Citizendia

This is about the company; for other uses see Renault (disambiguation).
Renault S. A.
TypePublic (Euronext: RNO)
FoundedFebruary 25, 1899
HeadquartersFlag of France Boulogne-Billancourt, France
Key peopleCarlos Ghosn, President & CEO
IndustryAutomotive
ProductsAutomobiles
Trucks and buses
Revenue▲ €41. Public is of or pertaining to the people relating to or affecting a nation state or community opposed to private; as the public treasury a road or lake Euronext NV is a pan- European Stock exchange based in Paris and with subsidiaries in Belgium, France, Netherlands Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Boulogne-Billancourt (often colloquially called simply Boulogne or Boulbi) is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Carlos Ghosn, KBE ( Arabic: كارلوس غصن born 9 March 1954 is a Brazilian - Lebanese businessman For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" In Marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a Market that might satisfy a want or need In business revenue or revenues is Income that a company receives from its normal business activities usually from the sale of goods and services Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e 528 billion (2006) -0. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 8%
Operating income▲ €1. In financial and business Accounting, earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT is a measure of a firm's profitability that excludes interest and income tax expenses Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e 323 billion (2005)
Net income▲ €3. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Net income is equal to the Income that a firm has after subtracting costs and Expenses from the total Revenue. Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e 453 billion (2005)
Employees126,584 (2005)
SubsidiariesDacia
Renault F1
Renault Samsung Motors
Renault Sport
Websitewww.renault.com

Renault S. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A subsidiary, in business matters is an entity that is controlled by a bigger and more powerful entity Dacia ('daʧia is a Romanian car manufacturer named for the historic region that constitutes much of present-day Romania 1970s and 1980s 1977 Renault first involvement in Formula One was made by the Renault Sport subsidiary Renault Samsung Motors is a South Korean Automobile manufacturer. Renault Sport Technologies (commonly known as Renault Sport, Renaultsport or RST is the France Motorsport division of A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages A. is a French vehicle manufacturer producing cars, vans, buses, tractors, and trucks. Vehicles, derived from the Latin word vehiculum, are non-living Means of transport. The company is well known for numerous revolutionary designs, security technologies, and motor racing.

Contents

History

Foundation and early years (1898–1918)

Producing cars since late 1898, the Renault corporation was founded in 1899 as Société Renault Frères by Louis Renault, his brothers Marcel and Fernand, and his friends Thomas Evert and Julian Wyer. Year 1898 ( MDCCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Louis Renault (February 15 1877 Paris, France &ndash October 24 1944 was a French Industrialist Marcel Renault (1871 or '72 -1903 was a French car racing driver and industrialist co-founder of the car maker Renault, and the brother of Louis and Louis was a bright, aspiring young engineer who had already designed and built several models before teaming up with his brothers, who had honed their business skills working for their father's textiles firm. A textile is a flexible material comprised of a network of natural or artificial Fibres often referred to as thread or Yarn. While Louis handled design and production, Marcel and Fernand handled company management.

The first Renault car, the Renault Voiturette 1CV was sold to a friend of Louis' father after giving him a test ride on December 24, 1898. The Renault Voiturette (Renault Little Car was Renault 's first ever produced automobile and was manufacturated between 1898 and 1903 Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes Year 1898 ( MDCCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The client was so impressed with the way the tiny car ran and how it climbed the streets that he bought it.

The brothers immediately recognised the publicity that could be obtained for their vehicles by participation in motor racing and Renault made itself known through achieving instant success in the first city-to-city races held in Switzerland, resulting in rapid expansion for the company. Both Louis and Marcel Renault raced company vehicles, but Marcel was killed in an accident during the 1903 Paris-Madrid race. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. Although Louis Renault never raced again, his company remained very involved, including Ferenc Szisz winning the first ever Grand Prix motor racing[1] event in a Renault AK 90CV in 1906. Ferenc Szisz ( September 20, 1873 – February 21, 1944) was a Hungarian race car driver and the winner of the first Grand Prix Grand Prix motor racing has its roots in organised automobile racing that began in France as far back as 1894 The Renault Grand Prix was a Race car manufactured between 1906 and 1908 by French Car maker Renault. The 1906 French Grand Prix was the first Grand Prix motor race and took place at Le Mans on 26th June 1906 Louis was to take full control of the company as the only remaining brother in 1906 when Fernand retired for health reasons.

The Renault reputation for poor build quality through innovation was fostered from very early on. In 1899, Renault launched the first production sedan car. At the time, cars were very much luxury items, and the price of the smallest Renaults available being 3000 francs reflected this; an amount it would take ten years for the average worker at the time to earn. As well as cars, Renault manufactured taxis, buses and commercial cargo vehicles in the pre-war years, and during World War I (1914–18) branched out into ammunition, military airplanes and vehicles such as the revolutionary Renault FT-17 tank. A taxis (plural taxes, ˈtæksiːz is an Innate behavioural response by an Organism to a directional stimulus. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Ammunition, often referred to as ammo, is a generic term derived from the French language la munition which Overview Fixed-wing aircraft range from small training and recreational aircraft to Wide-body aircraft and military cargo aircraft. The Renault FT 17 or Automitrailleuse à chenilles Renault FT modèle 1917 was a French light Tank; it is among the most revolutionary and influential A tank is a tracked, Armoured fighting vehicle designed for Front-line combat which combines Operational mobility and tactical Company's military designs were so successful that Renault himself was honoured by the Allies for his company's contributions to their victory. By the end of the war, Renault was the number one private manufacturer in France.

Between the world wars (1919–38)

Louis Renault enlarged the scope of his company after 1918, producing agricultural and industrial machinery. Agricultural machinery is one of the most Revolutionary and impactful applications of modern Technology. However, Renault struggled to compete with the increasingly popular small, affordable "people's cars", while problems with the stock market and the workforce also adversely affected the company's growth. Renault also had to find a way to distribute its vehicles more efficiently. In 1920, he signed one of its first distribution contracts with Gustave Gueudet, an entrepreneur from northern France.

The pre-First World War cars had a distinctive front shape caused by positioning the radiator behind the engine to give a so called "coalscuttle" bonnet. This continued through the 1920s and it was not until 1930 that all models had the radiator at the front. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The bonnet badge changed from circular to the familiar and continuing diamond shape in 1925. Renault models were introduced at the Paris Motor Show which was held in September or October of the year. This has led to a slight confusion as to vehicle identification. For example a "1927" model was mostly produced in 1928.

Renault produced a range of cars from small to very large. For example in 1928 which was the year when Renault produced 45,809 cars the range of 7 models started with a 6cv, a 10cv, the Monasix, 15cv, the Vivasix, the 18/24cv and the 40cv. There was a range of factory bodies, of up to 8 styles, and the larger chassis were available to coachbuilders. The number of a model produced varied with size. The smaller were the most popular with the least produced being the 18/24cv. The most expensive factory body style in each range was the closed cars. Roadsters and tourers (torpedoes) were the cheapest.

The London operation was very important to Renault in 1928. The UK market was quite large and from there "colonial" modified vehicles were dispatched. Lifted suspensions, enhanced cooling and special bodies were common on vehicles sold to the colonies. Exports to the USA by 1928 had almost reduced to zero from their high point prior to WW1 when to ship back a Grand Renault or similar high class European manufactured car was common. A NM 40cv Tourer had a USA list price of over $4,600 being about the same as a V12 Cadillac Tourer. Closed 7 seat limousines started at $6,000 which was more expensive than a Cadillac V16 Limousine.

The whole range was conservatively engineered and built. The newly introduced 1927 Vivasix, model PG1, was sold as the "executive sports" model. Lighter weight factory steel bodies powered by a 3180 cc six cylinder motor provided a formula that went through to the Second World War.

The "de Grand Luxe Renaults", that is any with over 12 foot wheelbase (3. 68m), were produced in very small numbers in two major types - six and eight cylinder. The 1927 six cylinder Grand Renault models NM, PI and PZ introduced the new three spring rear suspension that considerably aided road holding that was needed as with some body styles over 90 mph (140 km/h) was possible. The 8 cylinder Reinastella was introduced in 1929. This model lead on to a range culminating in the 1939 Suprastella. All Grand Renaults from 1923 are classed as classics by CCCA. Coachbuilders included Kellner, Labourdette, J. Rothschild et Fils and Renault bodies. Closed car Renault bodies were often trimmed and interior wood work completed by Rothschild.

Renault also introduced in 1928 an upgraded specification to the larger cars designated "Stella". Vivastella's and Grand Renaults had upgraded interior fittings and had a small star fitted above the front hood Renault diamond. This proved to be a winning marketing differentiator and in the 1930s all cars changed to the Stella suffix from the previous two alpha character model identifiers.

The Grand Renaults were built using a considerable amount of aluminium. Engines, brakes, transmissions, floor and running boards and all external body panels were aluminium. Unfortunately of the few that were built many went to scrap to aid the War effort.

World War II and after (1939–71)

During World War II, Louis Renault's factories worked for Nazi Germany producing trucks with work on cars officially forbidden. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers He was, for this reason, arrested during the liberation of France in 1944 and died in prison before having prepared his defense. Vichy France, or the Vichy regime are the common terms used to describe the government of France from July 1940 to August 1944 An autopsy later showed that his neck had been broken, suggesting that he was murdered. His industrial assets were seized by the provisional government of France. The Renault factories became a public industry (known as Régie Nationale des Usines Renault) under the leadership of Pierre Lefaucheux.

In the years immediately following its nationalisation Renault experienced something of a resurgence, led by the rear engine 4CV model, which was launched in 1946 and proved itself a capable rival for cars such as the Morris Minor and Volkswagen Beetle, its success (more than half a million sold) making sure it remained in production until 1961. In Automobile design, a rear-engine design layout places the Engine at the rear of the vehicle The Renault 4CV is an Automobile produced by the French manufacturer Renault from 1946 to 1961 The revolutionary Morris Minor was launched at the Earls Court Motor Show on 20 September, 1948. The Volkswagen Beetle, officially known as the type 1 and originally called ‘Käfer’ is an Economy car produced by the German auto maker Volkswagen There was also a large mechanically conventional 2-litre 4-cylinder car, the Renault Fregate, from 1951 to 1960. The Renault Frégate is a full-size or Executive car produced by the French Automaker Renault between 1951 and 1960

As with earlier Renault models, the company made extensive use of motor racing to promote the 4CV, the car winning both the Le Mans 24 Hours and Mille Miglia races as well as the Monte Carlo rally. The 24 Hours of Le Mans ( 24 Heures du Mans) is a sports car endurance race held annually since near the town of Le Mans, Sarthe, The Mille Miglia (Thousand Miles - pronounced 'miʎʎa was an open-road endurance race which took place in Italy twenty-four times from 1927 to 1957 (thirteen The Monte Carlo Rally (officially Rallye Automobile Monte-Carlo) is a Rallying event organized each year by the Automobile Club de Monaco who also organize However, despite the success of its flagship model, the company continued to be blighted by labor unrest, and indeed continued to be well into the 1980s. Labor unrest is a term used by Employers or those generally in the business community and sometimes in a community writ large and of law enforcement personnel to describe

1956 Renault 4CV
1956 Renault 4CV

The 4CV's replacement, the Dauphine, sold extremely well as the company expanded production and sales further abroad, including Africa and North America. The Renault 4CV is an Automobile produced by the French manufacturer Renault from 1946 to 1961 The Renault Dauphine is an Automobile produced by French manufacturer Renault from 1956 to 1967 The car did not sell well in North America and it was outdated by the start of the 1960s. In an attempt to revive its flagging fortunes, Renault launched two cars which were to become phenomenally successful — the Renault 4 and Renault 8 in 1961 and 1962 respectively. The Renault 4, also known as the 4L (pronounced "Quatrelle" which could be heard as "4 wings" in French is a Hatchback Economy car The Renault 8 ( Renault R8 until 1964 and Renault 10 are two Small family cars produced by the French vehicle manufactuer Renault in The R8 continued Renault's traditional rear-engined layout, but the R4 started the revolution to front engined/front wheel drive. R4 production continued until 1992. The larger rear-engined Renault 10 followed the success of the R8, but was the last of the rear-engined Renaults. The company achieved success with the more modern and more upmarket Renault 16 launched in 1966, which continued Renault's reputation for innovation by being the world's first hatchback larger than subcompact size. The Renault 16 is a Large family car with an at first unusual Hatchback body produced by French automaker Renault between 1965 and Hatchback is a term designating an Automobile design containing a passenger cabin with an integrated Cargo space accessed from behind the vehicle by a single A subcompact car is an Automobile in a North American Vehicle size class, encompassing vehicles smaller than Compact cars According to the The smaller Renault 6 followed, in the style of the R16.

Modern era (1972–80)

The new Renault corporate logo introduced in 1972, as part of the major brand revamp carried out to coincide with the launch of the Renault 5 hatchback.
The new Renault corporate logo introduced in 1972, as part of the major brand revamp carried out to coincide with the launch of the Renault 5 hatchback.

The company's compact and economical Renault 5 model, launched in 1972, was another success, particularly in the wake of the 1973 energy crisis. The Renault 5 (also called the R5 was a supermini produced by the French automaker Renault in two generations between 1972 and 1996 The 1973 oil crisis began on October 17 1973 when the members of Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC consisting of the Arab members of The R5 remained in production until 1984 when it was replaced by the Super5. The formula was much the same however, and the Super5 inherited its styling lines from its father (however with a transversal engine, as opposed to the longitudinal engine inherited by the first generation Renault 5 from the Renault 4). Soon after, the four-door Renault 12 model slotted into the Renault range between the R6 and the R16, and introduced a new styling theme. Throughout the '70s the R4, R5, R6, R12 and R16 maintained Renault's production. In the '80s the latter two were replaced by the R9 (and its R11 sedan variation) and the R15/R17 sport coupes. Both the R15/R17 were essentially identical two-door coupes, but while the R15 had a large glassy greenhouse, the R17 had thick pillars behind the doors, with slatted windows, to make it look the sportier of the two.

Endangered like all of the motor industry by the energy crisis, during the mid seventies the already expansive company diversified further into other industries and continued to expand globally, including into South East Asia. The energy crisis also provoked Renault's attempt to reconquer the North American market; despite the Dauphine's success in the United States in the late 1950s, and an unsuccessful car-assembly project in Saint-Bruno-de-Montarville, Quebec, (1964–72), Renault as a stand-alone brand, began to disappear from North America at the end of the '70s. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Saint-Bruno-de-Montarville is an off-island suburb of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada, on the south bank of the Saint Lawrence Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Throughout the decades Renault developed a collaborative partnership with Rambler and its successor American Motors Corporation (AMC). American Motors Corporation (AMC was an American automobile company formed on January 14 1954 by the merger of the Nash-Kelvinator Corporation From 1962 to 1967, Renault assembled complete knock down (CKD) kits of the Rambler Classic sedans in its factory in Belgium. For other uses of the abbreviation see CKD Complete knock down (CKD, is a complete kit needed to assemble a vehicle The Rambler Classic was an intermediate sized automobile that was built and sold by American Motors Corporation (AMC from 1961 to 1966 Renault did not have large or luxury cars in its product line and the "Rambler Renault" was aimed as an alternative to the Mercedes-Benz "Fintail" cars. Mercedes Benz Fintail ( Heckflosse) is a nickname given to certain Mercedes Benz vehicles which show American influences in design including the presence of tailfins Similar to the fate of some of these Mercedes cars at the time, many of these "American" Renaults finished their life working as taxis. A taxicab, also taxi or cab, is a type of Public transport for a single passenger or small group of passengers typically for a non-shared ride Later, Renault would continue to make and sell a hybrid of AMC's Rambler American and Rambler Classic called the Renault Torino in Argentina (sold through IKA-Renault). The Rambler American was an automobile manufactured by the American Motors Corporation (AMC between 1958 and 1969 The Rambler Classic was an intermediate sized automobile that was built and sold by American Motors Corporation (AMC from 1961 to 1966 The Torino is a mid-sized Automobile made by Industrias Kaiser Argentina (IKA under an agreement with American Motors (AMC from 1966 Renault partnered with AMC on other projects, such as development of a rotary concept engine in the late 60s, and would eventually own AMC in 1980.

1965 Renault Rambler sales brochure
1965 Renault Rambler sales brochure

This was one of a series of collaborative ventures undertaken by Renault in the late 1960s and 1970s, as the company established subsidiaries in Eastern Europe, most notably Dacia in Romania, and South America (many of which remain active to the present day) and forged technological cooperation agreements with Volvo and Peugeot (for instance, for the development of the PRV V6 engine, which was used in Renault 30, Peugeot 604, and Volvo 260 in the late 1970s. Dacia ('daʧia is a Romanian car manufacturer named for the historic region that constitutes much of present-day Romania Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Industrias Kaiser Argentina SA or IKA was an Argentine motor company established in 1956 in Córdoba Province as a Joint venture with This article is about Volvo Group - AB Volvo Volvo Cars is the passenger vehicle maker owned by Ford Motor Company, using the Volvo Trademark For the article about the bicycle manufacturer see Cycles Peugeot. The PRV engine is an Automobile petrol V6 Engine that was developed jointly by Peugeot, Renault A V6 engine is a V engine with six cylinders mounted on the Crankcase in two banks of three cylinders The Renault 20 and Renault 30 are two Executive cars produced by the French Automaker Renault between 1975 and 1984 The Peugeot 604 was an Executive car produced by the French manufacturer Peugeot from 1975 to 1985 The Volvo 200 series was a range of Mid-size cars produced by Volvo from 1974 to 1993 with more than 2 ).

In the mid 1960s an Australian arm, Renault Australia, was set up in Heidelberg, Melbourne, the company would produce and assemble models from the R8, R10, R12, R16, sporty R15, R17 coupe's to the R18 and R20, soon the company would close in 1981. Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Interestingly Renault Australia did not just concentrate on Renaults, they also built and marketed Peugeots as well. From 1977, they assembled Ford Cortina station wagons under contract- the loss of this contract led to the closure of the factory. The Ford Cortina is a mid sized family car built by Ford of Britain in various guises from 1962 to 1982

1974 Renault 15 coupe
1974 Renault 15 coupe

In North America, Renault formed a partnership with AMC, loaning AMC operating capital and buying a small percentage of the company in late 1979. The Renault 15 and Renault 17 are two variations of the same Coupé designed and built by French automaker Renault between 1971 and 1980 Jeep was keeping AMC afloat until new products, particularly the XJ Cherokee, could be launched. When the bottom fell out of the 4x4 truck market in early 1980 AMC was in danger of going bankrupt. To protect its investment Renault bailed AMC out with a big cash influx — at the price of a controlling interest in the company — 47. 5%. Renault quickly replaced some top positions in AMC with their own people.

The Renault–AMC partnership also resulted in the marketing of Jeep vehicles in Europe. Jeep is an Automobile Marque (and registered trademark of Chrysler. Some consider the Jeep XJ Cherokee as a joint AMC/Renault project since some early sketches of the XJ series was done as a collaboration of both Renault and AMC engineers (AMC insisted that the XJ Cherokee was designed by AMC personnel; however, a former Renault engineer designed the Quadra-Link front suspension for the XJ series). The Jeep also used wheels and unique rocking seats from Renault. Part of AMC's overall strategy when the partnership was first discussed was to save manufacturing cost by using Renault sourced parts when practical, and some engineering expertise. This led to the improvement of the venerable AMC in-line six — a Renault/Bendix based port electronic fuel injection system (usually called Renix) that transformed it into a modern, competitive powerplant with a jump from 110 hp to 177 hp with less displacement (4. The American Motors Corporation (AMC Straight-6 family of engines was used by a number of AMC and Jeep vehicles from 1964 through 2006 The term Renix has a number of applications In certain carburettor powered Renault and Volvo models it provided an electronic ignition system consisting of an ECU to replace the job 0L vs. 4. 2L).

The Renault-AMC marketing effort in passenger cars was not as successful compared to the popularity for Jeep vehicles. This was because by the time the Renault range was ready to become established in the American market, the second energy crisis was over, taking with it much of the trend for economical, compact cars. The 1979 (or second) oil crisis in the United States occurred in the wake of the Iranian Revolution.

One exception was the Renault Alliance (Renault 9), which debuted for the 1983 model year. The Renault Alliance is a subcompact automobile that was built and marketed in North America by the American Motors Corporation (AMC through its partnership with its majority The Renault 9 and Renault 11 are two Small family cars produced by the French manufacturer Renault between 1981 and 1988 Assembled at AMC's plant in Kenosha, Wisconsin, the Alliance was an instant hit with more economically minded buyers. Kenosha (kəˈnoʊʃə is a city in and the county seat of Kenosha County, United States. Motor Trend gave its domestic Car of The Year award for 1983 to the Alliance, a surprising pick to many. Motor Trend is one of the oldest Automobile magazines still publishing. The Alliance's 72% U. S. content allowed it to qualify as a domestic vehicle, making it the first car with a foreign nameplate to win the award. (In 2000, Motor Trend did away with separate awards for domestic and imported vehicles. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. )

Renault sold some interesting models in the U. S. in the 1980s, especially the simple-looking but fun Renault Alliance GTA and GTA convertible — a real automatic-top convertible with a simple but clean euro-style design featuring a gently sloping hood, as well as a 2. 0 L engine — big for a car of its class; and the ahead-of-its-time Renault Fuego coupe, which generated some excitement. The Renault Fuego is a four-seater three-door Hatchback produced by French automaker Renault from 1980 to 1992 replacing the Renault 15 and 17 coupés The Alliance was followed by the Encore (Renault 11), an Alliance-based hatchback. The Renault Alliance is a subcompact automobile that was built and marketed in North America by the American Motors Corporation (AMC through its partnership with its majority The Renault 9 and Renault 11 are two Small family cars produced by the French manufacturer Renault between 1981 and 1988 This burst of success in the United States proved to be short-lived, though.

Renault's Wisconsin-built and imported models quickly became the target of customer complaints for poor quality, and sales plummeted. Eventually, Renault sold AMC to Chrysler in 1987 after the assassination of Renault’s chairman, Georges Besse. Chrysler LLC is an American Automobile manufacturer that has been producing Automobiles since 1925 Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) Georges Besse ( December 25 1927 in Clermont-Ferrand, France — November 17 1986 in Paris) was a French businessman The Renault Medallion (Renault 21 in Europe) sedan and wagon was sold from 1987 to 1989 through Jeep-Eagle dealerships. Jeep-Eagle was the name of the automobile sales division created by the Chrysler Corporation when it bought the assets of American Motors in 1987 Jeep-Eagle was the new division Chrysler created out of the former American Motors. However, Renault products were no longer imported into the United States after 1989. Rumors have since persisted about Renault's return to the U. S. market; all of them have been unfounded.

A completely new full-sized 4-door sedan, the Eagle Premier, was developed during the partnership between AMC and Renault. A full-size car is a Marketing term used in North America for an Automobile larger than a Mid-size car. The Eagle Premier was an Automobile developed by the American Motors Corporation (AMC and Renault partnership The Premier design, as well as its state-of-the-art manufacturing facility in Bramalea, Ontario, Canada, were the starting point for the sleek LH sedans such as the Eagle Vision and Chrysler 300M. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The LH platform was Chrysler 's second-most well-known Automobile platform after the Chrysler K platform of the 1980s The Eagle Vision was a Full-size, Front-wheel drive Sports sedan. For the 1999 model year DaimlerChrysler revived the 300 name on the 300M.

In the late seventies and early eighties Renault increased its involvement in motorsport, with novel inventions such as turbochargers in their Formula One cars. The company's road car designs were revolutionary also — the Renault Espace was one of the first minivans and was to remain the most well-known minivan in Europe for at least the next two decades. The Renault Espace is a Large MPV from French car-maker Renault. A minivan, multi-purpose vehicle (abbreviated MPV) people-carrier, people-mover or multi-utility vehicle (shortened The second-generation Renault 5, the European Car of the Year-winning Renault 9, and the most luxurious Renault yet, the 25 were all released in the early 1980s, building Renault's reputation, but at the same time the company suffered from poor product quality which reflected badly in the image of the brand and the ill-fated Renault 14 is seen by many as the culmination of these problems in the early 1980s. The Renault 9 and Renault 11 are two Small family cars produced by the French manufacturer Renault between 1981 and 1988 The Renault 25 is an Executive car produced by the French Automaker Renault from 1984 to 1991 The Renault 14 is a Small family car produced by the French manufacturer Renault between 1976 and 1983

Restructuring (1981–95)

1986 Renault 21 berline
1986 Renault 21 berline

Although its cars were somewhat successful both on the road and on the track, Renault was losing a billion francs a month and reported a deficit of 12. The Renault 21 is a Large family car produced by French automaker Renault between 1986 and 1994 5 billion in 1984. The government intervened and Georges Besse was installed as chairman; he set about cutting costs dramatically, selling off many of Renault's non-core assets, withdrawing almost entirely from motorsports, and laying off many employees. Georges Besse ( December 25 1927 in Clermont-Ferrand, France — November 17 1986 in Paris) was a French businessman This succeeded in halving the deficit by 1986, but he was murdered by the left wing terrorist group Action Directe in November 1986. Terrorism is the systematic use of terror especially as a means of coercion Action directe (AD was a French armed group which committed a series of assassinations and violent attacks in France between 1979 and 1987. He was replaced by Raymond Lévy, who continued along the same lines as Besse, slimming down the company considerably with the result that by the end of 1987 the company was more or less financially stable.

A revitalised Renault launched several successful new cars in the early 1990s, including the phenomenally successful 5 replacement the Clio, the second-generation Espace, the innovative Twingo, the Laguna, and the 19. The Renault Clio is a Supermini car produced by the French automobile manufacturer Renault. The Renault Twingo is a City car built by French automaker Renault, first presented at the Paris Motor Show in September 1992 and sold in The Renault Laguna is a Large family car produced by the French manufacturer Renault. The Renault 19 is a Small family car produced by French automaker Renault between 1988 and 2000 In the mid-1990s the successor to the R19, the Renault Mégane, was the first car ever to achieve a 4-star rating, the highest at the time, in EuroNCAP crash test in passenger safety. The European New Car Assessment Programme (Euro NCAP is a European Car safety performance assessment programme founded in 1997 by the Transport Research In 1998 Renault introduced Mégane Scénic, a completely new class of cars, a compact monospace with a footprint of a regular Mégane. The Renault Scénic is a Compact MPV produced by French automaker Renault, the first to be labelled as such in Europe. The return to success on the road was matched by a return to success on the racetrack — Renault-powered cars won the Formula One World Championship in 1992, 1993, 1996 and 1997 with Williams, and in 1995 with Benetton. Not to be confused with Frank Williams Racing Cars, formed by Frank Williams 1967 Benetton Formula Ltd, commonly referred to simply as Benetton, was a Formula One constructor that participated from 1986 to 2001.

Throughout this period, Renault's European advertising famously made extensive use of Robert Palmer's song "Johnny And Mary. "Johnny and Mary" is a song written by Robert Palmer and was recorded in 1980 at Compass Point Studios, New Providence, in the Bahamas " The earlier television advertisements used Palmer's original version, while a range of special recordings in different styles were produced during the 1990s; most famously Martin Taylor's acoustic interpretation which he released on his album Spirit of Django. Taylor recorded many alternate versions for Renault; the last being in 1998 for the launch of the all-new Renault Clio.

Privatization (1996–99)

It was eventually decided that the company's state-owned status was detrimental to its growth, and Renault was privatized in 1996. Privatization is the incidence or process of transferring ownership of business from the Public sector (government to the Private sector (business This new freedom allowed the company to venture once again into Eastern Europe and South America, including a new factory in Brazil and upgrades for the infrastructure in Argentina and Turkey. Eastern Europe is a general term that refers to the Geopolitical region encompassing the easternmost part of the European continent. South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches It also meant the end of the aforementioned successful Formula 1 campaign.

In the twenty-first century, Renault was to foster a reputation for distinctive, outlandish design. The second generation of the Laguna and Mégane featured ambitious, angular designs which turned out to be highly successful. Less successful were the company's more upmarket models. The Avantime, a bizarre coupé / multi-purpose mix vehicle, sold very poorly and was quickly discontinued while the luxury Vel Satis model did not sell as well as hoped. The Renault Avantime was a Coupé Automobile marketed by the French manufacturer Renault (though in fact designed and built by the French manufacturer A minivan, multi-purpose vehicle (abbreviated MPV) people-carrier, people-mover or multi-utility vehicle (shortened The Renault Vel Satis is an mid-size Luxury car or Executive car produced by the French manufacturer Renault. However, the design inspired the lines of the second generation Mégane, the most successful car of the maker. As well as its distinctive styling, Renault was to become known for its car safety; currently, it's the car manufacturer with the largest number of models achieving the maximum 5 star rating in EuroNCAP crash tests. The European New Car Assessment Programme (Euro NCAP is a European Car safety performance assessment programme founded in 1997 by the Transport Research The Laguna was the first Renault to achieve a 5 star rating; in 2004 the Modus was the first to achieve this rating in its category. The Renault Modus is a Mini MPV designed and built by the French automaker Renault in Valladolid, Spain since September 2004

The government of France owns 15. 7 per cent of the company. Louis Schweitzer has been the Chairman of Renault since 1992 and was CEO from 1992 to 2005. Louis Schweitzer may refer to Louis Schweitzer (CEO, chairman and former CEO of Renault Louis Schweitzer (Philanthropist, paper industrialist A chief executive officer ( CEO) or chief executive is typically the highest-ranking corporate officer ( executive) or administrator In 2005, Carlos Ghosn (also CEO of Nissan) became Renault's CEO, with Louis Schweitzer staying on as Chairman. Carlos Ghosn, KBE ( Arabic: كارلوس غصن born 9 March 1954 is a Brazilian - Lebanese businessman

Renault owns Samsung Motors (Renault Samsung Motors) and Dacia, as well as retaining a minority (but controlling) stake (20%) in the Volvo Group. The Samsung Group ( Korean:, Samsung Guerup) is South Korea 's largest company or Chaebol and the world's largest conglomerate Renault Samsung Motors is a South Korean Automobile manufacturer. Dacia ('daʧia is a Romanian car manufacturer named for the historic region that constitutes much of present-day Romania This article is about Volvo Group - AB Volvo Volvo Cars is the passenger vehicle maker owned by Ford Motor Company, using the Volvo Trademark (Volvo passenger cars are now a subsidiary of the Ford Motor Company). Ford Motor Company is an American Multinational corporation and the world's fourth largest automaker based on Worldwide vehicle sales, following Renault bought 99% of the Romanian company Dacia, thus returning after 30 years, in which time the Romanians built over 2 million cars, which primarily consisted of the Renault 8, 12 and 20. Dacia ('daʧia is a Romanian car manufacturer named for the historic region that constitutes much of present-day Romania

The Renault Nissan Alliance (2000– )

2004 Renault Megane II
2004 Renault Megane II

Signed on March 27, 1999, the Renault–Nissan Alliance is the first of its kind involving a Japanese and a French company, each with its own distinct corporate culture and brand identity, linked through cross-shareholding. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Renault has a stake of 44. 4 percent in The Japanese automaker Nissan, while Nissan in turn has a 15 percent stake (non-voting) in Renault.

For 2004 Renault reported a 43% rise in net income to €3. 5 billion and 5. 9% operating margin, of which Nissan contributed €1,767 million. The Group (Renault, Dacia, Renault Samsung Motors) posted a 4. 2% increase in worldwide sales to a record 2,489,401 vehicles, representing a global market share of 4. 1%. Renault retained its position as the leading brand in Europe with 1. 8 million passenger cars and light commercial vehicles sold and market share of 10. 8%.

The Renault–Nissan Alliance represents more dire build and although 9. 8% of the worldwide market (5. 74% for Nissan and 4. 04% for the Renault group) with sales of 3,597,748 (Nissan) and 2,531,500 (Renault Group), placing the alliance fourth after GM, Toyota, and Ford, 2005. [2]

The marketing success was also matched by success of their return to the Formula 1 circuit as a manufacturer again after buying the Benetton team. The team went on to win both World Drivers and Constructors championships in 2005 and 2006 ahead of the vastly more experienced Ferrari and McLaren teams. "F1 2005" redirects here For the video games based on the 2005 Formula One season see F1 05 & F1 Grand Prix. "F1 2006" redirects here For the video games based on the 2006 Formula One season see F1 06 & F1 CE. Scuderia Ferrari is the name for the Gestione Sportiva the division of the Ferrari automobile company concerned with racing McLaren, founded in 1963 by New Zealander Bruce McLaren (1937&ndash1970 is a Formula One team based in Woking, Surrey, UK

Global locations of Renault factories
Global locations of Renault factories

Renault is exhibiting a Hi-Flex Clio 1. The Renault Clio is a Supermini car produced by the French automobile manufacturer Renault. 6 16v at the 2006 Paris International Agricultural Show. Paris International Agricultural Show is one of the world’s largest and most important Agricultural shows drawing larger crowds than any other exposition in Paris except the This vehicle, which addresses the Brazilian market, features Renault-developed flexible-fuel engine technology, with a highly versatile engine that can run on fuel containing petrol and ethanol in any proportion (0% to 100% of either). A flexible-fuel vehicle (FFV or dual-fuel vehicle ( Colloquially called a flex-fuel vehicle) is an alternative fuel Automobile or

On June 30, 2006, the media reported that General Motors convened an emergency board meeting to discuss a proposal by shareholder Kirk Kerkorian to form an alliance between GM and Renault-Nissan. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. Kerkor "Kirk" Kerkorian (born June 6, 1917) is an Armenian-American Billionaire, and president/ CEO of Tracinda The hastily arranged meeting suggests that GM's board was treating Kerkorian's proposal with urgency. Coincidentally, unsubstantiated rumours have been circulating about Renault's possible return to the U. S. market. There has been speculation that a GM–Renault–Nissan alliance could pave the way for Renault's return to the U. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. S. market, since GM could eliminate some of its less profitable brands, and offer Renault franchises to dealerships that would otherwise close. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States.

However, GM CEO Richard Wagner felt that an alliance would benefit Renault's shareholders more than those of GM, and that GM should receive some compensation for it. This did not sit well with Renault; subsequently, talks between GM and Renault ended on October 4, 2006. Events 610 - Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

Investment in VAZ

On February 29, 2008, Renault acquired a blocking stake in largest Russian automaker VAZ. Leap years Although the modern calendar counts a year as 365 days a complete revolution around the sun takes approximately 365 days and 6 hours 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common AvtoVAZ ( (АвтоВАЗ is a Russian Automobile manufacturer, also known as VAZ, Volzhsky Long in the need to modernize its technology, VAZ was seeking for strategical partnership since the late nineties. Its owners tried to form an alliance with various foreign auto manufacturers, such as General Motors. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. Most of these attempts weren't all that successful, however, and generally fell through.

Renault was in talks with VAZ on and off since 2005, initially insisting on CKD assembly of Logan cars on its facilities, while VAZ intended to keep its own Lada brand and only wishing to acquire a new platform and engine. The Logan is a no-frills car produced jointly by the French manufacturer Renault and its subsidiary Dacia of Romania. Lada is the Trademark of AvtoVAZ, a Russian car manufacturer in Togliatti, ( Samara Oblast or province After several rounds of talks, between which VAZ also sought alliance with Fiat and Magna, Renault agreed to the partnership term not unlike earlier Nissan deal. Fiat SpA (an Acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino (Italian Automobile Factory of Turin) is an Italian automobile manufacturer

Renault and VAZ major stockholder, state corporation Rosoboronexport, are to form a holding, jointly owning 50% share in VAZ, with French side receiving several key positions in a management structure, such as Chief Operational Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Engineer. JSC Rosoboronexport ( Russian: OAO Рособоронэкспорт is the sole state intermediary agency for Russia 's exports/imports of defense–related In return, Renault is to supply a new platform for Lada brand and assist in plant's modernization.

Corporate governance

Current members of the board of directors of Renault are:

Timeline

The same year, Renault and Nissan engaged talkes with General Motors to study a potential alliance. This approach was finally abandoned due to the fact that GM asked for money as "entry ticket" from Renault. Renault F1 win the constructors world championship as well as the drivers championship for the second year in succession.

Renault in the UK

The first popular Renault motor vehicles to achieve sustained sales success in the United Kingdom were the R5 mini-car and R18, both of which attained six-digit sales figures during the late 1970s and early 1980s, although they failed to achieve anything like the volumes of established carmakers Ford, Vauxhall and Austin Rover. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Renault 5 (also called the R5 was a supermini produced by the French automaker Renault in two generations between 1972 and 1996 The Renault 18 is a Large family car produced by French manufacturer Renault between 1978 and 1993 (with production for European markets finishing in 1986 This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. Ford Motor Company is an American Multinational corporation and the world's fourth largest automaker based on Worldwide vehicle sales, following Vauxhall Motors is a British automobile company It is a subsidiary of General Motors Corporation (GM and is part of GM Europe. The Austin Rover Group ( ARG) was a British motor manufacturer

Renault enjoyed a huge rise in popularity among British buyers on the arrival of the Clio supermini in early 1991. The Renault Clio is a Supermini car produced by the French automobile manufacturer Renault. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. It was regularly among Britain's most popular cars each year during the 1990s and its successor (launched in 1998 alongside the final installment of the successful 'Nicole and Papa' advertising campaign), where the original model left off. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) The sedan/saloon version, called Thalia, was not launched in the UK.

Renault went from strength to strength in the UK during the 2000s following the introduction of its distinctively-styled Mégane hatchback in November 2002. Events in November All Saints' Day (formerly All Hallows Day a Christian holy day is celebrated on November 1, the day after Halloween See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Any suggestions that its quirky styling would not fit in with the tastes of British buyers were quickly confounded in 2005 when it was the fourth best selling car in Britain. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Renault also helps produce cars known now as Nissan.

In 2006, it was the third most popular brand of car in the United Kingdom. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Only Ford and Vauxhall sold more units.

Environmental Record

Renault is currently collaborating with a California firm named Project Better Place to produce a network of all-electric cars and thousands of charging stations in Denmark and Israel. The company hopes to achieve this with the use of lithium-ion technology. The plan is said to be operational by 2011. [3]

Renault introduced a new line of eco-friendly vehicles in 2007 marked eco². A minimum of 5% recycled plastic is used in all models and at the end of the vehicles life the remains are 95% reusable. Also, eco² line’s CO2 emissions do not exceed 140g/km or are biofuel compatible. [4]

At the 2008 Fleet World Honours, Renault was rewarded with the prestigious Environment Award. The judges in the event were made up experts in the industry including members of the leasing industry, fleet managers, representitives from residual value guides, and Fleet World’s editorial team. The chairman of Judges, George Emmerson, commented, “This was the most hotly contested category in the history of the Fleet World Honours, such is the clamour for organizations’ green credentials to be recognized. There were some very impressive entries, but the panel felt that Renault’s impressive range of low-emission vehicles was the most tangible, and the most quantifiable. [5]

List of vehicles

Main article: List of Renault vehicles

Current model line up:

Renault Laguna was the first medium-size car to obtain five-star rating, as well as the Modus and Megane in its own category.

Alternative propulsion

Israeli and Jordanian officials and executives are reported to be in discussions with executives from Renault-Nissan about setting up Israeli-Jordanian factory, in an agreement with Project Better Place, to make environmentally-friendly electric cars. An electric car is a type of alternative fuel Car that utilizes Electric motors and Motor controllers instead of an Internal combustion engine Renault is working on development of exchangeable batteries. [6]

The electric cars, to be made in Europe, will run on a battery developed by Nissan and Japan's NEC and will be available in 2011. is a Japanese multinational IT company headquartered in Minato Tokyo, Japan. A prototype is already on the road in Israel and various models will be sold by Renault and Nissan. The car would cost the same or less than comparable gasoline engine autos and would have a lifetime warranty. Renault want mass market 10,000 to 20,000 cars a year in Israel. [7]

Carlos Ghosn says the electric version of the Mégane saloon that Renault is building for Israel will come with a lifetime warranty, and payment will follow the model established by the mobile-phone industry. Carlos Ghosn, KBE ( Arabic: كارلوس غصن born 9 March 1954 is a Brazilian - Lebanese businessman After buying the car, owners will subscribe to a battery-replacement and charging plan based on their anticipated mileage. Recharging will be done at one of 500,000 spots that Project Better Place will build and maintain. [8]

Also the Renault-Nissan group is in the PHEV Research Center. The PHEV Research Center (or Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Center) in the University of California Davis provides technology and policy guidance to the state and Nissan is also hedging its bets by developing both a "parallel hybrid" system (akin to that found in the Toyota Prius) and a plug-in "series hybrid" similar to the Chevy Volt. The Toyota Prius is a hybrid electric Mid-size car developed and manufactured by the Toyota Motor Corporation The Chevrolet Volt is a plug-in series hybrid vehicle by General Motors, with production But it favours the all-electric approach, even though it will be a tough sell, says Mr Lane. As for Mr Ghosn, he has no doubts. "We must have zero-emission vehicles," he says. "Nothing else will prevent the world from exploding. " [9]

Motorsport

Fernando Alonso driving for Renault F1 at Indianapolis in 2005, the year in which the team won their first Formula One championship.
Fernando Alonso driving for Renault F1 at Indianapolis in 2005, the year in which the team won their first Formula One championship. Fernando Alonso Díaz (born July 29, 1981 in Oviedo, Spain) is a Spanish Formula One racing driver and a two-time The Indianapolis Motor Speedway, located in Speedway Indiana (an Enclave of Indianapolis) in the United States, is the home of the The 2005 United States Grand Prix was one of the most controversial
Main article: Renault F1
Main article: Renault Sport

Motorsport has long been recognised as an effective marketing tool for automobile manufacturers. 1970s and 1980s 1977 Renault first involvement in Formula One was made by the Renault Sport subsidiary Renault Sport Technologies (commonly known as Renault Sport, Renaultsport or RST is the France Motorsport division of In the late seventies and early eighties, Renault began to involve itself more heavily in motorsport, setting up a dedicated motorsport division called Renault Sport, and winning the Le Mans 24 Hours (with the Renault Alpine A442, built in collaboration with newly-acquired Alpine) while achieving success in both rallying (with the Renault 5 Turbo) and Formula One. Renault Sport Technologies (commonly known as Renault Sport, Renaultsport or RST is the France Motorsport division of The 24 Hours of Le Mans ( 24 Heures du Mans) is a sports car endurance race held annually since near the town of Le Mans, Sarthe, The Renault Alpine A442 is a sports prototype Racing car, designed and built by Alpine, but funded and powered by Alpine's owners Renault, specifically Alpine is also the name of car models produced by Sunbeam and Chrysler. The Renault 5 Turbo or R5 Turbo is a high-performance Hatchback Automobile that was produced by the French manufacturer Renault Initially, Renault's entry into Formula One in 1977 was ridiculed when the team's first design included such curiosities as a turbocharger. A turbocharger, or turbo, is an air Compressor used for forced-induction of an Internal combustion engine. However, the team was to win their first race on home soil in Dijon a mere two years later and by the early eighties, every front-running Formula One team used turbochargers. Dijon ( diʒɔ̃ is a city in eastern France, the capital of the Côte-d'Or departement and of the Bourgogne region

Renault also took over the Benetton F1 team in 2001, and quickly became very competitive, Fernando Alonso winning Renault's first race in its second incarnation at the 2003 Hungarian Grand Prix. Fernando Alonso Díaz (born July 29, 1981 in Oviedo, Spain) is a Spanish Formula One racing driver and a two-time The 2003 Hungarian Grand Prix was a Formula One race held on August 24, 2003 at the Hungaroring. 2004 saw the Renault team finish a close third in the Constructors' Championship and in 2005 the team won both Constructors' and Drivers' titles (with Fernando Alonso). In 2006 Renault repeated its success of the previous year, again claiming both the Constructors' and Drivers' titles (again with Fernando Alonso before his departure to McLaren in 2007).

Questions have been raised regarding Renault's commitment to its Formula One team, particularly with the appointment of Carlos Ghosn as CEO. However at the 2005 French Grand Prix Ghosn set out his policy regarding the company's involvement in motorsport:

"We are not in Formula One out of habit or tradition. The 2005 French Grand Prix was a Formula One race held on July 1 July 3, 2005, at Magny-Cours. We're here to show our talent and that we can do it properly… Formula One is a cost if you don't get the results. Formula One is an investment if you do have them and know how to exploit them. "

In short he will continue Renault's investment in F1 as long as the team is successful and can use the resulting publicity for wider commercial gain. Conversely if the team is unsuccessful in future it can be expected that Ghosn will withdraw resources from the sport.

In 2006 Carlos Ghosn finally announced that the team would stay in F1 in the long term (at least until 2012) putting an end to the rumors.

Accolades

Renault cars have performed well in the European Car of the Year awards. The European Car of the Year award was established in 1964 by a collective of automobile magazines from different countries in Europe. The Clio is the only car since the prize's conception in 1964 to win the award twice. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar.

The Renault 12 (1970), Renault 5 (1972), Renault 20 (1976), Renault 25 (1985) and Renault Laguna (2002) have all achieved runners-up in spot in the competition. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. The Renault 16 is a Large family car with an at first unusual Hatchback body produced by French automaker Renault between 1965 and Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) The Renault 9 and Renault 11 are two Small family cars produced by the French manufacturer Renault between 1981 and 1988 Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. The Renault Clio is a Supermini car produced by the French automobile manufacturer Renault. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar The Renault Scénic is a Compact MPV produced by French automaker Renault, the first to be labelled as such in Europe. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Renault Clio is a Supermini car produced by the French automobile manufacturer Renault. The Renault 12 was a small family car produced by French automaker Renault between 1969 and 1980 The Renault 5 (also called the R5 was a supermini produced by the French automaker Renault in two generations between 1972 and 1996 The Renault 20 and Renault 30 are two Executive cars produced by the French Automaker Renault between 1975 and 1984 The Renault 25 is an Executive car produced by the French Automaker Renault from 1984 to 1991 The Renault Laguna is a Large family car produced by the French manufacturer Renault. Renaults most recent models are well known for their safety, all but 4 of the current models have achieved the maximum 5-star rating by the EuroNCAP crash-test assessment programme. The European New Car Assessment Programme (Euro NCAP is a European Car safety performance assessment programme founded in 1997 by the Transport Research Renault has regularly topped the French car sales charts, fighting off fierce competition from Citroën and Peugeot. Citroën (pronounced See-Troh-Enn is a French Automobile manufacturer, founded in 1919 by André Citroën. For the article about the bicycle manufacturer see Cycles Peugeot.

Overseas Accolades

Wheels magazine has announced its Car of the Year every year since 1963, with the exception of 1972, 1979 and 1986 when no cars were considered worthy of the honour. Wheels magazine is an Australian Automotive Magazine published monthly by ACP Magazines. Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. It is considered Australia's most prestigious automotive award. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Wheels Magazine itself contends that its Car of the Year award remains the oldest continuous award of its kind in the world.

The inaugural Australian Wheels Car of the Year award was won by the R8 in 1963 (particularly in consideration to its four wheel disc brake system), and Renault won again in 1970 when the Renault 12 won the prestigious award. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. ''Wheels'' magazine has announced its Car of the Year every year since 1963, with the exception of 1972, 1979 and 1986 when no cars were considered worthy The disc brake or disk brake is a device for slowing or stopping the rotation of a Wheel. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Renault 12 was a small family car produced by French automaker Renault between 1969 and 1980

Typeface

Both the Renault logo and its documentation (technical as well as commercial) had used a specially designed typeface called Renault, developed by British firm Wolff Olins. In Typography, a typeface is a set of one or more Fonts designed with stylistic unity each comprising a coordinated set of Glyphs A typeface usually comprises This type family is said to have been designed not for prestige reasons, but mainly to save costs at a time where the use of typefaces was more costly than it is now.

In 2004, French typeface designer Jean-François Porchez was commissioned to design a replacement. In Typography, a typeface is a set of one or more Fonts designed with stylistic unity each comprising a coordinated set of Glyphs A typeface usually comprises A designer is a person who designs something Perhaps the broadest definition is that provided by Herbert Simon: ‘Everyone designs who devises courses of action aimed at changing Jean François Porchez (born in 1964) was president of ATypI (Association Typographique Internationale the leading organisation of type designers from 2004 This was shown in October of that year and is called Renault Identité.

Miscellanea

Pronunciation

When its cars were exported to the United States during the 1950s and 1960s, the name was commonly mispronounced as "Ren-alt" to and by the American public, and the Americanized pronunciation continues in common usage, though the original French has gained significant ground over recent years. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Presently in the United Kingdom it is also incorrectly pronounced as "Reh-no". The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The correct pronunciation is "Ruh-no".

See also

Models

References

  1. ^ 100 years in the driving seat: Renault celebrates a century of Grand Prix Victories. Renault Sport Technologies (commonly known as Renault Sport, Renaultsport or RST is the France Motorsport division of The Renault Clio is a Supermini car produced by the French automobile manufacturer Renault. The Renault Clio Renault Sport or Clio RS is a Hot hatch produced since 1999 by Renault Sport, the high-performance division of French automaker The Renault Clio V6 Renault Sport is a Hot hatch designed and built by French automaker Renault. The Renault Clio is a Supermini car produced by the French automobile manufacturer Renault. The Mégane Renault Sport or Mégane RS is a Hot hatch designed and built by French automaker Renault since 2004 Renault UK. Retrieved on 2008-03-01. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant
  2. ^ http://www.daciagroup.com/eKontentDaciaXFiles/home_en/entreprise/lalliance_renault-nissan/the_renault-nissan_alliance/index.html
  3. ^ "Renault Bets on Electric". The Independant. May 14, 2008. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Accessed May 15, 2008. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
  4. ^ "Renault launches its 'Renault eco²' line of vehicles". Easier. com. May 11, 2007. Events 330 - Byzantium is renamed ''Nova Roma'' during a dedication ceremony but is more popularly referred to as Constantinople Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Accessed May 15, 2008. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
  5. ^ "Renault scoops environment award in 2008 Fleet World Honours". Easier. com. May 14, 2008. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Accessed May 15, 2008. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
  6. ^ http://www.eetimes.eu/france/199700777?cid=RSSfeed_eetimesEU_france , http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/46560/story.htm , http://www.projectbetterplace.com/press-room/press-releases/renault-nissan-and-project-better-place-prepare-first-mass-produced-electr
  7. ^ Planet Ark : Renault to Develop Electric Cars for Israel
  8. ^ http://www6.lexisnexis.com/publisher/EndUser?Action=UserDisplayFullDocument&orgId=101846&topicId=103840033&docId=l:788745319
  9. ^ http://www6.lexisnexis.com/publisher/EndUser?Action=UserDisplayFullDocument&orgId=101846&topicId=103840033&docId=l:788745319

External links

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Renault forums

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