This article is about the Greek island of Rhodes. For other uses, see Rhodes (disambiguation).

Rhodes Ρόδος
Palace of the Grand Master in the city of Rhodes
Geography
Coordinates:	36°10′N 28°00′E / 36.167, 28Coordinates: 36°10′N 28°00′E / 36.167, 28
Island Chain:	Dodecanese
Area:[1]	1,400. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. The Dodecanese ( Greek Δωδεκάνησα Dodekánisa 'twelve islands' are a group of 12 larger plus 150 smaller Greek islands in the Aegean 684 km² (541 sq.mi.)
Highest Mountain:	Mount Attavyros (1,216 m (3,990 ft))
Government
Greece
Periphery:	South Aegean
Prefecture:	Dodecanese
Capital:	Rhodes, Greece
Statistics
Population:	117,007 (as of 2001)
Density:	84 /km² (216 /sq. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. South Aegean is one of the thirteen Peripheries of Greece. It consists of the Cyclades and Dodecanese islands in the South Aegean Sea. The Dodecanese ( Greek Δωδεκάνησα Dodekánisa 'twelve islands' are a group of 12 larger plus 150 smaller Greek islands in the Aegean Rhodes ( Greek: Ρόδος - Ródos) is the principal city of the Greek island of Rhodes, in southeastern Aegean Sea and mi. )
Postal Code:	85x xx
Area Code:	2241-2247
License Code:	ΡΟ
Website
Rhodes City Dodecanese Prefecture

Rhodes (Greek: Ρόδος, Ródos, IPA: [ˈɾo̞ðo̞s]) is a Greek island approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) southwest of Turkey in eastern Aegean Sea. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The Greek Islands are a collection of over 6000 Islands and Islets that belong to Greece. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Etymology In ancient times there were various explanations for the name Aegean. It is the largest of the Dodecanese islands in terms of both land area and population, with a population of 117,007^[2] of which 53,709 resided in the capital city of the island. The Dodecanese ( Greek Δωδεκάνησα Dodekánisa 'twelve islands' are a group of 12 larger plus 150 smaller Greek islands in the Aegean Rhodes ( Greek: Ρόδος - Ródos) is the principal city of the Greek island of Rhodes, in southeastern Aegean Sea and

Historically, Rhodes was famous worldwide for the Colossus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The medieval Old Town of the City of Rhodes has been declared a World Heritage Site. A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex Today Rhodes is a major international tourist destination. The island has also been called Italian Rodi; Turkish Rodos; Ottoman Turkish: ردوس Rodos; Ladino: Rodi or Rodes. Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. Turkish ( tr Türkçe IPA) is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Ottoman Turkish (Osmanlıca or tr ''Osmanlı Türkçesi'' Ottoman Turkish ota-Latn ''lisân-ı Osmânî'' is the variety of the Turkish language that was used as the

Geography

Topography of Rhodes

The island of Rhodes is shaped like a spearhead, 79. 7 km (49. 5 mi) long and 38 km (24 mi) wide, with a total area of approximately 1,400 square kilometres (541 sq mi) and a coastline of approximately 220 km (137 mi). Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The city of Rhodes is located at the northern tip of the island, as well as the site of the ancient and modern commercial harbours. Rhodes ( Greek: Ρόδος - Ródos) is the principal city of the Greek island of Rhodes, in southeastern Aegean Sea and A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences) or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the Weather or are stored The main air gateway (Diagoras International Airport, IATA code: RHO) is located 14 km (9 mi) to the southwest of the city in Paradisi. Rhodes International Airport "Diagoras" ( Greek: Κρατικός Αερολιμένας Ρόδου "Διαγόρας") or Diagoras Paradisi (Παραδείσι is a village on the northern coast of the island of Rhodes, Greece. The road network radiates from the city along the east and west coasts.

In terms of flora and fauna, Rhodes is closer to Asia Minor than to the rest of Greece. In Botany, flora ( Plural: floras or florae has two meanings The first meaning flora of an area or of time period, refers to all Fauna is all of the Animal life of any particular region or time Anatolia (Anadolu Ανατολία Anatolía) or Asia minor, comprising most of modern Turkey, is the geographic region bounded by the Black The interior of the island is mountainous, sparsely inhabited and covered with forests of pine (Pinus brutia) and cypress (Cupressus sempervirens). This article is about the tree For other uses of the term "pine" see Pine (disambiguation. Cupressus sempervirens, the Mediterranean Cypress,(Or Italian Tuscan or Graveyard Cypress or Pencil Pine is a species of cypress native to the eastern The island is home to the Rhodian deer. A deer is a Ruminant Mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. In Petaludes Valley (Greek for "Valley of the Butterflies"), large numbers of tiger moths gather during the summer months. Petaloudes (Πεταλούδες is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Arctiidae is a large and diverse family of Moths with around 11000 species found all over the world with 6000 Neotropical species (Scoble 1995 Mount Attavyros, at 1,216 metres (3,990 ft), is the island's highest point of elevation. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit While the shores are rocky, the island has arable strips of land where citrus fruit, wine grapes, vegetables, olives and other crops are grown. Citrus is a common term and Genus of Flowering plants in the family Rutaceae, originating in tropical and subtropical southeast regions of Wine is an Alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of Grape juice

Outside of the city of Rhodes, the island is dotted with small villages and beach resorts, among them Faliraki, Lindos, Kremasti, Haraki, Pefkos, Archangelos, Afantou, Koskinou, Embona (Attavyros), Paradisi, and Trianta (Ialysos). Faliraki (Φαληράκι is the primary Seaside resort village on the Greek island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese. Lindos (in Greek, Λίνδος) is a town and an archaeological site on the east coast of the Greek Island of Rhodes This page refers to Kremasti Rhodes For the village in Laconia of the same name see Kremasti Laconia. Haraki (derived from the Greek Χαράκι is a small fishing village on the east coast of the Greek island of Rhodes (Part of the Hellenic Republic of Pefkos, Greek: Pefki is a small town located in the south of the Greek island of Rhodes, from the capital city Rhodes. Archangelos is a name of various towns and villages in Greece Archangelos Rhodes, a town in the island of Rhodes Archangelos Preveza, a Afantou (Αφάντου is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Koskinou is a village on the Greek island of Rhodes.It located 5 miles from Rhodes town and 6 miles from the island resort of Faliraki. Empona (Έμπωνα is a mountainous village (1250 inhabitants halfway up the Attavyros, a gray rocky mountain of 1215 m height Paradisi (Παραδείσι is a village on the northern coast of the island of Rhodes, Greece. Ialysos ( Greek: Ιαλυσός also known as Trianta, is the second-largest town on the island of Rhodes (Ρόδος Rhodos) in Greece Tourism is the island's primary source of income.

History

Ancient times

Further information: Rhodes, Greece

1493 Woodcut engraving depicting the city of Rhodes by Hartmann Schedel

The island was inhabited in the Neolithic period, although little remains of this culture. Rhodes ( Greek: Ρόδος - Ródos) is the principal city of the Greek island of Rhodes, in southeastern Aegean Sea and Hartmann Schedel ( February 13, 1440 &ndash November 28, 1514) was a German physician humanist and Historian, one The Neolithic (from Greek νεολιθικός — neolithikos from νέος neos, "new" + λίθος lithos In the 16th century BC the Minoans came to Rhodes, and later Greek mythology recalled a Rhodian race they called the Telchines, and associated Rhodes with Danaus; it was sometimes nicknamed Telchinis. The Minoan civilization was a Bronze Age civilization which arose on the island of Crete. In Greek mythology, the Telchines were the original inhabitants of the island of Rhodes, and were known in Crete and Cyprus. Danaus, or Danaos ("sleeper" Greek Δαναός) was a Greek mythological character, twin brother of Aegyptus and son of Achiroe In the 15th century the Achaeans invaded. It was, however, in the 11th century that the island started to flourish, with the coming of the Dorians. The Dorians or Dorian Greeks ( Greek:, Dōrieis singular, Dōrieus were It was the Dorians who later built the three important cities of Lindos, Ialyssos and Kameiros, which together with Kos, Cnidus and Halicarnassus (on the mainland) made up the so-called Dorian Hexapolis. Ialysos ( Greek: Ιαλυσός also known as Trianta, is the second-largest town on the island of Rhodes (Ρόδος Rhodos) in Greece Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island Kos or Cos ( Greek: Κως Turkish: İstanköy; Italian: Coo formerly Stanchio in English is a Greek Cnidus or Knidos ( Greek: Κνίδος /Knidos at the modern-day locality called Tekir in Turkey) was an ancient Greek Halicarnassus (Άλικαρνᾱσσός &mdash Halikarnassós or Ἁλικαρνασσός &mdash Alikarnassós Halikarnas modern The doric hexapolis or Dorian Hexapolis was a federation of six cities of Dorian foundation and included Kos, on the Island

In Pindar's ode, the island was said to be born of the union of Helios the sun god and the nymph Rhode, and the cities were named for their three sons. Pindar (ˈpɪndɚ (or Pindarus, Greek:) (probably born 522 BC in Cynoscephalae a village in Boeotia; died 443 BC in Argos) was an Ancient In Greek mythology the Sun was personified as Helios (ˈhiliˌɑs ( Ἥλιος Latinized as Helius) In Greek mythology, Rhode was one of the eldest Oceanids a daughter of Tethys and Oceanus. The rhoda is a pink hibiscus native to the island. Hibiscus, or rosemallow, is a large genus of about 200&ndash220 species of Flowering plants in the family Malvaceae (the mallow family Diodorus Siculus added that Actis, one of the sons of Helios and Rhode travelled to Egypt where he built the city of Heliopolis and he taught the Egyptians the science of astrology. In Greek mythology, Actis (Ἀκτίς was one of the Heliadae, a son of Rhodus and Helios. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Heliopolis (or On) ( Greek: or) meaning sun-city was one of the most ancient cities of Egypt, and capital of the 13th Lower Egyptian nome Astrology (from Greek grc ἄστρον astron, "constellation star" and grc -λογία -logia) is a group of Systems ^[3]

Invasions by the Persians eventually overran the island, but after their defeat by the forces from Athens in 478 BC, the cities joined the Athenian League. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Events By place Greece Despite Spartan opposition Athens is refortified as well as rebuilt after the The Delian League was an association of approximately 150 5th-century BC Greek City-states under the leadership of Athens, whose purpose was to continue When the Peloponnesian War broke out in 431 BC, Rhodes remained largely neutral, although it remained a member of the League. Events By place Greece Athens enters into an alliance with King Sitalkes of Thrace, after Nymphodorus an influential Athenian The war lasted until 404 BC, but by this time Rhodes had withdrawn entirely from the conflict and had decided to go her own way. Events By place Greece The Athenian leader Cleophon continues to urge resistance against the Peloponnesians but the situation

In 408 BC the cities united to form one territory, and built a new capital on the northern end of the island, the city of Rhodes: its regular plan was superintended by the Athenian architect Hippodamus. Events By Place Persian Empire King Darius II of Persia decides to continue the war against Athens and give support Hippodamus of Miletus ( or Hippodamos Greek Ἱππόδαμος (498 BC &mdash 408 BC was an ancient Greek Architect Urban Planner Physician Mathematician Meteorologist However the Peloponnesian War had so weakened the entire Greek culture that it lay open to invasion. In 357 BC the island was conquered by the king Mausolus of Caria, then fell to the Persians 340 BC. Events By place Persian Empire Rhodes falls to the Persian Satrap Mausolus of Halicarnassus. Mausolus ( Greek: Μαύσωλος; also Maussollus) was ruler of Caria (377&ndash353 BC Municipalities of Caria Cramer's detailed catalog of Carian towns in Classical Greece is based entirely on ancient sources Events By place Persian Empire Rhodes falls to Persian forces But their rule was also short and to the great relief of its citizens, Rhodes became a part of the growing empire of Alexander III of Macedon in 332 BC after he defeated the Persians. Alexander the Great ( or, Mégas Aléxandros; July 20 356 BC June 10 or June 11 323 BC also known as Alexander III of Macedon (el Ἀλέξανδρος Γ' Macedon or Macedonia ( Greek grc Μακεδονία grc-Latn Makedonía) was the name of a kingdom centered in the northern-most Events By place Persian Empire The Persian King Darius III twice sends Alexander letters of friendship

The Acropolis of Lindos

Following the death of Alexander his generals vied for control of the kingdom. Three of them, Ptolemy, Seleucus, and Antigonus, succeeded in dividing the kingdom among themselves. For the astronomer see Ptolemy; for others named "Ptolemy" or "Ptolemaeus" see Ptolemy (disambiguation. Seleucus I (surnamed for later generations Nicator, Greek: Σέλευκος Νικάτωρ, i Antigonus I Monophthalmus ("the One-eyed" (382 BC - 301 BC son of Philip from Elimeia, was a Macedonian nobleman general and Satrap Rhodes formed strong commercial and cultural ties with the Ptolemies in Alexandria, and together they formed the Rhodo-Egyptian alliance which controlled trade throughout the Aegean in the 3rd century BC. Alexandria ( Egyptian Arabic: اسكندريه Eskendereyya; Standard Arabic: ar الإسكندرية Al-Iskandariyya; Ἀλεξάνδρεια The city developed into a maritime, commercial and cultural center and its coins were in circulation almost everywhere in the Mediterranean. Its famous schools of philosophy and science and literature and rhetoric, shared masters with Alexandria: the Athenian rhetorician Aeschines who formed a school at Rhodes; Apollonius of Rhodes; the astronomers Hipparchus and Geminus, the rhetorician Dionysios Trax. Aeschines (in Greek, 389&ndash314 BC Greek Statesman and one of the ten Attic orators. Hipparchus ( Greek; ca 190 BC &ndash ca 120 BC was a Greek Astronomer, Geographer, and Mathematician of the Hellenistic Dionysius Thrax ( (170 BC‑90 BC was a Hellenistic Grammarian who lived and is thought by some to have worked in Alexandria and later at Rhodes Its school of sculptors developed a rich, dramatic style that can be characterized as "Hellenistic Baroque". This article focuses on the cultural aspects of the Hellenistic age for the historical aspects see Hellenistic period. Baroque art redirects here Please disambiguate such links to Baroque painting, Baroque sculpture, etc

In 305 BC, Antigonus had his son, Demetrius besiege Rhodes in an attempt to break its alliance with Egypt. Events By place Seleucid Empire Seleucus establishes Seleucia on the Tigris River as his capital Demetrius I (337-283 BC Greek: Δημήτριος) called Poliorcetes (Greek Πολιορκητής) ("The Besieger" son of Demetrius created huge siege engines including a 180 ft (55 m) battering ram and a siege tower named Helepolis that weighed 360,000 pounds (163,293 kg). A siege engine is a device that is designed to Break or circumvent City walls and other Fortifications in Siege warfare. A battering ram is a Siege engine originating in ancient times to break open Fortification walls or doors A siege tower (or in the Middle Ages a Belfry) is a specialized Siege engine, constructed to protect assailants and ladders while approaching Helepolis (ἑλέπολις English: "Taker of Cities" was an ancient Siege engine invented by Polyidus of Thessaly and improved by The pound or pound-mass (abbreviation lb, lbm, or sometimes in the United States #) is a unit of Mass Despite this engagement, in 304 BC, after only one year he relented and signed a peace agreement, leaving behind a huge store of military equipment. Events By place Greece The siege of Rhodes ends after a year as Demetrius Poliorcetes meets with obstinate resistance from the The Rhodians sold the equipment and used the money to erect a statue of their sun god, Helios, the statue now known as Colossus of Rhodes. In Greek mythology the Sun was personified as Helios (ˈhiliˌɑs ( Ἥλιος Latinized as Helius)

In 164 BC, Rhodes signed a treaty with Rome, and became a major schooling center for Roman noble families, and was especially noted for its teachers of rhetoric, such as Hermagoras and the author of the Rhetorica ad Herennium. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC Hermagoras may refer to Hermagoras of Amphipolis (3rd century BC Stoic philosopher Hermagoras of Temnos (1st century BC Rhetorician The Rhetorica ad Herennium may be the oldest surviving Latin book on Rhetoric. At first the state was an important ally of Rome and enjoyed numerous privileges, but these were later lost in various machinations of Roman politics. Cassius eventually invaded the island and sacked the city. For the Roman consul see Gaius Cassius Longinus (consul 171 BC.

In the 1st century AD, the Emperor Tiberius spent a brief term of exile on Rhodes, and Saint Paul brought Christianity to the island. The 1st century was the Century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (or Tiberius I) born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16 42 BC – March 16 AD 37) was the second Roman Paul the apostle (שאול התרסי Šaʾul HaTarsi, meaning " Saul of Tarsus " Σαούλ Saul and Σαῦλος Saulos and Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Rhodes reached her zenith in the third century, and was then by common consent the most civilized and beautiful city in Hellas. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία In 395, the long Byzantine Empire period began for Rhodes, when the Roman Empire was split and the eastern half gradually became a Greek empire. Events By Place Roman Empire After the death of emperor Theodosius I, the Empire is re-divided into an eastern and a western half The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Although part of Byzantium for the next thousand years, Rhodes was nevertheless repeatedly attacked by various forces. It was first occupied by Muslim forces of Muawiyah I in 672. Mu'awiyah I (a=معاوية بن أبي سفيان|t=Mu‘āwīyah ibn Abī Sufyān 602-680 was a Sahaba (companion of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad Events By Place Europe Wamba succeeds Reccaswinth as king of the Visigoths. Much later, Rhodes was retrieved for the Byzantine Emperor Alexius I Comnenus during the First Crusade. Alexios I Komnenos, or Comnenus (Greek Αλέξιος Α' Κομνηνός (1048 &ndash August 15, 1118) Byzantine emperor (1081&ndash1118 The First Crusade was launched in 1095 by Pope Urban II with the dual goals of conquering the sacred city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land and freeing

Medieval period

Deer statues in Mandraki harbor, where the Colossus of Rhodes possibly once stood

In 1309 the Byzantine era came to an end when the island was occupied by forces of the Knights Hospitaller. The Knights Hospitaller (also known as the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St Under the rule of the newly named "Knights of Rhodes", the city was rebuilt into a model of the European medieval ideal. Many of the city's famous monuments, including the Palace of the Grand Master, were built during this period. The Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes is a palace in the town of Rhodes, on the island of Rhodes in Greece.

The strong walls which the Knights had built withstood the attacks of the Sultan of Egypt in 1444, and of Mehmed II in 1480. Sultan (سلطان is an Islamic title with several historical meanings This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Ultimately, however, Rhodes fell to the large army of Suleiman the Magnificent in December 1522. Suleiman I (سليمان Sulaymān, Süleyman almost always Kanuni Sultan Süleyman) ( 6 November 1494 5/ 6 September 1566 The few surviving Knights were permitted to retire to the Kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom of Sicily (Regnum Siciliae or Sicilie Regno di Sicilia, commonly abbreviated Regno) was a state that existed in the south of Italy The Knights would later move their base of operations to Malta. The island was thereafter a possession of the Ottoman Empire for nearly four centuries. The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish The Rhodes blood libel in February 1840 was one of many false accusations against the Jews of Europe, in which the Jews of Rhodes were accused of ritually murdering a Christian boy. The Rhodes blood libel was an instance of Blood libel against Jews in which the Jews on the Ottoman Empire island of Rhodes were accused Year 1840 ( MDCCCXL) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year

Modern history

Mortar of the Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem, Rhodes, 1480-1500, fired 260 lb (118 kg) cannon balls. The Knights Hospitaller (also known as the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St

In 1912, Rhodes was seized from the Turks by the Italians, and in 1948, together with the other islands of the Dodecanese, was united with Greece. Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Dodecanese ( Greek Δωδεκάνησα Dodekánisa 'twelve islands' are a group of 12 larger plus 150 smaller Greek islands in the Aegean It thus bypassed many of the events associated with the "exchange of the minorities" between Greece and Turkey. The 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey is the first large-scale population exchange, or agreed mutual expulsion in the 20th century Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches In 1949, Israel signed an armistice agreement with Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria on the island of Rhodes. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Religion

The predominant religion is Greek Orthodox. The Greek Orthodox Church ( Greek: Ἑλληνορθόδοξη Ἐκκλησία Hellēnorthódoxē Ekklēsía) is formed by several autocephalous churches There is a significant Catholic [1] minority on the island, many of whom are descendants of Italians who remained after the end of the Italian occupation. Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete". The' Italian people' are a Southern European Ethnic group located primarily in Italy, Switzerland, France and by virtue of a wide-ranging Unlike many other Greek islands, Rhodes has a Muslim minority, a remnant from Ottoman Turkish times. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish

The Ladino-speaking Jewish community was mostly wiped out in the Holocaust. The Holocaust (from the Greek el ''ὁλόκαυστον'' (el-Latn holókauston holos, "completely" and kaustos, "burnt" also known as The main synagogue, Kahal Shalom, the oldest synagogue in Greece, is still standing in the Jewish quarter of the Old Town of Rhodes. It has been renovated with the help of foreign donors but there are very few Jews who live year-round in Rhodes today, and services are not held on a regular basis. ^[4]

Archeology

In ancient times, Rhodes was home to one of the Seven Wonders of the World - the Colossus of Rhodes. This giant bronze statue once stood in the harbour. It was completed in 280 BC but was destroyed in an earthquake in 224 BC. Events By place Seleucid Empire Antiochus makes his eldest son Seleucus king in the east but he proves to be incompetent Events By place Greece After the Spartan King Cleomenes III takes Pellene Phlius and Argos, Aratus No trace of the statue remains today.

Palace of the (Prince) Grand Master - Rhodes.

Historical sites on the island of Rhodes include the Acropolis of Lindos, the Acropolis of Rhodes, the Temple of Apollo, ancient Ialysos, ancient Kamiros, the Governor's Palace, Rhodes Old Town (walled medieval city), the Palace of the Grand Masters, Kahal Shalom Synagogue in the Jewish Quarter, the Archeological Museum, the ruins of the castle of Monolithos, the castle of Kritinia and St. Acropolis (Gr akros akron edge extremity + polis city pl acropoleis Lindos (in Greek, Λίνδος) is a town and an archaeological site on the east coast of the Greek Island of Rhodes The Acropolis of Rhodes is an Acropolis dating from the Hellenistic period (3rd-2nd c Ialysos ( Greek: Ιαλυσός also known as Trianta, is the second-largest town on the island of Rhodes (Ρόδος Rhodos) in Greece Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island The Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes is a palace in the town of Rhodes, on the island of Rhodes in Greece. The Kahal Shalom Synagogue ( בית הכנסת קהל קדוש שלום, or Beit HaKnesset Kahal Kadosh Shalom meaning Synagogue of the Holy Congregation of Peace La Juderia, ( לה גודיריאיאאי) was the former Jewish quarter of Rhodes Greece. Monolithos is a village on the island of Rhodes, in Greece. It is located 10 km south-east of Apolakkia and 30 km from Prasonisi. Catherine Hospice.

Government

Rhodes is the capital of the Dodecanese Prefecture and the most populated island of the South Aegean Region. The Dodecanese ( Greek Δωδεκάνησα Dodekánisa 'twelve islands' are a group of 12 larger plus 150 smaller Greek islands in the Aegean South Aegean is one of the thirteen Peripheries of Greece. It consists of the Cyclades and Dodecanese islands in the South Aegean Sea. The local association of municipalities and communities of the Dodecanese, TEDKD,^[5] is responsible for joining efforts and actions for the whole island as well as prefecture. Talks in 2007 suggested that the incorporation of the 10 municipalities of the island into one or two metropolitan municipalities in order to achieve flexible administration with profitable outcome for the whole island.

Administrative divisions

The island is divided into 10 municipalities:

Towns and villages

Rhodes has 43 towns and villages:

Economy

The economy is tourist-oriented. Ialysos ( Greek: Ιαλυσός also known as Trianta, is the second-largest town on the island of Rhodes (Ρόδος Rhodos) in Greece Kallithea (Καλλιθέα is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island Soroni (Σορωνή is a small village on the island of Rhodes, Greece, on the northwest coast of the island (36°21'45 Lindos (in Greek, Λίνδος) is a town and an archaeological site on the east coast of the Greek Island of Rhodes Petaloudes (Πεταλούδες is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. This page refers to Kremasti Rhodes For the village in Laconia of the same name see Kremasti Laconia. Rhodes ( Greek: Ρόδος - Ródos) is the principal city of the Greek island of Rhodes, in southeastern Aegean Sea and South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern Gennadi is a small Greek village 64 km from Rhodes Town and 27 km from ancient Lindos. Rhodes ( Greek: Ρόδος - Ródos) is the principal city of the Greek island of Rhodes, in southeastern Aegean Sea and Gennadi is a small Greek village 64 km from Rhodes Town and 27 km from ancient Lindos. South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern Ialysos ( Greek: Ιαλυσός also known as Trianta, is the second-largest town on the island of Rhodes (Ρόδος Rhodos) in Greece Salakos ( Greek: Σάλακος) is a village of 350 people on the west side of the of Rhodes Island Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island Afantou (Αφάντου is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Atavyros (Ατάβυρος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Kattavia (also Kattaviá and Cattavia) is a small Village located on the southernmost tip of the island of Rhodes. South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern Archangelos is a name of various towns and villages in Greece Archangelos Rhodes, a town in the island of Rhodes Archangelos Preveza, a Archangelos is a name of various towns and villages in Greece Archangelos Rhodes, a town in the island of Rhodes Archangelos Preveza, a Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island This page refers to Kremasti Rhodes For the village in Laconia of the same name see Kremasti Laconia. Petaloudes (Πεταλούδες is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island Koskinou is a village on the Greek island of Rhodes.It located 5 miles from Rhodes town and 6 miles from the island resort of Faliraki. Lindos (in Greek, Λίνδος) is a town and an archaeological site on the east coast of the Greek Island of Rhodes Petaloudes (Πεταλούδες is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern Petaloudes (Πεταλούδες is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Petaloudes (Πεταλούδες is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Maritsa is a village situated on west coast of the island of Rhodes, Greece, about 17 km far from the capital between Kremasti and Psinthos Petaloudes (Πεταλούδες is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern Empona (Έμπωνα is a mountainous village (1250 inhabitants halfway up the Attavyros, a gray rocky mountain of 1215 m height Atavyros (Ατάβυρος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern Soroni (Σορωνή is a small village on the island of Rhodes, Greece, on the northwest coast of the island (36°21'45 Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island Platania (Platània is a Comune and Town in the province of Catanzaro in the western part of the the Calabria region of Italy. Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island Lindos (in Greek, Λίνδος) is a town and an archaeological site on the east coast of the Greek Island of Rhodes Lindos (in Greek, Λίνδος) is a town and an archaeological site on the east coast of the Greek Island of Rhodes South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern Archangelos is a name of various towns and villages in Greece Archangelos Rhodes, a town in the island of Rhodes Archangelos Preveza, a Monolithos is a village on the island of Rhodes, in Greece. It is located 10 km south-east of Apolakkia and 30 km from Prasonisi. Atavyros (Ατάβυρος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Lindos (in Greek, Λίνδος) is a town and an archaeological site on the east coast of the Greek Island of Rhodes Lindos (in Greek, Λίνδος) is a town and an archaeological site on the east coast of the Greek Island of Rhodes South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern Sari Fawasi Abboud (born December 10, 1980 in Beirut, Lebanon) better known by his stage name Massari, an R&B, Archangelos is a name of various towns and villages in Greece Archangelos Rhodes, a town in the island of Rhodes Archangelos Preveza, a South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern Fanes is a village in the northeast part of Rhodes. The main village is situated around 1  km inland Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island Atavyros (Ατάβυρος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Theologos (Tholos is a village on the Greek island of Rhodes. Petaloudes (Πεταλούδες is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern Afantou (Αφάντου is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Atavyros (Ατάβυρος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. South Rhodes or Nótia Ródos (Νότια Ρόδος is a municipality on the island of Rhodes, in the Dodecanese prefecture in southeastern The most developed sector is service. Other sectors contribute to an above Greek standard of living. Small industries process imported raw materials for local retail. Other industry includes agricultural goods production, stockbreeding, fishery and winery.

Transportation

Road Network

The road network of the island is mostly modern and paved, with some renovations carried out in recent years. There are four major arteries:

• Rhodes-Kamiros Province Avenue: Two lane avenue, runs through the west coast north to south and connects Rhodes City with Diagoras Airport and Kamiros. Rhodes International Airport "Diagoras" ( Greek: Κρατικός Αερολιμένας Ρόδου "Διαγόρας") or Diagoras Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island
• Rhodes-Lindos National Avenue (Greek National Road 95): Four and two lane avenue, runs mainly inland north to south and connects Rhodes City with Lindos. Greek National Road 95 is the one of the main arteries on the island of Rhodes and is the only one recorded as a National Highway
• Rhodes-Kallithea Province Avenue: Two lane avenue, runs through the east coast north to south and connects Rhodes City with Faliraki Resort.
• Tsairi-Airport National Avenue: Four and two lane avenue, runs inland east to west and connects the east coast with the west and the airport.

Future roads:

• Further widening of E-95 from Faliraki to Lindos. This is to be a four lane avenue with jersey barrier in the middle,about 36 km (22 mi) in length, with the first part scheduled to start in August 2007. A Jersey barrier or Jersey wall separates lanes of traffic (often opposing lanes of traffic with a goal of minimizing vehicle crossover in the case of accidents
• Plans also exist for a new four lane express avenue connecting Rhodes Town with Diagoras Airport that will reduce congestion on the coastal west avenue
• The first phase of construction of the Rhodes City ringway was begun a few years ago, but progress has been slow. Rhodes International Airport "Diagoras" ( Greek: Κρατικός Αερολιμένας Ρόδου "Διαγόρας") or Diagoras

Cars and Motorbikes

Families in Rhodes often own more than one car, along with a motorbike. Traffic jams are common particularly in the summer months. The island is served by 450 taxis. With few laws regarding small vehicles, whole families may be seen riding a motorbike or scooter at a time.

Bus

Bus services are handled by two operators

• RODA: Rhodes City company that also services suburban areas (Faliraki, Ialysos, Kremasti, Airport, Pastida, Maritsa, Paradeisi) and the entire west coast (blue-white colored). Rhodes ( Greek: Ρόδος - Ródos) is the principal city of the Greek island of Rhodes, in southeastern Aegean Sea and
• KTEL: State-owned buses that serve villages and resorts in the east coast (yellow-orange colored).

Air

Rhodes has three airports but only one is public. Diagoras Airport, one of the biggest in Greece, is the main entrance /exit point for both locals and tourists. Rhodes International Airport "Diagoras" ( Greek: Κρατικός Αερολιμένας Ρόδου "Διαγόρας") or Diagoras The island is well connected with other major Greek cities and islands as well as with major European capitals and cities via charter flights. From April easyjet will offer scheduled flights from London-Gatwick and this year Aegean Airlines commenced a daily connection to Rhodes with Rome-Fiumicino and Cyprus Airways with Larnaca. EasyJet Airline Company Limited, styled as easyJet, is a low cost airline based at London Luton Airport. Gatwick Airport is London 's second largest Airport and the second busiest airport in the United Kingdom after Heathrow. Aegean Airlines SA is the second largest Greek Airline based in Athens. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Cyprus Airways Public Ltd (Κυπριακές Αερογραμμές Kipriakes Aerogrammes Turkish Kıbrıs Hava Yolları) is the national Airline Larnaca, ( Greek: Λάρνακα, Turkish: Larnaka) is a City of the Republic of Cyprus situated on the southern coast

• Diagoras International Airport: Public airport, 16 km (10 mi) south west of Rhodes City, third in international passenger volume and fourth in total passenger volume in Greece
• Maritsa Air Force Airfield: Closed to public, near Maritsa village, used to be the public airport of the island until 1977. Rhodes International Airport "Diagoras" ( Greek: Κρατικός Αερολιμένας Ρόδου "Διαγόρας") or Diagoras Rhodes ( Greek: Ρόδος - Ródos) is the principal city of the Greek island of Rhodes, in southeastern Aegean Sea and Nowadays serves the Greek Army and is sometimes used for car races.
• Kalathos Air Strip: Served as a landing strip during World War II, near the village of Kalathos. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Currently inoperative.

Two pilot schools offer aviation services (small plane rental, island hopping).

Sea

Rhodes has five ports, three of them in Rhodes City, one in the west coast near Kamiros and one in east coast near Lardos. Rhodes ( Greek: Ρόδος - Ródos) is the principal city of the Greek island of Rhodes, in southeastern Aegean Sea and Kameiros (Κάμειρος was a city on the island of Rhodes, Greece, lying on a Peninsula on the northwest coast of the island

• Central Port: Located in the city of Rhodes serves domestic and international traffic
• Kolona Port: Opposite the central port, serves intra Dodecanese traffic and large yachts
• Akandia Port: The new port of the island next to the central port, being built since 1960s, destined both domestic and international traffic. At the moment serves cruise ships on high peak days.
• Kamiros Skala Dock: Some 30 km (19 mi) south west of the city near Ancient Kamiros ruins serves mainly the island of Halki
• Lardos Dock: Formerly servicing local industries, now under development as an alternative port for times when the central port is inaccessible due to weather conditions. Halki (Χάλκη Chalki, Khalki, also Chalce) is a Greek island and municipality in the Dodecanese archipelago in It is situated in a rocky shore near the village of Lardos in south east Rhodes.

Culture

Sports

• Football: AS Rodos and PAO Diagoras, both Rhodes City based teams, compete professionally at the national level. AS Rodos is a football club based in Rhodes, Greece. It was founded in 1968 Local football leagues (organized at the prefecture level) are well developed and contain three divisions with more than 50 teams. Many stadiums are grass covered.
• Basketball: Colossus BC sponsors professional basketball and has currently joined the Greek A1 League. AO Kolossos Rhodes AKA Colossus Rhodes is a Greek professional Basketball team located in Rhodes, Greece. The A1 Ethniki (often referred to as Greek League or Greek Championship) is the highest professional Basketball competition among pro clubs in The local league includes two divisions with 14 teams. Two indoor courts exist in Rhodes City, and one each in Ialysos and Kremasti. Several other are planned for Rhodes City Pales De Sports, Faliraki, Afantou, and South Rhodes.
• Volleyball: Local teams only.
• Water Polo: Mostly amateur based. There is no single indoor pool on the island.
• Rugby: Introduced in 2007. Teams compete at the national level.
• Tennis/Table Tennis: Tennis has a long history on the island and from time to time develops competitive players.
• Sailing: Widely developed, offers competition at the international level.
• Cycling: For a long period of time Rhodes had the only cycling track in Greece. Therefore it was well developed and produced Olympics level competitors.
• Rhodes competes in the bi-annual Island Games, which it hosted in 2007. International Island Games Association (IGA is an organisation the sole purpose of which is to organise the Island Games a friendly biennial Athletic competition between teams

Popular culture

• In ancient times there was a saying: "Hic Rhodus, hic salta!" -- "Rhodes is here, here perform your jump", an admonition to prove one's idle boasts by deed rather than talk. It comes from an Aesop's fable called "The Boastful Athlete," and was cited by Hegel and Marx. Aesop's Fables or Aesopica refers to a collection of Fables credited to Aesop (620&ndash 560 BC) a slave and story-teller who lived

• Many of the outdoor scenes of The Guns of Navarone (starring Gregory Peck, David Niven and Anthony Quinn) and Escape to Athena (starring Roger Moore and Telly Savalas) were filmed on the Island of Rhodes. The Guns of Navarone is a 1961 film based on a well-known 1957 novel about World War II by Scottish thriller writer Gregory Peck (April 5 1916 &ndash June 12 2003 was an Academy Award -winning and four-time Golden Globe Award-winning American Film James David Graham Niven (1 March 1910 – 29 July 1983 was an English Academy Award -winning Actor probably best known for his role as the punctuality-obsessed For other people named Anthony Quinn see Anthony Quinn (disambiguation Anthony Quinn ( April 21, 1915 &ndash Escape to Athena is an adventure war film (with elements of comedy released in 1979, directed by George Pan Cosmatos and produced by Lew Grade Sir Roger George Moore KBE (born 14 October 1927) is an English Actor. Aristotelis “Telly” Savalas (Αριστοτέλης Σαβάλας in Greek January 21, 1922 – January 22, 1994) was an American

• In the popular Playstation 2 game God of War II, both Rhodes and the Colossus of Rhodes are featured at the start of the game, offering a mythological theory as to how the Colossus was destroyed. God of War II is a Hack and slash action-adventure Video game and the sequel to the 2005 game God of War for the PlayStation

Notable people

• Dinocrates (4th century BC) architect and technical adviser for Alexander the Great
• Memnon (380-333 BC) commander of mercenary army
• Chares of Lindos (3rd century BC) sculptor
• Leonidas (2nd century BC) athlete
• Agesander (1st century BC) sculptor
• Cleobulus of Lindos(6th century BC) philosopher and one of the Seven Sages of Ancient Greece
• Diagoras of Rhodes (5th century BC) boxer, multiple Olympic winer

Sister Cities

• Perth, Western Australia, Australia

See also

• Colossus of Rhodes

Photos

View of the west coast and the town of Ialysos from Filerimos hill	Filerimos hill	Mountain Atavyros, the highest on Rhodes (1215m)	Hill of Filerimos, location of the city of Ialyssos
Hill of Filerimos, location of the city of Ialyssos	Stegna Beach, Rhodes	Ladiko Beach, Rhodes	Old Town of Rhodes
Traditional house in the village of Archangelos on Rhodes	Sianna Church	Sianna village	The Aghios Archangelos Church in the city of Archangelos. Dinocrates of Rhodes (also Deinocrates; Δεινοκράτης ο Ρόδιος fl The 4th century BC started the first day of 400 BC and ended the last day of 301 BC. Memnon of Rhodes (380 &ndash 333 BC was the commander of the Greek mercenaries working for the Persian king Darius III when Alexander the Great Events By place Persian empire Persia forces the Athenians to withdraw their general Chabrias from Egypt. Events By place Macedonia King Alexander of Macedonia conquers western Asia Minor, subduing the hill tribes of Chares of Lindos (fl in 280 BC) was a Greek Sculptor born on the island of Rhodes. The 3rd century BC started the first day of 300 BC and ended the last day of 201 BC Leonidas of Rhodes ( Ancient Greek:; born 188 BCE) was one of the most famous Olympic runners of antiquity The 2nd century BC started the first day of 200 BC and ended the last day of 101 BC. "Agesander" redirects here For other uses of this name see Agesander (disambiguation. The 1st century BC started the first day of 100 BC and ended the last day of 1 BC. Cleobulus (Κλεόβουλος Cleovoulos the son of Evagoras was a Greek philosopher and a native of Lindus. The 6th century BC started the first day of 600 BC and ended the last day of 501 BC. For other uses see Diagoras Diagoras of Rhodes (Διαγόρας ὁ Ῥόδιος was an Ancient Greek boxer from the 5th century Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. Western Australia is a state occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Ialysos ( Greek: Ιαλυσός also known as Trianta, is the second-largest town on the island of Rhodes (Ρόδος Rhodos) in Greece Ialysos ( Greek: Ιαλυσός also known as Trianta, is the second-largest town on the island of Rhodes (Ρόδος Rhodos) in Greece Archangelos is a name of various towns and villages in Greece Archangelos Rhodes, a town in the island of Rhodes Archangelos Preveza, a Archangelos is a name of various towns and villages in Greece Archangelos Rhodes, a town in the island of Rhodes Archangelos Preveza, a
Eleousa village	Old Town of Rhodes, D'Amboise Gate	Monolithos.

References

External links

• Rhodes travel guide from Wikitravel
• City of Rhodes Official Website