The Nile Delta (Arabic: دلتا النيل ) is the delta formed in Northern Egypt (Lower Egypt) where the Nile River spreads out and drains into the Mediterranean Sea. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language A delta is a Landform where the mouth of a River flows into an Ocean, Sea, Estuary, Lake or another river This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Lower Egypt is the northern-most section of Egypt. It refers to the fertile Nile Delta region which stretches from the area between El-Aiyat and Zawyet The Nile (النيل, Ancient Egyptian iteru or Ḥ'pī, Coptic piaro or phiaro) is a major north-flowing River It is one of the world's largest river deltas—from Alexandria in the west to Port Said in the east, it covers some 240 km of Mediterranean coastline—and is a rich agricultural region. Alexandria ( Egyptian Arabic: اسكندريه Eskendereyya; Standard Arabic: ar الإسكندرية Al-Iskandariyya; Ἀλεξάνδρεια Port Said ( Arabic بورسعيد transliterated Būr Saʻīd) is a northeastern Egyptian city near the Suez Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture From north to south the delta is approximately 160 km in length. The Delta begins slightly down-river from Cairo. Cairo () which means "the Vanquisher" or "the Triumphant" is the capital and largest city of Egypt.
Contents |
Shape and composition
The Nile is considered to be an "arcuate" delta (arc-shaped), and resembles a triangle or lotus flower when seen from above. The outer edges of the delta are eroding, and some coastal lagoons have seen increasing salinity levels as their connection to the Mediterranean Sea increases. Since the delta no longer receives an annual supply of nutrients and sediments from upstream due to the construction of the Aswan High Dam, the soils of the floodplains have become poorer, and large amounts of fertilizers are now used. Aswan (Assuan is a city on the first cataract of the Nile in Egypt. Topsoil in the delta can be as much as 70 feet in depth. Topsoil is the upper outermost layer of soil usually the top 2 to 8 inches Also the topsoil falls off in the land and causes the water to rise.
History
People have lived in the Nile Delta region for thousands of years, and have been intensively farming for at least five thousand years. The Nile River used to be flooded on an annual basis, but this ended with the construction of the Aswan Dam. Aswan (Assuan is a city on the first cataract of the Nile in Egypt. Records from ancient times (Pliny the Elder), show that the delta had seven distributaries: (from east to west) the Pelusiac, the Tanitic, the Mendesian, the Phatnitic, the Sebennytic, the Bolbitine, and the Canopic (also called the Herakleotic, e. Gaius or Caius Plinius Secundus, ( AD 23 – August 25, AD 79 better known as Pliny the Elder, was an ancient Author g. at [Callisthenes] Alexander 1. 31). There are now only two main branches, due to flood control, silting and changing relief: The Damietta (corresponding to the Phatnitic) to the east and the Rosetta (corresponding to the Bolbitinic)1 on the western part of the delta. The Rosetta Stone was found in the Nile Delta in 1787 in the port city of Rosetta (anglicized name of Rashid). The Rosetta Stone is an Ancient Egyptian artifact (حجر رشيد in Arabic which was instrumental in advancing modern understanding of hieroglyphic writing Year 1787 ( MDCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Rashid is an Arabic Given name that means "rightly guided" In pharaonic times, this area was Lower Egypt. It was also called the "Land of Goshen".
Flora & Fauna
During the fall, parts of the Nile River are red with lotus flowers. The Rosetta Stone is an Ancient Egyptian artifact (حجر رشيد in Arabic which was instrumental in advancing modern understanding of hieroglyphic writing Nelumbo nucifera is known by a number of common names including Indian lotus, sacred lotus, bean of India, and sacred water-lily The Lower Nile (North) and the Upper Nile (South) have plants that grow in abundance. The Lower Nile plant is the Egyptian lotus, and the Upper Nile plant is the Cyperus papyrus (papyrus sedge), although it is not nearly as plentiful as it once was, and is becoming quite rare. Papyrus sedge or paper reed ( Cyperus papyrus) is a Monocot belonging to the sedge family Cyperaceae.
Several hundred thousand water birds winter in the delta, including the world’s largest concentrations of little gulls and whiskered terns. The Little Gull ( Hydrocoloeus minutus) is a small Gull which breeds in northern Europe and Asia. The Whiskered Tern ( Chlidonias hybridus) is a Seabird of the Tern family Sternidae Other birds making their homes in the delta include grey herons, Kentish Plovers, shovelers and cormorants. The Grey Heron ( Ardea cinerea) is a wading Bird of the Heron family Ardeidae native throughout temperate Europe and Asia The Kentish Plover, Charadrius alexandrinus, is a small Wader in the Plover Bird family The Northern Shoveler ( Anas clypeata) sometimes known simply as the Shoveler (ˈʃʌvələr is a common and widespread Duck. The Bird family Phalacrocoracidae is represented by some 40 Species of cormorants and shags. Also found are egrets and ibises. This is an article about a type of bird For the EGRET satellite mission see Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope. The ibises (pronounced /ˈaɪbɪsɪz/ are a group of long-legged wading Birds in the family Threskiornithidae.
Other animals found in the delta include frogs, turtles, tortoises, mongooses, and the Nile monitor. This article is about the block cipher algorithm For the ultrafast laser pulse measurement technique see Frequency-resolved optical gating. Turtles are Reptiles of the Order Testudines (all living turtles belong to the Crown group Chelonia) most of Tortoises or land Turtles are land-dwelling Reptiles of the family of Testudinidae', order Testudines. A mongoose (plural mongooses) is a member of the family Herpestidae (although also used for some members of Eupleridae) a family of small The Nile monitor ( Varanus niloticus) is a large member of the Monitor lizard family ( Varanidae) Nile crocodiles are no longer found in the Nile Delta. The Nile crocodile ( Crocodylus niloticus) is an African Reptile of the family Crocodylidae. Fish found in the delta include the Striped mullet and soles. The flathead mullet, Mugil cephalus, is a mullet of the genus Mugil, found in Coastal Tropical and subtropical waters
.jpg/180px-Chlidonias_hybrida_3_(Marek_Szczepanek).jpg)
Climate
The Nile Delta has a Mediterranean climate, characterized by little rainfall. Only 100 to 200 mm of rain falls on the delta area during an average year, and most of this falls in the winter months. The delta experiences its hottest temperatures in July and August, averaging 30°C, with a maximum of around 48°C. Winter temperatures are normally in the range of 5° to 10°C. The Nile Delta region becomes quite humid during the winter months. The Nile Delta is eroding at a rate of 50km2 per year, and it has been predicted that this Delta will have vanished by the year 2550AD
Egypt Nile Delta Governorates
Ancient and modern cities in the Delta region
- Alexandria
- Avaris
- Bilbeis
- Bubastis
- Canopus
- Damanhur
- Damietta
- Leontopolis
- Mendes
- Mit Abu al-Kum
- Mansoura
- Naucratis
- Pelusium
- Port Said
- Rosetta
- Sais
- Tanis
- Tanta
- Zagazig
See also
References
1. Kafr el-Sheikh Governorate ( كفر الشيخ) is one of the governorates of Egypt. Dakahlia governorate (الدقهلية is an Egyptian governorate lying northeast of Cairo. Gharbia Governorate (الغربية is one of the governorates of Egypt. Monufia Governorate ( المنوفية) is one of the principal governorates of Egypt. Qalyubia Governorate ( القليوبية) is one of the governorates of Egypt. Damietta Governorate or Domyat ( دمياط) is one of the governorates of Egypt. Alexandria ( Egyptian Arabic: اسكندريه Eskendereyya; Standard Arabic: ar الإسكندرية Al-Iskandariyya; Ἀλεξάνδρεια Avaris ( Egyptian: ħt wʕrt Hatwaret, Greek: αυαρις Auaris) located at Tell ed-Dab'a, was the ancient capital of the Bilbeis ( Coptic Phelbs; Arabic بلبيس is an ancient Fortress city on the eastern edge of the southern Nile delta in Egypt Bubastis ( Greek:, Herod ii 59 137 or, Strabo xvii p 805 Diodorus xvi Canopus (also Canobus) was an Ancient Egyptian coastal town located in the Nile Delta. Damanhur ( Egyptian: Dmỉ-n-Ḥrw ("Village of Horus " Coptic:; Arabic: دمنهور or Hermopolis Mikra Damietta, Damiata, or Domyat (دمياط is a port and the capital of the governorate of Domyat, Egypt. This article is about the large ancient city of Lower Egypt for other uses of Leontopolis see Leontopolis (disambiguation Leontopolis ( Mendes ( the Greek name of the Ancient Egyptian city of Djedet, also known in Ancient Egypt as Per - Banebdjedet ("The Mit Abu al-Kum ( ميت أبو الكوم) is a village in the Egyptian Nile Delta and the Al-Minufiyah governorate. El Mansurah (also spelled as Mansoura; Arabic: المنصورة) is a city in Egypt, with a population of 420000 Naucratis or Naukratis, (Ναύκρατις loosely translated as "(the city that wields power over ships" (Piemro in Egyptian, now Kom Gieif was a Pelusium was a city in the eastern extremes of Egypt 's Nile Delta, 30 km to the southeast of the modern Port Said. Port Said ( Arabic بورسعيد transliterated Būr Saʻīd) is a northeastern Egyptian city near the Suez Rosetta (رشيد Rashid) is a Port city on the Mediterranean coast in Egypt. Tanis (Τάνις the Greek name of ancient Djanet (modern صان الحجر Ṣān al-Ḥaǧar) is a city in the north-eastern Nile delta Tanta ( Arabic: طنطا) is an Egyptian town with an estimated 429000 inhabitants (2008 Zagazig ( Zakazik, Arabic الزقازيق az-Zaqāzīq colloquial zaʔaziːʔ or zaɡaziːɡ is a town of Lower Egypt, in the eastern part Alexandria ( Egyptian Arabic: اسكندريه Eskendereyya; Standard Arabic: ar الإسكندرية Al-Iskandariyya; Ἀλεξάνδρεια Cairo () which means "the Vanquisher" or "the Triumphant" is the capital and largest city of Egypt. The Prefecture Apostolic of the Delta of the Nile was a Roman Catholic missionary jurisdiction situated in the north of khedival Egypt, comprising four of the six provinces A delta is a Landform where the mouth of a River flows into an Ocean, Sea, Estuary, Lake or another river p87 in W. Hayes, 'Most Ancient Egypt', JNES, 23 (1964), 73-114.
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic