North China Plain - Citizendia

The North China Plain (simplified Chinese: 华北平原; traditional Chinese: 華北平原; pinyin: Huáběi Píngyuán) is based on the deposits of the Huang He (Yellow River) and is the largest alluvial plain of eastern Asia. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use The Yellow River or Huang He / Hwang Ho ( Hatan Gol Queen river) is the second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the Alluvium (from the Latin, alluvius, from alluere, "to wash against" is Soil or Sediments deposited by a river or other running The plain is bordered on the north by the Yanshan Mountains and on the west by the Taihang Mountains. The Yanshan or Yan Mountains ( Chinese: 燕山）are a major mountain range north of the North China Plain in northern Hebei Province The Taihang Mountains ( are a Chinese Mountain range running down the eastern edge of the Loess Plateau in Henan, Shanxi and Hebei To the south, it merges into the Yangtze Plain. The Yangtze Plain ( Chinese: 长江中下游平原 Wade-Giles: Ch'ang Chiang P'ing-yüan Pinyin: Chang Jiang Pingyuan is made up of a series of Alluvial From northeast to southeast, it fronts the Bohai Gulf, the highlands of Shandong Peninsula, and the Yellow Sea. Bo Hai ( also known as Bohai Sea or Bohai Gulf, is the innermost gulf of the Yellow Sea on the coast of northeastern China. The Shāndōng Peninsula ( also known as the Jiāodōng Peninsula (胶东半岛膠東半島 is a Peninsula in the Shāndōng Province of The Yellow Sea is the name given to the northern part of the East China Sea, which is a Marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean. The Yellow River flows through the middle of the plain into Bohai Gulf. The Yellow River or Huang He / Hwang Ho ( Hatan Gol Queen river) is the second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the Bo Hai ( also known as Bohai Sea or Bohai Gulf, is the innermost gulf of the Yellow Sea on the coast of northeastern China.

The southern part of the plain is traditionally referred to as the Central Plain (Chinese: 中原; pinyin: Zhōngyuán), which formed the cradle of Chinese civilization. The Central Plain(s of China ( refers to the area on the lower reaches of the Yellow River which formed the cradle of Chinese civilization Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use

The plain covers an area of about 409,500 square kilometers (158,000 square miles), most of which is less than (50 m) above sea level. This flat yellow-soil plain is the main area of sorghum, millet, maize, and cotton production in China. Sorghum is a genus of numerous species of grasses, some of which are raised for grain and many of which are used as Fodder plants either cultivated or as part The millets are a group of small- Seeded Species of Cereal crops or grains widely grown around the world for Food and Fodder Maize (ˈmeɪz ( Zea mays L. ssp mays) known as corn in some countries is a cereal grain domesticated in Mesoamerica Cotton is a soft staple Fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant ( Gossypium sp China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Wheat, sesame seed, peanuts and tobacco are also grown here. Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. Sesame ( Sesamum indicum) is a Flowering plant in the genus Sesamum. The peanut, or Groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea) is a species in the Legume family Fabaceae native to South America, Mexico Tobacco is an Agricultural product recognized as an addictive drug processed from the fresh Leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. The plain is one of the most densely populated regions in the world.

Beijing, the national capital, is located on the northeast edge of the plain, with Tianjin, an important industrial city and commercial port, near its northeast coast. ( Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is the second largest city in northern coastal China. Dagang Oilfield in Tianjin and Shengli Oilfield in Shandong are important petroleum bases.

Historical significance

The geography of the North China Plain has had profound cultural and political implications. Unlike southern China, the plain is not divided by mountains or rivers and as a result communication by horse is rapid within the plain. As a result, the spoken language is relatively uniform in contrast to the plethora of dialects in southern China. In addition the possibility of rapid communication has meant that the political center of China has tended to be located here.

Because the fertile soil of the North China Plain gradually merges with the steppes and deserts of Central Asia, with no natural barriers between the two regions, the plain has been prone to invasion from Central Asia and Manchuria, prompting the construction of the Great Wall of China. In physical Geography, a steppe ( German, from степь - "a flat and arid land" степ - /stɛp/ тал - tal дала - /dɑlɑ/ pronounced A desert is a Landscape or region that receives very little precipitation. Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east and from southern Russia in the north to northern Pakistan in the south Manchuria ( Romanized Manchu: Manju,, Маньчжурия Mongolian: Манж is a historical name given to a vast geographic region in northeast The Great Wall of China ( or ( is a series of stone and earthen Fortifications in China, built rebuilt and maintained between the 6th century BC and the 16th

Although the soil of the North China Plain is fertile, the weather is unpredictable, being at the intersection of humid winds from the Pacific and dry winds from the interior. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions This makes the plain prone to both flood and drought. Finally, the flatness of the plain creates massive flooding when river works are damaged. In the opinion of many historians, these factors have encouraged the development of a centralized Chinese state to manage granaries, maintain hydraulic works, and man fortifications against the steppe peoples. A granary is a storehouse for threshed grain or Animal feed. In ancient or primitive granaries Pottery is the most For the mechanical technology see Hydraulic machinery and Hydraulic cylinder Hydraulics is a topic of science and Engineering Fortifications are Military Constructions and Buildings designed for defense in Warfare Humans have constructed defensive works for

Historical significance

See also