Some bottles of Chilean Pisco

Some bottles of Peruvian Pisco

Pisco (from Quechua: pisqu, little bird) is a liquor distilled from grapes (a brandy) made in wine-producing regions of Peru and Chile. Quechua ( Runa Simi) is a Native American language of South America. Distillation is a method of separating Mixtures based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture For the Tokyo University supercomputer see Gravity Pipe. GRAPE, or GRA phics P rogramming E nvironment is Brandy (from brandywine, derived from Dutch brandewijn — “burnt wine” is a spirit produced by distilling Wine Wine is an Alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of Grape juice Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the It is the most widely consumed spirit in Bolivia, Chile and Peru. The English word " spirit " comes from the Latin " spiritus " (breath The Republic of Bolivia (República de Bolivia) named after Simón Bolívar, is a Landlocked country in central South America. Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. The right to produce and promote pisco has been the matter of legal disputes between Chile and Peru, in both of which the most iconic cocktail is the pisco sour. A Pisco Sour is a Cocktail containing Pisco (a regional Brandy) Lemon juice egg whites Simple syrup, and regional

Origins

The first vineyards in the Viceroyalty of Peru were planted in the fertile coastal valleys of Peru shortly after the arrival of the Spanish Conquistadors. Created in 1542 the Viceroyalty of Peru (in Spanish, Virreinato del Perú) was a Spanish colonial administrative district that originally contained most of Spanish-ruled This article is about the Spanish explorer soldiers of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuriesfor other uses see Conquistador (disambiguation A Conquistador The Marquis Francisco de Caravantes was the first to import grapes, bringing them from the Canary Islands in 1553. A marquess (ˈmɑrkwɪs or marquis (/mɑrˈkiː/ is a Nobleman of hereditary rank in various European monarchies and some of their colonies The Canary Islands ( English pronunciation kəˈnæriː ˈaɪləndz Spanish: Islas Canarias, ˈizlas kaˈnarjas are a Spanish Even though Spain imposed many restrictions on wine production and commerce, the wine-making industry developed rapidly, mainly in the Corregimiento of Ica in Peru. Wine is an Alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of Grape juice Ica is a region in Peru. It borders the Pacific Ocean on the west the Lima Region on the north the Huancavelica and Ayacucho

In the late 1550s, the Spanish began to plant and harvest grapes for wine in the southern regions of what is now Peru. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. "Export quality" grapes were selected to produce wine with, while those that did not measure up were discarded or given to the farmers to do with as they pleased. It is in this context that small groups began to use these grapes to distill a brandy-like liquor from the discarded grapes, using similar techniques to those of Chicha production. Chicha is a term used in some regions of Latin America for several varieties of fermented beverages, particularly those derived from Maize, but which also

The oldest written historical record of grape brandy production in the Spanish colonies date back to Peru 1613. For the Tokyo University supercomputer see Gravity Pipe. GRAPE, or GRA phics P rogramming E nvironment is Brandy (from brandywine, derived from Dutch brandewijn — “burnt wine” is a spirit produced by distilling Wine It is in the will of a resident of the department of Ica—a town called Pisco, close to the Nazca lines, named by Pedro Manuel the Greek. In Common law, a will or testament is a document by which a person (the Testator) regulates the rights of others over his or her Property In it he itemizes his worldly goods, including 30 containers of grape brandy, one barrel of the same spirit, a large copper pot and all of the utensils needed to produce pisco. For the Tokyo University supercomputer see Gravity Pipe. GRAPE, or GRA phics P rogramming E nvironment is Brandy (from brandywine, derived from Dutch brandewijn — “burnt wine” is a spirit produced by distilling Wine Copper (ˈkɒpɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol Cu (cuprum and Atomic number 29

Pisco was considered a lesser beverage by the Spanish and not consumed by them unless they were poor or curious. Pisco did not have a name for a long time, although it is reported the Spanish called it "aguardiente" (firewater).

The drink began to acquire consumers in the sailors that transported products between the colonies and Spain, who began to call it pisco, naming it after the port^[1] where it could be bought. Pisco is a city located in the Ica Region of Peru, the capital of the Pisco Province. The drink then became a favorite of sailors and workers who visited the port of Pisco. It was exalted for its strong taste and ability to quickly affect the consumer. As trade from Peru to the world grew, so did the popularity of pisco, until it almost equaled wine in quantity as an export.

In 1641, wine imports from Peru into Spain were banned, severely damaging the wine industry in the colony; only a few vineyards that had parallel wine and pisco operations survived this change. Those that did began to concentrate on pisco production, nearly eliminating wine production in Peru.

During the 18th and 19th centuries, pisco was a mainstay on ocean-crossing vessels, drunk mostly by sailors, as officers usually drank whisky or other "finer" spirits. The main reasons for its heyday were the low price and high availability. This position was maintained by pisco until the onset of rum, which won over consumers with lower prices and a softer flavor.

Pisco was also briefly popular in San Francisco and nearby areas of California during the Gold Rush in the 19th century, where it was introduced by Chilean and Peruvian miners. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The California Gold Rush (1848&ndash1855 began on January 24 1848 when Gold was discovered by James Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California

Etymology

Pisco received its name from the town of Pisco, located on the coast of Peru. ^[1] The origins of the word pisco can be traced to the Quechua language where the birds that inhabited the valleys of the Ica region were called pisqu (or any of: pisco, pisku, phishgo, pichiu, pisccu depending on the orthography). Quechua ( Runa Simi) is a Native American language of South America. Ica is a region in Peru. It borders the Pacific Ocean on the west the Lima Region on the north the Huancavelica and Ayacucho The orthography of a language specifies the correct way of using a specific Writing system to write the language

Modern History

After the South American independence period, vineyards whose main product was pisco were located solely in what was then Peru, due to geographical and political divisions left by the Spaniards. However, during the War of the Pacific, Peru was effectively defeated and became an occupied nation, until the Treaty of Ancon in 1883 ceded the desert area of Tarapaca to Chile; this desert area was used to produce a pisco adapting the Peruvian techniques. The War of the Pacific, sometimes called the Saltpeter War in reference to its original cause was fought between Chile and the joint forces of Bolivia The Treaty of Ancón was signed by Peru and Chile on 20 October 1883, in the Ancón District near Lima. Provinces and municipalities Iquique 2 Iquique (Regional and provincial capital Alto Hospicio In the occupation years, the attempts by Chile to convert the people of the occupied territories to Chilean sentiments, combined with the constant uprisings by Peruvian nationalists led to a severe disruption in pisco production in the entire Atacama region. Atacama redirects here for the political-administrative region of Chile, see Atacama Region. It was not until several years later, in 1929, that definitive boundaries were established and the situation began to calm. In the newly conquered Pica and Pozo Almonte oasis of Tarapaca, the Chilean government banned the production of wine due to the high grade of "Peruvianity" (some Peruvian presidents had links with the wine production there), thereafter the oasis changed the production to fruits instead. Pozo Almonte is a city and comune of Chile located in the Tamarugal Province, I Region of Tarapacá. Provinces and municipalities Iquique 2 Iquique (Regional and provincial capital Alto Hospicio This has also been interpreted as a war for the wine production in the southern hemisphere. Since then Chile's Central Valley has had the biggest wine production in the southern hemisphere.

In the years between the 1880s and the 1940s, pisco production was severely hampered in Peru due to the national reconstruction taking place and the widespread misery due to the destruction of the nation's production, military and political infrastructure; and in Chile because of the aforementioned instability in the region.

Currently, Chile markets pisco in much greater quantities than Peru producing nearly 50 times more per year. ^[2][3]

Peru

It is important to remark the fact that Pisco production was never stopped in Peru and there is many documents demostrating that fact. In the 1940s one of the most emblematic brands of Pisco was founded by two cousins from Italy, Pedro Raggio and Francisco Queirolo. After the death of Pedro Raggio and later his brother Vittorio Raggio, the Queirolo family took over and still today manufacture the pisco and wine product in the city of Magdalena. Many Peruvians agree that Queirolo pisco excels all other piscos. Production ramped up and Peru began to export pisco as a national product at that time, however, due to the nation's focus on raw materials exports, pisco was not given much prominence. National sentiment began to flare up in the 1960s when Chile decided to ban all imports of any product denominated "pisco" coming from Peru. From that time on, Peru has been constantly trying to enforce the denomination of "pisco" as a Peruvian-only product, beginning at first with internal rules and regulations pertaining to the harvesting of grapes, distillation and storage requirements for a product to be named "pisco", and finally establishing trademarks and other legal processes. A trademark or trade mark, represented by the symbols ™ and ®, or mark is a distinctive sign or indicator used by an individual Peru has presented an application for international registration in the WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization), according to the Lisbon Agreement (23 countries parties). The World Intellectual Property Organization ( WIPO) is one of the 16 specialized agencies of the United Nations. After one year from the date of receipt of the application, the protection of the appellation of origin takes effect in all member countries of the Lisbon Union that have not rejected it [1].

Varieties

Early Production

Chilean "Pisco Aviador" label from 1915

The black grape taken to Peru by the Spanish suffered due to its adaptation to soil and weather conditions in the province of Pisco, eventually stabilizing in a new variety named "Quebranta", purportedly named because the original grape was "broken" (Spanish quebrar), or tamed, for its new environment. Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Almost all early pisco was produced from this variety of grape. Others used any grape available at the time, however, since only the largest vineyards (and those with dedicated pisco distilleries) were able to produce exportable volume, Quebranta was the only variety exported, since it was the preferred grape for pisco production.

Peruvian Pisco

In the years following the re-establishment of pisco production, many grapes were used to produce pisco, leading to a wide variation in flavor, aroma, viscosity and appearance of the liquor. Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a Fluid which is being deformed by either Shear stress or Extensional stress. This harmed attempts to export the product under a single denomination since there could be enormous differences between the contents of bottles sold as pisco. As such, a number of regulations were established to counteract this situation and set a baseline for a product to carry the name.

Four levels of pisco were thus designated:

• Pure, made from a single variety of grape, mostly Quebranta, although Mollar or Common Black can be used; however, no blending between varieties is accepted ("pure" pisco should contain only one variety of grape). For the Tokyo University supercomputer see Gravity Pipe. GRAPE, or GRA phics P rogramming E nvironment is
• Aromatic, made from Muscat or Muscat-derived grape varieties, and also from Italia and Torontel grape varieties; once again, the pisco should only contain one variety of grape in any production lot. The muscat family of Grapes of the species Vitis vinifera is widely grown for Wine, Raisins and Table grapes Their color
• Green Must, distilled from partially fermented must, this must be distilled before the fermentation process has completely transformed sugars into alcohol. Fermentation in Food processing typically refers to the conversion of Sugar to Alcohol using Yeast under Anaerobic conditions MUST may refer to Militära underrättelse- och säkerhetstjänsten, the Swedish Military Intelligence and Security Service Misr University
• Acholado (Half-breed), blended from the must of several varieties of grape. For the Tokyo University supercomputer see Gravity Pipe. GRAPE, or GRA phics P rogramming E nvironment is

The order is not established on quality, it is simply listed in that way in Peruvian publications.

Some other specific restrictions of note are:

• Aging: pisco must be aged for a minimum of three months in vessels of "glass, stainless steel or any other material which does not alter its physical, chemical or organic properties".
• Additives: no additives of any kind may be added to the pisco that could alter its flavor, odor, appearance or alcoholic proof.

Pure pisco is a very viscous liquid, slightly more so than vodka and comparable to Sambuca. Vodka is one of the world's most popular Distilled beverages It is a clear liquid which consists of mostly Water and Ethanol purified by Distillation Sambuca is an Italian Aniseed -flavored usually colorless Liqueur. It has an odor which is vaguely reminiscent of reeds. Its flavor is very smooth and almost non-alcoholic, which can be very deceptive, with the result that many first-time drinkers often drink to excess and can quickly become inebriated without noticing. Some people consider it "heresy" to mix pure pisco with anything else, and it is generally accepted that it should be drunk alone, even to the exclusion of ice.

Aromatic is rarely seen nowadays, as its production has almost ceased in Peru, since according to Peruvian specifications, some Chilean pisco would be classified as aromatic, provided that the restriction of 'no additives' is obeyed. See the Chilean pisco section for more information.

Green Must is generally seen in high income environments. Its grape taste is very strong, as is its fruity perfume.

Acholado is gaining popularity due to its sweetness, both in odor and flavor, making it a favorite for Pisco sour, a mixed drink. A Pisco Sour is a Cocktail containing Pisco (a regional Brandy) Lemon juice egg whites Simple syrup, and regional The acholado variety is also preferred due to its "kick", which can be felt immediately after drinking, one can literally feel the drink making its way to the stomach.

Chilean Pisco

During the adaptation of many vineyards to pisco production, the most widespread grape was used as raw material, namely the Muscat, with some vineyards preferring the Torontel and Pedro Jiménez varieties. The muscat family of Grapes of the species Vitis vinifera is widely grown for Wine, Raisins and Table grapes Their color Pedro Ximénez (also known as PX and many other variations is the name of a white Grape grown in certain regions of Spain, and also a Varietal As is the case with Peru, regulations for pisco designations have been enacted in Chile:

• Regular, 30% to 35% (60 to 70 proof).
• Special, 35% to 40% (70 to 80 proof).
• Reserve, 40% to 43% (80 to 86 proof).
• Great, 43% or more (86 or more proof).

No distinction between varietal mixes is made other than it is restricted to the three kinds of grapes named before.

Regular pisco is quite bland in taste, reminiscent of a weak rum, and its odor is very sweet and woody with a slight yellowish tinge to the color.

Special and reserve are very similar in flavor and color, both being very sweet and of a cloudy yellowish color. The flavor is much stronger than regular pisco and leaves an alcoholic aftertaste in the mouth, similar to bourbon. Bourbon is an American Whiskey, a type of distilled spirit, made primarily from Corn and named for Bourbon County Kentucky.

Great pisco has a commanding odor and a very pleasant dark yellow color, it is not as sweet as the other varieties, yet it carries strong woody flavor the others lack.

The yellowish to amber color in Chilean pisco is due to the wood aging process, with the darker colors being a telltale sign that they have been aged longer. Not all Chilean pisco is tinge, and the more mass scale brands can be clear.

Comparison

Dispute

There is a long-standing debate between Peru and Chile as to the rightful owner of the "pisco" denomination, as it can be clearly seen by the specifications listed above, there is a difference between the products. Peru claims proprietorship on the basis of historical arguments, mainly that pisco originated in Peru and is still made in the traditional way only in Peru, where the regulations ensure this. Many also push the argument that Chile simply "stole" pisco production from Peru during the War of the Pacific and, therefore, cannot claim it as a national product. The War of the Pacific, sometimes called the Saltpeter War in reference to its original cause was fought between Chile and the joint forces of Bolivia Chile also claims that its larger production and marketing efforts have popularized pisco, and that what the world recognizes as pisco today is the Chilean variety.

Both nations have established decrees, laws, regulations, treaties, etc. in order to protect their pisco product as the canonical pisco, though their efforts have been markedly opposite. Chile has concentrated on internal regulations, specifying from what a "pisco grape" is to what a "pisco bottle" is, in order to establish standardization among its products. This way, Chile started to trade and promote its product as Pisco. On the other hand, concentrated more in the artesanal and traditional production, started to focus on the international arena claiming for an Origin Denomination arguing that only Peruvian Pisco can be called Pisco and chilean produdct is another type of Aguardiente. Aguardiente ( Spanish) aguardente ( Portuguese) or augardente ( Galician) is the generic name for alcoholic drinks between 29 and 45 However, Chile has traded far more its chilean pisco but only Peruvian Pisco has been the only one recognized by Lisboa Treaty with an Origin denomination.

Chile actions

• 1873 National decree, which opened a register to track national producers and trademarks for pisco.
• 1916 - 1954: Chilean pisco was exempted from all taxes imposed on alcoholic beverages.
• 1931: Law Decree 181 defined pisco as distilled wine brandy produced in Regions III & IV
• 1936: Law Decree 5. 798 changed the name of "La Unión" to "Pisco Elqui" to associate it with pisco production.
• 1954 - 1974: Chilean pisco was taxed at 50% the rate for all alcoholic beverages.
• 1974: Law Decree 826 established a 40% tax on local alcoholic beverages and a 90% tax on all imported alcoholic beverages.
• 1977; Law Decree 2. 057 reduced the tax on pisco to 25% and to 30% for all other alcoholic beverages.
• 1983: Tax on non-pisco alcoholic beverages was increased to 50%
• 1984: Tax on whisky increased to 55%, all other alcoholic beverages except pisco lowered to 30%, pisco remained at 25%
• 1985: Law Decree 18. 455 established "pisco" as reserved to firewater produced and bottled, in consumable quantities, in Regions III and IV, elaborated by the distillation of genuine wine, originating from specified varietals, grown in said regions.
• 1986: Supreme Decree 78 established allowed additives, grape varieties and zones for production of firewater to be named "pisco". It also designated the different varieties of pisco according to alcoholic proof. This also established that the 'only' difference between the varieties is the alcohol content.
• 1998: Created a de facto monopoly by fusing the two largest pisco manufacturers, whose combined market share was 98%.
• 1997: Law Decree 19. 534 established pisco tax at 25%, whisky at 70% and all other alcoholic beverages at 30%, imported alcoholic beverages add a 50% tax.

International

• 1996: trade agreement with Canada regarding recognition "Chileann pisco" as a geographical indication of Chile. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page
• 1998: trade agreement with Mexico regarding recognition "Pisco" as a designation of origin of Chile, without prejudice to denominating any product from Peru as "pisco". The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America.
• 2002: association agreement with European Union introduced text regarding recognition "Pisco" as a designation of origin of Chile, without prejudice to denominating any product from Peru as "pisco". The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in
• 2003: trade agreements with U.S. regarding recognition "Chilean pisco" as a distinctive product. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
• 2003: trade agreements with Korea regarding recognition "Pisco" as a designation of origin of Chile, without prejudice to denominating any product from Peru as "pisco". Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia.
• 2005: P-4 agreement with New Zealand, Singapore and Brunei regarding recognition "Pisco" as a designation of origin of Chile. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Singapore Brunei Darussalam, (bruːˈnaɪ in English officially the State of Brunei Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam Jawi: برني دارالسلام
• 2005: trade agreements with People's Republic of China regarding recognition "Chilean pisco" as a geographical indication of Chile. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES
• 2007: strategic economic agreements with Japan regarding recognition "Chilean pisco" as a geographical indication of Chile. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics.

Peru actions

• 1932: Supreme Resolution N° 52, restricted the use of the designation "grape based brandy".
• 1931: Made it compulsory to serve Peruvian wines and liquors in official acts held in the Government House.
• 1940: Ministerial Resolution, prohibited the admission of cane brandy to the viticulture area of pisco.
• 1941: Supreme Resolution N° 151, stipulated the restricted use of grape brandy and cognac.
• 1946: Supreme Resolution N° 1207, defined the designations of pisco, grape based aguardiente and others.
• 1947: Ministerial Resolution, ratified the prohibitions regarding the use of sugar in manufacturing molasses, spirits, brandy and wine.
• 1950: Director’s Resolution N° 13, pointed out the date and terms for distillation of musts, watery wines and for washing spirits in the preparation process of grape based brandy.
• 1963: Sanitary Code of Foods in which "pisco" was defined as the product obtained from the distillation of fermented grape musts.
• 1963: Law N° 14729, established a 4% tax rate upon the gross trade value of alcoholic beverages in Peru, exempting pisco. This measure was taken as a means of fostering its preparation. This law stipulated that this tax affected cane brandies, wine, spirits, beers and any kind of alcoholic beverage and similar, exempting Peruvian grape based pisco and wine.
• 1964: Supreme Resolution N° 519-H, established the use of visible signs that make it easy for payment of taxes on the sale of alcoholic beverages.
• 1988: Resolution No. 179, issued by the National Institute of Culture where the word "pisco" was declared National Cultural Heritage.
• 1990: Supreme Decree N° 023-90, stipulated that denominations of origin should be recognized by ITINTEC, thus including the above-mentioned principle in Peruvian law.
• 1990: Director’s Resolution N° 072087-DIPI, issued by the Industrial Property Bureau, stated that the designation of "pisco" has a Peruvian origin and refers to products resulting from the distillation of wines derived from the fermentation of fresh grapes in the coastline of the Lima, Ica, Arequipa, and Moquegua departments, and the valleys of Locumba, Sama and Caplina in the Tacna Department. Lima Region, also known as Lima Provincias, is one of twenty-five regions of Peru. Ica is a region in Peru. It borders the Pacific Ocean on the west the Lima Region on the north the Huancavelica and Ayacucho Arequipa is a region in southwestern Peru. It is bordered by the Ica, Ayacucho, Apurímac and Cusco regions on the north the Moquegua is a small department in southern Peru that extends from the coast to the highlands The Caplina River is a River in southern Peru. It runs through the city of Tacna, after which it gets dry due to Filtration, Evaporation Tacna is the southernmost region in Peru. Its name originates from the Quechua words taka ("hit" and na ("something
• 1991: Supreme Decree N° 001-91-ICTI/IND, officially recognized "pisco" as a denomination of Peruvian origin for products obtained by distillation of wine derived from the fermentation of fresh grapes in the coastline of Lima, Ica, Arequipa, Moquegua and the valleys of Locumba, Sama and Caplina in the department of Tacna.
• 1995: Law N° 26426, regulated the production and commercialization of national alcoholic beverages.
• 2001: Supreme Resolution Nº 247-2001-Itinci, established the Multisectorial Committee in charge of preparing a regulatory proposal corresponding to the creation of Ruling Councils and the Ruling Council of the Denomination of Origin Pisco.

International

• Bolivia: Resolution Nº OPIB/D. O/01/98 from the Intellectual Property Bureau of Bolivia dated January 5, 1998. Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar)
• Ecuador: Resolution Nº 0962384 of the Industrial Property National Bureau, published in January 15, 1998. Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar)
• Colombia: Resolution No. 01529 of the Superintendence of Industry and Commerce of Colombia dated February 1, 1999. Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar)
• Venezuela: Resolution Nº 0345 of the Autonomous Service of Intellectual Property published in the Bulletin of Industrial Property of Venezuela dated May 8, 1998. Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar)
• Panama: Decree Nº 1628 of the General Bureau of Registry of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry by which Resolution No. 8871 No. 8871 dated July 27, 1999 is issued. Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar)
• Guatemala: Final Resolutions of files 2801-97 and 2802-97 of the Registry of Intellectual Property dated June 12, 1998. Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar)
• Nicaragua: Resolution No. 2911435 of the Ministry of Promotion, Industry and Commerce dated September 1, 1999. Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar)
• Costa Rica: Registry No 114662 of the Registry of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Justice and Grace dated July 2. Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival 1999.
• Cuba: Agreement entered between the Government of the Republic of Peru and the Republic of Cuba regarding the mutual recognition of protection of their denominations of origin dated October 10, 2000. Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.
• World Intellectual Property Organization received an application for international registration of an appellation of origin "pisco" like a beverage of Peruvian origin (Registry 065, July 2005). Such recognition applies to all states signing the Lisbon Treaty, but the member States have the right, within a period of one year from the date of receipt by that country of the notification, to issue a refusal of protection in relation to the appellation of origin in question (see further at Lisbon System for the International Registration of Appellations of Origin (WIPO)) Officially refused by France, Italy, Mexico, Costa Rica, Portugal, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Bulgaria. Application remained unanswered by rest of members of the Lisbon System, those being Burkina Faso, North Korea, Cuba, Iran, Haiti, Serbia and Montenegro, Congo, Algeria, Gabon, Georgia, Nicaragua, Tunisia, Israel, Togo and Moldavia.

Cocktails

Some of the most popular cocktails with pisco include:

• Canario
• Capitán
• Chilcano de Pisco, a cocktail made with Peruvian Pisco, lemon juice, and ginger ale. José Alberto (born in December 22, 1958 in Villa Consuelo district Santo Domingo, the Dominican Republic, as José Alberto
• Piscola, also called "national cocktail" (Spanish: Combinado nacional or combinado) a Chilean cocktail prepared mixing Coca-Cola and Pisco. A highball is the name for a family of Mixed drinks that are composed of an alcoholic base spirit and a larger proportion of a non-alcoholic mixer Coca-Cola is a carbonated Soft drink sold in stores restaurants and Vending machines in more than 200 countries
• Tiger tail: a variant from Piscola. A highball is the name for a family of Mixed drinks that are composed of an alcoholic base spirit and a larger proportion of a non-alcoholic mixer First serve the Coca-Cola, then place a fabric napkin on the top of the glass and serve slowly the Pisco through it. Coca-Cola is a carbonated Soft drink sold in stores restaurants and Vending machines in more than 200 countries
• Pisco Collins
• Pisco punch, was a punch made with Peruvian pisco brandy, very popular in San Francisco, California at the end of the 1800s and beginnings of the 1900s. Pisco punch was an alcoholic beverage invented by Duncan Nicol at a bar named Bank Exchange at the end of the 1800s in San Francisco, California
• Pisco Sour
• Perú Libre, a cocktail prepared by mixing Peruvian Pisco with Coke. A Pisco Sour is a Cocktail containing Pisco (a regional Brandy) Lemon juice egg whites Simple syrup, and regional Also known as "Sol y Sombra" (Sun and Shadow).
• Serena Libre, a cocktail prepared by mixing Chilean Pisco with papaya juice. Serena libre is an alcoholic Cocktail made of Pisco and Chilean papaya juice that was created during the 1990s in the bars of La Serena,
• Algarrobina Pisco with Algarrobina syrup, cinnamon, egg yolk, and cream. (Carob syrup can be substituted for algarrobina syrup, but the taste is slightly different)
• Love at First Pisco (tm) Pisco Montesierpe, 5 fresh strawberries muddled, Chambord, Grand Marnier and a splash of simple syrup. Created by Herbie Loebl at the Sonesta Hotel Coconut Grove, FL. Find more recipes on discoverpisco.com
• Monte Pisco (tm) (or Pisco Elder Flower Sour) Pisco Montesierpe Quebranta, St Germain Liquer, Lime Juice. First made at Prime 112 South Beach. More great recipes for Montesierpe on discoverpisco.com
• Pisco Passion (tm) Montesierpe, passion fruit pulp, lime juice, simple syrup. discoverpisco.com

See also

• List of piscos

References

External links

• Defense of the Peruvian denomination of origin, Embassy of Peru (. pdf)
• Go to Discoverpisco.com to learn more about Pisco in the US and one of the oldest distilleries in existence, home of Montesierpe
• Pisco Liquor Dispute between Chile and Peru
• PiscoesPeru.com
• Pisco Liquor in UK
• Pisco en Peru
• Pisco information, Peru
• Wings of Cherubs - The Saga of the Rediscovery of Pisco Punch, Old San Francisco's Mystery Drink
• Pisco at Peru Taste

External Video Links

• Pisco: Cultural Heritage of Peru. 1st.part.7:39 minutes at YouTube Covering the history of the brandy, the history of the name "pisco", and the tourist circuits of pisco in Peru. YouTube is a video sharing website where users can upload view and share Video clips YouTube was created in February 2005 by three former PayPal employees
• Pisco: Cultural Heritage of Peru. 2nd.part. 5:17 minutes at YouTube Covering the bar and kitchen uses of pisco, the history of pisco sour, the pisco role in the Peruvian cuisine, and the cultural heritage it represents to Peru. YouTube is a video sharing website where users can upload view and share Video clips YouTube was created in February 2005 by three former PayPal employees
• The new pisco glass by Riedel Glass at YouTube A news report on the Peruvian campaign launching a new glass design by the famous Austrian company. YouTube is a video sharing website where users can upload view and share Video clips YouTube was created in February 2005 by three former PayPal employees (In Spanish)
• Travelistic: Pisco is Peru The Thirsty Traveler takes a tour of a veritable pisco museum, learning the ins and outs of Peru's tastiest nectar.
• How to make a piscola Video at YouTube Piscola, how to make traditional Pisco and Cola mixed drink, consumed by Chileans. YouTube is a video sharing website where users can upload view and share Video clips YouTube was created in February 2005 by three former PayPal employees