop,[77] an effort affirmed by San Francisco voters. [78]
Government
- See also: Government of San Francisco
San Francisco is a consolidated city-county, a status it has had since 1856. California's 8th congressional district covers most of the City and County of San Francisco, California, USA, except for the south-western parts of Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro Pelosi (born March 26 1940 is the current Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. California's 12th congressional district spans from the southwestern portions of San Francisco in the north down to San Mateo in the south and from Moss Karen Lorraine Jacqueline Speier, known as Jackie Speier (born May 14, 1950) is the Democratic Representative for California's 12th congressional The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. The California State Senate is the upper house of the California State Legislature. Carole Migden (born August 14 1948) is an American politician from San Francisco California who currently represents the third district The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. The California State Senate is the upper house of the California State Legislature. Leland Yee ( born November 20 1948 in China) is a California State Senator in District 8 which includes the western half of San Francisco The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. The California State Assembly is the Lower house of the California State Legislature. Fiona Ma ( (born 1966 is the California State Assembly Majority Whip and a San Francisco Politician, and a former member of the San Francisco The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. The California State Assembly is the Lower house of the California State Legislature. Mark Leno (born September 24 1951) is a United States politician representing California's 13th Assembly district, which consists of the The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. The City and County of San Francisco is a Consolidated city-county, a status it has had since 1856 In American Local government, a consolidated city-county is a city and county that have been merged into one unified jurisdiction [79] It is the only such consolidation in California. The mayor is also the county executive and the county board of supervisors acts as the city council. The Mayor of the City and County of San Francisco is the head of the government of San Francisco, California. The Board of Supervisors is the body governing Counties in the U A city council is a form of Local government, usually covering a City or other Urban area, such as a Town. Because of its unique status, it exercises jurisdiction over property that would otherwise be located outside of its corporation limit. San Francisco International Airport, though ostensibly located in San Mateo County, is legally in San Francisco because it is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco. San Francisco International Airport is a major international Airport located south of downtown San Francisco, California, United States adjacent to the San Mateo County ( "san muh-TAY-o") ( Spanish for: St San Francisco was also granted a perpetual leasehold over the Hetch Hetchy Valley and watershed in Yosemite National Park by the Raker Act in 1913. History The name "Hetch Hetchy" comes from a grass with edible seeds that grows in the valley in the Native American Sierra Miwok language. A drainage basin is an extent of Land where Water from Rain or Snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a River, The Paul Raker Act was an act of the United States Congress that permitted building of the O'Shaughnessy Dam and flooding of Hetch Hetchy valley in
Under the city charter, the government of San Francisco is constituted of two co-equal branches. The City Hall of San Francisco, California opened in 1915 in its open space area in the city's Civic Center, is a Beaux-Arts monument to the brief " The executive branch is headed by the mayor and includes other citywide elected and appointed officials, and the civil service. The 11-member Board of Supervisors, the legislative branch, is headed by a President and is responsible for passing laws and budgets, though San Franciscans also make use of direct ballot initiatives to pass legislation. The San Francisco Board of Supervisors is the legislature of the City and County of San Francisco, California. In Political science, the initiative (also known as popular or citizen's initiative) provides a means by which a Petition signed by a certain The members of the Board of Supervisors are elected as representatives of specific districts within the city. [80] If the mayor dies or resigns, the President of the Board of Supervisors assumes the office, as Dianne Feinstein did after the assassination of George Moscone in 1978. Dianne Goldman Berman Feinstein (ˈfаɪnˌstаɪn (born June 22, 1933) is the senior U George Richard Moscone (November 24 1929&ndashNovember 27 1978 (mɒsˈkoʊni was an American attorney and Democratic politician In 2006, the Board of Supervisors passed an ordinance making San Francisco the first city in the nation to provide health care services to all uninsured residents, with creation of the Healthy San Francisco program. Healthy San Francisco is a program intended to provide health care services to all uninsured residents of San Francisco. [81] The municipal budget for fiscal year 2007–2008 was just over $6 billion. [82]
The federal government utilizes San Francisco as the regional hub for many arms of the federal bureaucracy, including the U.S. Court of Appeals, the Federal Reserve Bank, and the United States Mint. The US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit is a federal court with Appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts The Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco is the federal bank for the twelfth district in the United States The United States Mint primarily produces circulating coinage for the United States to conduct its Trade and Commerce. Until decommissioning in the early 1990s, the city had three major military installations—the Presidio, Treasure Island, and Hunters Point—a legacy still reflected in the annual celebration of Fleet Week. The Presidio of San Francisco (originally El Presidio Real de San Francisco or Royal Presidio of San Francisco) is a park on the northern tip of the San Treasure Island is an Artificial island in the San Francisco Bay between San Francisco and Oakland. San Francisco Naval Shipyard was a United States Navy Shipyard in San Francisco California, located on 638 acres (2 Fleet Week is a United States Navy, United States Marine Corps and United States Coast Guard tradition in which active military Ships recently The State of California uses San Francisco as the home of the state Supreme Court and other state agencies. The Supreme Court of California is the State supreme court in California. Foreign governments maintain more than thirty consulates in San Francisco. [83]
Demographics
The estimated 2007 population of San Francisco is 764,976. These thematic maps of San Francisco California illustrate the different neighborhoods and the contrasting demographics of the diverse city [6][85] With nearly 16,000 people per square mile, San Francisco is the second most densely populated major American city. [86] San Francisco is the traditional focal point of the San Francisco Bay Area and forms part of the greater San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland Combined Statistical Area (CSA) whose population is over 7 million: the fifth largest in the U. The San Francisco Bay Area, commonly known as the Bay Area, or the Bay, is a geographically and ethnically diverse metropolitan region that surrounds the Oakland (ˈoʊklənd founded in 1852 is the eighth-largest city in the U Table of United States Combined Statistical AreasThe United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB defines micropolitan and metropolitan statistical areas. S. as of the 2000 Census. [87]
Like many larger U. S. cities, San Francisco is a minority-majority city, as non-Hispanic whites comprise less than half of the population. For the use of the term minority-majority in the United Kingdom, see here Minority-majority state is a term used to describe a White People is the second album by Handsome Boy Modeling School. As of 2005, the Census Bureau estimated that 44. 1 percent of the population was non-Hispanic white. [88] Asian Americans, principally Chinese, make up about a third of the population. Asian Americans are Americans of Asian ancestry. They include sub-ethnic groups such as Chinese Americans Filipino Americans Indian Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. Hispanics of any race make up about 14 percent of the population. Hispanic and Latino Americans are Americans of Hispanic or Latino descent, which comprises ancestry or origins in Hispanic America San Francisco's African American population has declined in recent decades, from 13. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa 4 percent of the city in 1970 to 7. 2% of the population in 2006. [88] The current percentage of African Americans in San Francisco is similar to that of the state of California. [89][90]
Relatively few of the city's residents are native San Franciscans. Only 35 percent of its residents were born in California; 39 percent were born outside the U. S. [49]
San Francisco has the highest percentage of same-sex households of any American county, with the Bay Area having a higher concentration than any other metropolitan area. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central [91] Gay men outnumber lesbians; it has been estimated that one in five male city residents over the age of 15 is gay. [92]
The San Francisco median household income is $57,833 and the median family income, at $67,809 in 2005, is the third-highest for any large city in the nation. [45]Following a national trend, an out-migration of middle class families is contributing to widening income disparity[47] and has left the city with a lower proportion of children, 14. 5 percent, than any other large American city. [93] The city's poverty rate, at 7. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 8 percent, is lower than the national average and among the lowest for cities ranked by the U. S. Census Department. [94]
Homelessness has been a chronic and controversial problem for San Francisco since the early 1980s. Homelessness is the condition and social category of people who lack housing because they cannot afford or are otherwise unable to maintain regular safe and adequate shelter The city is believed to have the highest number of homeless inhabitants per capita of any major city in the U. S. [95][96] The rates of violent and property crime, reported for 2005 as 799 and 4974 incidents per 100,000 residents respectively[97] are higher than the national average. Crime statistics attempt to provide a statistical measure of the level or amount of- Crime that is prevalent in societies [98] Among the 50 largest U. S. cities by population, San Francisco ranks 29th and 39th in each of those categories. [97] In 2007, the city recorded 98 homicides, the highest number in more than a decade, due largely to guns and drugs. [99]
Education
Colleges and universities
The University of California, San Francisco is part of the University of California system, and is San Francisco's second-largest employer. Mission Bay is a neighborhood on the central bayshore of San Francisco, roughly bounded by Townsend Street on the north Third Street and San Francisco Bay on the The University of California San Francisco ( UCSF) is one of the world's leading centers of Health sciences research Patient care, and education Despite its limited geographical space San Francisco California is home to a multitude of colleges and universities The University of California San Francisco ( UCSF) is one of the world's leading centers of Health sciences research Patient care, and education The University of California ( UC) is a Public university system in the state of California. [100] It is solely dedicated to graduate education in health and biomedical sciences and is ranked among the top-five medical schools in the U. S. [101] It also operates the UCSF Medical Center, ranked among the top 10 hospitals in the U. S. [102] A 43 acre Mission Bay campus was opened in 2003, complementing its original facility in Parnassus Heights. Mission Bay is a neighborhood on the central bayshore of San Francisco, roughly bounded by Townsend Street on the north Third Street and San Francisco Bay on the It contains research space and facilities to foster biotechnology and life sciences entrepreneurship and will double the size of UCSF's research enterprise. [103] The University of California, Hastings College of the Law, founded in Civic Center in 1878, is the oldest law school in California and claims more judges on the state bench than any other institution. University of California Hastings College of the Law is a top tier Law school located in the Civic Center of San Francisco California. San Francisco 's Civic Center is an area of a few blocks north of the intersection of Market Street and Van Ness Avenue that contains many of the city's [104]
San Francisco State University is part of the California State University system and is located near Lake Merced. San Francisco State University (informally referred to as San Francisco State, SF State, State and SFSU) is a public University History Today's California State University system is the direct descendant of the California State Normal School (now San José State University) a Lake Merced is a freshwater Lake in the southwest corner of San Francisco California. [105] The school has close to 30,000 students[106] and awards undergraduate and master's degrees in more than 100 disciplines. [105] The City College of San Francisco, with its main facility in the Ingleside district, is one of the largest two-year community colleges in the country. City College of San Francisco, or CCSF, is a two-year Community college in San Francisco California. Counting both major well-known neighborhoods as well as smaller specific subsections and developments there are over 100 neighborhoods in San Francisco California, USA A community college is a type of Educational institution. The term has different meanings in different countries It has an enrollment of about 100,000 students, and offers an extensive continuing education program. [107] Founded in 1855, the Jesuit-run University of San Francisco, located on Lone Mountain, focuses on the liberal arts, and is one of the oldest universities established west of the Mississippi. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order University of San Francisco ( USF) is a private Jesuit Roman Catholic University in San Francisco California. Lone Mountain is a hill in western San Francisco, California and is the site of the University of San Francisco (USF - Lone Mountain Campus which in turn The term liberal arts refers to a particular type of educational Curriculum broadly defined as a Classical education. [108]
Higher education in the arts is provided by the San Francisco Art Institute, the Academy of Art University, and an extension of the Oakland-based California College of the Arts. Founded in 1871 the San Francisco Art Institute ( SFAI) is one of the U The Academy of Art University (formerly Academy of Art College) a proprietary, Private university owned by the Stephens Institute was founded in Oakland (ˈoʊklənd founded in 1852 is the eighth-largest city in the U Founded in 1907 California College of the Arts (formerly California College of Arts and Crafts is a regionally accredited independent school of art and design in Oakland The San Francisco Conservatory of Music, the only school of its kind on the west coast, grants degrees in orchestral instruments, chamber music, composition, and conducting. San Francisco Conservatory of Music, founded in 1917 is a Music school, with an enrollment of about 350 students
The California Culinary Academy, associated with the Le Cordon Bleu program, offers programs in the culinary arts, baking & pastry arts, and hospitality & restaurant management. The California Culinary Academy (CCA is an affiliate of Le Cordon Bleu and is located in San Francisco, California. Le Cordon Bleu ( French for " Blue ribbon " is the world's largest hospitality education institution with over 22000 students and a presence in 20 countries
Primary and secondary schools
Public schools are run by the San Francisco Unified School District as well as the State Board of Education for some charter schools. The term public school has two distinct (and virtually opposite meanings depending on the location of usage in the United States, Australia and The San Francisco Unified School District is a public School district in San Francisco California. Lowell High School, the oldest public high school in the U. Lowell High School, a public Magnet school in San Francisco, is the oldest public High school west of the Mississippi in the S. west of the Mississippi,[109] and the smaller School of the Arts High School are two of San Francisco's magnet schools at the secondary level. School of the Arts High School (SOTA is a public magnet high school in San Francisco, California A magnet school is a School which offers specialized courses or curricula.
Just under 30 percent of the city's school-age population attends one of San Francisco's more than 100 private or parochial schools, compared to a 10 percent rate nationwide. For the film of this title see Private School (film. Private schools, or Independent schools are Schools not administered Parochial school is one term used (particularly in the United States) to describe a school that engages in Religious education in addition to conventional Education [110] Nearly 40 of those schools are Catholic schools managed by the Archdiocese of San Francisco. This article is about Catholic schools in general for specific schools named Catholic High School, see Catholic High School (disambiguation. [111] Among the most prominent private high schools in San Francisco are Convent of the Sacred Heart High School, San Francisco University High School, The Urban School, Lick-Wilmerding High School, St. Ignatius College Preparatory and Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparatory. Convent of the Sacred Heart High School is a private, Roman Catholic High school in San Francisco California, and part of the Schools of San Francisco University High School (familiarly known as UHS Uni or simply "University" is an academically focused college preparatory private high school located in Mission statement The Urban School of San Francisco seeks to ignite a passion for learning inspiring its students to become self-motivated enthusiastic participants in their education—both Lick-Wilmerding High School is a college-preparatory high school located in San Francisco California, United States. This article is about the high school in San Francisco California. Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparatory, commonly known as SH SHC or SHCP is a Catholic school located in the Cathedral Hill neighborhood of San Francisco,
Transportation
Roads and highways
Because of its unique geography—making beltways somewhat impractical—and the results of the freeway revolts of the late 1950s,[112] San Francisco is one of the few American cities that has opted for European-style arterial thoroughfares instead of a large network of freeways. Source of some of the Place names in San Francisco, California. The Freeway Revolts (sometimes expressway revolts) refer to a phenomenon encountered in the United States and Canada and in the 1960s and 1970s where planned An arterial road is a moderate or high-capacity Road which is immediately below a Highway Level of service. This trend continued following the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, when city leaders decided to demolish the Embarcadero Freeway, and voters approved demolition of a portion of the Central Freeway, converting them into street-level boulevards. The Loma Prieta earthquake, also known as the Quake of '89 and the World Series Quake, was a major Earthquake that struck the San Francisco Bay State Route 480 was a proposed State highway in San Francisco California, United States, consisting of the elevated double-decker Embarcadero Freeway The Central Freeway is a roughly one-mile (15 km Elevated freeway in San Francisco California, United States, connecting the Bayshore / [112]
Interstate 80 begins at the approach to the Bay Bridge and is the only direct automobile link to the East Bay. In the US state of California, Interstate 80, a major east-west route of the Interstate Highway System, has its western terminus in San Francisco U.S. Route 101 extends Interstate 80 to the south along the San Francisco Bay toward Silicon Valley. In the US state of California, US Route 101 (also known as Highway 101, The 101, or simply 101) is one of the last remaining and For the valley nicknamed "Silicone Valley" see San Fernando Valley. Northbound, 101 uses arterial streets Van Ness Avenue and Lombard Street to the Golden Gate Bridge, the only direct road access from San Francisco to Marin County and points north. Van Ness Avenue (originally known as Marlette Street) is a north-south arterial thoroughfare in San Francisco California that cut through Downtown from the Central Lombard Street is an east-west Street in San Francisco, California. The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension Bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay onto the Pacific Ocean March 11, 1889 | Highway 1 also enters San Francisco at the Golden Gate Bridge, but diverts away from 101, bisecting the west side of the city as the 19th Avenue arterial thoroughfare, and joining with Interstate 280 at the city's southern border. State Route 1, often called Highway 1, is a State highway that runs along much of the Pacific coast of the U 19th Avenue in San Francisco California is a five miles (8 km long eight lanes arterial thoroughfare that bisects the southwestern part of the city Interstate 280 (I-280 is a 57 mile (92 km long interstate Freeway in the San Francisco Bay Area metropolitan area of Northern California Interstate 280 continues this route along the central portion of the Peninsula south to San Jose. Northbound, 280 turns north and east and terminates in the South of Market area. Highway 35, which traverses the majority of the Peninsula along the ridge of the Santa Cruz Mountains, enters the city from the south as Skyline Boulevard, following city streets until it terminates at its intersection with Highway 1. State Route 35 (SR 35 in the US State of California, generally known as Skyline Boulevard, is a 2-lane Road running along the western ridge The Santa Cruz Mountains, part of the Pacific Coast Ranges, are a Mountain range in central California, United States. State Route 35 (SR 35 in the US State of California, generally known as Skyline Boulevard, is a 2-lane Road running along the western ridge Major east–west thoroughfares include Geary Boulevard, the Lincoln Way/Fell Street corridor, and Market Street/Portola Drive. Geary Boulevard (designated as Geary Street east of Van Ness Avenue) is a major east-west thoroughfare in San Francisco California, beginning downtown This is a list of Arterial thoroughfares and significant commercial corridors in San Francisco. This is a list of Arterial thoroughfares and significant commercial corridors in San Francisco. Market Street is a major street and important Thoroughfare in San Francisco California. This is a list of Arterial thoroughfares and significant commercial corridors in San Francisco.
Public transportation
- See also: San Francisco Municipal Railway
Public transit solely within the city of San Francisco is provided predominantly by the San Francisco Municipal Railway (Muni). The San Francisco Municipal Railway, commonly known as Muni, is the Public transit system for the city and county of San Francisco California The San Francisco cable car system is the world's last permanently operational manually-operated cable car system and is an icon of San Francisco, California Nob Hill refers to a small district in San Francisco California adjacent to the intersection of California and Powell streets (and the respective cable car lines The San Francisco Municipal Railway, commonly known as Muni, is the Public transit system for the city and county of San Francisco California The city-owned system operates both a combined light rail/subway system (the Muni Metro) and a bus network that includes trolleybuses, standard diesel motorcoaches and diesel hybrid buses. Muni Metro is a Mass transit system operated in the City and County of San Francisco by the San Francisco Municipal Railway, managed by the San Francisco The Metro streetcars run on surface streets in outlying neighborhoods but underground in the downtown area. [113] Additionally, Muni runs the highly-visible F Market historic streetcar line, which runs on surface streets from Castro Street to Fisherman's Wharf (through Market Street),[113] and the iconic San Francisco cable car system,[113] which is the only moving National Historic Landmark in the U. The F Market & Wharves line is one of several Light rail lines in San Francisco California. The Castro District better known as The Castro is a neighborhood within Eureka Valley in San Francisco California. Fisherman's Wharf is a Neighborhood and popular Tourist attraction in San Francisco, California, U The San Francisco cable car system is the world's last permanently operational manually-operated cable car system and is an icon of San Francisco, California A National Historic Landmark (NHL is a Building, site, Structure, Object, or District, that is officially recognized by the S. [114]
Commuter rail is provided by two complementary agencies. Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) is the regional rapid transit system which connects San Francisco with the East Bay through the Transbay Tube. The East Bay is a subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area, California, United States and comprises Alameda and Contra Costa Counties The Transbay Tube is the part of BART which runs under San Francisco Bay in California and is the longest underwater tube for Rapid transit The line runs under Market Street to Civic Center, where it turns south to the Mission District, the southern part of the city, and through northern San Mateo County, to the San Francisco International Airport, and Millbrae. San Mateo County ( "san muh-TAY-o") ( Spanish for: St San Francisco International Airport is a major international Airport located south of downtown San Francisco, California, United States adjacent to the Millbrae is a city in San Mateo County, California, United States, just west of San Francisco Bay, with San Bruno on the north and [113] The Caltrain rail system runs from San Francisco along the Peninsula down to San Jose. Caltrain ( AAR reporting marks JPBX) is a California Commuter rail line on the San Francisco Peninsula and the Santa Clara The San Francisco Peninsula in California separates the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. [113] The line dates from 1863, and for many years was operated by Southern Pacific.
The Transbay Terminal serves as the terminus for long range bus service (such as Greyhound) and as a hub for regional bus systems AC Transit (Alameda County), SamTrans (San Mateo County), and Golden Gate Transit (Marin and Sonoma Counties). San Francisco Transbay Terminal, or simply Transbay Terminal, is a transportation complex in San Francisco California, USA, located roughly in the Greyhound Lines is an intercity Common carrier of passengers by Bus serving over 3700 destinations in the United States. AC Transit (in full Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District) is a regional Bus agency serving parts of Alameda County and Contra Costa County Alameda County is a county in the US state of California. It occupies most of the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. San Mateo County Transit District ( SamTrans) is a Public transport agency in and around San Mateo California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. San Mateo County ( "san muh-TAY-o") ( Spanish for: St Golden Gate Transit is a Public transportation system in the San Francisco Bay Area in California, United States. Sonoma County, located on the northern coast of California, is one of the northernmost counties of the nine county Greater San Francisco Bay Area, U [115] Amtrak also runs a shuttle bus from San Francisco to its rail station in Emeryville. The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Doing business as Amtrak, is a Government-owned corporation that was organized on May 1, 1971 The Emeryville Amtrak station is an Amtrak station in Emeryville California that replaced the older Amtrak 16th Street Station in Oakland. Emeryville is a small city located in Alameda County California, in the United States. [116]
A small fleet of commuter and tourist ferries operate from the Ferry Building and Pier 39 to points in Marin County, Oakland, and north to Vallejo in Solano County. See also Merchant ship A ferry is a form of transport usually a Boat or Ship, used to carry (or ferry) passengers and The Ferry Building is a terminal for ferries that travel across the San Francisco Bay and a Shopping center located on The Embarcadero Pier 39 is a shopping center and popular Tourist attraction built on a pier in San Francisco California. March 11, 1889 | Oakland (ˈoʊklənd founded in 1852 is the eighth-largest city in the U Vallejo (vəˈleɪoʊ or /vəˈleɪhoʊ/ in English /baˈjeho/ in the original Spanish) is the largest city in Solano County Solano County is a County located in Bay-Delta region of the U [113]
Airports
San Francisco International Airport (SFO), though located 13 miles (21 km) south of the city in San Mateo County, is under the jurisdiction of the City and County of San Francisco. San Francisco International Airport is a major international Airport located south of downtown San Francisco, California, United States adjacent to the San Francisco International Airport is a major international Airport located south of downtown San Francisco, California, United States adjacent to the San Mateo County ( "san muh-TAY-o") ( Spanish for: St SFO is primarily adjacent to the cities of Millbrae and San Bruno, but also borders the most southern part of the city of South San Francisco. Millbrae is a city in San Mateo County, California, United States, just west of San Francisco Bay, with San Bruno on the north and San Bruno is a city in San Mateo County, California, United States. South San Francisco is a city in San Mateo County, California, United States, located on the San Francisco SFO is a hub for United Airlines, its largest tenant,[117] and the decision by Virgin America to base its operations out of SFO[118] reverses the trend of low-cost carriers opting to bypass SFO for Oakland and San Jose. United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. Virgin America is a US based Low-cost airline that began service on August 8, 2007. Oakland International Airport ( also known as Metropolitan Oakland International Airport, is a public Airport located ten miles (15 km) south of Norman Y Mineta San José International Airport in Santa Clara County, California, United States. SFO is an international gateway, with the largest international terminal in North America. [119] The airport is built on a landfill extension into the San Francisco Bay. Land reclamation is either of two distinct practices One involves creating new land from sea- or riverbeds the other refers to restoring an area to a more natural state (such as after San Francisco Bay is a shallow productive Estuary through which water draining from approximately forty percent of California, flowing in the Sacramento During the economic boom of the late 1990s, when traffic saturation led to frequent delays, it became difficult to respond to calls to relieve the pressure by constructing an additional runway as that would have required additional landfill. Such calls subsided in the early 2000s as traffic declined, and, in 2005, SFO was the 14th busiest airport in the U. S. and 23rd largest in the world, handling 32. 8 million passengers. [120]
Seaports
The Port of San Francisco was once the largest and busiest seaport on the west coast. The Ferry Building is a terminal for ferries that travel across the San Francisco Bay and a Shopping center located on The Embarcadero The Embarcadero is the eastern waterfront roadway of the Port of San Francisco, San Francisco, California, along San Francisco Bay. The Port of San Francisco lies on the western edge of the San Francisco Bay near the Golden Gate. The Port of San Francisco lies on the western edge of the San Francisco Bay near the Golden Gate. It featured rows of piers perpendicular to the shore, where cargo from the moored ships was handled by cranes and manual labor and transported to nearby warehouses. A pier is a raised Walkway over water supported by widely spread Piles or pillars. The port handled cargo to and from trans-Pacific and Atlantic destinations, and was the west coast center of the lumber trade. The West coast lumber trade was a maritime trade route on the west coast of the United States. The 1934 West Coast Longshore Strike, an important episode in the history of the American labor movement, brought the port to a standstill. The 1934 West Coast Waterfront Strike (also known as the 1934 West Coast Longshoremen's Strike, as well as a number of variations on these names lasted eighty-three days triggered Labor unions in the United States function as legally recognized representatives of workers in numerous industries The advent of container shipping made pier-based ports obsolete and most commercial berths moved to the Port of Oakland. Containerization (or containerisation) is a system of Intermodal freight transport Cargo Transport using standard ISO containers The Port of Oakland was the first major port on the Pacific Coast of the United States to build terminals for Container ships It is now the fourth busiest container
Many piers remained derelict for years until the demolition of the Embarcadero Freeway reopened the downtown waterfront, allowing for redevelopment. State Route 480 was a proposed State highway in San Francisco California, United States, consisting of the elevated double-decker Embarcadero Freeway The centerpiece of the port, the Ferry Building, while still receiving commuter ferry traffic, has been restored and redeveloped as a gourmet marketplace. The Ferry Building is a terminal for ferries that travel across the San Francisco Bay and a Shopping center located on The Embarcadero See also Merchant ship A ferry is a form of transport usually a Boat or Ship, used to carry (or ferry) passengers and The port's other activities now focus on developing waterside assets to support recreation and tourism.
Bicycling
Bicycling is a popular mode of transportation in San Francisco, with about 40,000 residents commuting to work regularly by bicycle. Cycling is the use of Bicycles or - less commonly - Unicycles Tricycles Quadricycles and other similar wheeled Human powered vehicles [121] There are 63 miles (101 km) of bicycle lanes and paths throughout the city. [122]
See also
Notes
- ^ Sullivan, James. Potrero Point San Francisco is the location of the earliest and most important industrial facilities in the Western United States on the eastern extension of San Francisco's San Francisco Municipal Wireless is a canceled Municipal wireless network that would have provided internet access to the city of San Francisco, California "Frisco, that once-verboten term for the city by the bay, is making a comeback among the young and hip. Herb Caen is spinning at warp speed.", Datebook, San Francisco: San Francisco Chronicle, 2003-10-14, p. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces D-1. Retrieved on 2008-06-12. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
- ^ San Francisco Public Library (2005-03-29). Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1461 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Towton - Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King PPIE: The City That Knows How. Amusing America. San Francisco Public Library, Online Exhibitions. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Demian Bulwa (2004-05-17). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. SAN FRANCISCO: The city that knows how goes crazy for Breakers. Zaniness the order of the day for most in crosstown footrace. SFGate. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Caen, Herb (1949). For the hockey player please see Herb Cain. Herbert Eugene Caen ( April 3, 1916 &ndash February 1, 1997 Baghdad-by-the-Bay. Garden City, N. Y. : Doubleday. LC F869. S3 C12. ISBN 978-0891740476.
- ^ US Census Bureau (2008-03-27). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007 (XLS). US Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-06-11. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes.
- ^ a b c US Census Bureau (2008-03-27). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates San Francisco County, California. Population Finder. US Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-06-12. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
- ^ US Census Bureau (2008-03-27). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates Table 2. Annual Estimates of the Population of Combined Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007 (XLS). US Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-06-12. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
- ^ Demographia (2006-08-01). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman 2000 Census: US Municipalities Over 50,000: Ranked by 2000 Population. Demographia. Retrieved on 2008-06-12. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
- ^ Stewart, Suzanne B. (November 2003). Archaeological Research Issues For The Point Reyes National Seashore - Golden Gate National Recreation Area (PDF). Sonoma State University - Anthropological Studies Center. Retrieved on 2008-06-12. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
- ^ City and County of San Francisco (n. d. ). Visitors: San Francisco Historical Information. City and County of San Francisco. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco (2004-07-16). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 622 - The beginning of the Islamic calendar. 1054 - Three Roman legates fractured relations between the Western and From the 1820s to the Gold Rush. The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ MJM Management Group (2004). History of Yerba Buena Gardens. MJM Management Group. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Tamony, Peter (October 1973). "Sourdough and French Bread". Western Folklore 32 (4): 265-270. Western States Folklore Society.
- ^ The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco (2004-07-16). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 622 - The beginning of the Islamic calendar. 1054 - Three Roman legates fractured relations between the Western and San Francisco's First Brick Building. The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Richards, Rand (1992). Historic San Francisco: A Concise History and Guide. Heritage House. ISBN 1-879367-00-9.
- ^ Harris, Ron. "Crews Unearth Shipwreck on San Francisco Condo Project", Associated Press, 2005-11-14. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
- ^ National Park Service (November 2004). The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation Under Three Flags (PDF). Golden Gate National Recreation Area Brochures. US Department of the Interior. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ London, Jack (May 5, 1906). Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John Year 1906 ( MCMVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting "The Story of an Eyewitness by Jack London". Collier's, The National Weekly. The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco.
- ^ National Park Service (2003-12-24). The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes Presidio of San Francisco: Firefighting and Dynamiting. Golden Gate National Recreation Area. US Department of the Interior. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Montagne, Renée. "Remembering the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake", People & Places, National Public Radio, 2006-04-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ US Geological Survey (2008-01-25). The United States Geological Survey ( USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Casualties and Damage after the 1906 earthquake. Earthquake Hazards Program - Northern California. US Geological Survey. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ National Park Service (2004-08-25). The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1248 - The Dutch city of Ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from Otto III the Presidio of San Francisco:1906 Earthquake and Fire. Golden Gate National Recreation Area. US Department of the Interior. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Wiley, Peter Booth (2000). National trust guide- San Francisco: America’s guide for architecture and history travelers. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. , 56-62. ISBN 9780471191209. OCLC 44313415. The OCLC Online Computer Library Center is according to its website a "nonprofit membership computer library service and research organization dedicated to the public purpose
- ^ The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco (2004-06-24). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces takes place San Francisco Gold Rush Banking - 1849. The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ National Park Service (2007-08-28). The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 475 - The Roman General Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his Capital Port of Embarkation Essay--World War II in the San Francisco Bay Area. A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary:. US Department of the Interior. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Fang, Eric CY. "Urban Renewal Revisited: A Design Critique", SPUR Newsletter, San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Transamerica Insurance and Investment Group (n. Transamerica Corporation is a holding company for various Life insurance companies and Investment firms doing business primarily in the United States. d. ). Pyramid Facts and Figures. Company Profile. Transamerica Insurance and Investment Group. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Wiley, Peter Booth (2000). National trust guide- San Francisco: America’s guide for architecture and history travelers. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. , 95-96. ISBN 9780471191209. OCLC 44313415. The OCLC Online Computer Library Center is according to its website a "nonprofit membership computer library service and research organization dedicated to the public purpose
- ^ Willis, James; Habib, Jerry, Brittan, Jeremy (2004-04-19). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer San Francisco Planning Department Census Data Analysis (PPT). San Francisco State University. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Minton, Torri. "Race Through Time", San Francisco Chronicle, Hearst Communications, 1998-09-20, pp. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France. SC-4. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Graham, Tom. "Peak Experience", San Francisco Chronicle, Hearst Communications, 2004-11-07, pp. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat PK-23. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Nolte, Carl. "Fog Heaven: The sun will come out tomorrow. Or maybe not. It's summer in the city, and that means gray skies", San Francisco Chronicle, Hearst Communications, 2005-08-19, pp. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. A-1. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Snopes (2007-09-26). Snopes (ˈsnoʊps also known as the Urban Legends Reference Pages, is a Web site that is the most widely-known resource for validating or debunking Urban legends Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar dedicates a And Never the Twain Shall Tweet. Urban Legends Reference Pages. Snopes. com.
- ^ Golden Gate Weather Services (2002). Climate of San Francisco - Narrative Description. Golden Gate Weather Services. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Weatherbase. com (2008). Historical Weather for Livermore, California, United States of America. Weatherbase. com. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ National Climatic Data Center (2004-06-24). The United States National Climatic Data Center ( NCDC) in Asheville, North Carolina is the world's largest active Archive of "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces takes place June 2000 City/State Extremes. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. US Department of Commerce. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ Golden Gate Weather Services (2001-06-28). Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul. San Francisco - Top 10 Temperatures. Golden Gate Weather Services. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for
- ^ a b Null, Jan (January 1995). Climate of San Francisco (Third Revision). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. US Department of Commerce. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Golden Gate Weather Services (2006). Climate of San Francisco - Snowfall. Golden Gate Weather Services. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Desert Research Institute (2008-01-23). The Desert Research Institute (DRI is the nonprofit research campus of the Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE the organization that oversees all publicly-supported higher 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Historical Climate Information. Western Regional Climate Center. Desert Research Institute. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Weatherbase. com (2008). Historical Weather for San Francisco, California, United States of America. Weatherbase. com. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Chow, Andrew. "Dismal APA Turnout at First Redistricting Meetings", Asian Week, 2002-03-22. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 238 - Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman emperor.
- ^ Schwarzer, Michelle. "San Francisco by the Numbers: Planning After the 2000 Census", SPUR Newsletter, San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Sadovi, Maura Webber (2006-04-12). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. San Francisco's Home Prices Remain Among the Highest in U.S.. Real Estate Journal. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ a b US Census Bureau (2007-08-22). The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 392 - Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor. Median Family Income (In 2003 Inflation-adjusted Dollars). American Community Survey. US Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Hawn, Carleen (March 2007). It may not feel like it, but your shot at the good life is getting better. Here's why. San Francisco magazine. Modern Luxury. Archived from the original on 2007-02-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 303 - Galerius, Roman Emperor, publishes his edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ a b Hendricks, Tyche. "Rich City Poor City: Middle-class neighborhoods are disappearing from the nation's cities, leaving only high- and low-income districts, new study says.", San Francisco Chronicle, Hearst Communications, 2006-06-22, pp. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. A-1. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Wach, Bonnie. "Fog City rises from the funk.", USA Today, Gannett Company, Inc. , 2003-10-03. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's Retrieved on 2006-09-04. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself
- ^ a b c Egan, Ted (2006-04-03). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. An Overview of San Francisco's Recent Economic Performance - Executive Summary (PDF). ICF Consulting. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Lam, Eric. "San Francisco Chinese New Year Parade Embroiled in Controversy", The Epoch Times, 2005-12-22. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Leip, Dave (2008-06-04). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Dave Leip. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (n. d. ). Corporate Sponsorship - Why Sponsor. San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ San Francisco Zoo (n. The San Francisco Zoo, housing more than 250 animal species is located in the southwestern corner of San Francisco California nestled between Lake Merced and d. ). What to See at the Zoo. San Francisco Zoo. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Audit Bureau of Circulations (2007-03-31). The Audit Bureau of Circulations ( ABC) of North America is a not-for-profit circulation-auditing organization Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Top 200 Newspapers by Largest Reported Circulation. Audit Bureau of Circulations. Archived from the original on 2007-08-13. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation the start of the Maya calendar. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Rosenberg, Scott. "The San Francisco Examiner, 1887–2000", Salon. com, 2000-03-21. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Nolte, Carl. "Examiner Staff Ends an Era With Tears, Newsroom Tales", San Francisco Chronicle, Hearst Communications, 2000-11-22, pp. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran A-1. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Hua, Vanessa. "Newspaper war in the Bay Area: Ming Pao becomes 6th Chinese-language daily", San Francisco Chronicle, Hearst Communications, 2004-08-03, pp. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 8 - Roman Empire General Tiberius defeats Dalmatians on the river Bathinus. B-1. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Nielsen Media Research (2007-09-22). Nielsen Media Research ( NMR) is an American firm that measures media Audiences including Television, Radio Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians Local Television Market Universe Estimates (XLS). Nielsen Media. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Arbitron (2008-04-16). Arbitron ( is a Radio audience research company in the United States which collects listener data on radio audiences similar to that collected by Nielsen Media 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Arbitron Radio Market Rankings: Spring 2008. Arbitron. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ Arbitron (2004-06-17). Arbitron ( is a Radio audience research company in the United States which collects listener data on radio audiences similar to that collected by Nielsen Media "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1462 - Vlad III the Impaler attempts to assassinate Mehmed II ( The Night Attack) forcing him to retreat Top 30 Public Radio Subscribers - Winter 2004 Arbitron (PDF). Radio Research Consortium. Arbitron Media Research. Retrieved on 2008-06-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
- ^ US Environmental Protection Agency (May 2005). Federal Brownfields Tax Incentive: SBC Park (PDF). Brownfields. US Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ ING Group (2008-03-11). ING Groep NV () (known as ING Group) is a Financial institution of Dutch origin offering Banking Insurance and 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty About Us - History. ING Bay to Breakers. ING Group. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Winitz, Mark (2004-06-18). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries San Francisco Marathon Expands Cool Reputation. Press Release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News The San Francisco Marathon. Archived from the original on 2006-12-30. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1460 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield. 1816 - The Treaty of St Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ SF Municipal Transportation Authority (2008-05-12). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. Bicycle Network Facilities. Commuting and Resources. SF Municipal Transportation Authority. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Hübler, Eric. "The Fittest and Fattest Cities in America", Men's Fitness, American Media, Inc, 2008. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Gonzales, Richard. "New Parts of Alcatraz Revealed to Public", People and Places, National Public Radio, 2006-05-22. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 334 BC - The Greek army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Finz, Stacy. "Rice-a-Redux After a 7-year hiatus, it's billed once again as the San Francisco treat", San Francisco Chronicle, Hearst Communications, 2006-07-16, pp. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 622 - The beginning of the Islamic calendar. 1054 - Three Roman legates fractured relations between the Western and A-1. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ US Office of Travel and Tourism Industries (2008-05-27). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed Overseas Visitation Estimates for U.S. States, Cities, and Census Regions: 2007 (PDF). International Visitation in the United States. US Department of Commerce. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ City and County of San Francisco (n. d. ). Sights in San Francisco. City and County of San Francisco. Retrieved on 2006-09-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 81 - Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus.
- ^ Raine, George. "Tourism dollars add up", San Francisco Chronicle, Hearst Communications, 2006-05-13, pp. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. C-1. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Spain, William. "Cost factors: Top convention cities boast most-affordable lodging.", CBS Marketwatch, Marketwatch Inc, 2004-11-13. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1002 - English king Ethelred orders the killing of all Danes in England, known today as the St Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ City-Data. com (n. d. ). San Francisco: Economy. Advameg Inc. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Fortune magazine. "2008: Cities", Fortune 500, Time Inc, 2008-05-05. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Selna, Robert. "New jobs, houses spur S.F. population in 2007", San Francisco Chronicle, Hearst Communications, 2008-05-15, pp. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the B-1. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Tan, Aldrich M. . "San Francisco is gateway city for immigrants and Silicon Valley Technology", Fogcityjournal. com, 2006-04-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Retrieved on 2008-06-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history
- ^ Said, Carolyn (2005-11-29). Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1777 - San Jose California, is founded as el Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe Main Street Fights Chain Street. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved on August 27, 2006.
- ^ Hetter, Katia (2004-03-21). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. Supervisors OK limits on chain-store expansion. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved on 2007-01-19. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy.
- ^ Proposition G: Limitations on Formula Retail Stores, City of San Francisco. smartvoter. org. Retrieved on 2007-01-19. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy.
- ^ Coy, Owen Cochran (1919). Guide to the County Archives of California. Sacramento, California: California Historical Survey Commission, 409.
- ^ Board of Supervisors District Information. City and County of San Francisco, Board of Supervisors. Retrieved on January 29, 2006.
- ^ Key Facts: Healthy San Francisco. Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured (March 2008). Retrieved on March 14, 2008.
- ^ Vega, Cecilia. "Newsom signs the city's largest budget", San Francisco Chronicle, 2007-07-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason.
- ^ Search for consulates in San Francisco, CA. Yellowpages. com. Retrieved on 2006-08-27. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan
- ^ Gibson, Campbell (June, 1998). Population of the 100 Largest Cieties and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990. U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on January 29, 2006.
- ^ The city of San Francisco has announced it will contest the Census Bureau figure, stating that its own estimate is closer to 864,000. Ref: Steve Rubenstein. "Newsom says U.S. census missed 100,000; City to officially fight '07 population estimate of 764,000", San Francisco Chronicle, April 1, 2008.
- ^ For cities with greater than 200,000 population. 2000 Census: US Municipalities Over 50,000: Ranked by 2000 Density. Retrieved on August 23, 2007.
- ^ Census 2000 PHC-T-29. Ranking Tables for Population of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, Combined Statistical Areas, New England City and Town Areas, and Combined New England City and Town Areas: 1990 and 2000. (Microsoft Excel) U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on August 31, 2006.
- ^ a b State & County QuickFacts: San Francisco County, California. U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on June 21, 2007.
- ^ Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 Geographic Area: San Francisco County, California.PDF (38. 8 KB) U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on August 31, 2006.
- ^ State & County QuickFacts: California. U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on February 11, 2007.
- ^ Gay and Lesbian Families in the United States: Same-Sex Unmarried Partner Households (PDF). Human Rights Campaign. Retrieved on August 27, 2006.
- ^ San Francisco may be the World's Gayest City - Report. People's Daily Online (April 10, 2006). Retrieved on May 15, 2008.
- ^ Leff, Lisa (May 24, 2005). Child Population Dwindles in San Francisco. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved on August 27, 2006.
- ^ The 2006 Statistical Abstract: Income, Expenditures, & Wealth, Table 691 - Household Income, Family Income, Per Capita Income, and Individuals and Families Below Poverty Level by City: 2003. (Microsoft Excel) U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved September 5, 2006
- ^ Care Not Cash. PBS (2005-04-05). The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop Retrieved on September 6, 2007.
- ^ Pratt, Timothy (August 13–14, 2006). Critics say regional plan won't solve the problem. Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved on August 30, 2006.
- ^ a b Uniform Crime Reports: Table 8 Offenses Known to Law Enforcement by State by City, 2005, Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved on July 24, 2007.
- ^ Table 1 Crime in the United States by Volume and Rate per 100,000 Inhabitants, 1986 - 2005 Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved on July 24, 2007.
- ^ Vega, Cecilia. "Guns, crack cocaine fuel homicides in S.F. - 98 killings in 2007", San Francisco Chronicle, 2008-01-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign
- ^ San Francisco Business Information: Largest Employers in San Francisco. San Francisco Business Times Book of Lists, 2007. San Francisco Center for Economic Development. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits
- ^ America's Best Graduate Schools: Best Medical Schools. U.S. News and World Report (2008). USNews & World Report is an influential weekly American Newsmagazine published in Washington D Retrieved on 2006-08-26. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert.
- ^ America's Best Hospitals 2007. U. S. News and World Report (2008). Retrieved on 2006-08-26. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert.
- ^ Wallace Ravven (July 22, 2003). New UCSF Mission Bay campus: country's largest biomedical university expansion. UCSF. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits
- ^ Hastings Quick Facts. University of California, Hastings College of the Law. Retrieved on 2006-08-30. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1363 - Beginning date of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders— Chen Youliang and
- ^ a b SF State Facts 2006-2007: Today. SFSU. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits
- ^ SF State Facts 2006-2007: Students. SFSU. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits
- ^ End-of-Year Assessment Report Highlights 2005/6. PDF (161 KB) City College of San Francisco. Retrieved on January 9, 2007.
- ^ University of San Francisco Fact Book and Almanac 2007. PDF (371 KB) University of San Francisco. (December 31, 2007). Retrieved on June 9, 2008.
- ^ Lowell History: The Oldest Public High School West of the Mississippi. San Francisco Unified School District. Retrieved on September 4, 2006.
- ^ Knight, Heather (May 31, 2006). Many reluctantly chose private schools. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved on August 27, 2006.
- ^ School Directory Archdiocese of San Francisco, Department of Catholic Schools. Retrieved on August 27, 2006.
- ^ a b Gordon, Rachel. "Boulevard of dreams, the premiere", San Francisco Chronicle, 2005-09-08. The San Francisco Chronicle was founded in 1865 as The Daily Dramatic Chronicle by teenage brothers Charles de Young and Michael H Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable
- ^ a b c d e f Bay Area Traveler: Transportation Information. San Francisco Chronicle (March 2007). Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable
- ^ Report on San Francisco's Cable Cars.PDF (250 KB), San Francisco Beautiful. (May 2007). Retrieved on June 7, 2008.
- ^ Project Overview - Regional Transit. Transbay Transit Center. Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable
- ^ Profile of Emeryville Station. Amtrak. Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable
- ^ Young, Eric (April 2, 2004). Pact keeps United from flying away. San Francisco Business Times. Retrieved on August 28, 2006.
- ^ Raine, George (December 9, 2005). Taking to the air: Low-fare startup Virgin America says it has the funding to fly. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved on August 28, 2006.
- ^ Fact Sheet: International Terminal.PDF (26. 8 KB) San Francisco International Airport. (Largest in terms of square feet). Retrieved on August 22, 2006.
- ^ Data Center: Passenger Traffic 2005 FINAL. Airports Council International. Retrieved on August 23, 2006.
- ^ Bicyclists winning a war of lanes in San Francisco Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved on July 22, 2007.
- ^ Bicycle Network Facilities San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency. Retrieved on July 22, 2007.
References
- De La Perouse, Jean Francois; Yamane, Linda Gonsalves; Margolin, Malcolm (1989). Life in a California Mission: Monterey in 1786: The Journals of Jean Francois De La Perouse. Heyday Books. ISBN 0-930588-39-8.
- Hansen, Gladys (1995). San Francisco Almanac: Everything you want to know about the city. Chronicle Books. ISBN 0-8118-0841-6.
- London, Jack (May 5, 1906). "The Story of an Eyewitness by Jack London". Collier's, The National Weekly.
- Richards, Rand (1991). Historic San Francisco: A Concise History and Guide. Heritage House. ISBN 1-879367-00-9.
- Ungaretti, Lorri (2005). San Francisco's Richmond District. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 0-7385-3053-0.
- Wiley, Peter Booth (2000). National trust guide San Francisco: America’s guide for architecture and history travelers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. . ISBN 0-471-19120-5.
Further reading
- Asbury, Hubert (1989). The Barbary Coast: An Informal History of the San Francisco Underworld. Dorset Press. ISBN 0-88029-428-0.
- Bronson, William (2006). The Earth Shook, the Sky Burned. Chronicle Books. ISBN 0-8118-5047-1.
- Cassady, Stephen (1987). Spanning the Gate. Square Books. ISBN 0-916290-36-0.
- Dillon, Richard H. (1998). High Steel: Building the Bridges Across San Francisco Bay. Celestial Arts (Reissue edition). ISBN 0-88029-428-0.
- Ferlinghetti, Lawrence (1980). Literary San Francisco: A pictorial history from its beginnings to the present day. Harper & Row. ISBN 0-06-250325-1.
- Hartman, Chester (2002). City for Sale: The Transformation of San Francisco. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08605-8.
- Holliday, J. S. (1999). Rush for Riches: Gold Fever and the Making of California. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-21402-1.
- Lotchin, Roger W. (1997). San Francisco, 1846–1856: From Hamlet to City. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-06631-6.
- Margolin, Malcolm (1981). The Ohlone Way: Indian Life in the San Francisco-Monterey Bay Area. Heydey Books. ISBN 0-930588-01-0.
- Thomas, Gordon and Witts, Max Morgan (1971). The San Francisco Earthquake. Stein and Day. ISBN 0-8128-1360-X.
External links
- Bay Area Public Transit Info, Schedules and Maps
- Official website for the City and County of San Francisco
- San Francisco travel guide from Wikitravel
- Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco
Wikitravel is a Web -based project "to create a free, complete up-to-date and reliable worldwide travel guide.
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