Citizendia

RCA Records
RCA Victor

Parent companySony BMG
Founded1901
FounderEmile Berliner
Eldridge R. Johnson
Distributing labelRCA Records Group
RCA Victor Group
GenreVarious
Country of originFlag of the United States
Official websitehttp://www.rcarecords.com/

RCA Records (originally The Victor Talking Machine Company then RCA Victor) is one of the flagship labels of Sony BMG Music Entertainment. Sony BMG Music Entertainment is a diverse music and entertainment group Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Emile Berliner ( May 20, 1851 – August 3, 1929) was a German -born American Inventor, best known for developing Eldridge Reeves Johnson ( February 6, 1867 in Wilmington Delaware &ndash November 15, 1945 in Moorestown New Jersey Victrola redirects here For other uses see Victrola (disambiguation The Victor Talking Machine Company ( 1901 – 1929 Sony BMG Music Entertainment is a diverse music and entertainment group RCA Records was founded in 1901 as the Victor Talking Machine Company, and the RCA initials stand for Radio Corporation of America, which was the parent corporation in the pre-BMG days. See also 1900 in music, other events of 1901, 1902 in music and the List of 'years in music'. Victrola redirects here For other uses see Victrola (disambiguation The Victor Talking Machine Company ( 1901 – 1929 RCA Corporation, founded as Radio Corporation of America, was an electronics company in existence from 1919 to 1986

Contents

The RCA family of labels

RCA is the name of three different co-owned record labels. RCA Records is the pop music, rock music and country music label. Pop music as a genre features a noticeable rhythmic element catchy melodies and hooks, a mainstream style and conventional structure Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains. RCA Victor is the blues music, world music, jazz, musicals and other musical genres which don't fit the pop music mold label. RCA Records (originally The Victor Talking Machine Company, then RCA Victor is one of the flagship labels of Sony Music Entertainment. The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression The term world music includes Traditional music (sometimes called Folk music or roots music of any culture that are created and played by indigenous musicians Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Musical theatre is a form of Theatre combining Music, Songs spoken Dialogue and Dance. RCA Red Seal is the renowned classical music label with a reissue sub-label called RCA Gold Seal. RCA Red Seal Records is a prestigious classical music label and is now part of Sony BMG Masterworks. Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to mainstream music produced in or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and Secular music

Defunct labels include budget labels RCA Camden, RCA Victrola and RCA Custom, famed for issuing record compilations for The Reader's Digest Association as well as pressing records for other record companies. RCA Camden was a budget Record label of recordings first introduced by RCA Victor in the mid 1950s RCA Victrola was a budget label introduced by RCA Victor in the early 1960s to reissue classical recordings originally issued on the RCA Victor " The Reader’s Digest Association Inc is a global publisher and direct marketer based in Pleasantville New York, best known for its flagship publication founded

Currently, Legacy Recordings Sony BMG's catalog division, reissues classic albums for RCA. Legacy Recordings is Sony Music Entertainment 's catalog division

History

For the company's earlier history, see Victor Talking Machine Company. Victrola redirects here For other uses see Victrola (disambiguation The Victor Talking Machine Company ( 1901 – 1929

In 1929, Radio Corporation of America (RCA) purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company, then the world's largest manufacturer of phonographs (including the famous "Victrola") and phonograph records (in British English, "gramophone records"). Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. RCA Corporation, founded as Radio Corporation of America, was an electronics company in existence from 1919 to 1986 Victrola redirects here For other uses see Victrola (disambiguation The Victor Talking Machine Company ( 1901 – 1929 The phonograph, or gramophone, was the most common device for playing recorded Sound from the 1870s through the 1980s A gramophone British English or UK English ( BrE, BE, en-GB) is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the The company then became RCA-Victor. With Victor, RCA acquired New World rights to the famous Nipper trademark. The New World is one of the names used for the non-Eurasian/non-African parts of the Earth specifically the Americas and Australia. Nipper ( 1884 - 1895) was a Dog that served as the model for a painting entitled His Master's Voice which later became identified with a A trademark or trade mark, represented by the symbols ™ and ®, or mark is a distinctive sign or indicator used by an individual While in Shanghai China, RCA-Victor was the main competitor with Baak Doi[1]. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Pathé Records ( literally "hundred generations" is the first major record company in Shanghai, China and later Hong Kong.

In 1931, RCA Victor's British affiliate the Gramophone Company merged with the Columbia Graphophone Company to form EMI. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Gramophone Company, based in the United Kingdom, was one of the early recording companies, and was the parent organization for the famous "His Master's Voice" The Columbia Graphophone Company was one of the earliest Gramophone companies in the United Kingdom. The EMI Group is a British music company comprising the major record company EMI Music – which operates several labels and is based in Kensington in This gave RCA head David Sarnoff a seat on the EMI board. Also in 1931, RCA Victor developed and released the first 33⅓-rpm records to the public. These had the standard groove size identical to the contemporary 78-rpm records, rather than the "microgroove" used in post-World War II 33⅓ "Long Play" records. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The format was a commercial failure at the height of the Great Depression, partially because the records and playback equipment were expensive. The system was withdrawn from the market after about a year. (This was not the first attempt at a commercial long play record format, as Edison Records had marketed a microgroove vertically recorded disc with 20 minutes playing time per side the previous decade; the Edison long playing records were also a commercial failure. Edison Records was the first Record label, pioneering Recorded sound and an important player in the early Record industry. ) In 1932, Bluebird Records was created as a sub-label of RCA Victor. Bluebird Records is a sub- label of RCA Victor Records originally created in 1932 to counter ARC Records in the "3 records for a dollar"

RCA sold its interest in EMI in 1935, but EMI continued to distribute RCA recordings on the HMV label. His Master's Voice, today usually abbreviated to HMV, is a famous Trademark in the music business and for many years was the name of a large record label

1940s

During World War II, ties between RCA and its Japanese affiliate JVC were severed. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including ( usually referred to as JVC, is an International consumer and professional electronics Corporation based in Yokohama, Japan which was founded The Japanese record company is today called Victor Entertainment and is still a JVC subsidiary. is a Subsidiary of Japan Victor Company (JVC that produces and distributes music movies and other entertainment products such as Anime and television shows

From 1942 to 1944, RCA Victor was seriously impacted by the American Federation of Musicians recording ban. The American Federation of Musicians ( AFM / AFofM) is a labor union of Professional Musicians in the United States and Virtually all union musicians could not make recordings during that period. One of the few exceptions was the eventual release of recorded performances by the NBC Symphony Orchestra with Arturo Toscanini. The NBC Symphony Orchestra was a Radio orchestra established by David Sarnoff of the National Broadcasting Company especially for conductor Arturo WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Arturo Toscanini (ɑrˈturɔ ˌtɔskɑˈnini (March 25 1867 &ndash January However, RCA lost the Philadelphia Orchestra during this period; when Columbia Records settled quickly with the union, Eugene Ormandy and the Philadelphians signed a new contract with Columbia and began making recordings in 1944. The Philadelphia Orchestra is an Orchestra based in Philadelphia Pennsylvania, in the United States. Columbia Records is an American Record label founded in 1888 Columbia is the oldest surviving Brand name in pre-recorded sound being the first record company WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Eugene Ormandy ( November 18, 1899 &ndash March

In 1949, RCA-Victor developed and released the first 45 rpm record to the public, answering CBS/Columbia's 33⅓ rpm "LP". Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Columbia Records is an American Record label founded in 1888 Columbia is the oldest surviving Brand name in pre-recorded sound being the first record company A gramophone The 45-rpm record became the standard for pop singles with running times similar to 10-inch 78-rpm discs (less than four minutes per side). A gramophone However, RCA also released some "extended play" (EP) discs with running times up to 10 minutes per side, primarily for classical recordings. An extended play ( EP) is a Vinyl record, CD, or Music download which contains more music than a single, but is too short to qualify (One of the first of the extended 45-rpm recordings was a disc by Arthur Fiedler and the Boston Pops Orchestra featuring Tchaikovsky's Marche Slave and Ketelbey's In a Persian Market. A gramophone Arthur Fiedler should not be confused with Arthur Fielder, a Kent Fast bowler of the 1900s The Boston Pops Orchestra was founded in 1885 as a subsection of the Boston Symphony Orchestra (BSO founded four years earlier The Slavonic March in B-flat minor, Op 31 (also commonly known by its French title Marche slave) is an Orchestral composition Albert William Ketèlbey ( 9 August, 1875 &ndash 26 November, 1959) was an English Composer, conductor and pianist Albert William Ketèlbey ( 9 August, 1875 &ndash 26 November, 1959) was an English Composer, conductor and pianist )

1950s

In 1950, realizing that Columbia's LP format had become successful and fearful that RCA was losing market share, RCA Victor began issuing LPs themselves. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Among the first RCA LPs released was a performance of Gaieté Parisienne by Jacques Offenbach by Arthur Fiedler and the Boston Pops Orchestra, which had actually been recorded in Boston's Symphony Hall on June 20, 1947; it was given the catalogue number LM-1001. Jacques Offenbach (born Jacob Offenbach 20 June 1819 in Cologne &ndash 5 October 1880 in Paris) was a German Arthur Fiedler should not be confused with Arthur Fielder, a Kent Fast bowler of the 1900s The Boston Pops Orchestra was founded in 1885 as a subsection of the Boston Symphony Orchestra (BSO founded four years earlier Popular albums were issued with the prefix "LPM. " When RCA later issued classical stereo albums (in 1958), they used the prefix "LSC. " Popular stereo albums were issued with the prefix "LSP. "

In the 1950s, RCA had three subsidiary or specialty labels: Groove, Vik and "X". See also List of record labels Label "X" was founded in 1953 and renamed Vik in 1955. Groove was an R&B specialty label founded in 1954. [1]

Through the 1940s and 1950s, RCA was in competition with Columbia Records. Columbia Records is an American Record label founded in 1888 Columbia is the oldest surviving Brand name in pre-recorded sound being the first record company A number of recordings were made with the NBC Symphony Orchestra, usually conducted by Arturo Toscanini; sometimes RCA utilized recordings of broadcast concerts. The NBC Symphony Orchestra was a Radio orchestra established by David Sarnoff of the National Broadcasting Company especially for conductor Arturo WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Arturo Toscanini (ɑrˈturɔ ˌtɔskɑˈnini (March 25 1867 &ndash January When the NBC Symphony was reorganized in the fall of 1954 as the Symphony of the Air, it continued to record for RCA, as well as other labels, usually with Leopold Stokowski. The NBC Symphony Orchestra was a Radio orchestra established by David Sarnoff of the National Broadcasting Company especially for conductor Arturo WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Leopold Stokowski (born Leopold Anthony Stokowski though on occasion RCA also released a number of recordings with the Victor Symphony Orchestra, later renamed the RCA Victor Symphony Orchestra, which was usually drawn from either Philadelphia or New York musicians, as well as members of the Symphony of the Air. By the late 1950s RCA had fewer high prestige orchestras under contract than Columbia had: RCA recorded the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and the Boston Symphony Orchestra, whereas Columbia had the Cleveland Orchestra, the Philadelphia Orchestra, and the New York Philharmonic Orchestra. The Chicago Symphony Orchestra ( CSO) is an American orchestra based in Chicago Illinois. The Boston Symphony Orchestra is an American orchestra based at Symphony Hall in Boston Massachusetts, USA The Cleveland Orchestra, located in Cleveland, Ohio is one of the major symphony Orchestras in the United States. The Philadelphia Orchestra is an Orchestra based in Philadelphia Pennsylvania, in the United States. The New York Philharmonic is the oldest active Symphony Orchestra in the United States, organized during 1842

On October 6, 1953, RCA held experimental stereophonic sessions in New York's Manhattan Center with Leopold Stokowski conducting a group of New York musicians in performances of Enesco's Roumanian Rhapsody No. For the composer see George Enescu. Enesco (Enesco LLC is an American company specializing in the sales and distribution of giftware 1 and the waltz from Tchaikovsky's opera Eugene Onegin. Eugene Onegin ( Russian: Евгений Онегин BGN/PCGN: Yevgeniy Onegin) is a Novel in verse written by Aleksandr Pushkin There were additional stereo tests in December, again in the Manhattan Center, this time with Pierre Monteux conducting members of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Pierre Monteux ( April 4, 1875 &ndash July In February 1954, RCA made its first commercial stereophonic recordings, taping the Boston Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Charles Munch, in a performance of The Damnation of Faust by Hector Berlioz. The Boston Symphony Orchestra is an American orchestra based at Symphony Hall in Boston Massachusetts, USA WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Charles Münch (September 26 1891 &ndash November 6 1968 was an This began a practice of simultaneously taping orchestras with both stereophonic and monaural equipment. Other early stereo recordings were made by Arturo Toscanini and Guido Cantelli with the NBC Symphony Orchestra, the Boston Pops Orchestra under Arthur Fiedler, and the Chicago Symphony Orchestra under Fritz Reiner. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Arturo Toscanini (ɑrˈturɔ ˌtɔskɑˈnini (March 25 1867 &ndash January Guido Cantelli (April 27 1920 – November 24 1956 was an Italian orchestral conductor. The NBC Symphony Orchestra was a Radio orchestra established by David Sarnoff of the National Broadcasting Company especially for conductor Arturo The Boston Pops Orchestra was founded in 1885 as a subsection of the Boston Symphony Orchestra (BSO founded four years earlier Arthur Fiedler should not be confused with Arthur Fielder, a Kent Fast bowler of the 1900s The Chicago Symphony Orchestra ( CSO) is an American orchestra based in Chicago Illinois. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Frederick Martin “Fritz” Reiner ( December 19, 1888 Initially, RCA used RT-21 1/4 inch tape recorders (which ran at 30 inches per second), wired to mono mixers, with Neumann U-47 cardioid and M-49/50 omnidirectional microphones. Then they switched to an Ampex 300-3 1/2 inch machine, running at 15 inches per second (which was later increased to 30 inches per second). These recordings were initially issued in 1955 on special stereophonic reel-to-reel tapes and then, beginning in 1958, on vinyl LPs with the logo "Living Stereo. " Sony BMG has continued to reissue these recordings on CD. [2]

In September 1954, RCA introduced 'Gruve-Gard' where the center and edge of a disc are thicker than the playing area, reducing scuff marks during handling and when used on a turntable with a record changer. [2] Most of RCA Victor Records' competitors quickly adopted the raised label and edges.

The Toscanini stereo albums, however, were never issued by RCA (they were the last two concerts he conducted with the NBC Symphony Orchestra). They were not issued until 1987 and 2007 respectively , when they appeared on compact disc on the Music and Arts label, and betrayed no sign whatsoever of the Maestro's apparent memory loss in the last concert, probably because the rehearsals had also been taped in stereo and portions of them were included in the final edit. Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an Optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio

In 1955, RCA purchased the recording contract of Elvis Presley from Sun Records for the then astronomical sum of $35,000. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Sun Records was a Record label based in Memphis, Tennessee, starting operations on March 27 1952. Elvis would become RCA's biggest selling recording artist. His first gold record was Heartbreak Hotel, recorded in January 1956.

In 1957, RCA ended its 55 year association with EMI and signed a distribution deal with Decca Records, which caused EMI to purchase Capitol Records. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) Decca Records is a British Record label established in 1929 by Edward Lewis. Capitol Records is a major United States -based Record label owned by EMI and located in Hollywood California and New York City as Capitol then became the main distributor for EMI recordings in North and South America with RCA distributing its recordings through Decca in the United Kingdom on the RCA and RCA Victor labels with the lightning bolt logo instead of the His Master's Voice Nipper logo (now owned by HMV Group plc in the UK as EMI transferred trademark ownership in 2003)[3]. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located His Master's Voice, today usually abbreviated to HMV, is a famous Trademark in the music business and for many years was the name of a large record label RCA set up its own British distribution in 1971. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar.

Also in 1957, RCA opened a state of the art recording studio in Nashville, Tennessee which recorded hit after hit for RCA and other labels for 20 years and is now open for tours as RCA Studio B. Built by Dan Maddox in 1957 RCA Records Studio B was constructed at the request of Chet Atkins and Steve Sholes to facilitate the needs of RCA Victor Elvis Presley made most of his recordings in this studio.

1960s

In 1963, RCA introduced Dynagroove which added computer technology to the disc cutting process, ostensibly to improve sound reproduction. Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Dynagroove is a recording process introduced in 1963 exclusive to RCA Victor that for the first time utilized computers ("electronic brains" to modify the audio Whether it was actually an improvement or not is still debated among audiophiles.

In Sept. 1965, RCA & Lear Jet Corp. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. teamed up to release the first Stereo 8-Track Tape Music Cartridges (Stereo-8) which were first used in the 1966 line of Ford Automobiles and were popular throughout the late 1960's and 1970's.

In late 1968, RCA modernised its image with a new futuristic looking logo [The letters RCA in block modernised form], replacing the old lightning bolt logo, and the virtual retirement of both the "Victor" and Nipper trademarks. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The background of the labels, which had always been black for its regular series (as opposed to its Red Seal line), switch to bright orange (later in the early 1970s, becoming tan). Possibly in response to customers' complaints, RCA Records reinstated Nipper to most of its record labels beginning in 1976 in countries where RCA had the rights to the Nipper trademark. The famous "shaded" label used on RCA's "Living Stereo" albums was revived in the 1990s for a series of CDs devoted to the historic triple-track stereophonic recordings.

RCA has produced several notable Broadway cast albums as well, among them the original Broadway recordings of Brigadoon, Paint Your Wagon, the Mary Martin Peter Pan, Damn Yankees, Hello, Dolly!, Oliver!, and Fiddler on the Roof, as well as recordings of musical productions staged at Lincoln Center, such as the 1966 revival of Show Boat and the 1987 revival of Anything Goes. Brigadoon is a musical with a book and lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe. Mary Virginia Martin ( December 1, 1913 – November 3, 1990) was an American Tony Award -winning star of stage film Peter Pan is a fictional character created by Scottish novelist and playwright J Damn Yankees is a Musical comedy with a book by George Abbott and Douglass Wallop and music and lyrics by Richard Adler and Hello Dolly! is a musical with lyrics and music by Jerry Herman and a book by Michael Stewart, based on Thornton Wilder 's 1938 Oliver! is a British musical, with music and lyrics by Lionel Bart. Fiddler on the Roof is a musical with music by Jerry Bock, Lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set Show Boat is a musical in two acts with music by Jerome Kern and book (based on a novel by Edna Ferber) and lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein Anything Goes is a musical with music and lyrics by Cole Porter. They were also responsible for the film soundtrack albums of South Pacific, Exodus, and The Sound of Music. This article is about the 1958 film. For the stage musical see South Pacific (musical. Exodus is a soundtrack album by Ernest Gold with the Sinfonia of London from the 1961 film Exodus directed by Otto Preminger Rodgers and Hammerstein 's The Sound of Music is a Musical film directed by Robert Wise and starring Julie Andrews in the lead role The album made from the 1965 hit Julie Andrews film was (and is) one of the best selling soundtracks of all time. Dame Julie Elizabeth Andrews, DBE (born Julia Elizabeth Wells on October 1 1935) is an award-winning English Actress RCA also released the original American cast album of Hair. Hair The American Tribal Love-Rock Musical is a Rock musical with a book and lyrics by James Rado and Gerome Ragni and music by Galt

In late 1969 RCA introduced a very thin, lightweight Vinyl LP known as DynaFlex (the name has nothing to do with the gyroscope). Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Dynaflex was a type of Vinyl LP album record pressing introduced by RCA Records in late 1969 This type of pressing claimed to overcome warping and other problems in conventional thicker pressings, but it had a controversial reputation in the industry. At about the same time John Denver recorded his first RCA LP: Rhymes and Reasons. John Denver (December 31 1943 &ndash October 12 1997 born Henry John Deutschendorf Jr

1970s

In Sept. 1970 RCA issued the first Quadraphonic 4-Channel 8-Track Tape Cartridges (Quad-8, later called just Q8). Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. RCA then began releasing quadraphonic vinyl recordings, primarily of classical music, in the CD-4 format developed by Japan Victor Corporation (JVC), and made commercially practical by Quadracast Systems Inc. Quadraphonic (or quadrophonic) sound &ndash the most-widely-used early term for what is now called 4 (QSI). RCA's trade name became "Quadradisc". The CD-4 format required a special cartridge, a CD-4 demodulator. a four-channel amplifier, and four separate speakers. The CD-4 Quadradisc system was a true discrete 4-4-4 quadraphonic one. Columbia introduced Pseudo quadraphonic matrix system, SQ, which also required a "decoder",4 channel amplifier and the four speakers. The SQ system was not true Quadraphonic because it only had 2 channels and was referred to as a 4-2-4 matrix system. The Warner Music labels also adopted the Quadradisc format, but they, RCA and Columbia abandoned quadraphonic recording within a few years; some of the RCA sessions were later remastered for Dolby encoding (same as Peter Schieber's original matrix system) and released on CD. Warner Music Group (WMG is the third-largest of the "big four" major record labels, the others being Sony BMG, EMI, and Universal Matrix decoder is an audio technology where a finite number of discrete audio channels (e This included Charles Gerhardt 's series of albums devoted to classic film scores by Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Alfred Newman, Dimitri Tiomkin, Max Steiner, Franz Waxman, and others, performed by the National Philharmonic Orchestra in London's Kingsway Hall. Charles Allan Gerhardt ( February 6, 1927, Detroit &ndash February 22, 1999, Redding California) was a conductor Erich Wolfgang Korngold ( May 29, 1897 &ndash November 29, 1957) was an Academy Award -winning 20th century Film and Alfred Newman ( March 17, 1900 &ndash February 17, 1970) was a major American Composer of music for Films Dimitri Zinovievich Tiomkin (Дмитрий Зиновьевич Тёмкин Dmitrij Zinov'evič Tëmkin, sometimes translated as Dmitri Tiomkin) ( May This article is about the film composer For other persons with the same name see Max Steiner. Franz Waxman (24 December 1906 &ndash 24 February 1967 was a Jewish German American Composer, known for his bravura Carmen Fantasie The National Philharmonic Orchestra is a British Orchestra created exclusively for recording purposes London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The Kingsway Hall, Holborn, London, built in 1912 was the home of the West London Mission of the Methodist Church, and eventually became one

1980s

In 1983, Arista Records owner Bertelsmann sold 50% of Arista to RCA. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Arista Records (ˈɛərɪstə is an American Record label. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment and operates under the Bertelsmann AG is a transnational media corporation founded in 1835 based in Gütersloh, Germany. In 1985, Bertelsmann and RCA formed a joint venture called RCA/Ariola International. Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar)

When General Electric acquired RCA in 1986, the company sold its 50% interest in RCA/Ariola International to its partner Bertelsmann and the company was renamed BMG Music for Bertelsmann Music Group. BMG brought back the lightning bolt logo to make clear that RCA Records was no longer co-owned with the other RCA entities which GE sold or closed. The only RCA unit GE kept was the National Broadcasting Company. The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's BMG also revived the "RCA Victor" label for musical genres outside of country, pop and rock music.

Merger

In 2004, BMG and Sony merged their music holdings into a joint venture called Sony BMG. Sony BMG Music Entertainment is a diverse music and entertainment group Because Sony Music was the successor to the old CBS music division, this merger meant that RCA Records, once co-owned with NBC, was now under the same umbrella as the label once owned by NBC's rival CBS, Columbia Records. Columbia Records is an American Record label founded in 1888 Columbia is the oldest surviving Brand name in pre-recorded sound being the first record company

In 2006, Sony BMG merged its Broadway music labels, including RCA Victor to the new Masterworks Broadway Records. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Masterworks Broadway is a Record label created by the consolidation of Sony Music Entertainment 's Broadway theatre music divisions Columbia Broadway

Criticisms

RCA Victor decided to demolish their Camden warehouse in the early 1960s. The City of Camden is the County seat of Camden County, New Jersey, in the United States. This warehouse held four floors' worth of catalog and vault masters (most of them pre-tape wax and metal discs), test pressings, lacquer discs, matrix ledgers, and rehearsal recordings. A few days before the demolition took place, some collectors from the USA and Europe were allowed to go through the warehouse and salvage whatever they could take with them for their personal collections. Soon after, collectors and RCA Records officials watched from a nearby bridge as the warehouse was demolished, with many studio masters still intact in the building. The remnants were bulldozed into the Delaware River and a pier was built on top of them. In 1973, when the company decided to release all of Rachmaninoff's recordings on LPs (to celebrate the centennial of the composer's birth), RCA was forced to go to record collectors for materials, as documented by Time.

In the 1970s the label let much of its catalog go out of print. This pattern affected its jazz catalog most greatly, followed by its classical music catalog.

In the compact disc era a small proportion of its jazz catalog has been reissued. A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an Optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio (For example, Jelly Roll Morton albums were reissued; but they were removed from circulation in less than ten years. ) Similarly, only a fraction of its vast classical catalog has remained available on compact disc.

In the 1970s the label pressed its popular, jazz and country records with a special 'Dynaflex' technology. Dynaflex was a type of Vinyl LP album record pressing introduced by RCA Records in late 1969 These records were unusually thin & flexible. However, a high proportion of these thin pressings were warped when sold as new recordings.

Canadian rockers Triumph were practically all but ignored by the label. Triumph is a Canadian Hard rock band that was popular in the late 1970s through the 1980s When the band wanted out of their deal with RCA, the label refused. Then MCA Records executive Irving Azoff demonstrated his faith in the trio by co-opting their debts and buiying the band out of their RCA contract and signed them for five albums. MCA Records was an American -based record company owned by MCA Inc Irving Azoff (born December 12, 1947) is an American Personal manager, representing recording artists in the Music industry such as

After country singer Kenny Rogers left the label, RCA were accused of trying to ruin his career. Kenneth Ray "Kenny" Rogers (born August 21, 1938, in Houston Texas) is an American Country music Singer-songwriter Rogers signed to RCA in 1983 for an advance sum of $20 million (the largest deal ever in country music at that time) when Bob Summers was head of the label. Shortly after Rogers' first album for the label Summers was fired (for unrelated reasons) by RCA. Deciding it would make the label look bad for firing Summer if Rogers continued to be a major success -- his duet with Dolly Parton, "Islands in the Stream", had been one of the biggest hits of 1983 -- Rogers received very little support from the label during the next several years he was with them. Dolly Rebecca Parton (born January 19, 1946) is an American Country music Singer / Songwriter, Author, actress " Islands in the Stream " was a 1983 hit Country music single for Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton, written by the Bee Gees. Although Rogers and RCA parted ways many years ago the results of the conflict can still be seen today. RCA deleted all of Rogers' solo albums soon after he signed to Reprise in 1989 (taking the rights to those albums with him as RCA refused to keep them), with only Once Upon A Christmas (a 1984 album of seasonal duets with Parton) remaining in print. In Music a reprise (rəˈpriːz ruh-PREEZ; it does not rhyme with "surprise" is the repetition or return of the opening material later in a composition Once Upon a Christmas was a 1984 Christmas album by Dolly Parton and Kenny Rogers.

The most recent controversy surrounded RCA Records and Kelly Clarkson. Kelly Brianne Clarkson (born April 24 1982 is an American Pop rock singer songwriter and occasional actress. Reports said that many RCA workers including mogul Clive Davis were unhappy with her latest album "My December". Clive Jay Davis (born April 4 1932 in Brooklyn New York is an American Record producer and a leading music industry executive. My December is the third Studio album by American Pop rock Singer-songwriter Kelly Clarkson. Davis was even said to offer Clarkson 10 million to scrap 5 of her songs but she apparently refused. Months of controversy followed which included Clarkson's tour being scrapped and Clarkson firing her manager, Paul McAlarney.

Christina Aguilera has accused RCA of "being afraid of assertive women and labeling them as Divas". Christina María Aguilera (born December 18 1980 is an American pop / R&B Singer and Songwriter.

Labels

See also

References

  1. ^ Jones. Colgems Records was a Record label which existed from 1966 to 1971. Metromedia (also often MetroMedia) was a media company that owned radio and Television stations in the United States from 1956 Midland International Records (later Midsong International Records) was a US Record label that existed in the 1970s Windstar Records is a Record label based out of Snowmass, Colorado that was founded by John Denver in 1976. Wooden Nickel Records was a Record label started in 1971 by Bill Traut, Jim Golden and Jerry Weintraub as a successor of Dunwich Millennium Records originally started at 3 West 57th Street New York in 1977, and was distributed by Neil Bogart's Casablanca label List of recording artists signed with RCA Records. * indicates artists no longer signed to the label Built by Dan Maddox in 1957 RCA Records Studio B was constructed at the request of Chet Atkins and Steve Sholes to facilitate the needs of RCA Victor This is a list of notable Record labels Due to the large number of entries the list has been divided by the first character of the label's name See also Andrew F. [2001] (2001). Yellow Music - CL: Media Culture and Colonial Modernity in the Chinese Jazz Age. Duke University Press. ISBN 0822326949
  2. ^ The History of Living Stereo, RCA Victor liner notes

External links

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