Perth (Scottish Gaelic: Peairt) is a royal burgh in central Scotland. Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. Scots ( The Scots leid) refers to Anglic varieties derived from early northern Middle English spoken in parts of Scotland and Northern Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude For local government purposes Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as "council areas" which are all governed by unitary authorities designated as Perth and Kinross ( Peairt agus Ceann Rois in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland, and a Lieutenancy Area. The Lieutenancy areas of Scotland are the areas used for the ceremonial lord-lieutenants, the monarch 's representatives in Scotland. Perth and Kinross ( Peairt agus Ceann Rois in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland, and a Lieutenancy Area. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The PH postcode area, also known as the Perth postcode area, is a group of postal districts around Aberfeldy, Acharacle, Arisaig, Auchterarder The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. Tayside Police is the Police force covering the Scottish council areas of Angus, City of Dundee and Perth and Kinross The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Tayside Fire and Rescue Service is the Statutory fire and rescue service for the area of Tayside and covering a geographical area of 7500 square kilometres SASDivmap copyjpg|right|200px]] Helimed5jpg|thumb|right|EC-135 G-SASA "Helimed 5" based at Glasgow City Heliport]] The Scottish Ambulance Service ( Scottish Scotland constitutes a single Constituency of the European Parliament. This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Ochil and South Perthshire is a County constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Perth and North Perthshire is a County constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, representing at any one time The Scottish Parliament ( Scottish Gaelic: Pàrlamaid na h-Alba; Scots: Scottish Pairlament) is the devlolved national unicameral Perth is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament ( Holyrood) Constituencies and council areas The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and boundaries of Westminster constituencies as existing in at that time A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates This List of places in Scotland is a complete collection of lists of places in Scotland. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. A royal burgh was a type of Scottish Burgh which had been founded by or subsequently granted a Royal charter. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Sitting on the banks of the River Tay, it is the administrative headquarters of Perth and Kinross council area. The Tay ( Gaelic: Tatha) is a river starting in the Highlands and flowing down into the centre of Scotland through Perth and Perth and Kinross ( Peairt agus Ceann Rois in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland, and a Lieutenancy Area. For local government purposes Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as "council areas" which are all governed by unitary authorities designated as Perth was a large burgh prior to 1975, and the county town of the former county of Perthshire. In 1930 the Scottish Burghs were split into two types large burghs and Small burghs The councils of large burghs had more responsibilities and A county town is the 'capital' of a County in the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland. The counties of Scotland were the principal divisions of Scotland until 1975 Perthshire ( Siorrachd Pheairt in Gaelic) officially the County of Perth, is a Registration county in central Scotland.
The name Perth has hence been used for a number of other settlements around the world. Perth may refer to Perth may refer to The most notable of these is Perth, Western Australia — named such at the wish of Sir George Murray, Secretary of State for War and the Colonies, who was born in Perth. Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. The Secretary of State for War and the Colonies was a British cabinet level position responsible for the army and the British colonies (other than India Perth is popularly referred to as The Fair City, although per a redefinition of city status in the United Kingdom (see below), it is no longer officially classed as a city. Perth (Peairt is a town and former Royal burgh in central Scotland.
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Name
The name Perth derives from a Pictish word for wood or copse, and links the town to the Picts described by the Romans, who subsequently joined with the Scots to form the kingdom of Alba which later became known as Scotland. Pictish is a term used for the Extinct language or languages thought to have been spoken by the Picts, the people of northern and central Scotland The Picts were a Confederation of tribes in what was later to become eastern and northern Scotland from Roman times until the 10th century The Scots people ( Scots Gaelic: Albannaich) are a Nation and an Ethnic group indigenous to Scotland. Alba is the Scottish Gaelic name (ˈalˠ̪əpə for Scotland. During much of the medieval period the town was known colloquially as "St. John's Toun" because the church at the centre of the parish was dedicated to St. John the Baptist. Saint John the Baptist ( heb. Jochanan ben Sacharja, arab. يحيى Yaḥyā or يوحنا Yūḥanna, aram. It stands on St. John Street. In addition, the town's original name is still preserved in the town's football club, St. Johnstone. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered St Johnstone Football Club is a professional football club based in Perth Scotland.
History
Finds in and around Perth show that it was occupied by the Mesolithic hunter-gatherers who arrived in the area more than 8,000 years ago. The Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age was a period in the development of human technology in between the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age and the Neolithic or New Stone Age A hunter-gatherer society is one whose primary subsistence method involves the direct procurement of edible plants and animals from the wild Foraging and Hunting [1] Nearby Neolithic standing stones and circles followed the introduction of farming from about 4,000 BC, and a remarkably well preserved Bronze age log boat dated to around 1000 BC was found in the mudflats of the River Tay at Carpow to the east of Perth. The Neolithic (from Greek νεολιθικός — neolithikos from νέος neos, "new" + λίθος lithos The term Bronze Age refers to a period in human cultural development when the most advanced Metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use included techniques for A canoe is a small narrow Boat, typically human-powered though it may also be powered by sails or small electric or gas motors Mudflats (also tidal flats, tide flats, etc are coastal wetlands that form when mud is deposited by tides or rivers The Tay ( Gaelic: Tatha) is a river starting in the Highlands and flowing down into the centre of Scotland through Perth and [2] Carpow was also the site of a Roman legionary fortress. For other uses see Legion The Roman Legion (from Latin legio "military levy Conscription," [3]
Early medieval period
Perth's Pictish name, and some archaeological evidence, indicate that there must have been a settlement here from earlier times, probably at a point where a river crossing or crossings coincided with a slightly raised natural mound on the west bank of the Tay (which at Perth flows north-south), thus giving some protection for settlement from the frequent flooding. The presence of Scone two miles northeast, a royal centre of Alba from at least the reign of Kenneth I mac Ailpín (843-58), later the site of the major Augustinian abbey of the same name founded by Alexander I (1107-24), will have enhanced Perth's early importance. Alba is the Scottish Gaelic name (ˈalˠ̪əpə for Scotland. Cináed mac Ailpín ( Modern Gaelic: Coinneach mac Ailpein) commonly Anglicised as Kenneth MacAlpin and known in most modern regnal lists as The Augustinians, named after Saint Augustine of Hippo (died AD 430) are several Catholic Monastic orders and congregations Alexander I ( Mediaeval Gaelic: Alaxandair mac Maíl Coluim, Modern Gaelic: Alasdair mac Mhaol Chaluim) (c It was for long the effective 'capital' of Scotland, due to the frequent residence of the royal court. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It was at Scone Abbey that the Stone of Destiny was kept, and on it the Kings of Scots were crowned down to Alexander III (1249-86). Scone Abbey (originally Scone Priory) was a house of Augustinian canons based at Scone, Perthshire ( Gowrie) The Stone of Scone (ˈskuːn also commonly known as the Stone of Destiny or the Coronation Stone is an oblong block of red Sandstone, about by by in Alexander III ( Medieval Gaelic: Alaxandair mac Alaxandair; Modern Gaelic Alasdair mac Alasdair) (4 September 1241 – 19 March 1286 King of Scots
12th and 13th centuries
King David I (1124-53) granted burgh status to the town in the early 12th century, and documents from this time refer to the status of the kirk there. David I or Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim ( Modern: Daibhidh I mac Chaluim; b A Burgh (ˈbʌʀə is an autonomous corporate entity in Scotland, usually a Town. Kirk can mean " church " in general or the Church of Scotland in particular Many of the records taken from this time were the result of the arrival of the Dominicans or Blackfriars; Blackfriars, Perth, was established by Alexander II (1214-49) by 1240. The Order of Preachers ( Latin: Ordo Praedicatorum) after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is The Church of the Friars Preachers of St Andrew at Perth, commonly called " Blackfriars " was a Mendicant Friary of the Dominican Order Alexander II ( Mediaeval Gaelic: Alaxandair mac Uilliam; Modern Gaelic Alasdair mac Uilleim) (24 August 1198 &ndash 6 July 1249 King of Scots In the 12th and 13th centuries, Perth was one of the richest trading burghs in the kingdom (along with such towns as Berwick, Aberdeen and Roxburgh), residence of numerous craftsmen, organised into guilds (eg the Hammermen [metalworkers] or Glovers). The Royal Burgh of North Berwick is a seaside town in East Lothian, Scotland. Aberdeen ( pronounced; Aiberdeen Obar Dheathain is Scotland 's third most populous city and one of Scotland's 32 local government council The destroyed Royal burgh of Roxburgh (or Rosbroch) was an important trading Burgh in High Medieval to early modern Scotland There was probably some decline in prosperity during the numerous wars of the 14th century. The town also carried out an extensive trade with the Continent, and examples of foreign luxury goods have been recovered from excavations within the town (e. g. , Spanish silk, fine pottery from France; wine will also have been a major import, not least for the use of the Church). The main destinations were France, the Low Countries and the Baltic. Medieval crafts are still remembered in some of the town's old street names, e. g, Skinnergate, Cutlog Vennel.
The royal castle (on or near the site of the present multi-storey car park adjacent to the new council offices), was destroyed by a flood of the Tay in 1209, one of many that have afflicted Perth over the centuries. William I (1142-1214) restored Perth's burgh status, while it remained as the nominal capital of Scotland. William I ( Mediaeval Gaelic: Uilliam mac Eanric; Modern Gaelic Uilleam mac Eanraig) known as the Lion or Garbh, "the Rough"
14th century: English occupation
King Edward I of England brought his armies to Perth in 1296 where the town, with only a ditch for defence and little fortification, fell quickly. Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland A ditch is usually defined as a small to moderate depression created to channel Water. Stronger fortifications were quickly implemented by the English, and plans to wall the town took shape in 1304. They remained standing until Robert the Bruce's recapture of Perth in 1313. Robert I King of Scots ( 11 July, 1274 &ndash 7 June, 1329) usually known in modern English as Robert the Bruce ( He ordered the defences destroyed.
In 1332, the pretender Edward Balliol, son of John of Balliol, invaded to claim the throne of Scotland with the backing of Edward III of England. Edward de Balliol (c 1282&ndash1364 was the short-lived King of Scotland during the simultaneous reign of King David II. John of Balliol may refer to John 5th Baron Balliol (died c1269 John I of Scotland, the son of the above Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Edward III (13 November 1312 &ndash 21 June 1377 was one of the most successful English monarchs of the Middle Ages. Robert the Bruce had died three years previously, and the regent of his infant son David II fell quickly at the hands of Balliol's army at the battle of Dupplin Moor. Daibhidh a Briuis ( Modern Gaelic: Dàibhidh Bruis) anglicised as David II ( 5 March 1324 &ndash 22 February Battle of Dupplin Moor was fought between supporters of the infant David II, the son of Robert the Bruce, and rebels supporting the Balliol claim in Balliol took Perth and the throne in September, and the Scottish Civil War ensued. The Wars of Scottish Independence were a series of military campaigns fought between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England in the late 13th Balliol himself was driven out quickly, only to return the next year. His deposition was only made complete in 1336; his supporters were eventually driven from Perth in 1339. As part of a plan to make Perth a permanent English base within Scotland, Edward III forced six monasteries in Perthshire and Fife to pay for the construction of massive stone defensive walls, towers and fortified gates around the town (1336). Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Edward III (13 November 1312 &ndash 21 June 1377 was one of the most successful English monarchs of the Middle Ages. Perthshire ( Siorrachd Pheairt in Gaelic) officially the County of Perth, is a Registration county in central Scotland. Fife ( Gaelic: Fìobha) is a Council area of Scotland, situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland These followed roughly the lines of present day Albert Close, Mill Street, South Methven Street, Charterhouse Lane and Canal Street (these streets evolved from a lane around the inside of the walls). The town lade, which was led off the River Almond in an artificial channel to power the burgh mills, formed an additional line of defence around the walls. The walls were pierced by several ports or gates, whose names are still remembered: the Red Brig Port (end of Skinnergate), Turret Brig Port (end of High Street), Southgait Port (end of South Street) and the Spey Port (end of Speygate). There was probably also a minor gate leading to Curfew Row. These defences were the strongest of any town in Scotland in the Middle Ages. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Though still largely complete at the time of the 1745 Jacobite Rebellion, they began to be demolished from the second half of the 18th century, and there are now no visible remains, at least above ground. Year 1745 ( MDCCXLV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings rebellions and wars in the kingdoms of England, Kingdom of Scotland (later the United Kingdom of Great Britain The last tower, called the Monk's Tower (corner of Tay Street and Canal Street) was demolished about 1810. Year 1810 ( MDCCCX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year
Late 14th and 15th century
During the Middle Ages, Perth's only parish church was the Burgh Kirk of St. John the Baptist. With the town centre dominated by this huge building, Perth is frequently referred to as 'Sanct John's Toun of Perth' (or variants) in old documents. The local football team is still St. Johnstone. St Johnstone Football Club is a professional football club based in Perth Scotland. The present church, though of much earlier origins, was constructed from the 15th century onwards. Though much altered, its tower and lead-clad spire continue to dominate the Perth skyline. Characteristics Lead has a dull luster and is a dense, Ductile, very soft highly The Church has lost its medieval south porch and sacristy, and the north transept was shortened during the course of the 19th century during street-widening. A sacristy is a room for keeping Vestments (such as the Cassock and Chasuble) and other church furnishings sacred vessels and parish records Full descriptions of the elements of a Gothic floorplan are found at the entry Cathedral diagram. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The building was split into three congregations (the East, West and Middle Kirks), divided by internal walls, after the Reformation, and was only returned to its medieval proportions in the 1920s by Sir Robert Lorimer, who restored the building as a war-memorial for those soldiers from Perthshire who had fallen in the Great War. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time Sir Robert Stodart Lorimer (1864–1929 was a prolific Scottish Architect noted for his restoration work on Historic houses and Castles, Perthshire ( Siorrachd Pheairt in Gaelic) officially the County of Perth, is a Registration county in central Scotland. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Despite the damage done to the Church during and after the Reformation, it contains the largest collection of medieval bells still in their original building in Great Britain. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands Another rare treasure, a unique survival in Scotland, is a 15th century brass candelabrum, imported from the Low Countries. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The Low Countries, the historical region of de Nederlanden, are the countries on low-lying land around the delta of the Rhine, Scheldt The survival of this object is all the more remarkable as it includes a statuette of the Virgin Mary. St. John's Kirk also had the finest collection of post-Reformation church plate in Scotland (now housed permanently in Perth Museum and Art Gallery). Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain.
Medieval Perth had many other ecclesiastical buildings, including the houses of the Dominicans (Blackfriars), Observantine Franciscans (Greyfriars) and Perth Charterhouse, Scotland's only Carthusian Priory, or "Charterhouse". The Order of Preachers ( Latin: Ordo Praedicatorum) after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is The term Franciscan is commonly used to refer to members of Catholic Perth Charterhouse or Perth Priory, known in Latin as Domus Vallis Virtutis ("House of the Valley of Virtue" was a monastic The Carthusian Order, also called the Order of St Bruno, is a Roman Catholic religious order of enclosed monastics. A little to the west of the town was the house of the Carmelites or Whitefriars, at Tullilum (corner of Jeanfield Road and Riggs Road). The Order of the Brothers of Our Lady of Mount Carmel or Carmelites (sometimes simply Carmel by Synecdoche; Latin: Ordo fratrum Beatæ Also at Tullilum was a manor or tower-house of the bishops of Dunkeld. Dunkeld ( Dùn Chailleann in Scottish Gaelic) is a small town in Strathtay, Perth and Kinross, Scotland, approximately 15 Miles The bishops also owned a house within the burgh itself, at the corner of South Street and Watergate. Other ecclesiastical foundations included the hospitals (with associated chapels) of St. Anne (between South Street and St. John's Place), St. Paul (corner of Newrow and High Street), St. Catherine (location uncertain) and, a little south of the town, St. Mary Magdalene. There were also a number of chapels: St. Mary's (at the east end of High Street, by the end of the medieval bridge), St. Laurence's (at the Horse Cross) and Our Lady of Loretto (Loretto Court). None of these buildings survive above ground, though parts of the buildings of the Blackfriars and Whitefriars have been recovered archaeologically, as has a probable part of the graveyard of St. Laurence's Chapel. In the medieval period, Perth was part of the diocese of St Andrews. St Andrews (Cill Rìmhinn is a Town and former Royal burgh on the east coast of Fife, Scotland.
1396 brought the theatre of trial by combat to Perth. The Fair Maid of Perth (or as it less commonly known St Valentine's Day) is a Novel by Sir Walter Scott. Trial by combat (also wager of battle, trial by battle or judicial duel) was a method of Germanic law to settle accusations in the absence of The Battle of the Clans pitted Clan Chattan against Clan Cameron, each thirty strong, at the town's North Inch. The Battle of the North Inch (also known as the Battle of the Clans) was a hostile encounter that occurred in 1396 in Perth, Scotland, on what A clan is a group of People united by Kinship and descent, which is defined by perceived descent from a common ancestor Perth (Peairt is a town and former Royal burgh in central Scotland. This 'tournament' (actually an attempt to resolve a disruptive Highland feud) took place under the gaze of King Robert III (1390-1406) and his court, who watched the spectacle from the Gilten Arbour, a garden attached to the House of the Blackfriars. Robert III redirects here Robert Curthose of Normandy is also sometimes known as Robert III or Robert II The Church of the Friars Preachers of St Andrew at Perth, commonly called " Blackfriars " was a Mendicant Friary of the Dominican Order Although records vary, Clan Chattan is understood to have won the battle, with the last of their opponents fleeing to safety across the Tay. This combat is a central incident in Sir Walter Scott's novel The Fair Maid of Perth. Sir Walter Scott 1st Baronet (15 August 1771 &ndash 21 September 1832 was a prolific Scottish Historical novelist and Poet popular throughout The Fair Maid of Perth (or as it less commonly known St Valentine's Day) is a Novel by Sir Walter Scott.
The House of the Dominicans or Blackfriars, established by King Alexander II in 1231, was paying host to King James I in 1437 when rebel nobleman forced entry to the building in the middle of the night. Alexander II ( Mediaeval Gaelic: Alaxandair mac Uilliam; Modern Gaelic Alasdair mac Uilleim) (24 August 1198 &ndash 6 July 1249 King of Scots James I ( December 10, 1394 &ndash February 21, 1437) was nominal King of Scots from April 4, 1406, and The Friary lay outside the town walls and was defended only by a ditch. Robert Graham proceeded to stab the King to death; the Queen, Joan Beaufort, and her children escaped to Edinburgh. Joan Beaufort (c 1404 - 15 July 1445) was Queen Consort of the Kingdom of Scotland from 1424 to 1437 being married to Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. Perhaps as a direct result, James was the last king to command from a throne at Perth; the capital was moved to Edinburgh in 1437. Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. James I was buried in Perth in the Carthusian Priory he had founded in 1429. The Carthusian Order, also called the Order of St Bruno, is a Roman Catholic religious order of enclosed monastics. This priory was also the last resting place of Joan Beaufort and Margaret Tudor, Queens of Scotland. Margaret Tudor ( 28 November, 1489 &ndash 18 October 1541) was the elder of the two surviving daughters of Henry VII of England
16th century
While political and religious strife engulfed England in the mid-16th century, John Knox began the Scottish Reformation from grass-roots level with a sermon against 'idolatry' in the burgh kirk of St. John Knox (c 1510 – 24 November 1572 was a Scottish clergyman and leader of the Protestant Reformation who is considered the founder of the Presbyterian The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time John the Baptist in 1559. An inflamed mob quickly destroyed the altars in the Kirk, then attacked the Houses of the Greyfriars and Blackfriars, and the Carthusian Priory. The Church of the Friars Preachers of St Andrew at Perth, commonly called " Blackfriars " was a Mendicant Friary of the Dominican Order The Carthusian Order, also called the Order of St Bruno, is a Roman Catholic religious order of enclosed monastics. Scone Abbey was sacked shortly afterwards. The regent of infant Mary Queen of Scots, her mother Marie de Guise, was successful in quelling the rioting but presbyterianism in Perth remained strong. Mary of Guise (Marie de Guise November 22, 1515 &ndash June 11 1560) was the Queen Consort of James V of Scotland Presbyterianism is a family of Christian denominations within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity
There are no visible remains of the pre-Reformation religious houses of Perth, though their approximate locations are perpetuated in modern street-names.
17th and 18th centuries
Charles II was crowned at Scone, traditional site of the investiture of Kings of Scots, in 1651. Charles II (Charles Stuart 29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685 was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. However, within a year, Oliver Cromwell's Parliamentarians, fresh from victory in the English Civil War, came to Perth. Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 Old Style &ndash 3 September 1658 Old Style) was an English military and political leader best known The Parliament of England was the Legislature of the Kingdom of England. The English Civil War (1642-1651 was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists. Cromwell established a fortified citadel on the South Inch (a large park south of the town) in 1652, one of five built around Scotland at this time to overawe and hold down the country. Perth's hospital, bridge and several dozen houses were demolished to provide building materials for this fort. Even grave slabs from the Greyfriars cemetery were used. It was given to the town in 1661 not long after Cromwell's death, and began almost immediately to be dismantled. The ditch, originally filled with water from the Tay, was still traceable in the late 18th century, but there are now no visible remains. The restoration of Charles II was not without incident, and with the Act of settlement, came the Jacobite uprisings, to which Perth was supportive. Jacobitism was (and to a limited extent remains the political movement dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England, Scotland The town was occupied by Jacobite supporters thrice in total (1689, 1715 and 1745). Year 1715 ( MDCCXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1745 ( MDCCXLV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a
Late 18th century to present
In 1760, Perth Academy was founded, and major industry came to the town, now with a population of 15,000. Year 1760 ( MDCCLX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Linen, leather, bleached products and whisky were its major exports, although the town had been a key port for centuries. Linen is a Textile made from the Fibers of the Flax plant Linum usitatissimum. Leather is a material created through the Tanning of hides and Skins of Animals primarily Cattlehide The Tanning process A bleach is a Chemical that removes color or whitens often via Oxidation. Whisky (uisge-beatha or whiskey (uisce beatha or fuisce) refers to a broad category of Alcoholic beverages that are distilled from fermented ||-||-|-||-||-||-||-||-||-|} A port is a facility for receiving Ships and transferring cargo In 1804, Thomas Dick received an invitation from local patrons to act as teacher in the Secession school at Methven that led to a ten year's residence there for him. Reverend Thomas Dick ( November 24, 1774 in Hilltown, Dundee - July 29, 1857) was a Scottish church minister Methven is a large village in the Scottish region of Perth and Kinross. The school was distinguished by efforts on his part towards popular improvement, including a zealous promotion of the study of science, the foundation of a people's library, and what was substantially a mechanic's institute. Under the name Literary and Philosophical Societies, adapted to the middling and lower ranks of the community, the extension of such establishments was recommended by him in five papers published in the Monthly Magazine in 1814. The Perth Royal Infirmary was built in 1814, although the town remained unsanitary for decades including a cholera epidemic in the 1830s. Year 1814 ( MDCCCXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Cholera, sometimes known as Asiatic cholera or epidemic cholera, is an infectious Gastroenteritis caused by the Bacterium Events and trends Electromagnetic induction discovered by Michael Faraday. Piped water and gas became available in the 1820s, and electricity in 1901. Events and trends Nationalistic independence helped reshape the world during this decade Greece gains independence from the Ottoman Empire Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting
Despite being a garrison town and major developments, social and industrial, during the First World War, Perth remained relatively unchanged according to Dr Bill Harding in his study of the effects of the war on the people of Perth published in On Flows the Tay: Perth and the First World War. (2000).
Given its location, Perth was perfectly placed to become a key transport centre with the coming of the railways. "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. The first railway station in Perth was built in 1848. Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Horse-drawn carriage became popular in the 1890s although they were quickly replaced by electric trams. The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the " Mauve Decade" because William Henry Perkin 's aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that A tram, tramcar, trolley, trolley car, or streetcar is a railborne vehicle, of lighter weight and construction than a Train
Health
Perth Royal Infirmary
Perth Royal Infirmary is the main hospital in Perth. Perth Royal Infirmary situated in Perth is the main district hospital The Royal Infirmary has resided on the current site since 1914 as the new hospital replacing the former Perth City and County Hospital. [4]
Murray Royal Hospital
Murray Royal Hospital is the other hospital in Perth. The hospital caters for forensic psychiatry; pallative medicine and psychiatry patients. The Glenelg ward, formerly the Almond ward, has recently undergone a refurbishment plan which now includes a long term area and rehabiliation unit in 2007. [5]
Murray Royal was opened in 1827 as James Murray's Royal Asylum at a cost of £40,000. James Murray was a labourer who was bequeathed a large inheritance and, having no family to leave the money to when he died, set up the asylum on Kinnoull Hill. [6]
Transport
Car
Perth remains a key transport hub for journeys by car and rail throughout Scotland. The M90 motorway runs south from the town to Edinburgh; the A9 road connects it to Stirling and Glasgow in the south west and Inverness in the north. The M90 is a Motorway in Scotland. It runs from Inverkeithing, at the north end of the Forth Road Bridge, to Perth, passing Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. Stirling ( Gaelic: Sruighlea, Scots: Stirlin) is a city and former ancient Burgh in Scotland, and is at Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom Inverness (Inbhir Nis iɲɪɾʲˈniʃ is a city in northern Scotland. Other major roads in the town include the A85 to Crieff and Crianlarich, the A93 to Blairgowrie, the A94 to Coupar Angus and Forfar and the A90 to Dundee and Aberdeen. The A85 is a major Road in Scotland. It runs east from Oban along the south bank of Loch Etive, through Lochawe and Tyndrum Crieff (Craoibh meaning "tree" is a Market town in Perth and Kinross, Scotland. Crianlarich ( A' Chrìon Làraich in Gaelic) is a village in Stirling district Scotland, about six miles north-east of the head of Loch The A93 is a major Road in Scotland and the highest public road in the United Kingdom. Blairgowrie and Rattray ( Blàr Ghobharaidh and Raitear in Gaelic Blairgowrie - likely Scottish Gaelic Blàr Ghobharaidh and Rattray - possibly The A94 is a trunk road in Scotland, United Kingdom. It connects Perth to Forfar. Coupar Angus ( Gaelic: Cùbar Aonghais) is a town in Perth and Kinross, Scotland, situated eight kilometres south of Blairgowrie. Forfar is a town and former Royal burgh of approximately 13500 people located in the Unitary authority of Angus in Scotland. The A90 road is a major north to south Highway in eastern Scotland, running from Edinburgh to Fraserburgh in Aberdeenshire. Dundee (Dùn Dèagh is the fourth-largest city in Scotland and fully named as Dundee City, one of Scotland's 32 local government council Aberdeen ( pronounced; Aiberdeen Obar Dheathain is Scotland 's third most populous city and one of Scotland's 32 local government council
The town itself was bypassed to the South and East by the M90 in the 1970s and to the west by the A9 in the 1980s. A bypass is a Road or Highway that avoids or "bypasses" a built-up area town or village to let through Traffic flow without interference from This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989.
The M90, A9 and A93 all meet at Broxden Junction, one of the busiest and most important road junctions in Scotland. Broxden Junction is one of the busiest and most important Road junctions in Scotland. A road junction is a location where vehicular Traffic going in different directions can proceed in a controlled manner designed to minimize accidents Uniquely, all Scotland's cities are signposted from here.
The final part of the M90 included the construction of the Friarton Bridge in 1978 to facilitate travel to Dundee and Aberdeen to the east of the town, finally removing inter-city traffic from the town centre and is the most northerly piece of the UK's motorway system. The Friarton Bridge is a road bridge across the Firth of Tay in Perth, Scotland. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Dundee (Dùn Dèagh is the fourth-largest city in Scotland and fully named as Dundee City, one of Scotland's 32 local government council Aberdeen ( pronounced; Aiberdeen Obar Dheathain is Scotland 's third most populous city and one of Scotland's 32 local government council
Rail
Perth railway station has regular services to Fife, Edinburgh Waverley via the Forth Bridge, east to Dundee and Aberdeen, and south to Glasgow Queen Street. Perth railway station is a Railway station located in Perth, Scotland. Fife ( Gaelic: Fìobha) is a Council area of Scotland, situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland Edinburgh Waverley railway station, commonly referred to as just " Waverley " locally is the main Railway station in the Scottish capital For the nearby road bridge see Forth Road Bridge. The Forth Bridge is a cantilever Railway Bridge over the Dundee (Dùn Dèagh is the fourth-largest city in Scotland and fully named as Dundee City, one of Scotland's 32 local government council Aberdeen ( pronounced; Aiberdeen Obar Dheathain is Scotland 's third most populous city and one of Scotland's 32 local government council Glasgow Queen Street ( Glaschu Sràid na Banrighinn in Gaelic) is a Railway station in Glasgow, Scotland, and is one of the city's There are two direct trains per day to London, one operated by NXEC to King's Cross (from Inverness), while the Caledonian Sleeper runs overnight to Euston. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. National Express East Coast is the name under which the Train operating company NXEC Trains Ltd operates the InterCity East Coast rail franchise which King's Cross station is a major railway terminus opened in 1852 The Caledonian Sleeper is a sleeper Train service operated by First ScotRail and one of only two remaining sleeper services running on the railways Euston station (official name London Euston) is a major Railway station to the north of central London in the London Borough of Camden
The station currently has seven platforms; it once boasted more in the past to serve the smaller branch lines running throughout Perthshire. Perth Station is located on Glasgow Road, close to St Catherines Road.
Bus
Bus travel is plentiful in the town. Local buses are run by Stagecoach Group; inter-city bus travel is made from Leonard Street bus station and connects to most major destinations in Scotland. Stagecoach Group plc ( is a leading international transport group operating Bus, Train, Tram, express coach and Ferry operations bus station is a structure where city or intercity Buses stop to pick up and drop off passengers The budget Megabus service is centred on Broxden Junction (2. Megabus can refer to Megabus (United Kingdom - a low-cost bus service in Great Britain owned by Stagecoach Group and organized as an intercity bus network 2 miles/3. 5km outside the town centre) and runs direct buses to Scotland's largest cities plus Manchester and London. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. In addition, there is a park and ride service from the services at Broxden to the town centre. Park and ride (or incentive parking) facilities are Public transport stations that allow commuters and other people wishing to travel into
Air
Perth has a small airport. Perth Airport is located at New Scone, 7 km north east of Perth. Perth Airport is a general aviation Airport located located at New Scone, 7 km north east of Perth Scotland. There are no commercial flights out of this airport, but it is used by private aircraft and for pilot training. The nearest major commercial airport is Edinburgh Airport or Aberdeen Airport, although Dundee Airport, which is only 20 minutes drive from Perth, offers flights to London City Airport, Belfast, and Birmingham as well as charter, engineering and training facilities. Edinburgh Airport is located in Edinburgh, Scotland, and was the busiest Airport in Scotland in 2007 handling 9047558 passengers Aberdeen Airport is the third largest Airport in Scotland, and one of the UK 's top 10 by number of flight movements. Dundee Airport is located 3 km from the centre of Dundee, Scotland or for navigation purposes 0 London City Airport is a single-runway Airport, intended for use by STOL (Short Take Off and Landing Airliners and principally serving the financial Belfast ( is the capital city of Northern Ireland and the seat of government in Northern Ireland. Birmingham International Airport is an international airport located 5
Bridges
There are four bridges that cross the River Tay in Perth. The Tay ( Gaelic: Tatha) is a river starting in the Highlands and flowing down into the centre of Scotland through Perth and The northernmost structure is Smeaton's Bridge (also known as Perth Bridge and, locally, the Old Bridge), completed in 1771 and widened in 1869, which carries the automotive and pedestrian traffic of West Bridge Street (the A85). Perth Bridge (also known as Smeaton's Bridge and locally the Old Bridge) is a toll-free Bridge in the Royal burgh of Perth Scotland The A85 is a major Road in Scotland. It runs east from Oban along the south bank of Loch Etive, through Lochawe and Tyndrum Eastbound vehicles are not permitted to make a right turn onto Bridgend's Gowrie Street. [7]
Next, some five hundred yards downstream, is Queen's Bridge, which also carries vehicle and pedestrian traffic, this time of South Street and Tay Street. Queen's Bridge was completed in 1960, replacing the old Victoria Bridge (1902–1960), and was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in October of that year. For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II [7]
The third bridge in the centre of Perth is a railway bridge, carrying trains to and from the railway station, half a mile to the north-west. It was completed in 1863. There is also a pedestrian walkway on its northern side (from where this image was taken). [7]
Finally, the southernmost crossing of the Tay inside Perth's boundary is Friarton Bridge. The Friarton Bridge is a road bridge across the Firth of Tay in Perth, Scotland. It is part of the M90 motorway, and forms part of the east coast road corridor between Edinburgh, Dundee and Aberdeen. The M90 is a Motorway in Scotland. It runs from Inverkeithing, at the north end of the Forth Road Bridge, to Perth, passing Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. Dundee (Dùn Dèagh is the fourth-largest city in Scotland and fully named as Dundee City, one of Scotland's 32 local government council Aberdeen ( pronounced; Aiberdeen Obar Dheathain is Scotland 's third most populous city and one of Scotland's 32 local government council
A fifth bridge is to be added farther upstream (north) from the existing bridges. It is part of the Sustrans Connect2 successful bid for funds from The People's £50 Million Lottery competition. [8] Locals and visitors alike will benefit from this project. When completed cyclists and pedestrians will be able to cross the Tay without the associated risks to safety, health and environment of being close up to other vehicles on Smeaton's Bridge.
Politics
Perth is within the Perth and Kinross council area, the Perth Scottish Parliament constituency, the Mid Scotland and Fife electoral region of the Scottish Parliament (at Holyrood), and the Perth and North Perthshire United Kingdom Parliament constituency (at (Westminster). Perth and Kinross ( Peairt agus Ceann Rois in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland, and a Lieutenancy Area. For local government purposes Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as "council areas" which are all governed by unitary authorities designated as Perth is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament ( Holyrood) Constituencies and council areas The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and boundaries of Westminster constituencies as existing in at that time The Scottish Parliament ( Holyrood) has 73 constituencies, each electing one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP by the Plurality ( First The Scottish Parliament ( Scottish Gaelic: Pàrlamaid na h-Alba; Scots: Scottish Pairlament) is the devlolved national unicameral The Scottish Parliament Building (Pàrlamaid na h-Alba is the home of the Scottish Parliament at Holyrood, within the UNESCO World Heritage Site Perth and North Perthshire is a County constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, representing at any one time
The Perth Scottish Parliament (or Holyrood) constituency is one of nine within the Mid Scotland and Fife electoral region. In the United Kingdom (UK, each of the electoral areas or divisions called constituencies elects one or more members to a parliament or assembly Each constituency elects one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the first past the post system of election, and the region elects seven additional members to produce a form of proportional representation. Member of the Scottish Parliament ( MSP) ( Ball Pàrlamaid na h-Alba ( BPA) in Gaelic) is the title given to any one of the 129 individuals elected The plurality voting system is a Single-winner voting system often used to elect executive officers or to elect members of a legislative assembly which is based on single-member Mixed member proportional representation, also termed mixed-member proportional voting and commonly abbreviated to MMP, is an ' additional member ' Proportional representation (sometimes referred to as full representation or PR is a category of electoral formula aiming at a close match between the percentage of votes
The Perth and North Perthshire United Kingdom Parliament (or Westminster) constituency elects on Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom by the first past the post system. A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. The House of Commons' is the Lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories
The Holyrood constituency was created in 1999, for the first election to the Scottish Parliament, with the boundaries of the Perth Westminster constituency. Perth was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1832 to 1918 1918 to 1950 and 1997 to 2005 The Perth Westminster constituency was abolished in 2005, when a new set of Westminster constituencies, including Perth and North Perthshire, was introduced.
Economy
Despite the downfall of the whisky distilleries, which have long since been sold off and moved away from Perth (although the town's name still appears on the labels), Perth has remained a centre for doing business. Distillation is a method of separating Mixtures based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture New high-tech industry has moved in, and the commercial impact has remained as major services, including insurance and banking, have come to the town. Insurance, in Law and Economics, is a form of Risk management primarily used to hedge against the Risk of a contingent loss A banker or bank is a Financial institution whose primary activity is to act as a payment agent for customers and to borrow and lend money Amongst the largest employers are Norwich Union, the Bank of Scotland and Scottish and Southern Energy. Norwich Union is an Insurance company in the UK. It is the biggest life-insurer in the UK and has a strong position in motor insurance The Bank of Scotland plc is a commercial and Clearing bank based in Edinburgh, Scotland.
Perth's city centre is situated to the east of the banks of the River Tay. The centre has a variety of both independent and major retailers, particularly on the pedestrianised High Street, running from the junction of Tay Street to Atholl and Scott Streets. [9] Perth also boasts many restaurants and bars on the majority of the city-centre streets, with coffee shops being most evident in the area of St. John's Place[10] The St. John's Shopping Centre, on St. John's Square, which opened in 1987, also adds to the mix, providing forty units[11] to complement any further retail therapy. The main sheriff court building and City Hall are also located within these boundaries. [12] A new specialist three-floor shopping centre has been set to be finally approved for the troubled City Hall and likely to start building work as soon as possible. [13]
Sport
St. Johnstone is the town's professional football club. St Johnstone Football Club is a professional football club based in Perth Scotland. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Their home ground is McDiarmid Park, which is located on Crieff Road on the west side of the town. McDiarmid Park is the home Stadium of St Johnstone Football Club from Perth, Scotland. The team used to play at Muirton Park on the Dunkeld Road, five minutes from the town centre, but the ground was sold in the early 1990s to the ASDA chain. Asda is a United Kingdom Supermarket chain which retails food clothing and general merchandise Perth's first McDonald's Restaurant and Drive-Thru was built adjacent to the supermarket.
There are two other football clubs based in Perth, both of junior grade: Jeanfield Swifts and Kinnoull. History Junior football as distinguished from senior football has existed since the early 1880s Jeanfield Swifts FC are a Scottish junior football club based in Perth, Scotland. Kinnoull FC are a Scottish junior football club based in Perth.
There is a large sports complex, Bell's Sports Centre, to the northwest of the town centre, at the western edge of the North Inch. Prior to the building of the Greenwich Dome, it was the largest domed building in the UK. An identical structure exists at Lexington High School in Lexington, Massachusetts, USA. Lexington High School is a public High school located in Lexington Massachusetts. Lexington is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
Perth hosts Scotland's largest volleyball event every May - the Scottish Open Volleyball Tournament. Volleyball is an Olympic team sport in which two teams of 6 active players (5 normal players and one 'libero' are separated by a net that is usually four feet There is a highly-competitive indoor competition held inside Bell's Sports Centre alongside both a competitive and fun outdoor event played on the town's North Inch. Teams competing traditionally camp alongside the outdoor courts with the campsite being administered by local cadets. This article refers to the general definition of cadet A Cadet may also be a member of the Cadets, a historical Russian Political party. The Scottish Volleyball Association's annual general meeting is also held at the same time as tournament.
Perth Leisure Pool, to the west of the railway station on the Glasgow Road, is the town's swimming centre. The modern leisure pool complex was built in the mid 1980s to replace the traditional public swimming baths (established 1887[14]) which used to sit just off the Dunkeld Road.
Perthshire RFC is the town's rugby union side, and are based at the North Inch next to Bell's Sports Centre. Perthshire Rugby Football Club is a Rugby union club located in the town of Perth in the Scotland. They currently play in the BT Premiership Division Three for rugby union in Scotland. Scottish Hydro Electric Premiership Division Three is one of Scotland 's national Rugby union league divisions and therefore part of the Scottish Hydro Electric
Perth Racecourse is located within the grounds of Scone Palace (3 miles/5 km by road from the city centre), and holds regular horse racing meetings as well as other outdoor events. This article is about the sport For other uses see Horserace (drinking game or Horse race (politics.
The Dewar's Centre, which includes an eight-lane ice rink, has long been a main centre of curling in Scotland. Curling is a team Sport with similarities to Bowls and Shuffle board, played by two teams of four players each on a rectangular sheet of carefully prepared Many top teams compete in this arena and many major events are held here each year. Curling is available from September to April annually. There is an indoor bowling hall, hosting major competitions. Bowls (also known as Lawn Bowls or Lawn Bowling) is a precision Sport in which the goal is to roll slightly radially asymmetrical Balls Historically Perth had a successful ice hockey team, Perth Panthers, who played at the old ice rink on Dunkeld Road. Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. The rink at Dewars is the wrong shape for ice hockey, so when the team reformed in 2000 for 2 seasons they played their home games at Dundee Ice Arena.
Media
The sole newspaper based in the town is the Perthshire Advertiser owned by Trinity Mirror. Trinity Mirror plc is a large United Kingdom Newspaper and Magazine publisher Editorial, advertising sales, etc still have their offices in the Watergate but the newspaper is printed in Blantyre. This article is about the location in Scotland See also Blantyre Malawi. [15]
There is no freely radiating radio service, although Hospital Radio Perth broadcasts to Perth Royal Infirmary and Murray Royal Hospitals. Hospital Radio Perth is the UK's most successful hospital broadcasters having been the Hospital Broadcasting Association UK Station of the Year in 1996, 1997, 1999 and 2007. Hospital radio began in Perth in the 1960s when a small group of dedicated people brought commentary from St Johnstone matches at Muirton Park to patients The Hospital Broadcasting Association (HBA supports the 230 or so independent hospital broadcasting organisations serving Hospitals, Hospices and Nursing homes [16][17]
Art and music
Perth Museum and Art Gallery is the town museum, and is one of the oldest provincial museums in Scotland, located at the top end of George Street, near the River Tay. Perth Museum and Art Gallery is the main museum and exhibition space in the city of Perth Scotland. The Fergusson Gallery, housed in the former waterworks, contains the major collection of the works of the artist J.D. Fergusson. John Duncan Fergusson (1874–1961 was a Scottish artist regarded as one of the major artists of the Scottish Colourists school of painting
The New Wave band Fiction Factory had some success with their hit "(Feels Like) Heaven" in 1984. New Wave is a Rock music genre that existed during the late 1970s and the 1980s Fiction Factory were a British band from Perth, Scotland, formed in the mid-1980s The song, which reached number six in the UK charts, would be their biggest hit, and Perth's biggest to date.
The Perth Festival of the Arts is an annual collection of art, theatre, opera and classical music events in the town. Art refers to a diverse range of Human activities creations and expressions that are appealing to the Senses or Emotions of a human individual Theatre (or theater, see spelling differences) is the branch of the Performing arts defined by Bernard Beckerman as what "occurs when one Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to mainstream music produced in or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and Secular music The annual event lasts for a couple of weeks and is usually held in May. In recent years, the festival has broadened its appeal by adding comedy, rock and popular music acts to the bill. Comedy (from the Greek κωμωδίαkomodia has a popular meaning (any discourse generally intended to amuse especially in Television, Film, and Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. Popular music is Music belonging to any of a number of musical styles that are accessible to the general public and are disseminated by one or more
In September 2005, the new 1600-seat Horsecross concert hall opened atop the former Horsecross Market. A concert hall is a cultural building which serves as performance venue chiefly for classical instrumental music The state-of-the-art construction cost around £20 million, mostly donated as part of the UK millennium celebrations. The Pound Sterling ( symbol £; ISO code: GBP) subdivided into 100 pence (singular penny) is the Currency It is located near the Kinnoull Street multi-storey car park and it backs up to the Fair Maid's House on Curfew Row.
Perth Theatre was established more than one hundred years ago and is located on the town's pedestrianised High Street.
Perth was home to numerous cinemas during the previous century. Some were converted to other uses such as bingo halls but some have eventually disappeared altogether. The only remaining cinema is the Playhouse, on Murray Street, located outside two main bus station stances.
Parks
Perth's two main parks are the North Inch and South Inch. This article is about a unit of measurement The word "inch" is also used in Scotland as an anglicisation of the Scottish Gaelic Innis, meaning an The Inches were given to the city in 1377 by King Robert III. Robert III redirects here Robert Curthose of Normandy is also sometimes known as Robert III or Robert II
North Inch
The North Inch is located directly to the north of the city centre. It is bordered to the south by Charlotte Street and Atholl Street and to the southwest by Rose Terrace. Its western perimeter consists of part of the exercise path that circumnavigates the entire park. The River Tay bounds it to the east. A little further to the north is the Inch's eponymous golf course.
- See also: Battle of the Clans
South Inch
Situated half a mile south of the North Inch, directly across the city centre, is the South Inch. The Battle of the North Inch (also known as the Battle of the Clans) was a hostile encounter that occurred in 1396 in Perth, Scotland, on what The Inches are linked by Tay Street, which runs along the western banks of the Tay.
The South Inch is bordered to the north by Marshall Place and Kings Place; to the east by Shore Road; to the south by South Inch View; and to the west by St Leonards Bridge. The Edinburgh Road passes through its eastern third.
The South Inch offers various activities, including bowling, an adventure playground, a skatepark, and, in the summer, a bouncy castle. Bowls (also known as Lawn Bowls or Lawn Bowling) is a precision Sport in which the goal is to roll slightly radially asymmetrical Balls A playground or play area is an area designed for Children to play, indoors or outdoors A skatepark is a purpose-built Recreational environment for Skateboarders to ride and develop their technique
The Perth Show takes place annually on the section of the Inch between the Edinburgh Road and Shore Road.
Branklyn Garden
Located just off the Dundee Road on the eastern side of the Tay, Branklyn Gardens, a National Trust for Scotland site, is two acres of private gardens, predominantly featuring collections from China, Tibet, Bhutan and the Himalayas. The National Trust for Scotland (NTS ( Scottish Gaelic: Urras Nàiseanta na h-Alba) describes itself as the conservation charity that protects and promotes China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Definitions of Tibet See also Definitions of Tibet Name In English The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European The Kingdom of Bhutan (buːˈtɑːn is a Landlocked nation in South Asia. [18] Its centrepiece is its collection of Himalayan blue poppies. [19]
Norie-Miller Riverside Walk
Situated between Perth Bridge and Queen's Bridge and known locally as the "Middle Inch", the Norie-Miller Riverside Walk features a sculpture trail. The walk ends close to Branklyn Garden.
Bell's Cherrybank Gardens
The Cherrybank Gardens are home to Europe's largest collections of heathers, known as "The Bell's National Heather Collection". Calluna vulgaris (also known as Ling is the sole species in the Genus Calluna in the family Ericaceae. [20] The gardens are sponsored by the Bell's Scotch whisky brand.
Tourism
Perth has a number of popular architectural and historical attractions, most notably Scone Palace and St. The Tay ( Gaelic: Tatha) is a river starting in the Highlands and flowing down into the centre of Scotland through Perth and The Friarton Bridge is a road bridge across the Firth of Tay in Perth, Scotland. The term architecture (from Greek αρχιτεκτονικήarchitektoniki) can be used to mean a process a profession or documentation Scone Palace (pronounced skoon) is a Category A listed historic house at Scone, Perthshire, Scotland. John's Kirk. It is also the centre of the regimental Black Watch whose base is located on Dunkeld Road, near ASDA, and whose museum is located inside Balhousie Castle. The Black Watch 3rd Battalion Royal Regiment of Scotland (3 SCOTS is an Infantry Battalion of the Royal Regiment of Scotland. Balhousie Castle, located in Perth, Scotland (on Hay Street originally a few hundred metres north of the medieval town dates to 1631, though its The Castle, of medieval origins, and the seat of the Eviot family, was extensively altered and enlarged in the 19th century, and retains little of its original character. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar
Kinnoull Hill and Craigie Hill, well provided with forest walks, give spectacular views of the city
Two Historic Scotland properties within a short distance of the town are Huntingtower Castle, former seat of the Earls of Gowrie (open all year; entrance charge), and Elcho Castle, former seat of the Wemyss family (open in summer; entrance charge). Kinnoull Hill is a hill located in Perth, Scotland. From the hill's 729- ft (222- m) south-facing Cliff summit views are Historic Scotland is an Executive agency of the Scottish Government, responsible for historic monuments in Scotland. Huntingtower Castle once known as Ruthven Castle or the Place of Ruthven is located beside the A85 and near the A9 about 5km NW of the centre of Elcho Castle is located a short distance above the south bank of the River Tay approximately four miles south-east of Perth Scotland. Both are excellent examples of late medieval Scottish tower-houses, and are popular sites for weddings.
Schools and education
There are many schools in Perth, including St. John's Primary, Tulloch Primary, Viewlands Primary, Oakbank Primary, Perth Academy, Perth High School, St. Perth High School is a six-year non-denominational comprehensive Secondary school. Columba's and Perth Grammar School.
Further and higher education - including a range of degrees - is available through Perth College, one of the largest partners in the UHI Millennium Institute. The UHI Millennium Institute ( Scottish Gaelic: Institiùd OGE nam Mìle Bliadhna) is a federation of 15 Colleges and Research institutions
Perth College runs a network of learning centres across the area, in Blairgowrie, Crieff (a joint project with Perth & Kinross Council), Kinross, Pitlochry, and Pathways in Perth. It also owns AST (Air Service Training) which delivers a range of aeronautical engineering courses.
City status
The classic definition of Perth has been as a city, and traditional documentation confirms that this has been true since time immemorial. Time immemorial is a phrase meaning time extending beyond the reach of Memory, record or Tradition. However, in the late 1990s, the UK government and the Scottish Executive re-examined the definition of a city and produced a list of approved cities, from which Perth was omitted. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 Her Majesty's Government, or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Government, is the title used by the Government of the United Kingdom, based at The Scottish Government (SG ( Scottish Gaelic: Riaghaltas na h-Alba) is the executive arm of the government of Scotland. It is now considered to be a "former city", a similar definition to that of Brechin or Elgin. Brechin is a former Royal burgh in Angus, Scotland. Traditionally Brechin is often described as a city because of its cathedral and its status Elgin (Eilginn is a former Cathedral city and a former Royal Burgh in Moray, Scotland and is the administrative and commercial centre for Moray Current road-signs around the borders now call it "The Perfect Centre" instead of "The Fair City", although directional signs within still indicate "City Centre". In June, 2007, Alex Salmond, the newly-elected first Minister of Scotland backed a campaign to confer city status on Perth, saying it should be granted "at the next commemorative opportunity". Alexander Elliot Anderson "Alex" Salmond, (ˈsamənd is the First Minister of Scotland, heading a minority Scottish Government. [21] The architectural writer John Gifford has said that Perth is a city "to its inhabitants and most outsiders, but not all bureaucrats. "[22]
Twin towns
- Aschaffenburg, Germany
- Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Haikou, Hainan, China
- Perth, Ontario, Canada
- Pskov, Russia
- Cognac, France
Trivia
In March 2007, Perth became the first place in Scotland to join the European Cittaslow movement which assesses towns and cities against sixty different criteria regarding quality of life for residents and visitors. Aschaffenburg (aˈʃafənbʊɐ̯k dialect) is a large town in northwest Bavaria, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Bydgoszcz (Bromberg Bydgostia is a city in northern Poland, on the Brda and Vistula rivers with Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Haikou ( Pinyin: Hǎikǒu situated at the north of Hainan island is the Capital of Hainan Province of the People's Republic of China Hainan ( POJ: Hai-lam Pinyin:, Jyutping: hoi2 naam4 literal meaning "South of the Sea" is the smallest province of the People's China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Perth is a Town in eastern Ontario, Canada (pop 6003 in 2001) Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Pskov (Псков ancient Russian spelling Пльсковъ Pleskov) in Latvian Pleskava, in Estonian Pihkva, is an ancient city located in Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Cognac is a commune in the French département of Charente, of which it is a sub-prefecture. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Cittaslow (literally Slow City) is a movement founded in Italy in October of 1999.
Gallery
 The Fair Maid's House |  George Street | ||
 Looking towards Bridgend on the eastern side of the Tay |  St. Balhousie Castle, located in Perth, Scotland (on Hay Street originally a few hundred metres north of the medieval town dates to 1631, though its The Fair Maid of Perth (or as it less commonly known St Valentine's Day) is a Novel by Sir Walter Scott. Perth Museum and Art Gallery is the main museum and exhibition space in the city of Perth Scotland. John's Kirk |  St. John's Kirk |  High Street |
 The southern end of Tay Street, viewed from Queen's Bridge |
Notes
- ^ culture and archaeology : Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust : Archaeology Section - Overview
- ^ culture and archaeology : Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust : Archaeology Section - Carpow Log Boat, Scotsman.com: A 3,000-year-old voyage of discovery, Iris logboat, water trough or...?
- ^ Romans in Scotland - Carpow Roman Fort
- ^ Dictionary of Scottish Architects - DSA Building/Design Report (May 29, 2008, 4:42 am)
- ^ http://www.nhstayside.scot.nhs.uk/staff/spectra/Spectra30.pdf page 5
- ^ Smith, Gavin & Ruth (2000). Perth in Old Photographs, Scotland in Old Photographs. Sutton Publishing, page 77. ISBN 0 7509 2381 4.
- ^ a b c PerfectPerth.com
- ^ VisitScotland Perthshire - Connect2 Sustrans - in Perth
- ^ VisitScotland Perthshire - Perth City Centre Map
- ^ Perth City - Perth Eating Out - Restaurants, Pubs and Cafes in Perth - www.perthcity.co.uk
- ^ http://www.stjshopping.co.uk/index.php
- ^ VisitScotland Perthshire - Perth City Centre Map
- ^ Perth City Hall ‘revamp’ submitted to council - Perthshire Advertiser
- ^ Smith, Gavin & Ruth (2000). Perth in Old Photographs, Scotland in Old Photographs. Sutton Publishing Limited, page 105. ISBN 0 7509 2381 4.
- ^ Perthshire Advertiser at Media UK
- ^ http://www.nhstayside.scot.nhs.uk/staff/spectra/Spectra30.pdf page 9
- ^ Hospital Radio Perth Website
- ^ Branklyn Garden at Perthshire.co.uk
- ^ Branklyn Garden.org.uk
- ^ Cherrybank Gardens at Perthshire.co.uk
- ^ Salmond backs bid for city status (BBC News)
- ^ Gifford, John (2007) Perth and Kinross, Yale.
External links
- Perth City
- Perth History
- Perth and Kinross Council
- Perthshire Tourist Board
- Perth Festival of the Arts
- Welcome to Perth
- Perth (Scotland) travel guide from Wikitravel
- St John's Kirk
- St John's Shopping Centre
- St. Matthew's Church of Scotland
- St John the Baptist Episcopal Church, Perth
- Carpow Roman Fort
- Google Map showing many of the places mentioned in this article
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