Citizendia

Ballot Measure 16 of 1994 established the U.S. state of Oregon's Death with Dignity Act (ORS 127. A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. The Oregon Revised Statutes (ORS is the codified body of Statutory law governing the U 800-995), which legalizes physician-assisted dying with certain restrictions. Passage of this initiative made Oregon the first U.S. state and one of the first jurisdictions in the world to permit some terminally ill patients to determine the time of their own death. In Political science, the initiative (also known as popular or citizen's initiative) provides a means by which a Petition signed by a certain A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government In Law, jurisdiction (from the Latin ius iuris meaning "law" and dicere meaning "to speak" is the practical Authority Terminal illness is a medical term popularized in the 20th century to describe an active and Malignant Disease that cannot be cured or adequately treated

The measure was narrowly approved in the November 8, 1994 general election. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) 627,980 votes (51. 3%) were cast in favor, 596,018 votes (48. 7%) against. [1]

Ballot Measure 51, referred by the state legislature in 1997, sought to repeal the Death with Dignity act, but was rejected by 60% of voters. The Oregon Legislative Assembly is the state legislature for the U

The Act was challenged by the George W. Bush administration, but was upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States in Gonzales v. Oregon in 2005. The Presidency of George W Bush began on his inauguration on January 20, 2001 as the 43rd and current President of the United States of America The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. Gonzales v Oregon, 546 US 243 ( 2006) was a United States Supreme Court case which ruled that the United States Attorney General

Contents

The law

Under the law, a capable adult Oregon resident who has been diagnosed by a physician with a terminal illness that will kill them within six months may request in writing, from his or her physician, a prescription for a lethal dose of medication for the purpose of ending the patient's life. For the 2008 British film by Noel Clarke see Adulthood (film. This article deals with personal residence in a given place For other uses see Residency (disambiguation and Resident. Diagnosis is the identification by Process of elimination, of the nature of anything A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health Terminal illness is a medical term popularized in the 20th century to describe an active and Malignant Disease that cannot be cured or adequately treated A prescription (℞ is a health-care program implemented by a Physician or other medical practitioner in the form of instructions that govern the plan of care for an individual Medication, also referred to as medicine, can be loosely defined as any substance intended for use in the diagnosis cure mitigation treatment or prevention of disease The request must be confirmed by two witnesses, one of whom cannot be related to the patient, be entitled to any portion of the patient's estate, be the patient's physician, or be employed by a health care facility caring for the patient. A witness is someone who has firsthand knowledge about a Crime or dramatic event through their Senses (e An estate is the Net worth of a person at any point in time It is the sum of a person's Assets - legal rights interests and entitlements to Property of After the request is made, another physician must examine the patient's medical records and confirm the diagnosis. The patient must be determined to not suffer from a mental condition impairing judgment. Mental disorder or mental illness is a psychological or behavioral pattern that occurs in an individual and is thought to cause distress or disability that is not expected as In non-legal contexts a judgment is a balanced weighing up of evidence preparatory to making a decision If the request is authorized, the patient must wait at least fifteen days and make a second oral request before the prescription may be written. The patient has a right to rescind the request at any time.

The law protects doctors from liability for providing a lethal prescription for a terminally ill, competent adult in compliance with the statute restrictions. Participation by physicians is voluntary. The law also specifies a patient's decision to end his or her life shall not "have an effect upon a life, health, or accident insurance or annuity policy. Insurance, in Law and Economics, is a form of Risk management primarily used to hedge against the Risk of a contingent loss An annuity contract is a Financial product typically offered by a Financial institution, that may accumulate value and take a current value and pay it out over "

Attempts to repeal

In addition to the standard arguments against physician-assisted dying, opponents feared that terminally ill people throughout the nation would flock to Oregon to take advantage of the law. Assisted suicide is the process by which an individual who may otherwise be incapable is provided with the means (drugs or equipment to commit Suicide. This fear has not been realized, largely because drafters of the law limited its use to Oregon residents. [2] Despite the measure's passage, implementation was tied up in the courts for several years.

The Oregon Legislative Assembly referred Measure 51, which would have repealed the law, to the people in 1997. The Oregon Legislative Assembly is the state legislature for the U

Proponents of Measure 51 argued that the Death with Dignity Act lacked a mandatory counseling provision, a family notification provision, strong reporting requirements, or a strong residency requirement. Family denotes a group of People affiliated by consanguinity affinity or co-residence In writing a report is a document characterized by information or other content reflective of inquiry or investigation which is tailored to the context of a given situation and audience This article deals with personal residence in a given place For other uses see Residency (disambiguation and Resident. [3] Measure 51 opponents argued that sending the measure back to voters was disrespectful considering they had already passed Measure 16 via the initiative process. In Political science, the initiative (also known as popular or citizen's initiative) provides a means by which a Petition signed by a certain They also felt that the safeguards in the Death with Dignity Act were adequate.

Measure 51 was defeated in the 4 November 1997 special election with 445,830 votes in favor, and 666,275 votes against. Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar A by-election or bye-election (called special election in the United States) is an Election held to fill a political office that has become vacant [4]

Some members of the United States Congress, notably Senator Don Nickles of Oklahoma, tried to block implementation of Measure 16, but failed. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses Donald Lee Nickles (born December 6, 1948) is an American Businessman and political leader who was a Republican United Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. [5][6]

In 2002, federal judge Robert E. Jones blocked a move by U.S. Attorney General John Ashcroft to suspend the license for prescribing drugs covered in the Controlled Substances Act of doctors who prescribed life-ending medications under the Oregon law. Robert Edward Jones (born 1927 is an American politician and judge in Oregon. The United States Attorney General is the head of the United States Department of Justice (see) concerned with legal affairs and is the chief law enforcement John David Ashcroft (born May 9 1942) is an American Politician who was the 79th United States Attorney General. The Controlled Substances Act ( CSA) was enacted into law by the Congress of the United States as Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control [7] The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the block, stating that the "Attorney General lacked Congress' requisite authorization". The US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit is a federal court with Appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts F. 9a 9913 (2004). [8]

In October, 2005, the U.S. Supreme Court heard arguments in the case of Gonzales v. Oregon to determine the fate of the Death with Dignity law. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. Gonzales v Oregon, 546 US 243 ( 2006) was a United States Supreme Court case which ruled that the United States Attorney General Arguing on behalf of the state was Oregon Senior Assistant Attorney General Robert Atkinson. Oregon's five Democratic members of Congress also filed a brief in support of the State's position. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. [9] U.S. Solicitor General Paul Clement argued on behalf of the Bush administration, which challenged Oregon's right to regulate the practice of medicine when that practice entails prescribing federally controlled substances. The United States Solicitor General is the individual appointed to argue for the Government of the United States in front of the Supreme Court of the United States Paul Drew Clement (born June 1966 was until recently the United States Solicitor General. The Presidency of George W Bush began on his inauguration on January 20, 2001 as the 43rd and current President of the United States of America On January 17, 2006, the court ruled 6-3 in favor of Oregon, upholding the law. Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. [10]

As of 2007, 341 people have taken their lives under Oregon's Death with Dignity Act. [11]

See also

References

  1. ^ Oregon Blue Book: Initiative, Referendum and Recall: 1988-1995
  2. ^ Howell, Joseph (2006). The following is a partial list of Oregon ballot measures. (The list is complete from 1996 to the present Death With Dignity Act 2006 Annual Report. State of Oregon. Retrieved on 2007-04-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I.
  3. ^ Measure 51 Legislative Argument in Support
  4. ^ Measure 51 election results from Oregon Secretary of State
  5. ^ Wentz, Patty. The Secretary of State of Oregon an elected constitutional officer within the executive branch of government of the U "Dignified suicide", Willamette Week 25th Anniversary edition. Retrieved on 2007-06-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul.  
  6. ^ Senate Bill To Nullify Death With Dignity Act Also Threatens Pain Care Nationwide. Compassion in Dying. Body Health Resources Corporation (Spring 2000). Retrieved on 2007-04-17. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor.
  7. ^ Johnson, Kevin. "Federal judge backs Oregon suicide law", April 18, 2002. Retrieved on 2007-03-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 37 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius ' will and proclaims Caligula emperor  
  8. ^ http://www.compassionindying.org/press.php
  9. ^ Daly, Matthew. "Assisted suicide defended", Associated Press, The Columbian, July 21, 2005.  
  10. ^ Christie, Tim. "Assisted suicide upheld", The Register-Guard, January 18, 2006.  
  11. ^ http://egov.oregon.gov/DHS/ph/pas/docs/year10.pdf

External links

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