City of San Diego
San Diego Skyline
Flag Seal
Nickname: America's Finest City
Motto: Semper Vigilans (Latin: Ever Vigilant)
Location of San Diego within San Diego County
Country	United States
State	California
County	San Diego
Founded	July 16, 1769
Incorporated	March 27, 1850
Government
- Type	Mayor-council
- Mayor	Jerry Sanders (R)
- City Attorney	Michael Aguirre
- City Council	Scott Peters Kevin Faulconer Toni Atkins Tony Young Brian Maienschein Donna Frye Jim Madaffer Ben Hueso
Area
- City	372. A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. San Diego County is a County located on the Pacific Ocean in the far southwest of the U Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The US state of California is divided into fifty-eight counties. San Diego County is a County located on the Pacific Ocean in the far southwest of the U Events 622 - The beginning of the Islamic calendar. 1054 - Three Roman legates fractured relations between the Western and Year 1769 ( MDCCLXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates For the game see 1850 (board game. 1850 ( MDCCCL) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link The Mayor-Council government system sometimes called the Mayor-Commission government system is one of two variations of Government used for the most part in modern This is a list of Mayors of San Diego California. See also the list of alcaldes (mayors for the Pueblo of San Diego prior to statehood. Gerald Robert "Jerry" Sanders (born July 14, 1950) is a Republican Politician, Mayor of San Diego, California The prosecutor is the chief legal representative of the prosecution in countries with either the Common law Adversarial system, or the civil law Michael Jules Aguirre (born 1949 to Julio and Margaret Aguirre is the City Attorney for the City of San Diego, California. A city council is a form of Local government, usually covering a City or other Urban area, such as a Town. Scott Peters is a politician representing San Diego City Council District 1 Toni G Atkins (born August 1, 1962) is an American Democratic Politician and a member of the San Diego City Council Donna Frye (January 20 1952&ndash is a member of the San Diego City Council, representing District 6 Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status 1 sq mi (963. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 6 km²)
- Land	324. To help compare different Orders of magnitude and geographical regions we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km² 3 sq mi (840. 0 km²)
- Water	47. 7 sq mi (123. 5 km²)
Elevation	72 ft (22 m)
Population (2006)[1]
- City	1,256,951 (8th)
- Density	3,871. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status The Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 5/sq mi (1,494. 7/km²)
- Metro	2,941,454 Including Tijuana: 4,922,723
Time zone	PST (UTC-8)
- Summer (DST)	PDT (UTC-7)
ZIP code	92101-92117, 92119-92124, 92126-92140, 92142, 92145, 92147, 92149-92155, 92158-92172, 92174-92177, 92179, 92182, 92184, 92186, 92187, 92190-92199
Area code(s)	619/858
FIPS code	06-66000
GNIS feature ID	1661377
Other City Symbols City Flower: Carnation City Urban Tree: Jacaranda City Native Tree: Torrey Pine
Website: http://www.sandiego.gov/

San Diego (pronounced /ˌsændiˈeɪgoʊ/) is a coastal Southern California city located in the southwestern corner of the continental United States. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central The Pacific Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting eight hours from Coordinated Universal Time ( UTC-8) UTC−8 is a band of Timezones separated from the Universal Coordinated Time by 8 hours Daylight saving time ( DST The Pacific Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting eight hours from Coordinated Universal Time ( UTC-8) UTC−7 can be observed in Mountain Standard Time Zone Pacific Daylight Time Zone Canada The ZIP code is the system of Postal codes used by the United States Postal Service (USPS A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks North American area code 619 is a California Telephone Area code which was split from Area code 714 on November 5, North American area code 858 is located in San Diego County California and covers the inner northern suburbs of San Diego California and the northern half Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout Jacaranda (pronounced,, or) is a Genus of 49 species of Flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae, native to tropical and subtropical The Torrey Pine ( Pinus torreyana) also called "Del Mar Pine" and "Soledad Pine" is a broad open-crowned Pine growing to 8-15 m tall with Southern California, or So Cal, is defined as the southern portion of the U The term continental United States refers to the 48 contiguous states located on the North American continent south of the border with Canada plus the District In 2006, the city's population was estimated to be 1,256,951. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ^[1] It is the second largest city in California and the eighth largest city in the United States, by population. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The It is the county seat of San Diego County. A county seat is a term for an Administrative center for a County, primarily used in the United States. San Diego County is a County located on the Pacific Ocean in the far southwest of the U ^[2] and is the economic center of the San Diego–Carlsbad–San Marcos metropolitan area, the 17th-largest in the United States with a population of 2. See also Metropolitan Statistical Area, Core Based Statistical Area Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasThe United States Census Bureau has defined 9 million as of 2006, and the 21st-largest metropolitan area in the Americas when including Tijuana (See San Diego-Tijuana Metro.). This is a list of the largest Metropolitan areas in The Americas. The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the Continents of North America and South America Tijuana (ˌtiːəˈwɑːnə Spanish, ti'xwana|ti'ʍana is the largest city of the Mexican state of Baja California, situated on the U

San Diego County lies just north of the Mexican border—sharing a border with Tijuana—and lies south of Orange County. Tijuana (ˌtiːəˈwɑːnə Spanish, ti'xwana|ti'ʍana is the largest city of the Mexican state of Baja California, situated on the U Orange County is a county in Southern California, United States. It is home to miles of beaches, a mild Mediterranean climate and 16 military facilities hosting the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard and the United States Marine Corps. A Mediterranean climate is one that resembles the Climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, which includes over half of the area with this climate type world-wide

The University of California, San Diego (UCSD) and the affiliated UCSD Medical Center combined with nearby research institutes in the Torrey Pines area of La Jolla make the area influential in biotechnology research. The University of California San Diego (popularly known as UC San Diego or UCSD) is a public Research university in San Diego, California La Jolla (ləˈhɔɪə "luh-HOY-uh") is a wealthy Seaside resort community of up to 42808 residents within the city of San Diego, California San Diego's economy is largely composed of agriculture, biotechnology/biosciences, computer sciences, electronics manufacturing, defense-related manufacturing, financial and business services, ship-repair and construction, software development, telecommunications, and tourism.

History

Main article: History of San Diego, California

The area has long been inhabited by the Kumeyaay people. The recorded history of the San Diego, California region goes back to the Spanish penetration of California in the 16th century The Kumeyaay, also known as the Diegueño, are Native American people of the extreme southwestern United States and northwest Mexico. The first European to visit the region was Portuguese explorer Juan Rodrigues Cabrillo sailing under the Spanish Flag, (1499 - 1543), who sailed his flagship San Salvador from Navidad, New Spain. The Portuguese people (os Portugueses literally the Portuguese) are the Ethnic group or Nation native to the country of Portugal, in the west Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo (ca 1499 &ndash January 3 1543 was a Portuguese explorer known as João Rodrigues Cabrilho in Portuguese noted for his exploration The Viceroyalty of New Spain (Virreinato de Nueva España was a name given to the Viceroy -ruled territories of the Spanish Empire in North America, Cabrillo claimed the bay for the Spanish Empire and named the site San Miguel. The Spanish Empire (Imperio Español was one of the largest Empires in history and one of the first Global empires In the 15th and 16th centuries In November of 1602, Sebastián Vizcaíno was sent to map the California coast. Sebastián Vizcaíno (1548-1624 was a Spanish soldier entrepreneur explorer and diplomat whose varied roles took him to New Spain, the Philippines, the Baja Arriving on his flagship San Diego, Vizcaíno surveyed the harbor and what are now Mission Bay and Point Loma and named the area for the Catholic Saint Didacus, a Spaniard more commonly known as San Diego. Point Loma is a seaside neighborhood of San Diego, California. Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete". Saint Didacus of Alcalá or Diego, more familiar as San Diego, was a Lay brother of the Order of Friars Minor who died at Alcalá de Henares On November 12, 1602, the first Christian religious service of record in Alta California was conducted by Fray Antonio de la Ascensión, a member of Vizcaíno's expedition, to celebrate the feast day of San Diego. Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days Alta California (Upper California was formed in 1804 when the Province of the Californias, then a part of the Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas in the

Mission San Diego de Alcalá, July 1979 (Robert E. Nylund)

In 1769, Gaspar de Portolà established the Presidio of San Diego (a military post) overlooking Old Town. Gaspar de Portolà i Rovira (1716 1784 was a soldier Governor of Baja and Alta California (1767&ndash1770 Explorer and founder of El Presidio Reál de San Diego ( Royal Presidio of San Diego) is a historical fort established on May 14, 1769 by Commandant Pedro Fages Around the same time, Mission San Diego de Alcalá was founded by Franciscan friars under Father Junípero Serra. Mission San Diego de Alcalá, also known as the San Diego Mission Church, was founded on July 16, 1769, the first in the twenty-one Alta California The term Franciscan is commonly used to refer to members of Catholic Fra Junípero Serra ( November 24, 1713 &ndash August 28, 1784) was a Spanish Franciscan Friar who founded By 1797, the mission boasted the largest native population in Alta California, with over 1,400 neophytes living in and around the mission proper. After New Spain won its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1823, Mission San Diego de Alcalá's fortunes declined in the 1830s after the decree of secularization was enacted, as was the case with all of the missions under the control of Mexico. Secularization or secularisation generally refers to the process of transformation by which a Society migrates from close identification with religious institutions The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. In 1847 San Diego was a destination of the 2,000-mile (3,200 km) march of the Mormon Battalion which built the city's first courthouse with brick. The Mormon Battalion was the only religious "unit" in American military history serving from July 1846 to July 1847 during the Mexican-American War.

After the Battle of San Pasqual, the end of the Mexican-American War, and the gold rush of 1848, San Diego was designated the seat of the newly-established San Diego County and was incorporated as a city in 1850. The Battle of San Pasqual (also spelled San Pascual) was a military encounter that occurred during the Mexican-American War in what is now the San Pasqual The California Gold Rush (1848&ndash1855 began on January 24 1848 when Gold was discovered by James Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California In the years before World War I, the Industrial Workers of the World labor union conducted a free speech fight in San Diego, arousing a brutal response (see San Diego Free Speech Fight. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The Industrial Workers of the World ( IWW or the Wobblies) is an international union currently headquartered in Cincinnati Ohio, USA Free speech fights is the term used to describe a number of conflicts in the early twentieth century particularly those relating to the efforts of the Industrial Workers of the World The San Diego Free Speech Fight in San Diego, California in 1912 1913 was one of the most famous of the " Free speech fights " Class )

Significant U. S. Naval presence began in 1907 with the establishment of the Navy Coaling Station, which gave further impetus to the development of the town. San Diego hosted two World's Fairs, the Panama-California Exposition in 1915, and the California Pacific International Exposition in 1935. Expo (short for "exposition" and also known as World Fair and World's Fair) is the name given to various large public exhibitions held since the The Panama-California Exposition was an exposition held in San Diego California between March 9, 1915 and January 1, 1917 The California Pacific International Exposition was an exposition held in San Diego California during May 29, 1935 &ndash November Many of the Spanish/Baroque-style buildings in the city's Balboa Park were built for these expositions, particularly the one in 1915. Balboa Park is a 1200 acre (49 km² urban cultural park in San Diego California, United States named after the Spanish explorer Vasco Intended to be temporary structures, most remained in continuous use until they progressively fell into disrepair. All were eventually rebuilt using castings of the original facades to faithfully retain the architectural style.

After World War II, the military played an increasing role in the local economy, but post-Cold War cutbacks took a heavy toll on the local defense and aerospace industries. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the The resulting downturn led San Diego leaders to seek to diversify the city's economy, and San Diego has since become a major center of the emerging biotechnology industry. Biotechnology is Technology based on Biology, especially when used in Agriculture, Food science, and Medicine. It is also home to telecommunications giant Qualcomm. Qualcomm ( is a wireless telecommunications research and development company based in San Diego California

A view of One America Plaza from Seaport Village. One America Plaza is the tallest building in San Diego California and a prominent fixture in San Diego's Skyline. Seaport Village is a shopping and dining complex overlooking the bay in San Diego, California.

San Diego's Gaslamp Quarter

Downtown San Diego has been undergoing an urban renewal since the early 1980s, beginning with the opening of Horton Plaza, the revival of the Gaslamp Quarter, and the construction of the San Diego Convention Center. Downtown San Diego (also referred to as Centre City) is the city center of San Diego, California, U Horton Plaza is a 5 level outdoor Shopping mall located in downtown San Diego and remarkable for its bright colors architectural tricks and odd spatial rhythms The Quarter is home to many events and festivals including Mardi Gras in the Gaslamp Taste of Gaslamp and ShamROCK a St The San Diego Convention Center is the main Convention center for the city of San Diego, California. The Centre City Development Corporation (CCDC), San Diego's downtown redevelopment agency, has transformed what was a largely abandoned downtown into a glittering showcase of waterfront skyscrapers, expensive live-work loft developments, five-star hotels, and many cafes, restaurants, and boutiques. A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable Building. There is no official definition or a precise cutoff height above which a building may clearly be classified as a skyscraper Stars are often used as symbols for classification purposes They are used by reviewers for ranking things such as movies TV shows restaurants and hotels A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging usually on a short-term basis A restaurant is a retail establishment that serves prepared Food to Customers. A boutique, from the French word for "shop" is a small Shopping outlet especially one that specialises in elite and fashionable items such as Clothing

The North Embarcadero is slated to have parks in addition to a waterfront promenade. And Balboa Park will be linked to downtown with a view corridor. The recent boom in the construction of condos and skyscrapers has brought with it a gentrification frenzy, and some people are concerned that speculators have played too big a role in the condo market downtown. Gentrification, or urban gentrification, is the change in an Urban area associated with the movement of more affluent individuals into a lower-class In the meantime, the city is committed to a "smart growth" development scheme that would increase density along transit corridors in older neighborhoods (the "City of Villages" planning concept. Smart growth is an urban planning and transportation theory that concentrates growth in the center of a city to avoid Urban sprawl; and advocates compact ) Some neighborhoods are resisting this planning approach, but "mixed-use development" has had its successes, especially the award-winning Uptown Shopping Center in Hillcrest. Mixed-use development is the practice of allowing more than one type of use in a building or set of buildings

The latest accomplishment of CCDC has been the recent inauguration of PETCO Park. PETCO Park is an open-air Stadium in downtown San Diego, California. The once-industrial East Village adjacent to the new ballpark is now the new frontier in San Diego's downtown urban renewal.

A series of scandals has rocked the city in recent years. With mounting pressure aggravated by underfunding of pensions for city employees that began prior to his administration, Mayor Dick Murphy, in April 2005, announced his intention to resign by mid-July. Two city council members, Ralph Inzunza and deputy mayor Michael Zucchet — who was to take Murphy's place — were ultimately convicted of extortion, wire fraud, and conspiracy to commit wire fraud for taking campaign contributions from a strip club owner and his associates, allegedly in exchange for trying to repeal the city's "no touch" laws at strip clubs. Ralph Inzunza was the San Diego City Council District Eight representative elected in February 2001 who resigned in 2005 along with Michael Zucchet after being involved Michael J Zucchet ( December 24, 1969 &ndash is a San Diego -born American Democratic Politician, a former member Extortion, outwresting, or exaction is a criminal offense, which occurs when a person Unlawfully obtains either money property or services Wire fraud is a legal concept in the United States Code which provides for enhanced penalty of any criminally fraudulent activity if it is determined that the activity involved Both subsequently resigned. The judge later set aside (overturned) the conviction in Zucchet's case.

On November 28, 2005, U. For the town in Argentina, see 28 de Noviembre. Events Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. S. Congressman Randy "Duke" Cunningham resigned over a bribery scandal. Randall Harold Cunningham (born December 8, 1941) usually known as Randy or Duke, was a Republican member of the United Bribery, a form of pecuniary corruption is an act usually implying money or gift given that alters the behaviour of the recipient in ways not consistent with the duties of that person Cunningham represented California's 50th congressional district, which mostly lies outside (north) of the city of San Diego proper. California's 50th congressional district represents a part of north coastal San Diego County. He is currently serving a one-hundred-month prison sentence.

Geography

See also: Beaches in San Diego, California and Parks in San Diego, California

The San Diego-Tijuana metropolitan area. Beaches in San Diego California, USA (North to South Torrey Pines State Beach Black's Beach La Jolla Shores This is a list of parks in San Diego, California, USA: Balboa Park (cultural park Belmont Park (historic

The city of San Diego itself has deep canyons separating its mesas, creating small pockets of natural parkland scattered throughout the city. The same canyons give parts of the city a highly segmented feel, creating literal gaps between otherwise proximal neighborhoods and contributing to a low-density, car-centered built environment. Downtown San Diego is located on San Diego Bay. Downtown San Diego (also referred to as Centre City) is the city center of San Diego, California, U San Diego Bay is a natural harbor adjacent to San Diego California. Balboa Park lies on a mesa to the northeast. It is surrounded by several dense urban communities and abruptly ends in Hillcrest to the north. Hillcrest is a neighborhood in San Diego northwest of Balboa Park. The Coronado and Point Loma peninsulas separate San Diego Bay from the ocean. Coronado is a city in San Diego County, California, United States. Point Loma is a seaside neighborhood of San Diego, California. Ocean Beach is on the west side of Point Loma. Mission Beach and Pacific Beach lie between the ocean and Mission Bay, a man-made aquatic park. Mission Beach is a community on a stretch of sandbar along the Pacific Ocean to the west and Mission Bay to the Pacific Beach is a neighborhood of San Diego, bounded by La Jolla to the north Mission Beach to the south Interstate 5 and Clairemont La Jolla, an affluent community, lies north of Pacific Beach. La Jolla (ləˈhɔɪə "luh-HOY-uh") is a wealthy Seaside resort community of up to 42808 residents within the city of San Diego, California Mount Soledad in La Jolla offers views from northern San Diego County to Mexico. Mount Soledad is a prominent Landmark in the city of San Diego, California, United States. Mountains rise to the east of the city, and beyond the mountains are desert areas. Cleveland National Forest is a half-hour drive from downtown San Diego. The Cleveland National Forest encompasses 460000 Acres (1900 km² (720 sq Numerous farms are found in the valleys northeast and southeast of the city. San Diego County has one of the highest counts of animal and plant species that appear on the endangered species list among counties in the United States. An endangered species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming Extinct because it is either few in numbers or threatened by changing environmental or predation ^[3]

Climate

Main article: Climate of San Diego, California

San Diego has a temperate Mediterranean climate (Koppen climate classification CSb). The Climate of San Diego California is predominantly a semi-arid Mediterranean climate ( Köppen climate classification BSh A Mediterranean climate is one that resembles the Climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, which includes over half of the area with this climate type world-wide The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems It was developed by Wladimir Köppen, a German climatologist It enjoys mild, Dry-Summer subtropical, sunny weather throughout the year. Average monthly temperatures range from about 57 °Fahrenheit (14°C) in January to 72 °Fahrenheit (22°C) in July, although late summer and early autumn are typically the hottest times of the year. The average annual daily temperature is 62. 6° Fahrenheit. Snow and ice are virtually nonexistent in the wintertime, typically occurring only inland from the coast when present. "May gray and June gloom", a local saying, refers to the way in which San Diego sometimes has trouble shaking off the marine layer, a cloudy layer typically higher in the atmosphere than fog, that comes in during those months. Temperatures soar to very high readings only on rare occasions, chiefly when easterly winds bring hot, dry air from the inland deserts (these winds are called "Santa Anas"). The Santa Ana winds are strong extremely dry offshore Winds that characteristically sweep through in Southern California and northern Baja California in The record highest temperature at the airport is 111°F (44°C) on September 26, 1963, and the record lowest temperature is 29°F (-2°C) on January 4, 1949. ^[4] The National Weather Service reports that San Diego's all-time lowest temperature was 25°F (-4°C) on January 7, 1913. ^[5] The National Climatic Center says that temperatures exceed 90°F (32°C) on an average of 3. 5 days annually and 100°F on only . 2 day annually. ^[6]

La Jolla Cove Sunset

The average annual precipitation is less than 12 inches (300 mm), resulting in a borderline arid climate. The Millimetre ( American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to Rainfall is strongly concentrated in the cooler half of the year, particularly the months December through March, although precipitation is lower than any other part of the U. S. west coast. The summer months are virtually rainless. Rainfall is highly variable from year to year and from month to month, and San Diego is subject to both droughts and floods. Thunderstorms are very rare. National Weather Service research has found documentation of a hurricane which hit San Diego on October 2, 1858, the only hurricane in history to reach California. ^[7] There is even greater documentation of a tropical storm which affected much of the southern California coast in September 1939. ^[8] The greatest 24-hour rainfall at the airport was 2. 71 inches on February 6, 1937, and the greatest monthly rainfall was 9. 09 inches in January 1993. ^[9] Measurable snowfall has never occurred in downtown San Diego; snow flurries were reported at the airport in January 1949 and January 1979. Light amounts of snow have occurred in higher locations within the city limits, according to the National Weather Service's climatological summary. The National Weather Service ( NWS) once known as the Weather Bureau is one of the six scientific agencies that make up the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Climate in the San Diego area often varies dramatically over short geographical distances, due to the city's topography (the Bay, and the numerous hills, mountains, and canyons): frequently, particularly during the "May gray / June gloom" period, a thick "marine layer" cloud cover will keep the air cool and damp within a few miles of the coast, but will yield to bright cloudless sunshine between about 5 and 15 miles (24 km) inland—the cities of El Cajon and Santee for example, rarely experience the cloud cover. A cloud is a visible mass of droplets or frozen crystals floating in the atmosphere above the surface of the Earth or another Planetary body El Cajon (ɛlkəˈhoʊn Spanish elkaˈxon is a city in San Diego County, California, United States. Santee is a city in San Diego County, California, United States. This phenomenon is known as microclimate. A microclimate is a local atmospheric zone where the Climate differs from the surrounding area

Communities and neighborhoods

See also: Urban Communities of San Diego and Urban Communities of San Diego County

Old Town, San Diego. Many of the urban cities and communities of San Diego County area located on the south of Interstate 8.

Northern: Bay Ho, Bay Park, Carmel Valley, Clairemont Mesa East, Clairemont Mesa West, Del Mar Mesa, La Jolla, La Jolla Village, Mission Beach, Mission Bay Park, North City, North Clairemont, Pacific Beach, Pacific Highlands Ranch, Torrey Hills, Torrey Pines, University City

Northeastern: Black Mountain Ranch, Carmel Mountain Ranch, Miramar, Miramar Ranch North, Mira Mesa, Rancho Bernardo, Rancho Encantada, Rancho Peñasquitos, Sabre Springs, San Pasqual Valley, Scripps Ranch, Sorrento Valley, Torrey Highlands

Eastern: Allied Gardens, Birdland, Del Cerro, Grantville, Kearny Mesa, Lake Murray, Mission Valley East, San Carlos, Serra Mesa, Tierrasanta

Western: Burlingame, Hillcrest, La Playa, Linda Vista, Loma Portal, Midtown, Midway District, Mission Hills, Mission Valley West, Morena, North Park, Ocean Beach, Old Town, Point Loma Heights, Roseville-Fleetridge, Sunset Cliffs, University Heights, Wooded Area

Central: Balboa Park, Bankers Hill, Barrio Logan, City Heights, Downtown (Columbia, Core, Cortez Hill, East Village, Gaslamp Quarter, Horton, Little Italy, Marina), Golden Hill, Grant Hill, Logan Heights, Memorial, Middletown, Sherman Heights, South Park, Stockton

Mid-City: City Heights (comprising Azalea Park, Bayridge, Hollywood Park, Castle, Cherokee Point, Chollas Creek, Colina Del Sol, Corridor, Fairmount, Fox Canyon, Islenair, Ridgeview/Webster Rolando, Swan Canyon, Teralta East, Teralta West), College East, College West, Darnall, El Cerrito, Gateway, Kensington, Normal Heights, Oak Park, Talmadge

Southeastern: Alta Vista, Bay Terrace, Broadway Heights, Chollas View, Emerald Hills, Encanto, Jamacha-Lomita, Lincoln Park, Mountain View, Mt. Hope, Paradise Hills, Shelltown, Skyline, Southcrest, Valencia Park

Southern: Egger Highlands, Nestor, Ocean Crest, Otay Mesa, Otay Mesa West, Palm City, San Ysidro, Tijuana River Valley

Demographics

As of the census^[11] of 2000, there were 1,223,400 people, 450,691 households, and 271,315 families residing in the city. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 3,771. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 9 people per square mile (1,456. 4/km²).

Population by race/ethnicity (Census 2000 def. ). ^[12]

• White alone (49. 36%)
• Hispanic/Latino (25. 4%) - includes White Hispanic (11%)
• non-Hispanic Black (7. This article concerns itself with Americans whose race is white and whose ethnicity is Hispanic or Latino; i 5%)
• non-Hispanic Other Race alone (0. 2%)
• non-Hispanic Asian, Hawaiian and Pacific Islander alone (13. 9%)
• non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native alone (0. 4%)
• non-Hispanic Multiracial (3. 3%)

There were 451,126 households out of which 30. 2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44. 6% were married couples living together, 11. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39. 8% were non-families. 28. 0% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 61 and the average family size was 3. 30.

In the city the population was spread out with 24. 0% under the age of 18, 12. 4% from 18 to 24, 34. 0% from 25 to 44, 19. 1% from 45 to 64, and 10. 5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 101. 7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100. 4 males.

Downtown San Diego

The median income for a household in the city was $45,733, and the median income for a family was $53,060. Downtown San Diego (also referred to as Centre City) is the city center of San Diego, California, U The median household income is commonly used to provide data about geographic areas and divides households into two equal segments with the first half of Households earning less Males had a median income of $36,984 versus $31,076 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,609. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 10. 6% of families and 14. 6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 0% of those under age 18 and 7. 6% of those age 65 or over.

Current estimates

The San Diego Association of Governments estimated the median household income and population as of January 1, 2006, had increased from the year 2000. The San Diego Association of Governments (abbreviated SANDAG) is an association of local San Diego County governments The population of San Diego was estimated to be 1,311,162, up 7. 2% from 2000, and median household income was estimated to be $47,816 (when adjusted for inflation in 1999 dollars), up 5. 9% from 2000. ^[13]According to the U. S. Census 2004 American Community Survey, San Diego city had the fifth largest median household income of places with a population of 250,000 or more. The American Community Survey (ACS is a project of the US Census Bureau that replaces the long form in the decennial Census. ^[14]

The population as of January 2007 was above 1. 3 million.

San Diego has the lowest percentage of Hispanics for any city adjacent to the United States-Mexico border. ^[13][15]

Crime

San Diego has had a declining crime rate since the early 1990s, where the city had averaged 139 murders (or 12. In the sociological field, crime is the breach of a rule or Law for which some governing authority or force may ultimately prescribe a Punishment 2 murders per 100,000 residents) from 1990 to 1994. ^[16][17][18] In 2004, San Diego had the sixth lowest crime rate of any U. S. city with over half a million residents. ^[18] In 2005, San Diego had 4. 2 murders per 100,000 (national average of 5. 9) and was the lowest U. S. city over one million residents. ^[19] From 2002 to 2006, violent crime decreased 12. A violent crime or crime of violence is a Crime in which the offender uses or threatens to use violent force upon the victim 4% while overall crime decreased 0. 8% partly due to a 1. 1% increase in property crime. ^[20]

In the year 2004, all violent crimes, which includes murders, rapes, robberies, and aggravated assaults, were lower than the national average. ^[21] Total property crimes were lower than the national average. However, while burglaries and larceny/thefts were lower than the national average, vehicle thefts were twice as high as the national average.

Economy

Downtown San Diego at night.

The Coronado Bridge at night. The San Diego-Coronado Bridge, locally referred to as the Coronado Bridge, is a " Prestressed concrete / Steel " Girder bridge, crossing The bridge was built high enough to allow ships to navigate under.

San Diego Marriott Hotel and Marina.

Star of the Sea restaurant

See also: List of companies headquartered in San Diego, California

The three largest sectors of San Diego's economy are defense, manufacturing, and tourism respectively. READ BEFORE CONTRIBUTING******** If companies do not have a Wikipedia article ^[22]

Several areas of San Diego (in particular La Jolla and surrounding Sorrento Valley areas) are home to offices and research facilities for numerous biotechnology companies. La Jolla (ləˈhɔɪə "luh-HOY-uh") is a wealthy Seaside resort community of up to 42808 residents within the city of San Diego, California Sorrento Valley is a neighborhood of San Diego California, USA. Major biotechnology companies like Neurocrine Biosciences and Nventa Biopharmaceuticals are headquartered in San Diego, while many biotech and pharmaceutical companies, such as BD Biosciences, Biogen Idec, Integrated DNA Technologies, Merck, Pfizer, Élan, Genzyme, Cytovance, Celgene and Vertex, have offices or research facilities in San Diego. Neurocrine Biosciences is a biopharmaceutical company founded in 1992 and located in San Diego, California. Becton Dickinson and Company (BD ( is a medical technology company that manufactures and sells medical devices instrument systems and reagents Biogen Idec Inc ( is a Biotechnology company specializing in drugs for neurological disorders, Autoimmune disorders and Cancer. Merck & Co Inc ( also known as Merck Sharp & Dohme or MSD outside the USA and Canada, is one of the largest Pharmaceutical companies Pfizer Incorporated ( is a major Pharmaceutical company, which ranks number one in the world in sales Élan Corporation plc () is a major drugs firm based in Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland which has major interests in the United States. There are also several non-profit biotech institutes, such as the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, the Scripps Research Institute and the Burnham Institute. A non-profit organization ( abbreviated "NPO" also "not-for-profit" is a legally constituted Organization whose objective is to support or engage Salk Institute2jpg|thumb|right|200px|Salk Institute]]The Salk Institute for Biological Studies is an independent non-profit scientific research institute located in La Jolla California The Scripps Research Institute ( TSRI) is a Medical research facility that focuses on research in the basic Biomedical sciences Primarily located The presence of University of California, San Diego and other research institutions helped fuel biotechnology growth. The University of California San Diego (popularly known as UC San Diego or UCSD) is a public Research university in San Diego, California In June 2004, San Diego was ranked the top biotech cluster in the U. S. by the Milken Institute. ^[23]

San Diego is home to companies that develop wireless cellular technology. Qualcomm Incorporated was founded and is headquartered in San Diego; Qualcomm is the largest private-sector technology employer (excluding hospitals) in San Diego County. Qualcomm ( is a wireless telecommunications research and development company based in San Diego California ^[24] The largest software company in San Diego (according to the San Diego Business Journal) is security software company Websense Inc. Websense' is a San Diego California -based company which produces Web security gateway software including Web filtering also known as Internet Content-control ^[25]

The economy of San Diego is influenced by its port, which includes the only major submarine and shipbuilding yards on the West Coast, as well as the largest naval fleet in the world. History The San Diego Unified Port District was created in 1962 after the California State legislature passed Senate Bill 41 and the San Diego County Board of The cruise ship industry, which is the second largest in California, generates an estimated $2 million annually from the purchase of food, fuel, supplies, and maintenance services. ^[26]

Due to San Diego's military influence, major national defense contractors, such as General Atomics and Science Applications International Corporation are headquartered in San Diego. General Atomics is a nuclear physics and Defense contractor headquartered in San Diego California. Science Applications International Corporation ( SAIC) is a FORTUNE 500 scientific engineering and technology applications company in the United States with

Tourism is also a major industry owing to the city's climate. Major tourist destinations include Balboa Park, the San Diego Zoo, Seaworld, nearby Wild Animal Park and Legoland, the city's beaches and golf tournaments like the Buick Invitational. Balboa Park is a 1200 acre (49 km² urban cultural park in San Diego California, United States named after the Spanish explorer Vasco The San Diego Zoo in Balboa Park, San Diego, California is one of the largest most progressive Zoos in the world with over 4000 animals History Milton C Shedd, Ken Norris, David Demott, and George Millay brought SeaWorld to life yet that was not the initial idea The San Diego Zoo's Wild Animal Park is a Zoo in the San Pasqual Valley area of San Diego California. Legoland is a chain of Lego themed Theme parks Legoland Billund ( Billund Denmark) Legoland Windsor ( Beaches in San Diego California, USA (North to South Torrey Pines State Beach Black's Beach La Jolla Shores The Buick Invitational, is a PGA Tour professional Golf tournament played in the San Diego California area in the early part of the Tour season known

Real estate

Prior to 2006, San Diego experienced a dramatic growth of real estate prices, to the extent that the situation was sometimes described as a "housing affordability crisis". Median house prices more than tripled between 1998 and 2007. According to the California Association of Realtors,^[27] in May 2007, a median house in San Diego cost $612,370. Growth of real estate prices has not been accompanied by comparable growth of household incomes: housing affordability index (percentage of households that can afford to buy a median-priced house) fell below 20% in early 2000s. San Diego metropolitan area had the second worst median multiple (ratio of median house price to median household income) of all metropolitan areas in the United States. As a consequence, San Diego had experienced negative net migration since 2004, with significant numbers of people moving to Baja California and Riverside county, with many residents commuting daily from Tijuana, Temecula, and Murrieta, to their jobs in San Diego. Baja California (pronounced ˈbɑːhɑː kælɨˈfɔrnjə in English is the northernmost state of Mexico. Riverside County is a County located in the southeastern part of the U Tijuana (ˌtiːəˈwɑːnə Spanish, ti'xwana|ti'ʍana is the largest city of the Mexican state of Baja California, situated on the U Temecula is a city in southwestern Riverside County, California, United States. Murrieta is a city in southwestern Riverside County, California, United States. Others are leaving the state altogether and moving to more affordable regions. ^[28]

From 2005 to 2007, San Diego experienced a greater than 15% decline in real estate prices, which continued to accelerate into 2008. The two-year drop already experienced is worse than the four-year period between June, 1992, and November, 1996, when the region experienced an 11. 8% decline in housing prices. ^[29] Much of this is blamed on the speculative attitude of investors in the early 2000s, who bought much of the available real estate, hoping to "flip" it for a large profit shortly thereafter, and the availability of "stated income" and other "exotic" loans available. When the decline hit, and adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) adjusted, many investors simply abandoned their properties, and areas that recently experienced double-digit annual increases in property value, such as San Diego, Los Angeles, Miami and Las Vegas are being hit the hardest. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Las Vegas ( Spanish: "The Meadows" is the most populous City in the state of Nevada, the seat of Clark County, and an internationally ^[30]

In the first quarter of 2008, the number of foreclosures repossessed by banks exceeded the number of home sales. Foreclosure is the legal proceeding in which a mortgagee, or other Lienholder, usually a lender obtains a court ordered termination of a mortgagor ^[31]

Education

Libraries

The San Diego Public Library, headquartered downtown, has 34 branches throughout the city. This library serves the city of San Diego For the library serving the county, see San Diego County Library. ^[32] The San Diego libraries have had reduced operating hours since 2003 due to the city's lack of finances. In 2006 the city increased spending on libraries by $2. 1 million. ^[33]

Primary and secondary schools

Main article: Primary and secondary schools in San Diego, California

The San Diego Unified School District, also known as San Diego City Schools, is the school district that serves the majority of the city, it includes 113 elementary schools, 23 middle schools, 4 atypical schools, 10 alternative schools, 27 high schools and 25 charter schools. This is a list of primary and secondary schools in San Diego, California, organized by school district San Diego City Schools, also known as the San Diego Unified School District is the School district of San Diego California. School districts are a form of Special-purpose district which serves to operate the local public primary and secondary schools See also Primary education An elementary school is an institution where children receive the first stage of Compulsory education known as elementary Middle school or Junior High School serves as a "bridge" between the Elementary School and the High School High school is the name used in some parts of the world (in particular Scotland, North America and Australia) to describe an institution Charter schools are elementary or secondary schools in the United States that receive public money but In the northern part of the county, Poway Unified School District and San Dieguito Union High School District are districts outside city limits, but serve several schools within city limits. Poway Unified School District is a School district located in Poway California. San Dieguito Union High School District is a School district in San Diego California serving students in the cities of Encinitas, Solana Beach In the southern part of the county, Sweetwater Union High School District serves multiple schools within city limits, although it is headquartered outside city limits. The Sweetwater Union High School District is a School district located in San Diego County California that serves adults and high school-aged students in the communities

San Ysidro School District (K-8) serves areas of San Diego also served by Sweet Water Union High School District. Del Mar Union Elementary School District and Solana Beach Elementary School District serve areas of San Diego also within San Dieguito.

Colleges and universities

San Diego State University's Hepner Hall

University of California, San Diego's iconic Geisel Library

According to education rankings released by the U.S. Census Bureau, 40. History Established on March 13 1897 San Diego State University first began as the San Diego Normal School intended to educate local future female elementary school teachers The University of California San Diego (popularly known as UC San Diego or UCSD) is a public Research university in San Diego, California This entry is about the library at the University of California San Diego The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 4 percent of San Diegans ages 25 and older hold bachelor's degrees. A bachelor's degree is usually an Undergraduate Academic degree awarded for a course or major that generally lasts for three four or in some cases and The census ranks the city as the ninth most educated city in the United States based on these figures. ^[34]

Public colleges and universities in the city include University of California, San Diego (UCSD), San Diego State University (SDSU), and the San Diego Community College District, which includes San Diego City College, San Diego Mesa College, and San Diego Miramar College. The University of California San Diego (popularly known as UC San Diego or UCSD) is a public Research university in San Diego, California History Established on March 13 1897 San Diego State University first began as the San Diego Normal School intended to educate local future female elementary school teachers The San Diego Community College District (SDCCD consists of the campuses of San Diego City College, San Diego Mesa College, and San Diego Miramar College San Diego City College (known more informally as City College or City) is a public two-year community college located in San Diego, California San Diego Mesa College is a public two-year Community college perched on a Mesa in the Kearny Mesa neighborhood of San Diego, California San Diego Miramar College (known more informally as Miramar) is two-year community college located in San Diego CA USA

Private colleges and universities in the city include Alliant International University (AIU), Design Institute of San Diego (DISD), John Paul the Great Catholic University, National University, NewSchool of Architecture and Design, Pacific Oaks College, The Art Institute of California, San Diego, Point Loma Nazarene University (PLNU), San Diego Christian College, Woodbury University School of Architecture's satellite campus, and University of San Diego (USD) . History Alliant International University is an independent not-for-profit university formed in July 2001 as a result of a merger between California School of Professional John Paul the Great Catholic University is located in San Diego California. A national university is a University created or run by a national government and may not be autonomous from Government interference NewSchool of Architecture and Design is an educational institution located in downtown San Diego. Pacific Oaks College is located in Pasadena California, United States. Point Loma Nazarene University (PLNU is a private Evangelical Christian Liberal arts college located in San Diego, California, on the San Diego Christian College (SDCC is a conservative Christian college located in El Cajon, California. The University of San Diego is a Roman Catholic University in San Diego, California.

There is one medical school in the city, the UCSD School of Medicine. There are three ABA accredited law schools in the city, which include California Western School of Law, Thomas Jefferson School of Law, and University of San Diego School of Law. The American Bar Association ( ABA) founded August 21 1878 is a voluntary Bar association of Lawyers and law students which is not specific Founded in 1924 California Western School of Law (popularly known as California Western or Cal Western) is a private non-profit Law school located The Thomas Jefferson School of Law, commonly referred to as TJSL, is a Law school in San Diego California. The University of San Diego School of Law, commonly referred to as USD Law, is a Law school in San Diego California. There is also one unaccredited law school, Western Sierra Law School. Western Sierra Law School is a private independent and non-sectarian postsecondary degree granting institution located in the city of San Diego California.

Politics

Prior to 2000, San Diego voted Republican. However, since 2000, San Diego has voted Democratic in presidential elections. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. In August 2007, registered Democrats outnumber Republicans by about 7 to 6. ^[35] Despite the edge in voter registration for Democrats, the current mayor, Jerry Sanders, is a Republican. Gerald Robert "Jerry" Sanders (born July 14, 1950) is a Republican Politician, Mayor of San Diego, California San Diego has not elected a Democratic mayor since 1988. Democrats hold a 5-3 majority in the city council, including the current Council President, Scott Peters, a Democrat who often sides with the mayor. Scott Peters is a politician representing San Diego City Council District 1 55% of the city of San Diego voted for Democrat John Kerry in the 2004 presidential election. } John Forbes Kerry (born December 11 1943 is an American Politician who is currently serving his fourth term as the junior United States Senator ^[36]

On September 18, 2007, the City Council with support from Mayor Sanders, voted 5-3 to endorse a pending lawsuit before the California Supreme Court to overturn Proposition 22, which banned same-sex marriage in California. Events 96 - Nerva is proclaimed Roman Emperor after Domitian is assassinated Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Supreme Court of California is the State supreme court in California. For eight years California’s 2000 ballot initiative Proposition 22 (or Prop 22) prevented California from recognizing Same-sex marriages Voters Same-sex marriage in the United States - editing that article for size and clarity Proposition 22 was supported by 62 percent of San Diego voters. ^[37]

State and Federal

In the state legislature San Diego is located in the 36th, 38th, 39th and 40th Senate District, represented by Republicans Dennis Hollingsworth and Mark Wyland, and Democrats Christine Kehoe and Denise Moreno Ducheny. The California State Legislature is the state legislature of the U The California State Senate is the upper house of the California State Legislature. Dennis Clark Hollingsworth (born January 12 1967 in Hemet California) is a Republican Mark Bryan Wyland (born October 27, 1946 in Escondido California) is a U The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Christine T Kehoe (born October 3 1950) is an American politician from San Diego California. Denise Moreno Ducheny (born March 21 1952) is a California State Senator who represents Senate District , and in the 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th and 79th Assembly District, represented by Republicans Martin Garrick and George A. Plescia, Democrat Lori Saldaña, Republicans Joel Anderson and Shirley Horton and Democrat Mary Salas. The California State Assembly is the Lower house of the California State Legislature. Martin Garrick (born 1953 represents the 74th district in the California State Assembly. George Andrew Plescia (pronounced "plesha" (born August 19 1966) is a U Lori R Saldaña ( November 7, 1958 &ndash is a Democratic member of the California State Assembly Joel Anderson is a California politician He is currently a member of the California Assembly. Shirley Horton (c 1953&ndash is a US politician currently serving as a Republican Member of the California State Assembly. Mary Salas is a California politician She is currently the California Assemblymember who represents the 79th Assembly Federally, San Diego is located in California's 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, and 53rd congressional districts, which have Cook PVIs of R +10, R +5, D +7, R +9, and D +12 respectively^[38] and are represented by Republicans Darrell Issa. California's 49th congressional district is a Congressional District that currently covers much of Northern San Diego County and southwestern California's 50th congressional district represents a part of north coastal San Diego County. California's 51st congressional district is currently represented in the United States House of Representatives by Democrat Bob Filner. California's 52nd congressional district covers part of San Diego county California's 53rd congressional district is one of 53 California Congressional Districts It includes the heart of San Diego and stretches south to the United The Cook Partisan Voting Index ( CPVI) sometimes referred to as simply the Partisan Voting Index ( PVI) is a measurement of how strongly an American Darrell E Issa (pronounced Eye -suh (born November 1, 1953) is an American politician and formerly a CEO of a Consumer electronics and Brian Bilbray, Democrat Bob Filner, Republican Duncan Hunter, and Democrat Susan Davis. Brian Phillip Bilbray (born January 28, 1951) is a US Republican Politician, who is a member of the United States House Robert "Bob" Filner (born September 4, 1942) is an American Democratic politician who represents California's 51st Congressional Duncan Lee Hunter (born May 31, 1948) is an American politician Susan Davis may refer to Susan A Davis, US Congresswoman Susan Davis (BRAC USA, President & CEO of BRAC USA respectively.

Culture

Main article: Culture of San Diego, California

See also: List of museums in San Diego, California

The Museum of Man is one of several museums in Balboa Park. The culture of San Diego California, is influenced heavily by American and Mexican Cultures due to its position as a Border town. List of Museums in San Diego Centro Cultural de la Raza * Flying Leatherneck Aviation Museum Maritime Museum of

Tijuana Border^[39]

Many popular museums, such as the San Diego Museum of Art, the San Diego Natural History Museum, the San Diego Museum of Man, and the Museum of Photographic Arts are located Balboa Park. A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the The San Diego Museum of Art opened as the Museum of Fine Arts on February 28, 1926. The San Diego Museum of Man is a Museum of Anthropology located in Balboa Park, San Diego California. Balboa Park is a 1200 acre (49 km² urban cultural park in San Diego California, United States named after the Spanish explorer Vasco The Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego (MCASD) is located in an ocean front building in La Jolla and has a branch located at the Santa Fe Depot downtown. The Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego (or MCASD) is an Art museum focused on the collection preservation exhibition and interpretation of works of art from La Jolla (ləˈhɔɪə "luh-HOY-uh") is a wealthy Seaside resort community of up to 42808 residents within the city of San Diego, California Union Station in San Diego California, is a Train station built by the Atchison Topeka and Santa Fe Railway to replace the existing Victorian Downtown San Diego (also referred to as Centre City) is the city center of San Diego, California, U The Colombia district downtown is home to historic ship exhibits as well as the San Diego Aircraft Carrier Museum featuring the USS Midway aircraft carrier. Columbia is a neighborhood located in Downtown San Diego, California. The San Diego Aircraft Carrier Museum is a Maritime museum located in downtown San Diego, California at Navy Pier USS Midway may refer to, was the Oritani and then the Tyree before being chartered as a general auxiliary in 1942 renamed to Panay

San Diego has a growing art scene. "Kettner Nights" at the Art and Design District in Little Italy has art and design exhibitions throughout many retail design stores and galleries on selected Friday nights. Little Italy is a Neighborhood in Downtown San Diego, California that was originally a predominately Italian fishing neighborhood "Ray at Night" at North Park host a variety of small scale art galleries on the second Saturday evening of each month. North Park is a neighborhood in San Diego, California, USA. It is situated to the northeast of Balboa Park, bounded on the north by El Cajon La Jolla and nearby Solana Beach also have a variety of art galleries. La Jolla (ləˈhɔɪə "luh-HOY-uh") is a wealthy Seaside resort community of up to 42808 residents within the city of San Diego, California Solana Beach is a city in San Diego County, California, United States.

The San Diego Symphony at Symphony Towers performs on a regular basis and is directed by Jahja Ling. The San Diego Symphony is an American symphony orchestra based in San Diego, California. Jahja Ling ( Chinese 林望傑 born in Jakarta Indonesia; Oct The San Diego Opera at Civic Center Plaza was ranked by Opera America as one of the top 10 opera companies in the United States. The San Diego Opera Association (SDO is a professional Opera company located in the city of San Diego, California and is a member of OPERA America Opera America, officially OPERA America, is a service organization in North America promoting the creation presentation and enjoyment of Opera. Old Globe Theatre at Balboa Park produces about 15 plays and musicals annually. The Old Globe Theatre, located in San Diego, California, produces about 15 plays and Musicals annually including Shakespeare, in summer and The La Jolla Playhouse at UCSD is directed by Christopher Ashley. La Jolla Playhouse is a not-for-profit professional theatre-in-residence on the campus of the University of California San Diego. The University of California San Diego (popularly known as UC San Diego or UCSD) is a public Research university in San Diego, California The Joan B. Kroc Theatre at Kroc Center's Performing Arts Centeris is a 600-seat state-of-the-art theatre that hosts music, dance and theatre performances. The San Diego Repertory Theatre at the Lyceum Theatres in Horton Plaza produces a variety of plays and musicals. The San Diego Repertory Theatre was developed out of Indian Magique a Street theater group of extraordinarily talented actors/writers/directors/producers who were fellow theatre Horton Plaza is a 5 level outdoor Shopping mall located in downtown San Diego and remarkable for its bright colors architectural tricks and odd spatial rhythms Serving the northeastern part of San Diego is the California Center for the Arts in Escondido, a 400-seat performing arts theater.

Tourism has affected the city's culture, as San Diego houses many tourist attractions, such as SeaWorld San Diego, Belmont amusement park, San Diego Zoo, San Diego Wild Animal Park, and nearby Legoland. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel SeaWorld San Diego is a theme park located in San Diego California. Belmont Park is a historic Theme park located in the Mission Bay area of San Diego California. The San Diego Zoo in Balboa Park, San Diego, California is one of the largest most progressive Zoos in the world with over 4000 animals The San Diego Zoo's Wild Animal Park is a Zoo in the San Pasqual Valley area of San Diego California. Legoland is a chain of Lego themed Theme parks Legoland Billund ( Billund Denmark) Legoland Windsor ( San Diego's Spanish influence can be seen in the many historic sites across the city, such as the Spanish missions and Balboa Park. The Spanish Empire (Imperio Español was one of the largest Empires in history and one of the first Global empires In the 15th and 16th centuries The Spanish missions in California comprise a series of Religious outposts established by Spanish Catholics of the Franciscan Order between Balboa Park is a 1200 acre (49 km² urban cultural park in San Diego California, United States named after the Spanish explorer Vasco Cuisine in San Diego is diverse, and there is an abundance of wood fired California-style pizzas, and Mexican and East Asian cuisine. Mexican food is a style of food that originated in Mexico. Mexican cuisine is known for its intense and varied flavors colorful decoration and variety of spices Annual events in San Diego include Comic-Con, San Diego/Del Mar Fair, and Street Scene Music Festival. Comic-Con International San Diego, commonly known as Comic-Con or the San Diego Comic-Con, is an annual multigenre Fan convention founded as the Golden This article is about Street Scene (San Diego for other meanings see Street Scene (disambiguation.

San Diego has a large gay population and gay culture. The annual Gay Pride Parade usually draws crowds in excess of 100,000 people. According to U.S. Census data from the year 2000, San Diego had a gay index of 186 (gay male index of 226 and a lesbian index of 144); the national average gay index is 100. The United States Census is a decennial Census mandated by the United States Constitution. ^[40] San Diego has the highest gay index in Southern California, surpassing Los Angeles (168). ^[41] Most of the gay community, including the LGBT center and every gay bar, in San Diego is located in Hillcrest and surrounding neighborhoods of University Heights and North Park. LGBT (also GLBT) is an initialism referring collectively to Lesbian, Gay, bisexual, and Transgender / transsexual gay bar (also known as a boy bar if the clientele is predominantly male or conversely a girl bar) is a drinking establishment that caters exclusively Hillcrest is a neighborhood in San Diego northwest of Balboa Park. University Heights is a neighborhood in Central San Diego centered around Park Boulevard and Adams Avenue North Park is a neighborhood in San Diego, California, USA. It is situated to the northeast of Balboa Park, bounded on the north by El Cajon

San Diego Board Culture

A surfer at Black's Beach. Black's Beach is a beach in La Jolla San Diego California. Portions of the beach lie under city property and other parts lie in the zone of a State park

San Diego has always been a hotbed for surf and skateboard culture. Headquartered here are some of the industry's biggest names including Sector 9 Skateboards, TransWorld Media, and Rusty Surfboards. Some very well known surf spots include Swamis, Black's Beach,and Windansea. Swamis is a Surfing spot located in Encinitas California. Swamis is named after the Self-Realization Fellowship, built for Swami Black's Beach is a beach in La Jolla San Diego California. Portions of the beach lie under city property and other parts lie in the zone of a State park Windansea Beach encompasses a historic stretch of scenic coastline located in La Jolla, a community in San Diego California. The region even has its own chain of surf shops, Sun Diego. Pro surfers Rob Machado and Taylor Knox, pro skateboarder Tony Hawk, and pro snowboarder Shaun White call the San Diego area their home. Robert Edward Machado (better known simply as Rob Machado) (b Anthony Frank Hawk (born May 12, 1968) is an American professional Skateboarder He is credited with being the first recorded skater to land the Shaun Roger White (born September 3, 1986 in Carlsbad, California) is an American athlete

Sports

San Diego has several sports venues: Qualcomm Stadium is the home of the NFL San Diego Chargers, NCAA Division I San Diego State Aztecs, as well as local high school football championships. The San Diego Padres are a Major League Baseball team based in San Diego California since their founding in 1969 Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each PETCO Park is an open-air Stadium in downtown San Diego, California. The San Diego Chargers are a professional American football team based in San Diego California. American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with Note There were three earlier and unrelated major American professional football leagues of the same name One in 1926, one in 1936-1937 and one in 1940-1941 The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. Qualcomm Stadium (aka " The Q " " The Murph " formerly known as San Diego Stadium and Jack Murphy Stadium Old Mission Beach Athletic Club Rugby Football Club is a SuperLeague Rugby union team based in San Diego California. Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short The Rugby Super League, usually referred to as simply the Super League and for sponsorship reasons the Michelob Super League, is a national Rugby union Qualcomm Stadium (aka " The Q " " The Murph " formerly known as San Diego Stadium and Jack Murphy Stadium San Diego Pumitas were an American Soccer team founded in 1999, who competed in the National Premier Soccer League (NPSL the fourth tier of the Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered 2008 Teams Eastern Conference North Division Boston Aztec Maine Sting new for 2008 Balboa Stadium is located in San Diego California and was built in 1914 as part of the many buildings erected for the 1915 Panama-California Exposition located The San Diego Women's Football Club SeaLions are a Women's Premier Soccer League franchise based in the San Diego metropolitan area Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Cathedral Catholic High School (CCHS is a Coeducational Catholic High School in San Diego California. The San Diego Wildcats are a professional basketball team based in San Diego California Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m A Kroc Center (formally known as a Ray and Joan Kroc Corps Community Center) is one of many community centers run by the Salvation Army. Qualcomm Stadium (aka " The Q " " The Murph " formerly known as San Diego Stadium and Jack Murphy Stadium The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. The San Diego Chargers are a professional American football team based in San Diego California. Division I (or D-I) is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States The San Diego State Aztecs are the collegiate athletics and sports teams for San Diego State University (SDSU. High school football is one of most popular interscholastic sports at High schools in the United States and the second most popular in Canada. Qualcomm Stadium also hosts international soccer games, Supercross events and formerly hosted Major League Baseball. Qualcomm Stadium (aka " The Q " " The Murph " formerly known as San Diego Stadium and Jack Murphy Stadium Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Supercross is a cycle racing sport involving Racing specialized high performance off-road Motorcycles on an artificially made dirt tracks consisting of steep jumps Three NFL Super Bowl championships and many college football bowl games have been held there. The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. professional American football, the Super Bowl is the Championship game of the National Football League (NFL College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, Colleges and military academies In the United States, a bowl game is traditionally a post-season College football game however the term "bowl" has become synonymous with a major American Balboa Stadium is the city's first stadium, constructed in 1914, and former home of the San Diego Chargers. Balboa Stadium is located in San Diego California and was built in 1914 as part of the many buildings erected for the 1915 Panama-California Exposition located The San Diego Chargers are a professional American football team based in San Diego California. Currently Balboa Stadium hosts soccer, American football and track and field. Balboa Stadium is located in San Diego California and was built in 1914 as part of the many buildings erected for the 1915 Panama-California Exposition located Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with

PETCO Park

PETCO Park in downtown San Diego is the home of Major League Baseball's San Diego Padres. PETCO Park is an open-air Stadium in downtown San Diego, California. PETCO Park is an open-air Stadium in downtown San Diego, California. The San Diego Padres are a Major League Baseball team based in San Diego California since their founding in 1969 The ballpark is also the current home of the semi-final and final games of the World Baseball Classic series, having hosted the inaugural series championship games in 2006. The World Baseball Classic, sometimes abbreviated WBC, is an international Baseball tournament first held in March 2006. The 2006 World Baseball Classic was the inaugural tournament between national baseball teams that included players from PETCO Park will be the home to the 2009 World Baseball Classic semi-finals and final as well. The 2009 World Baseball Classic will be an International Baseball competition Other than baseball, PETCO Park hosts other occasional soccer and rugby events. The San Diego Sports Arena hosts basketball, and has also hosted ice hockey, indoor soccer and boxing. The San Diego Sports Arena (formerly iPayOne Center) is an indoor arena located on Sports Arena Blvd in Point Loma, San Diego California off Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. This article is primarily regarding indoor soccer as played in North America Boxing (sometimes also known as English boxing or pugilism) is a Combat sport in which two participants generally of similar weight, Cox Arena at Aztec Bowl on the campus of San Diego State University hosts the NCAA Division I San Diego State Aztecs men's and women's basketball games. Cox Arena, located on the San Diego State University (SDSU campus in San Diego California, USA, is the home of the SDSU Aztecs men's and History Established on March 13 1897 San Diego State University first began as the San Diego Normal School intended to educate local future female elementary school teachers Division I (or D-I) is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States The San Diego State Aztecs are the collegiate athletics and sports teams for San Diego State University (SDSU. College basketball most often refers to the American Basketball competitive governance structure established by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA Torero Stadium at the University of San Diego hosts college football and soccer, and the Jenny Craig Pavilion at USD hosts basketball and volleyball. The Torero Stadium is a 6000 seat Stadium in San Diego California that is primarily used for Soccer and American football. The University of San Diego is a Roman Catholic University in San Diego, California. College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, Colleges and military academies Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Jenny Craig Pavilion (JCP is a 5100 seat multi-purpose Arena, built in 2000 in San Diego California, on the campus of the University of San Diego The University of San Diego is a Roman Catholic University in San Diego, California. College basketball most often refers to the American Basketball competitive governance structure established by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA Volleyball is an Olympic team sport in which two teams of 6 active players (5 normal players and one 'libero' are separated by a net that is usually four feet

The San Diego State Aztecs (MWC) and the San Diego Toreros (WCC) are NCAA Division I teams. The San Diego State Aztecs are the collegiate athletics and sports teams for San Diego State University (SDSU. The Mountain West Conference (or MWC) the youngest of the College athletic conferences affiliated with the NCAA ’s Division I FBS (I-A officially The University of San Diego is a Roman Catholic University in San Diego, California. Current members Former members University of the Pacific (1952-1971 San Jose State University (1952-1969 Division I (or D-I) is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States The UCSD Tritons (CCAA) are members of NCAA Division II while the Point Loma Nazarene Sea Lions (GSAC) are members of the NAIA. The University of California San Diego (popularly known as UC San Diego or UCSD) is a public Research university in San Diego, California Division II (or DII) is an intermediate-level division of competition in the National Collegiate Athletic Association. Point Loma Nazarene University (PLNU is a private Evangelical Christian Liberal arts college located in San Diego, California, on the The Golden State Athletic Conference is a college athletics conference in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA The National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics ( NAIA) seeks to fully integrate life academics sport and fitness into the higher education environment

San Diego has been the home of two NBA franchises, the first of which was called the San Diego Rockets. The Rockets represented the city of San Diego from 1967 until 1971. After the conclusion of the 1970-1971 season, they moved to Texas where they became the Houston Rockets. The Houston Rockets are an American professional Basketball team based in Houston Texas. Seven years later, San Diego received a relocated NBA franchise (the Buffalo Braves), which was renamed the San Diego Clippers. The Clippers played in the San Diego Sports Arena from 1978 until 1984. Prior to the start of the 1984-1985 season, the team was moved to Los Angeles, and is now called the Los Angeles Clippers.

Other sports franchises that represented San Diego include the San Diego Conquistadors of the American Basketball Association, the San Diego Sockers (which played in various indoor and outdoor soccer leagues during their existence), the San Diego Flash and the San Diego Gauchos, both playing in different divisions of the United Soccer League, the San Diego Spirit of the Women's United Soccer Association, the San Diego Mariners of the World Hockey Association, and three different San Diego Gulls ice hockey teams. The San Diego Conquistadors, nicknamed the "Q's" were an American Basketball Association team based in San Diego California. The American Basketball Association ( ABA) was a professional Basketball league founded in 1967, and eventually merged in part with the National This article is about the original San Diego Sockers For the second team to use the name see San Diego Sockers (2001-2004 The San Diego Flash was a professional men's Soccer team based in San Diego California, that played in the A-League between 1998 and 2001 and was founded San Diego Gauchos were an American Soccer team founded in 2002. The United Soccer League was a Professional Soccer league in the United States in the mid-1980s The San Diego Spirit was a professional Soccer team that played in the Women's United Soccer Association. The San Diego Mariners were an Ice hockey team based out of San Diego that played in the World Hockey Association. The World Hockey Association (French Association Mondiale de Hockey) was a professional Ice hockey league that operated in North America from 1972 Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. The San Diego Riptide and the San Diego Shockwave were indoor football teams that played at the Sports Arena and Cox Arena, respectively. The San Diego Riptide is a defunct Arena Football League Af2 team 2007 Season Results The San Diego Sports Arena (formerly iPayOne Center) is an indoor arena located on Sports Arena Blvd in Point Loma, San Diego California off Cox Arena, located on the San Diego State University (SDSU campus in San Diego California, USA, is the home of the SDSU Aztecs men's and San Diego has long been a candidate for a Major League Soccer franchise, especially due to the city recording FIFA World Cup television audiences which are double the national average. Major League Soccer ( MLS) is the top-flight professional Soccer league in the United States and Canada with 14 teams 13 in the U The FIFA World Cup, occasionally called the Football World Cup, but usually referred to simply as the World Cup, is an international Association football Curiously, despite positive language being expressed by the league, the city, the media and the public, a franchise continues to elude San Diego. That looks likely to be finally rectified with San Diego considered among the favourites to land one of three franchises to be offered before 2010. The city does currently have an active mens team playing in the fourth level of American soccer, the San Diego Pumitas but no approaches have been made to turn them into an MLS team as yet. San Diego Pumitas were an American Soccer team founded in 1999, who competed in the National Premier Soccer League (NPSL the fourth tier of the

The annual Rock 'n' Roll Marathon in the city draws 20,000 participants annually. The Rock 'n' Roll Marathon is an annual Marathon foot-race held in San Diego, California, USA.

San Diego also hosts the USA Sevens, an event in the annual IRB Sevens World Series for international teams in rugby sevens, a variant of rugby union with seven players per side instead of 15. The USA Sevens is an annual rugby union sevens tournament held in the United States. Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short The USA Sevens moved from the Los Angeles area to San Diego in 2007. The 2007 Steinlager USA Sevens was a rugby union sevens tournament held on February 10 and February 11, 2007 in the

San Diego has the dubious distinction of being the largest United States city to have not won a Super Bowl, World Series, Stanley Cup, NBA Finals or any other Major League sports championship; this is known as the San Diego Sports Curse. professional American football, the Super Bowl is the Championship game of the National Football League (NFL For other events named "World Series" see World Series (disambiguation. The Stanley Cup (La Coupe Stanley is an Ice hockey club championship Trophy, awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL playoffs champion The NBA Finals is the championship series of the National Basketball Association and the conclusion of the sport's postseason each June The San Diego Sports Curse is a Superstition cited for the city of San Diego 's inability to claim a modern major league sports championship in the United States

Media

See also: List of fiction set in San Diego, California

San Diego is served by The San Diego Daily Transcript, as well as the mainstream daily newspaper, The San Diego Union-Tribune and its online portal, signonsandiego.com, the online newspaper Voiceofsandiego.org, and the alternative newsweeklies, the San Diego CityBeat and San Diego Reader. This is a list of media set in San Diego, California. Novels The Winter of Frankie Machine (novel by Don Winslow The San Diego Union-Tribune is a daily Newspaper published in San Diego California, by the Copley Press. San Diego CityBeat is an alternative weekly newspaper in San Diego California. The San Diego Reader is the largest alternative press paper in the county of San Diego, distributed Gratis in stands and private businesses San Diego Magazineis a city regional magazine publication in the county, covering politics, business, fashion, dining and community events. Another newspaper is the North County Times, which serves San Diego's North County area. The North County Times is a Lee Enterprises local newspaper in north San Diego County California, current publisher Peter York Business publications include San Diego Metropolitan magazine, and the San Diego Business Journal. San Diego also boasts a vibrant progressive and activist community, which can be seen by its open-publishing media outlet called San Diego Indymedia (also know as San Diego Independent Media Center, part of the broader Independent Media Center or Indymedia movement). Progressivism is a term that refers to a broad school of international social and political philosophies. Activism, in a general sense can be described as intentional action to bring about social or political change The Independent Media Center (aka Indymedia or IMC) is a global participatory network of journalists that reports on political and social issues The Independent Media Center (aka Indymedia or IMC) is a global participatory network of journalists that reports on political and social issues

San Diego's first television station was KFMB, which began broadcasting on May 16, 1949. KFMB-TV is the local CBS television affiliate of San Diego Its transmitter is located atop Mount Soledad above La Jolla California. ^[42] Since the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) licensed seven television stations in Los Angeles, only three VHF channels were available for San Diego because of its relative proximity to the larger city. Very high frequency (VHF is the Radio frequency range from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. In 1952, however, the FCC began licensing UHF channels, making it possible for cities such as San Diego to acquire more stations. Stations based in Mexico (with ITU prefixes of XE and XH) also serve the San Diego market. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU allocates call sign prefixes for radio and television stations of all types Television stations today include XETV 6 (FOX), KFMB 8 (CBS), KGTV 10 (ABC), KPBS 15 (PBS), KBNT 17 (Univision), XHAS 33 (Telemundo), K35DG 35 (UCSD-TV), KNSD 39 (NBC), XHDTV 49 (MNTV), KUSI 51 (Independent), and KSWB 69 (CW). XETV, channel 6 is a television station licensed to Tijuana Baja California, Mexico, serving as the CW Television Network affiliate for the KFMB-TV is the local CBS television affiliate of San Diego Its transmitter is located atop Mount Soledad above La Jolla California. CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network. KGTV is the ABC Television affiliate in San Diego California. The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC) is an American Television network. The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the KBNT-CA is a Spanish language television station in San Diego California. Univision is a Spanish-language television network in the United States and Puerto Rico. XHAS (Channel 33 commonly identified on the air as "XHAS" and "Telemundo 33" is the Telemundo -affiliated television station licensed to Tijuana Telemundo is an American television network based in Hialeah Florida a suburb of Miami Florida. K35DG, known on-air as UCSD TV, is a US Class-A television station owned by the University of California at San Diego. K35DG, known on-air as UCSD TV, is a US Class-A television station owned by the University of California at San Diego. KNSD is the NBC Television station based in San Diego California. The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's XHDTV-TV, commonly identified on the air as "XDTV" is the My Network TV -affiliated television station licensed to Tecate, Baja California MyNetworkTV (unofficially abbreviated MyNet or MNT) is a Television network in the United States, owned by the Fox Broadcasting Company KUSI-TV (Channel 51 is an independent Television station based in San Diego California. KSWB-TV, channel 69 is the Fox -affiliated Television station for San Diego California. The CW Television Network ( The CW) is a Television network in the United States launched at the beginning of the 2006-2007 television season. Most of the city's stations air on their own cable channel number for each area:

• Channel 6: Cable 6
• Channel 8: Cable 8
• Channel 10: Cable 10
• Channel 15: Cable 11
• Channel 39: Cable 7
• Channel 49: Cable 13
• Channel 51: Cable 9
• Channel 69: Cable 5

The radio stations in San Diego include nationwide broadcaster, Clear Channel Communications; CBS Radio, Midwest Television, Lincoln Financial Media, Finest City Broadcasting, and many other smaller stations and networks. Clear Channel Communications is a media conglomerate company based in the United States. This article is about the radio group for the radio network see CBS Radio Network. Lincoln Financial Media is a subsidiary of Lincoln National Corporation that owns Radio and Television stations in the United States. Stations include: KOGO AM 600, KFMB AM 760, KCEO AM 1000, KCBQ AM 1170, KLSD AM 1360 Air America, KFSD 1450 AM, KPBS 89. KOGO (600 AM, "AM 600 KOGO" is a talk Radio station in San Diego California. KFMB (760 AM, "TalkRadio 760" is a conservative talk Radio station in San Diego California, co-owned with KFMB-FM and AM 1000 KCEO, Vista California. Their typical signal strength is 2500 watts directional day 250 watts directional at night Intelligent Talk 1170 KCBQ is owned by Salem Communications and offers Conservative talk such as Mike Gallagher, Dennis Prager and Michael KLSD is a sports station based in San Diego, California. The sports programming began on November 12, 2007. Air America Radio (commonly abbreviated to AAR) KFSD AM 1450 is an Adult standards Radio station based in North County, San Diego California. 5, Channel 933, Star 94.1, FM 94/9, KyXy 96. KMYI is a commercial Radio station in San Diego California, broadcasting on 94 KBZT is a commercial Modern rock music Radio station in San Diego California, broadcasting on 94 KyXy 965 FM is a San Diego California, USA Radio station with an Adult contemporary music format 5, Free Radio San Diego (AKA Pirate Radio San Diego) 96. Free Radio San Diego (969 FM) is an unlicensed Radio station located in San Diego California. The term pirate radio usually refers to illegal or unregulated radio transmissions 9FM FRSD, KSON 97. 3/92. 1, KIFM 98. KIFM (or Smooth Jazz 981) is a commercial Smooth jazz Radio station in San Diego California broadcasting on 98 1, Jack-FM 100.7, 101. KFMB-FM is a commercial Radio station located in San Diego California, broadcasting on 100 5 KGB-FM, KPRI 102. KGB-FM (1015 FM) is a Classic rock Radio station in San Diego California. KPRI-FM (also 1021 KPRI) is an Adult album alternative Radio station in San Diego California that plays Blues, Reggae 1, Rock 105.3, and another Pirate Radio station at 106. KIOZ-FM, also known as " Rock 1053 " is a Rock station in San Diego California. The term pirate radio usually refers to illegal or unregulated radio transmissions 9FM, as well as a number of local Spanish language radio stations. This article is about radio broadcasting for other uses see Radio (disambiguation.

Transportation

Freeways and highways

I-5 looking South towards downtown San Diego.

With the automobile being the primary means of transportation for over 80 percent of its residents, San Diego is served by an extensive network of freeways and highways. This includes Interstates 5, which runs south to Tijuana and runs north to the Canadian border through Orange County, Los Angeles, Sacramento, Portland, and Seattle; I-8, which runs east to Imperial County and Arizona; I-15, which runs north to the Canadian border through Riverside County and Salt Lake City; and I-805, which splits from I-5 at Sorrento Valley and rejoins I-5 near the Mexican border. Route description Southern California See also San Diego Freeway, Santa Ana Freeway, Golden State Freeway Interstate 5 starts Tijuana (ˌtiːəˈwɑːnə Spanish, ti'xwana|ti'ʍana is the largest city of the Mexican state of Baja California, situated on the U Orange County is a county in Southern California, United States. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Portland is a city located in the Northwestern United States, near the Confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers In the US state of California, Interstate 8 is designated for, from Sunset Cliffs Boulevard in San Diego to the California- Arizona Imperial County is a County located in the Imperial Valley, in the far southeast of the U In the US state of California, Interstate 15 is a major north-south route through the San Bernardino, Riverside, and San Diego Riverside County is a County located in the southeastern part of the U Salt Lake City is the Capital and the most populous city of the U Interstate 805 (I-805 - also referred to as "The 805" is a bypass Interstate highway running through the San Diego metropolitan area Sorrento Valley is a neighborhood of San Diego California, USA. Notable state highways are SR 94, which connects downtown with I-805, I-15 and east county; SR 163, which connects downtown with the northeast part of the city, intersects I-805 and merges with I-15 at Miramar; SR 52, which connects La Jolla with east county through Santee and SR 125; SR 56, which connects I-5 with I-15 through Carmel Valley and Rancho Peñasquitos; and SR 75 (San Diego-Coronado Bridge), which spans San Diego Bay. State Route 94 in the US state of California is the Martin Luther King Jr Downtown San Diego (also referred to as Centre City) is the city center of San Diego, California, U State Route 163, also named the Cabrillo Freeway, is an 11 Mile (18 km) stretch of Freeway which was once the southern end of U Downtown San Diego (also referred to as Centre City) is the city center of San Diego, California, U Miramar is a neighborhood in the northern part of the city of San Diego, California, USA State Route 52 is a California State Highway in San Diego County, that extends from La Jolla Parkway at Interstate 5 in La Jolla to Route La Jolla (ləˈhɔɪə "luh-HOY-uh") is a wealthy Seaside resort community of up to 42808 residents within the city of San Diego, California Santee is a city in San Diego County, California, United States. State Route 125 currently runs from State Route 905 in Otay Mesa near the U State Route 56 runs from Interstate 5 in the Carmel Valley neighborhood of San Diego to Interstate 15. Carmel Valley is a community in the north-western corner of San Diego, California, USA Rancho Peñasquitos is a community in the northeastern part of the city of San Diego California. State Route 75 is a short Expressway in San Diego. It is a loop route of Interstate 5 in the Barrio Logan Community in San Diego and ending The San Diego-Coronado Bridge, locally referred to as the Coronado Bridge, is a " Prestressed concrete / Steel " Girder bridge, crossing San Diego Bay is a natural harbor adjacent to San Diego California.

Several regional transportation projects have been undertaken in recent years to deal with congestion on San Diego freeways. This includes expansion of Interstates 5 and 805 around "The Merge," a rush-hour spot where the two freeways meet. Also, an expansion of Interstate 15 through the North County is underway with the addition of high-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) "managed lanes". There is also a tollway (The South Bay Expressway) connecting SR 54 and Otay Mesa, near the Mexican border. South San Diego is a rural community within southeast San Diego, California, just north of the U According to a 2007 assessment, only 37 percent of streets in San Diego are in acceptable driving condition and the proposed budget falls $84. 6 million short of bringing the city's streets to an acceptable level. ^[43]

Public transportation

San Diego Trolley at San Diego State University (SDSU)

See also: Public transportation in San Diego County, California

Less than three percent of San Diego residents use mass transit. The San Diego Trolley is a trolley -style Light rail system operating in the metropolitan area of San Diego California. History Established on March 13 1897 San Diego State University first began as the San Diego Normal School intended to educate local future female elementary school teachers Rail services Local San Diego Trolley See also San Diego Trolley The San Diego Trolley is a Light rail that serves San Diego is served by the trolley, bus, Coaster, and Amtrak. The San Diego Trolley is a trolley -style Light rail system operating in the metropolitan area of San Diego California. The San Diego Coast Express Rail, or COASTER, is a Regional rail service that operates in the Central and Northern coastal regions of San Diego County California The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Doing business as Amtrak, is a Government-owned corporation that was organized on May 1, 1971 The trolley (system map) primarily serves downtown and surrounding urban communities, Mission Valley, east county and coastal south bay. Mission Valley is a wide valley trending east-west in San Diego, California, through which the San Diego River flows to the Pacific Ocean. A planned Mid-Coast line will operate from Old Town to University City along the 5 Freeway. Old Town San Diego State Historic Park, located in San Diego, California, is a state protected historical park in San Diego. Summary University City is a community in the city of San Diego California, United States. There are also plans for a Silver Line to expand trolley service downtown.

The Amtrak and Coaster trains currently run along the coastline and connect San Diego with Los Angeles, Orange County, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Ventura via MetroLink. Metrolink is a Regional rail system that serves Southern California. There are three Amtrak stations in San Diego, in Sorrento Valley, Old Town, and Union Station (downtown). Sorrento Valley is a neighborhood of San Diego California, USA. Old Town San Diego State Historic Park, located in San Diego, California, is a state protected historical park in San Diego. Union Station in San Diego California, is a Train station built by the Atchison Topeka and Santa Fe Railway to replace the existing Victorian

The bus is available along almost all major routes, however a large number of bus stops are concentrated in central San Diego. Typical wait times vary from 15 to 30 minutes, depending on the location and route. Trolleys arrive every 7 to 30 minutes (depending on time of day and which trolley line is used). Ferries are also available every half hour crossing San Diego Bay to Coronado. Coronado is a city in San Diego County, California, United States.

Cycling

San Diego's roadway system provides an extensive network of routes for travel by bicycle. The dry and mild climate of San Diego makes cycling a convenient and pleasant year-round option. At the same time, the city's hilly, canyoned terrain and significantly long average trip distances—brought about by strict low-density zoning laws—somewhat restrict cycling for utilitarian purposes. Older and denser neighborhoods around the downtown tend to be friendlier to utility cycling. Utility cycling encompasses any Cycling not done primarily for fitness, Recreation such as cycle touring, or Sport such as cycle This is partly because of the grid street patterns now absent in newer developments farther from the urban core, where suburban style arterial roads are much more common. As a result, a vast majority of cycling related activities are recreational.

The city has some segregated cycle facilities, particularly in newer developments although the majority of road facilities specifically for bicycles are painted on regular roadways. Segregated cycle facilities are Roads tracks paths or marked lanes designated for use by Cyclists from which motorised traffic is generally excluded

Many San Diego cyclists belong to the San Diego County Bicycle Coalition which upholds the rights and interests of cyclists throughout the county. The San Diego County Bicycle Coalition is a California 501(c(3 nonprofit organization "dedicated to making bicycling better in San Diego.

In 2006, Bicycling Magazine rated San Diego as the best city for cycling for U. S. cities with a population over 1 million. ^[44]

Air

San Diego International Airport, also known as Lindbergh International Airport or Lindbergh Field, is the primary commercial airport serving San Diego. San Diego International Airport, also known as Lindbergh Field, is a public Airport located three miles (five km) northwest of the Central business It is the busiest single-runway airport in the United States,^[45] serving over 17 million passengers every year, and is located on San Diego Bay three miles from downtown. It offered scheduled flights to the rest of the United States, Mexico, Hawaii, and Canada. It serves as a focus city for Southwest Airlines and ExpressJet Airlines. Southwest Airlines Co ( is an American low-cost Airline based in Dallas Texas, with its largest focus city at Las Vegas ' McCarran ExpressJet Airlines Inc ( is a Regional airline based in Houston, Texas, USA. Other airports include Brown Field Municipal Airport (Brown Field) and Montgomery Field. Brown Field Municipal Airport is located southeast of San Diego, California and named in honor of United States Navy Commander Melville S Montgomery Field is a public Airport located in San Diego, California, United States, six miles (10 km) north of the Central

Aeroméxico provides a shuttle service from San Diego^[46] to General Abelardo L. Rodríguez International Airport in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. Aerovías de México SA de CV, operating as AeroMéxico, is an Airline based in Mexico City, Mexico. General Abelardo L Rodríguez International Airport in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico, is Mexico's second northernmost Airport after Tijuana (ˌtiːəˈwɑːnə Spanish, ti'xwana|ti'ʍana is the largest city of the Mexican state of Baja California, situated on the U Baja California (pronounced ˈbɑːhɑː kælɨˈfɔrnjə in English is the northernmost state of Mexico. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. ^[47][48]

There has been debate regarding the placement of a new international airport. While the San Diego Airport Authority has endorsed the current site of the Miramar Marine Corps Air Station, the military said it has no intention of relinquishing that site. Marine Corps Air Station Miramar (MCAS Miramar, formerly Naval Air Station (NAS Miramar is a United States Marine Corps installation that is home to the 3rd A vote on the issue took place on November 7, 2006 against Proposition A, in which voters rejected the proposal to move the airport to Miramar. ^[49] The military has rejected the proposals for a dual-use airport because the area around Miramar has already been set aside as safety corridors for military aircraft accidents. A shared commercial/military airport would force military aircraft to fly outside of those safety corridors.

Sea

A dock in San Diego Bay.
In the distance is North Island Naval Air Station.

The Port of San Diego manages the maritime operations of San Diego harbor. History The San Diego Unified Port District was created in 1962 after the California State legislature passed Senate Bill 41 and the San Diego County Board of Cruise ships arrive and depart from San Diego's cruise ship terminal at the foot of Broadway downtown. Carnival Cruise Lines, Royal Caribbean, Holland America, and Celebrity Cruises have home port cruise ships in San Diego during the Winter season. Carnival Cruise Lines is a Cruise line operating a large number of Cruise ships. Royal Caribbean International () is a Norwegian / American Cruise line company based in Miami Florida. The Holland America Line was founded in 1873 as the Dutch-America Steamship Company, a shipping and passenger line Celebrity Cruises is a Cruise line founded in 1989 by the Greek Chandris Group. An additional cruise terminal at Embarcadero Circle is set to open in 2010. Embarcadero Circle is re-development project in the North Embarcadero part of Columbia district of Downtown San Diego, California, U San Diego's port also manages a significant cargo operation which includes imports from South America, motor vehicle imports from Germany, Italy, Sweden, United Kingdom and Japan, and other trade operations. South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics.

San Diego is home to General Dynamics' National Steel and Shipbuilding Company (NASSCO), the largest shipyard on the West Coast of the United States. National Steel and Shipbuilding Company, or simply NASSCO, is a shipyard in San Diego, California, and a division of General Dynamics. The " West Coast " " Western Seaboard " or " Pacific Seaboard " are terms for the westernmost coastal states of the Western United States It is capable of building and repairing large ocean-going vessels. The yard constructs commercial cargo ships and auxiliary vessels for the U. S. Navy and Military Sealift Command, which it has served since 1960.

Military

Military bases in San Diego include U.S. Navy ports, Marine Corps bases, and Coast Guard stations. One of the Marine Corps' two Recruit Depots is located in San Diego. Marine Corps Recruit Depot (Commonly referred to as M-Crud or MCRD San Diego is a United States military installation in San Diego California. San Diego is also known as the "birthplace of naval aviation," although Pensacola, Florida makes a rival claim. Naval Aviation is the application of manned military air power by navies Pensacola is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle and the County seat of Escambia County. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the

San Diego is the site of the largest naval fleet in the world, and San Diego has become the largest concentration of Naval facilities in the world due to base reductions at Norfolk, Virginia and retrenchment of the Russian naval base in Vladivostok. Norfolk is an Independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States Vladivostok ( is Russia 's largest port city on the Pacific Ocean and the administrative center of Primorsky Krai. Two of the U. S. Navy's Nimitz class supercarriers, (the USS Nimitz and the USS Ronald Reagan), five amphibious assault ships, several Los Angeles-class "fast attack" submarines, carrier and submarine tenders, and many smaller ships are home-ported there. This is about the warships For the television program see Supercarrier (TV series. Ship's history The USS Nimitz was first deployed to the Mediterranean in 1976 in company with the nuclear powered Cruisers USS ''South Carolina'' Building christening and commissioning The Ronald Reagan was the first aircraft carrier to be named in honor of a living former president An amphibious assault ship (also referred to as an amphibious assault carrier or commando carrier) is a type of Helicopter carrier employed to land Characteristics Capabilities According to the US government the top speed of Los Angeles -class submarines is over 25 knots (46 km/h 29 mph Four Navy vessels have been named USS San Diego in honor of the city. Four ships of the United States Navy have been named USS San Diego, after the city of San Diego California. ^[50]

Military institutions in the San Diego area

Marine Corps institutions in San Diego include Marine Corps Air Station Miramar and Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego; north of San Diego is Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton. Marine Corps Air Station Miramar (MCAS Miramar, formerly Naval Air Station (NAS Miramar is a United States Marine Corps installation that is home to the 3rd Marine Corps Recruit Depot (Commonly referred to as M-Crud or MCRD San Diego is a United States military installation in San Diego California. Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton is the major West Coast base of the United States Marine Corps and serves as its prime amphibious training base The Navy has several institutions in the city, including the Navy Submarine Support Facility, Naval Base Point Loma, Naval Station San Diego (also known as the 32nd Street Naval Station), Naval Medical Center San Diego, and the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center San Diego. Located in Point Loma, a neighborhood of San Diego California, Naval Base Point Loma ( NBPL) was established on Oct Naval Base San Diego is the largest base of the United States Navy on the west coast of the United States, in San Diego, California. Located on Florida Drive in San Diego, adjacent to Balboa Park, Bob Wilson Naval Hospital formerly known as Naval Medical Center San Diego ( NMCSD Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center San Diego (SSC San Diego is the U Close by San Diego but within San Diego County is Naval Air Station North Island (which operates Naval Auxiliary Landing Facility San Clemente Island, Silver Strand Training Complex, Outlying Field Imperial Beach) and the Naval Amphibious Base Coronado, which are consolidated into Naval Base Coronado. San Diego County is a County located on the Pacific Ocean in the far southwest of the U Naval Air Station North Island or NAS North Island is located at the north end of the Coronado peninsula on San Diego Bay and is the home port of The US Navy has owned the Naval Auxiliary Landing Field (NALF San Clemente Island since 1937 but came into its current importance during the past decade Silver Strand Training Complex (SSTC, formerly known as the Naval Radio Receiving Facility (NRRF, is the premier training facility for the U Naval Amphibious Base Coronado (NAB Coronado is a naval installation located across the bay from San Diego CA. Naval Base Coronado (NBC is a consolidated Navy installation compassing seven military facilities stretching from San Clemente Island, located seventy miles west

Sister cities

San Diego has fifteen sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International:^[51]

• Jalalabad, Afghanistan
• Perth, Australia
• Campinas, Brazil
• Yantai, China
• Tema, Ghana
• Yokohama, Japan
• León, Mexico
• Tijuana, Mexico
• Cavite City, Philippines
• Warsaw, Poland
• Vladivostok, Russia
• Alcalá de Henares, Spain
• Jeonju, South Korea
• Taichung City, Taiwan
• Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Footnotes

References

• County of San Diego
• CityTown Info- San Diego
• City of San Diego City of Villages Program General Outline
• San Diego Crime Information (ARJIS)

See also

• 1858 San Diego Hurricane
• List of notable San Diegans
• San Diego Harbor Police

External links

• Demographic fact sheet from Census Bureau
• City of San Diego Official Website
• History of San Diego from San Diego Historical Society
• San Diego Regional Economic Development
• San Diego Public Library
• San Diego Association of Nonprofits
• San Diego Convention and Visitors Bureau
• San Diego travel guide from Wikitravel

• San Diego, California is at coordinates 32°47′N 117°09′W / 32.78, -117.15 (San Diego, California)Coordinates: 32°47′N 117°09′W / 32.78, -117.15 (San Diego, California)