Red
— Spectral coordinates —
Wavelength		~625-740[1] nm
Frequency		~480-405 THz
— Commonly represents —
aggression, stop, courage, guilt, energy, passion, anger, fire, socialism, sacrifice, sin, violence, negative, and warning
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#FF0000
sRGBB	(r, g, b)	(255, 0, 0)
HSV	(h, s, v)	(0° or 360°, 100%, 100%)
Source		Visible spectrum[2] HTML/CSS[3]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 625–740 nm. A spectral color is a color that is evoked by a single Wavelength of Light in the Visible spectrum, or by a relatively narrow band of wavelengths In Physics wavelength is the distance between repeating units of a propagating Wave of a given Frequency. A nanometre ( American spelling: nanometer, symbol nm) ( Greek: νάνος nanos dwarf; μετρώ metrό count) is a Frequency is a measure of the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit Time. Electromagnetic waves sent at terahertz frequencies, known as terahertz radiation, submillimeter radiation, terahertz waves, terahertz In Psychology and other social and Behavioral sciences aggression refers to behavior that is intended to cause harm Gallantry redirects here Or see Gallant for other meanings Courage, also known as bravery, will, intrepidity ---- Guilt is the Fact, state or Verdict (by a Court or other Tribunal) of an Offence, Crime, Violation In Physics and other Sciences energy (from the Greek grc ἐνέργεια - Energeia, "activity operation" from grc ἐνεργός Passion (from the Latin patior, meaning to suffer or to endure is an emotion of feeling very strongly about a person Anger is an emotional state that may range from minor irritation to intense rage Fire is the heat and light energy released during a Chemical reaction, in particular a combustion reaction. Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution Sacrifice (from a Middle English verb meaning "to make sacred" from Old French, from Latin sacrificium: sacr, "sacred" Sin is a term used mainly in a religious context to describe an act that violates a moral Rule, or the state of having committed such a violation Violence is the exertion of force so as to injure or abuse The word is used broadly to describe the destructive action of natural phenomena like Storms and Earthquakes Web colors are Colors used in designing web pages and the methods for describing and specifying those colors sRGB is a standard RGB (Red Green Blue color space created cooperatively by HP and Microsoft for use on monitors printers and the Internet Green is a Color, the perception of which is evoked by light having a spectrum dominated by energy with a Wavelength of roughly 520–570- nm. Blue is a Colour, the Perception of which is evoked by HSL and HSV are two related representations of points in an RGB color space, which attempt to describe perceptual color relationships more accurately than Hue is one of the main properties of a Color described with names such as " Red " " Yellow " etc In Colorimetry and Color theory, colorfulness, chroma, and saturation are related but distinct concepts referring to the perceived intensity Brightness is an attribute of Visual perception in which a source appears to emit or reflect a given amount of Light. Web colors are Colors used in designing web pages and the methods for describing and specifying those colors Light, or visible light, is Electromagnetic radiation of a Wavelength that is visible to the Human eye (about 400–700 A nanometre ( American spelling: nanometer, symbol nm) ( Greek: νάνος nanos dwarf; μετρώ metrό count) is a Longer wavelengths than this are called infrared, or below red and cannot be seen by the naked human eye. Infrared ( IR) radiation is Electromagnetic radiation whose Wavelength is longer than that of Visible light, but shorter than that of The naked eye is a Figure of speech referring to human Visual perception that is unaided by enhancing equipment such as a Telescope or Red is used as one of the additive primary colors of light, complementary to cyan, in RGB color systems. Primary colors are sets of Colors that can be combined to make a useful range ( Gamut) of colors Cyan (saɪæn from Greek κυανός / kyanos, meaning "blue" may be used as the name of any of a number of a range of colors in the blue/green part of Red is also one of the subtractive primary colors of RYB color space but not CMYK color space. RYB (an abbreviation of red-yellow-blue is a historical set of subtractive Primary colors It is primarily used in art and design education particularly CMYK (short for '''c'''yan, '''m'''agenta, '''y'''ellow, and k ey ( Black) and often referred to as process color

In human color psychology, red is associated with heat, energy and blood, and emotions that stir the blood, including anger, passion, and love. For the physiological perception of color see Color and Color vision. In Physics, heat, symbolized by Q, is Energy transferred from one body or system to another due to a difference in Temperature In Physics and other Sciences energy (from the Greek grc ἐνέργεια - Energeia, "activity operation" from grc ἐνεργός Blood is a specialized Bodily fluid that delivers necessary substances to the body's cells ��such as nutrients and oxygen—and transports Waste products Anger is an emotional state that may range from minor irritation to intense rage Passion (from the Latin patior, meaning to suffer or to endure is an emotion of feeling very strongly about a person Love is any of a number of Emotions and experiences related to a sense of strong Affection. ^[4]

Etymology and definitions

The word red comes from the Old English rēad. ^[5] Further back, the word can be traced to the Proto-Germanic rauthaz and the Proto-Indo European root reudh-. Proto-Germanic, or Common Germanic, is the hypothetical common ancestor ( Proto-language) of all the Germanic languages such as modern English This is the only color word which has been traced to an Indo-European root. ^[6] In the English language, the word red is associated with the color of blood, certain flowers (i. e. roses), and ripe fruits (i. e. apples, cherries). Fire is also strongly connected, as is the sun and the sky at sunset. Fire is the heat and light energy released during a Chemical reaction, in particular a combustion reaction. Healthy people are often said to have a redness touch to their skin color (as opposed to be appearing pale). After the rise of socialism in the mid-19th century, red was to describe revolutionary movements. Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution The word is also obviously associated with anything of the color occupying the lower end of the visible light spectrum, such as red hair or red soil. Red Indians is a British term for Native Americans, American terms for this ethnic group include redskin, redhead and red man, though they are not the preferred terms. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States ^[7]

In science

Artificial red poppies

Colorimetry and color science

Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 630–700 nm. Light, or visible light, is Electromagnetic radiation of a Wavelength that is visible to the Human eye (about 400–700 A nanometre ( American spelling: nanometer, symbol nm) ( Greek: νάνος nanos dwarf; μετρώ metrό count) is a ^[8] Longer wavelengths than this are called infrared, or below red and cannot be seen by human eyes. Infrared ( IR) radiation is Electromagnetic radiation whose Wavelength is longer than that of Visible light, but shorter than that of ^[9] Red lasers, used in early compact disc technologies, are being replaced by blue lasers, as red's long wavelength causes the laser's recordings to take up more space on the disc than blue lasers. A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an Optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio ^[10] Red light is used to preserve night vision in low-light or night-time situations, as the rod cells in the human eye aren't sensitive to red. An adaptation is a characteristic of an Organism that has been favored by Natural selection and Night or nighttime is the period of Time when the Sun is below the Horizon. Rod cells, or rods, are Photoreceptor cells in the Retina of the Eye that can function in less intense Light than can the other type Eyes are organs that detect Light, and send signals along the Optic nerve to the visual areas of the brain ^[11] Red is used as one of the additive primary colors of light, complementary to cyan, in RGB color systems. Primary colors are sets of Colors that can be combined to make a useful range ( Gamut) of colors Cyan (saɪæn from Greek κυανός / kyanos, meaning "blue" may be used as the name of any of a number of a range of colors in the blue/green part of Red is also one of the subtractive primary colors of RYB color space but not CMYK color space. RYB (an abbreviation of red-yellow-blue is a historical set of subtractive Primary colors It is primarily used in art and design education particularly CMYK (short for '''c'''yan, '''m'''agenta, '''y'''ellow, and k ey ( Black) and often referred to as process color ^[12]

One common use of red as an additive primary color is in the RGB color model. Because "red" is not by itself standardized, color mixtures based on red are not exact specifications of color either. In order to produce exact colors the color red needs to be defined in terms of an absolute color space such as sRGB. In Color science, there are two meanings of the term absolute color space: A Color space in which the perceptual difference between colors is directly sRGB is a standard RGB (Red Green Blue color space created cooperatively by HP and Microsoft for use on monitors printers and the Internet As used in computer monitors and television screens, red is very variable, but some systems may apply color correction (so that a standardized "red" is produced that is not in fact full intensity of only the red colorant).

A red filter used in black and white photography increases contrast in most scenes. In Photography, a filter is a Camera accessory consisting of an optical filter that can be inserted in the optical path Black-and-white is a number of Monochrome forms in Visual arts. Photography (fә'tɒgrәfi or fә'tɑːgrәfi (from Greek φωτο and γραφία is the process and Art of recording pictures by means of capturing For example, combined with a polarizer, it can turn the sky black. Films simulating the effects of infrared film (such as Ilford's SFX 200) do so by being much more sensitive to red than to other colors. Ilford is a district of the London Borough of Redbridge. It is a suburban development situated east north-east of Charing Cross and one the major metropolitan centres Red illumination was (and sometimes still is) used as a "safelight" while working in a darkroom, as it does not expose most photographic paper and some films. Safelight is light used in a photographic Darkroom and is designed to provide illumination without that part of the light spectrum to which the material in use is sensitive A darkroom is a workspace usually a separate area in a building or a vehicle made dark to allow Photographers to use Light -sensitive materials to develop film Though many more modern darkrooms use an amber safelight, red illumination is closely associated with the darkroom in the public mind. Amber is an orange - Yellow Color that got its name from the material known as Amber.

In nature

Betelgeuse, one of the class M stars

In astronomy, stars of stellar class M (the stars with the coolest temperature) are classified as red stars. Betelgeuse (ˈbiːtəldʒuːz or /ˈbɛtəldʒuːz/ ( α Ori α Orionis Alpha Orionis is a Semiregular variable star located 640 Light-years away from A star is a massive luminous ball of plasma. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the Energy on Earth In Astronomy, stellar classification is a classification of Stars based initially on photospheric temperature and its associated Spectral characteristics Mars is called the Red Planet because of the reddish color imparted to its surface by the abundant iron oxide present there. Altogether there are sixteen known Iron Oxides and oxyhydroxides Astronomical objects which are moving away from the observer exhibit a red shift. In Physics and Astronomy, redshift occurs when Electromagnetic radiation – usually Visible light – emitted or reflected by Jupiter's surface displays a Great Red Spot, a football-shaped area south of the planet's equator. The equator (sometimes referred to colloquially as "the Line") is the intersection of the Earth 's surface with the plane perpendicular to the Astronomers believe the spot to be some kind of storm.

Red blood cells on agar plates

Oxygenated blood is red due to the presence of oxygenated hemoglobin. An agar plate is a sterile Petri dish that contains a Growth medium (typically Agar plus nutrients used to culture Microorganisms Blood is a specialized Bodily fluid that delivers necessary substances to the body's cells ��such as nutrients and oxygen—and transports Waste products Hemoglobin ( also spelled haemoglobin and abbreviated Hb or Hgb) is the Iron -containing Oxygen -transport Metalloprotein Red light is the first to be absorbed by sea water, so that many fish and marine invertebrates that appear bright red are black in their native habitat. Black is the Color of objects that do not emit or Reflect Light in any part of the Visible spectrum; they absorb all such frequencies of When used about animal coloration red usually refers to a brownish, reddish-brown or ginger color. In this sense it is used to describe coat colors of reddish-brown cattle and dogs, and in the names of various animal species or breeds such as red fox, red squirrel, red deer, Robin Redbreast, Red Grouse, Red Knot, Redstart, Redwing, Red Setter, Red Devon cattle etc. Cattle, colloquially referred to as cows, are domesticated Ungulates a member of the Subfamily Bovinae of the family The dog ( Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated Subspecies of the gray wolf, a Mammal of the Canidae family of the order In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank. See Breed (song for the song by Nirvana. See Breed (video game for the video game by Brat Designs The Red Fox ( Vulpes vulpes) is a Mammal of the order Carnivora. The red squirrel or Eurasian red squirrel ( Sciurus vulgaris) is a Species of Tree squirrel ( Genus Sciurus The Red Deer ( Cervus elaphus) is one of the largest Deer species The European Robin ( Erithacus rubecula) or in Anglophone Europe, simply Robin, is a small Insectivorous Passerine The Red Grouse ( Lagopus lagopus scotica) is a medium sized bird of the Grouse family which is found in Heather Moorland in Great Britain Redstarts are a group of small Old World birds They were formerly classified in the thrush family ( Turdidae) but are more often now treated as part The Redwing ( Turdus iliacus) is a Bird in the thrush family Turdidae native to Europe and Asia, slightly smaller than the related The usage for animal color appears similar to that for red ochre, red hair and Red Indian. Red ochre and yellow ochre (pronounced /'əʊkə/ from the Greek ὄχρος yellow are Pigments made from naturally tinted Clay. This article is about people with red hair also sometimes called redheads For indigenous peoples in the United States other than Hawaii and Alaska see also Native Americans in the United States. Interestingly red appears to be rarely used in names of animals which are a brighter blood-red or scarlet color (Carmine Bee-eater, Scarlet Tanager). The Southern Carmine Bee-eater ( Merops nubicoides) (formerly Carmine Bee-eater occurs across sub-equatorial Africa, ranging from Zululand The Scarlet Tanager, Piranga olivacea, is a medium-sized American Songbird. When used for flowers, red often refers to purplish (red deadnettle, red clover, red helleborine) or pink (red campion, red valerian) colors. Red Deadnettle or Purple Deadnettle ( Lamium purpureum) is a herbaceous Flowering plant native to Europe and Asia. Trifolium pratense ( Red Clover) is a species of Clover, native to Europe, western Asia and northwest Africa, but planted Red Helleborine ( Cephalanthera rubra) is a plant in the Orchid family. Red campion ( Silene dioica, syn Melandrium rubrum) is a Flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae, native throughout Centranthus ruber, also called Valerian or Red valerian is a popular garden flower

Symbolism

Sin, guilt, passion and anger

Red-light district in Amsterdam

Red is frequently used as a symbol of guilt, sin and anger, often as connected with blood or sex. ^[13] A biblical example is found in Isaiah: "Though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be white as snow. "^[14] Also, The Scarlet Letter an 1850 American novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne, features a woman in a Puritan New England community who is punished for adultery with ostracism, her sin represented by a red letter 'A' sewn into her clothes. The Scarlet Letter is the Magnum opus of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Nathaniel Hawthorne (born Nathaniel Hathorne; July 4 1804 – May 19 1864 was an American novelist and Short story writer A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of Worship and Doctrine, History See also History of New England New England's earliest inhabitants were Algonquian -speaking Native Americans including the Adultery is the voluntary Sexual intercourse between a married person and another person who is not his or her Spouse, though in many places it is Ostracism ( ostrakismos) was a procedure under the Athenian democracy in which a prominent Citizen could be expelled from the City-state ^[15] This all comes from a general Hebrew view inherited by Christianity which associates red with the blood of murder, as well as with guilt in general. ^[16] Another popular example of this is in the phrase "caught red-handed", meaning either caught in an act of crime or caught with the blood of murder still on one's hands. ^[7] At one point, red was associated with prostitutes, or now, with brothels (red-light districts). Prostitution is the act of performing Sexual activity in exchange for Money. A red-light district is a neighborhood where Prostitution and other businesses in the Sex industry flourish ^[17][18] Statistics have shown that red cars are more likely to be involved in accidents. ^[19] Red may also represent the deadly sin wrath. The seven deadly sins, also known as the capital vices or cardinal sins, are a classification of Vices that were originally used in early Christian Satan is usually depicted as colored red and/or wearing a red costume in both iconography and popular culture. Satan, ( Standard Hebrew Satan'el, English accuser) is a term that originates from the Abrahamic faiths, being traditionally ^[20]

The color red is associated with lust, passion, love, and beauty as well. The association with love and beauty is possibly related to the use of red roses as a love symbol. ^[21] Both the Greeks and the Hebrews considered red a symbol of love, as well as sacrifice. ^[22]

Courage and sacrifice

Red is also used as a symbol of courage and sacrifice, as in blood spilt in sacrifice or courage in the face of lethal danger. ^[23] Examples of this are found in the flags of many nations including the United States, as well as in the novel The Red Badge of Courage, in which a soldier in the American Civil War discovers the meaning of courage. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Red Badge of Courage is a 1895 War novel by American author Stephen Crane. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South ^[24] Besides the association with guilt previously mentioned, in Christianity, red represents the color of Christian martyrs who suffered death for their faith. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings The term martyr ( Greek μάρτυς martys "witness" is most commonly used today to describe an individual who sacrifices their life (or personal freedom It is sometimes used for Holy Thursday and during Eastertide. In the Christian Liturgical calendar, Maundy Thursday (also known as Holy Thursday) is the feast or holy day falling on the Thursday before Easter Eastertide, or the Easter Season, or Paschal Time, is the period of fifty days from Easter Sunday to Pentecost Sunday In Roman Catholic tradition it is used for all feast days of Christian martyrs as well as Palm Sunday in anticipation of the death of Jesus. Palm Sunday is a Christian Moveable feast which always falls on the Sunday before Easter. ^[20] Along the same lines, red is associated in Roman mythology with the god of war, Mars. Roman mythology, or more appropriately Latin mythology, refers to the mythological beliefs of the Italic people inhabiting the region of Latium and its Mars was the Roman Warrior god, the son of Juno and Jupiter, husband of Bellona, and the lover of Venus. ^[23] A Roman general receiving a triumph had his entire body painted red in honor of his achievement. A Roman triumph ( la [[wikttriumphus triumphus]], Old Latin la triumpus, attested as the exclamation la TRIVMPE in the Carmen Arvale; via ^[25] The phrase "red-blooded" describes someone who is audacious, robust, or virile. ^[7] In English heraldry, red (called gules) denoted ardent affection or love, while crimson (blood-color) stood for boldness, enthusiasm, or impetuosity. Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. In Heraldry, gules (pronounced with a hard 'g' is the tincture with the colour Red, and belongs to the class of dark tinctures called "colours" ^[26] Psychics who claim to be able to observe the aura with their third eye report that someone with a red aura is typically someone who is in an occupation requiring vibrant health and vigorous physical exertion, such as a professional sportsperson, a personal trainer, or a manual laborer. The word psychic (ˈsaɪkɨk from the Greek psychikos—"of the soul mental" refers to the claimed ability to perceive things hidden from the normal senses In Parapsychology and many forms of spiritual practice an aura is a field of subtle luminous radiation surrounding a person or object like the Halo or The third eye (also known as the inner eye) is a mystical and esoteric concept referring in part to the Ajna (brow Chakra in Health is a state of complete physical mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity This article is about people called professionals For the Movie, see The Professional or Leon. There are a variety of articles listing people of a particular Sport. Manual labour (or manual labor) is physical work done with the hands especially in an unskilled job such as fruit and vegetable picking road building or any ^[27]

Warning

Stop sign used in various countries. A stop sign is a Traffic sign, usually erected at Road junctions that instructs drivers to stop and then to proceed only if the way ahead is clear The shape and color red is used nearly universally today.

Red sky at night, sailor's delight. Weather lore is the body of informal Folklore related to the Prediction of the Weather.

Red catches people's attention, and is often used either in a negative way to indicate danger and emergency, or in a positive way in advertising to gain more viewers, or in nature, as a ripe fruit announces its readiness with its red color. ^[28] Several studies have indicated that red carries the strongest reaction of all the colors, with the level of reaction decreasing gradually with orange, yellow, and white, respectively. ^[29] Because of this, scientists have repeatedly recommended red for warning signals, labels, and signs. Because of these recommendations, red has seen widespread use as a danger signal, in stop signs, to warn people of extreme heat or flammability, and even to signal warnings in sports such as soccer (see: penalty card). A penalty card is used in many sports as a means of warning reprimanding or penalising a player coach or team official ^[30] It may also represent fire and so may symbolize the presence of God. Fire is the heat and light energy released during a Chemical reaction, in particular a combustion reaction. It is the liturgical color for Pentecost. A liturgy is the customary public worship done by a specific religious group according to their particular traditions Pentecost (πεντηκοστή, pentekostē, "the fiftieth day" is one of the prominent feasts in the Christian Liturgical year, celebrated the ^[20]

In other traditions

In China, red is the symbol of fire and the south (both south in general and Southern China specifically). China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Fire has been an important part of many cultures and religions from pre-history to modern day and was vital to the development of civilization South is one of Cardinal directions and is opposite to the North. It carries a largely positive connotation, being associated with courage, loyalty, honor, success, fortune, fertility, happiness, passion, and summer. ^[31][32][33] In Chinese cultural traditions, red is associated with weddings (where brides traditionally wear red dresses) and red paper is also frequently used to wrap gifts of money or other things. Special red packets called hong bao are specifically used during the Chinese New Year to give monetary gifts. In Chinese society, a red envelope or red packet (Known as Hong Bao in Mandarin Ang Pao in Hokkien and Lai See in Cantonese is a Chinese New Year is the most important of the Traditional Chinese holidays. On the more negative end, obituaries are traditionally written in red ink, and to write someone's name in red signals either cutting them out of your life, or that they have died. ^[33] Red is also associated with both the feminine yin and the masculine yang, depending on the source. ^[33][34]

In Japan, red is a traditional color for a heroic figure. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. ^[35] In the Indian Sub-continent, red is the traditional color of bridal dresses, and is frequently represented in the media as a symbolic color for married women. The color is associated with sexuality in marriage relationships through its connection to heat and fertility. ^[36] It is also the color of wealth, beauty, and the goddess Lakshmi. Lakshmi or Mahalakshmi (pronunciation; Sanskrit: लक्ष्मी lakṣmī) is the Hindu Goddess of Wealth ^[23]

In Central Africa, Ndembu warriors rub themselves with red during celebrations. Since their culture sees the color as a symbol of life and health, sick people are also painted with it. Like most Central African cultures, the Ndembu see red as ambivalent, better than black, but not as good as white. ^[37] In other parts of Africa, however, red is a color of mourning, representing death. ^[38] Because of the connection red bears with death in many parts of Africa, the Red Cross has changed its colors to green and white in parts of the continent. The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an International humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers worldwide who stated ^[39]

In various nations, red is considered a Christmas color.

Nationality and politics

Flags

Countries with red flags:.

based on the Union Flag.      blood shed for independence from Spain.      Nordic Cross.      Pan-Slavic colors.

Pan-Arab colors.      Pan-African colors.      Communism.      other reasons.

Note: The red in South Africa's flag can be attributed to the Union Flag as well as Pan-African colors.
Note: The flag of Georgia contains St. George's Cross, but not because of the Union Flag.
Note: The Flag of Rwanda no longer uses red as of 2001 due to its association with the Rwandan Genocide. The flag of Rwanda was adopted on October 25, 2001. The flag has four Colours Blue, Green, and two forms of Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. The Rwandan Genocide was the 1994 mass killing of hundreds of thousands of Rwanda 's minority Tutsis and the moderates of its Hutu majority

Red is one of the most common colors used on national flags throughout the world. On these flags it carries the same meanings which it does anywhere else: the blood, sacrifice, and courage of those who defended their country, the sun and the hope and warmth it brings, and the sacrifice of Christ's blood (in some historically Christian nations) are a few examples. Red is the color of the flags of several countries which once belonged to the former British Empire. The British flag bears the colors red, white and blue. The Union Flag, also known as the Union Jack, is the national flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. red is represented by two crosses, the St. George's Cross and the diagonal cross of St. Patrick's Flag. The St George's Cross (or the Cross of St George is a centred red cross on a white background Saint Patrick's Flag (Cros Phádraig is a flag of Ireland that features in the Flag of the United Kingdom. ^[40] The United States flag bears the colors of Britain,^[41] and other countries' flags, such as those of Australia and Fiji, carry a small inset of the British flag in memory of their ties to that country. Flags of the United States The Flag of the United States of America consists of 13 equal horizontal stripes of Red (top and bottom alternating The flag of Australia was chosen in 1901 from entries in a worldwide design competition held following Federation. Prior to ceding the country to British rule in 1874 the government of Fiji adopted a national flag featuring blue and white vertical ^[42] Former colonies of Spain, such as Ecuador and Venezuela, also feature red, one of the colors of the Spanish flag, on their own banners. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Ecuador topics. Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the

Red, along with blue and white is also one of the Pan-Slavic colors adopted by the Slavic solidarity movement of the late nineteenth century. Initially, these were the colors of the Russian flag, but as the Slavic movement grew, other slavic nations began adopting them, such as the Czech Republic and Yugoslavia. The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, See also Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian In addition to this, red, white, and black are the colors of Pan-Arabism, and are used by many Arab countries. Pan-Arabism is a movement for Unification among the peoples and countries of the Arab World, from the Atlantic Ocean to the ^[43]

Red is one of the four colors (along with gold, green, and black) of Pan-Africanism. Pan-Africanism is a Sociopolitical World view, and Philosophy, as well as a movement which seeks to unify both Native Africans and those of Several African countries thus use the color on their flags, including South Africa, Ghana, Senegal, Mali, Ethiopia, Togo, Guinea, Benin, and Zimbabwe. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the Senegal (le Sénégal officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country south of the Sénégal River in western Africa. Mali, officially the Republic of Mali (République du Mali is a Landlocked nation in Western Africa. NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page TOGO was a Japanese roller coaster design company famous for inventing the Stand-up roller coaster. Guinea, officially Republic of Guinea (pronounced /ˈgɪni/ République de Guinée is a country in West Africa, formerly known as French Guinea Benin (bə'nɪn officially the Republic of Benin, and also known as Benin Republic, is a country in Western Africa. See also Great Zimbabwe National Monument. For information about the March and June 2008 presidential elections see Zimbabwean presidential election The Pan-African colors are borrowed from the Ethiopian flag, one of the oldest independent African countries. Two different sets of three colours are referred to as the Pan-African colours: the green gold and red first used in the Flag of Ethiopia; (Ghana was the first The Flag of Ethiopia was adopted on February 6, 1996. The 3 traditional colors- green yellow and red- date back to the Emperor Menelik (1889-1913 ^[44][43] Rwanda, notably, removed red from its flag after the Rwandan Genocide, because Pan-Africanism was so strongly associated with the event and because of red's association with blood. The flag of Rwanda was adopted on October 25, 2001. The flag has four Colours Blue, Green, and two forms of The Rwandan Genocide was the 1994 mass killing of hundreds of thousands of Rwanda 's minority Tutsis and the moderates of its Hutu majority ^[45]

Political movements

The red flag of the former Soviet Union. Red flags can signify a warning Martial law, defiance or Left-wing politics The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991

Even before Europe's Revolutions of 1848, "Socialist" red was used as a color of European Revolutionaries, often in the form of the red flag. The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout the European A revolution (from the Latin revolutio, "a turnaround" is a fundamental change in power or organizational structures that takes place in a relatively Red flags can signify a warning Martial law, defiance or Left-wing politics It was also used by Garibaldi's camicie rosse ("redshirts") in the Italian Risorgimento, and taken up by Leftist and generally revolutionary groups, while the white of legitimist Bourbon partisans became associated with pre-World War I conservatives. Garibaldi redirects here for other meanings see Garibaldi (disambiguation. Redshirts is the name given to the volunteers who followed Giuseppe Garibaldi in southern Italy during his Mille expedition to southern Italy but sometimes Italian Unification ( Italian: il Risorgimento, or "The Resurgence" was the political and social movement that unified different states of the Italian A revolutionary when used as a noun is a person who either actively engages in some kind of Revolution, or advocates the revolution with recognition from some government or White is a Color, the perception which is evoked by Light that stimulates all three types of color sensitive Cone cells in the Human eye The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Conservatism is a term used to describe political philosophies that favour Tradition, where tradition refers to various religious cultural or nationally defined This relates to the term "Blood of the workers", representing the suffering of the proletariat. The proletariat (from Latin la ''proles'' "offspring" is a term used to identify a lower Social class; a member of such a class is proletarian For instance the Civil War in Russia and the Civil War in Finland were fought between the "Red Army" and various "White Armies". The Russian Civil War (1917–1923 was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed The Finnish Civil War was a part of the national and social turmoil caused by World War I (1914&ndash1918 in Europe The Red Army ( Russian: Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия R aboche- K rest'yanskaya K rasnaya A rmiya The White movement (Beloie Dvijenie Белое движение whose military arm is known as the White Army (Belaia Armia Белая Армия or White Guard

The Cincinnati Red Stockings are the oldest professional baseball team, dating back to 1869. The Cincinnati Red Stockings of 1869 were Baseball 's first openly all-professional team The franchise soon relocated to Boston and is now the Atlanta Braves, but its name survives as the origin for both the Cincinnati Reds and Boston Red Sox. The Cincinnati Reds are a Major League Baseball team based in Cincinnati Ohio, USA The Boston Red Sox are a Professional baseball team based in Boston Massachusetts, and are the reigning (2007 World Series Champions. During the 1950s when red was so strongly associated with communism, the modern Cincinnati team was known as the "Redlegs" and the term was even used on baseball cards. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based After the red scare faded, the team was known as the Reds again. ^[46]

The identification of Communism with "Socialist" red (with the red flag being the primary color of the flag of the Soviet Union) and the red star being a Communist emblem led to such Cold War phrases as "the Red Menace" and "Red China" (distinguished from Nationalist China, "Free China," or Taiwan). Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Red flags can signify a warning Martial law, defiance or Left-wing politics The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The five-pointed red star, a Pentagram without the inner Pentagon, is a symbol of Communism as well as broader Socialism in general An emblem is a pictorial Image, abstract or representational that epitomizes a Concept — e Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES See also The East is Red. " The East Is Red " ( is a Song that was the De facto Anthem of the People's Republic of China during the Cultural Revolution Mao Zedong was sometimes referred to as a "red sun". Mao Zedong ( 26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976) was a Chinese Military and political leader who led The color was also associated with political vehicles such as the Red Guard in China and the Red Guards during the Russian Revolution of 1917 as well as with left wing paramilitary terrorist groups such as the Red Army Faction in Germany and the Japanese Red Army. Red Guards ( were a mass movement of civilians mostly students and other young people in the People's Republic of China, who were mobilized For other uses of the term see Red Guard In the context of the history of Russia and Soviet Union, Red Guards ( Russian: "Красная See also Russian Revolution (1905 The Russian Revolution of 1916 refers to a series of popular revolutions in Russia, and the events surrounding them The Red Army Faction or RAF ( German Rote Armee Fraktion) (in its early stages commonly known as Baader-Meinhof Group ''Gang'' was one Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The was a Terrorist group founded by Fusako Shigenobu in February 1971 after she broke away from the Japanese Communist League-Red Army Faction Red remains associated with parties on the left of the political spectrum. However, in the United States, a red state is one whose population predominantly supports the Republican Party. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the See also Electoral geography of the United States Red States and Blue States refer to those states of the United States of America Red and black are colors associated with anarchism, and, specifically, anarcho-syndicalism. Anarchism is a Political philosophy encompassing theories and attitudes which support the elimination of all compulsory Government, i Anarcho-syndicalism is a branch of Anarchism which focuses on the labour movement.

Pigments

References

See also

• List of colors

External links

• All About The Color Red