The Oriental Institute (OI), established in 1919, is the University of Chicago's archeology museum and research center for ancient Near Eastern studies. Art Deco was a popular international design movement from 1925 until 1939 affecting the decorative arts such as Architecture, Interior design, and Industrial Ulric Henry Ellerhusen (1879 - 1957 first name variously cited as Ulrich or Ulrik, surname sometimes cited as Ellerhousen) was a German-American Persepolis ( Old Persian: Pārsa, Modern Persian: تخت جمشید/پارسه Takht-e Jamshid or Chehel Minar) was the ceremonial The Sumerian word lama, which is rendered in Akkadian as lamassu, refers to a beneficient protective female deity Sargon II ( Akkadian Šarru-kinu "legitimate king" reigned 722 – 705 BC was an Assyrian king Dur-Sharrukin ("Fortress of Sargon" present day Khorsabad, was the Assyrian capital in the time of Sargon II of Assyria. Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The University of Chicago is a Private university located principally in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. Archaeology, archeology, or archæology (from Greek grc ἀρχαιολογία archaiologia – grc ἀρχαῖος archaīos A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the B Syria - Belka Woman from Damascus Arab from Baghdadjpg|thumb|Inhabitants of the Near East late nineteenth century
The Institute is housed in an unusual Art-Deco/Gothic building at the corner of 58th and University, designed by the architectural firm Mayers Murray & Phillip. Art Deco was a popular international design movement from 1925 until 1939 affecting the decorative arts such as Architecture, Interior design, and Industrial See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. The architectural firm of Mayers Murray & Phillip was the successor of Goodhue Associates after Bertram Goodhue 's unexpected death in 1924 The Museum has artifacts from digs in Egypt, Israel, Syria, Turkey, Iraq, and Iran. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. Notable possessions are the famous Megiddo Ivories, various treasures from Persepolis, the old Persian capital, a huge 40 ton human-headed winged bull (or lamassu) from Khorsabad, the capital of Sargon II, and finally a monumental statue of King Tutankhamun. The Megiddo Ivories are thin carvings in ivory found at Tel Megiddo in modern-day Israel. Persepolis ( Old Persian: Pārsa, Modern Persian: تخت جمشید/پارسه Takht-e Jamshid or Chehel Minar) was the ceremonial For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. The Sumerian word lama, which is rendered in Akkadian as lamassu, refers to a beneficient protective female deity Dur-Sharrukin ("Fortress of Sargon" present day Khorsabad, was the Assyrian capital in the time of Sargon II of Assyria. Sargon II ( Akkadian Šarru-kinu "legitimate king" reigned 722 – 705 BC was an Assyrian king
The museum is free to enter, though visitors are encouraged to leave a donation of US $5. 00 for adults and $2. 00 for children.
Even given unlimited resources and comparable archeological discoveries, the Institute's treasures could not be assembled today, since Middle Eastern governments no longer allow foreign archeologists to take home half of what they find — which was the typical arrangement the 19th and early 20th centuries, when most of the holdings were excavated. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The twentieth century of the Common Era began on
Not only a museum, the Oriental Institute is, as its name suggests, a center of active research on the ancient Near East. The building's upper floors contain classrooms and faculty offices, and its gift shop, the Suq, also sells textbooks for the University's classes on Near Eastern studies. In addition to carrying out many digs in the Fertile Crescent, OI scholars have made many contributions to our understanding of the cradle of civilization. The Fertile Crescent is a Crescent -shaped region in the Middle East, originally incorporating the Levant and Ancient Mesopotamia, and often In fact, the term "Fertile Crescent" was coined by onetime OI head James Henry Breasted, who is said to have been one of the models for Indiana Jones (another possible Indiana Jones model from the Oriental Institute was Robert Braidwood). James Henry Breasted ( August 27 1865 &ndash December 2, 1935) was an American Archaeologist and Historian. Dr (also Col Henry Walton Jones Jr, better known as Indiana Jones or Indy after his pet dog is a fictional Adventurer, Soldier Robert John Braidwood ( 29 July 1907 &ndash2003 was an American archaeologist and
Among other projects, OI scholars have recently completed a 21 volume dictionary of Assyrian, and are currently working on a dictionary of Hittite, and a dictionary of Demotic. Hittite or Nesili is the Extinct language once spoken by the Hittites, a people who created an empire centered on ancient Hattusas (modern Demotic (from δημοτικός dēmotikós, "popular" refers to either the Ancient Egyptian script derived from northern forms of Hieratic
In 2006, the Oriental Institute became the center of controversy when U. S. federal courts ruled to seize and auction its valuable collection of ancient Persian artifacts, the proceeds of which would go to compensate the victims of a 1997 bombing in Ben Yehuda Street, Jerusalem, that the United States claim was funded by Iran. The Ben Yehuda Street bombings refer to a series of attacks by Arab Terrorists and Suicide bombers on civilians in downtown Jerusalem, Israel The ruling threatens the university's invaluable collection of ancient clay tablets held by the Oriental Institute since the 1930s but officially owned by Iran.
See also
External links
- the Oriental Institute, University of Chicago - home page for the Oriental Institute
- Abzu - A guide to open access material of the Ancient Near East
- A database on the Oriental Institute's website maintained by Dr. Chicago's Persian heritage crisis (تاراج سرمايه باستانی ايران در شيکاگو in Persian) refers to a threat to seize invaluable Persian Clemens Reichel documenting artifacts stolen from the Iraq Museum in April 2003
- Persepolis Fortification Archive Project
- The Oriental Institute: Fragments for a History of an Institution. A collaborative project intended to focus ideas and thoughts on the history of the Oriental Institute of The University of Chicago
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