A polar orbit is an orbit in which a satellite passes above or nearly above both poles of the body (usually a planet such as the Earth, but possibly another body such as the Sun) being orbited on each revolution. In Physics, an orbit is the gravitationally curved path of one object around a point or another body for example the gravitational orbit of a planet around a star This article is about artificial satellites For natural satellites also known as moons see Natural satellite. A geographical pole, or geographic pole, is either of two fixed points on the surface of a spinning body or Planet, at 90 degrees from the Equator, based EARTH was a short-lived Japanese vocal trio which released 6 singles and 1 album between 2000 and 2001 The Sun (Sol is the Star at the center of the Solar System. It therefore has an inclination of (or very close to) 90 degrees to the equator. Inclination in general is the Angle between a Reference plane and another plane or axis of direction This article describes the unit of angle For other meanings see Degree. The equator (sometimes referred to colloquially as "the Line") is the intersection of the Earth 's surface with the plane perpendicular to the Except in the special case of a polar geosynchronous orbit, a satellite in a polar orbit will pass over the equator at a different longitude on each of its orbits. A geosynchronous orbit is an Orbit around the Earth with an Orbital period matching the Earth's sidereal rotation period Longitude (ˈlɒndʒɪˌtjuːd or ˈlɒŋgɪˌtjuːd symbolized by the Greek character Lambda (λ is the east-west Geographic coordinate measurement
Polar orbits are often used for earth-mapping-, earth observation- and reconnaissance satellites, as well as some weather satellites. Earth observation satellites are Satellites specifically designed to observe Earth from Orbit, similar to Reconnaissance satellites but intended A spy satellite (officially referred to as a reconnaissance satellite) is an Earth observation satellite or Communications satellite deployed for A weather satellite is a type of Satellite that is primarily used to monitor the Weather and Climate of the Earth. The disadvantage to this orbit is that no one spot on the Earth's surface can be sensed continuously from a satellite in a polar orbit.
A satellite can hover over one polar area a large part of the time, albeit at a large distance, using a polar highly elliptical orbit with its apogee above that area. Highly Elliptical Orbit (HEO is an Elliptic orbit characterized by a relatively low-altitude Perigee and an extremely high-altitude Apogee. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from This is the principle behind a Molniya orbit. A Molniya orbit is a type of Highly elliptical orbit with an Inclination of 63
See also
- List of orbits
- Vandenberg AFB Major United States launch location for polar orbits. The following is a list of types of orbits Centric classifications Galactocentric orbit: An orbit about the center of a Galaxy Vandenberg Air Force Base is a United States military installation with a Spaceport, in Santa Barbara County, California, United States.
External links
- Orbital Mechanics (Rocket and Space Technology)
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