Portugal

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Portugal

Constitution President Aníbal Cavaco Silva Assembly of the Republic Government Prime Minister José Sócrates Council of Ministers Supreme Court of Justice Constitutional Court Council of State Elections: 2006 - 2005 Political Parties Subdivisions Politics of the European Union Foreign relations

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Flag of the President of Portugal

Portugal has been a republic since 1910, the head of state being the President, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic (Presidente da República Portuguesa, pron. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Politics of Portugal takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic Republic, whereby the Prime Minister The first Portuguese Constitution was drafted in 1822 Several Revolutions led to the constitutions of 1826, 1838 ( Liberal Wars) 1911 ( The Assembly of the Republic ( Portuguese: Assembleia da República, pron. The Government is one of the four sovereignty organs of the Portuguese Republic. In Portugal, the post of Prime Minister ( Portuguese: primeiro-ministro, Pron. José Sócrates Carvalho Pinto de Sousa, GCIH (ʒuˈzɛ ˈsɔkɾɐtɨʃ; born in Vilar de Maçada degree as a civil Technical engineer Portugal 's Council of Ministers (Conselho de Ministros pron. Portuguese Supreme Court of Justice ( Portuguese: Supremo Tribunal de Justiça, pron. The Portuguese Constitutional Court ( Tribunal Constitucional, pron. The Council of State ( Conselho de Estado, pron. kõ'seʎu or dɨ (ɨʃ'tadu is an organ established by the Constitution of Portugal to advise the Elections in Portugal gives information on Election and election results in Portugal. The Portuguese presidential election were held on January 22, 2006 to elect a successor to the incumbent President Jorge Sampaio, who was The Portuguese legislative election of 2005 took place on February 20. Political parties in Portugal lists political parties in Portugal. The administrative divisions of Portugal are undergoing changes The European Union is a unique entity possessing elements of Intergovernmentalism, Supranationalism and a Multi-party Parliamentary democracy Foreign relations of Portugal are linked with its historical role as a major player in the Age of Discovery and the holder of the now defunct Portuguese Empire Information on politics by country is available for every Country, including both De jure and De facto independent Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. A republic is a State or Country that is not led by a hereditary Monarch, but in which the people (or at least a part of its people have impact on its Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Head of state is the generic term for the individual or collective office that serves as the chief public representative of a Monarchic or Republican Nation-state President is a Title leaders of Organizations companies, Trade unions universities, and countries. IPA: [pɾɨzi'dẽtɨ dɐ ʁɛ'publikɐ])

Under the Portuguese Constitution adopted in 1976 in the wake of the Carnation Revolution of 1974, the President is elected for a five-year term, and may serve for a maximum of two consecutive terms. The first Portuguese Constitution was drafted in 1822 Several Revolutions led to the constitutions of 1826, 1838 ( Liberal Wars) 1911 ( Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Carnation Revolution (Revolução dos Cravos was an almost bloodless military-led pro-democratic Coup d'état, started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. The official residence of the President of Portugal is Belém Palace. The Belém National Palace ( Palácio Nacional de Belém) is the official residence of the President of Portugal.

The President theoretically has wide powers, but most of these are rarely used, following the precedent set by President António Ramalho Eanes (1976-1986) and upheld by his successors, Mário Soares and Jorge Sampaio. Background He is a son of António dos Santos Eanes a General contractor, and wife Maria do Rosário Ramalho and brother of João Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares GColTE, GCC, GColL, KE (ˈmaɾiu suˈaɾɨʃ born 7 December 1924 Portuguese politician Background Sampaio was born in Lisbon on 18 September 1939 The Sampaio family lived abroad in the United States and England for some years

The President has however the discretionary power to dissolve Parliament when he sees fit. President Sampaio unusually used this power in late 2004 to remove the controversial government of Pedro Santana Lopes, despite the absolute majority of MPs supporting the government. Background Santana Lopes was born in Lisbon, Campo Grande to Aníbal Luís Lopes ( Lisbon, São Sebastião da Pedreira February 17, 1933

The President is elected, as in France, on a two-round system (if no candidate achieves 50% of the votes on the first round, the two candidates with the most votes face each other in a second round held two weeks later). However, only once, in 1986, was a second round necessary. The Portuguese presidential election of 1986 was held on January 26, the second round took place on February 16. To date, all elected presidents since the Revolution served the two consecutive terms constitutionally allowed (a president who serves two consecutive terms can run for a third and last, non-consecutive term), and presidents consistently rank as the most popular political figure in the country.

In case the president dies or becomes incapacitated in office, the speaker of Parliament assumes office with restricted powers until a new president can be inaugurated following fresh elections.

Prior to the Carnation Revolution, the powers of the presidency varied widely; some were virtual dictators (such as Pais and Carmona in his early years), while others were little more than figureheads (such as Carmona in his later years, Craveiro Lopes, and Américo Thomaz; in their time, the supreme power was the Prime Minister, António de Oliveira Salazar). Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais (siˈdɔniu ˈpaiʃ Caminha, Caminha May 1, 1872 &ndash Lisbon, December 14, 1918 Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes, GCTE, ComC, GCA, decorated with the Order of the Bath and the Royal Victorian Chain (fɾɐ̃ˈsiʃku Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás, GCC, GOA, GOSE (ɐˈmɛɾiku dɨ ˈdeuʃ ʁuˈdɾigɨʃ tuˈmaʃ also spelled Américo Thomaz ( Lisbon In Portugal, the post of Prime Minister ( Portuguese: primeiro-ministro, Pron. António de Oliveira Salazar, GColIH, GCTE, GCSE, pron. ɐ̃'tɔniu dɨ oli'vɐiɾɐ sɐlɐ'zaɾ

Latest election

Main article: Portuguese presidential election, 2006

See also

• List of Presidents of Portugal