Citizendia

For other uses, see News (disambiguation).
Topics in journalism
Professional issues

News • Reportage • Writing • Ethics • Objectivity • Values • Attribution • Defamation • Editorial independence • Education • Other topics

Fields
Arts • Business • Entertainment • Environment • Fashion • Politics • Science • Sports • Tech • Trade • Traffic • Weather
Genres

Advocacy journalism
Citizen journalism
Civic journalism
Community journalism
Gonzo journalism
Investigative journalism
Literary journalism
Narrative journalism
New Journalism
Opinion journalism
Visual journalism
Watchdog journalism

Social impact

Fourth Estate
Fifth Estate
Freedom of the press
Infotainment
Media bias
News propaganda
Public relations
Yellow journalism

News media

Newspapers
Magazines
News agencies
Broadcast journalism
Online journalism
Photojournalism
Alternative media
Vlog

Roles
Journalist • Reporter • Editor • Columnist • Commentator • Photographer • News presenter • Meteorologist

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News is any new information or information on current events which is presented by print, broadcast, Internet, or word of mouth to a third party or mass audience. Journalism is the profession of writing or communicating formally employed by publications and broadcasters for the benefit of a particular Community of people Professional journalism is a form of news reporting which developed in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century along with formal schools of journalism Reportage sometimes refers to the total body of media coverage of a particular topic or event including news reporting and analysis " the extensive reportage of recent News style (also journalistic style or news writing) is the particular Prose style used for News reporting (ie Journalism ethics and standards comprise principles of Ethics and of good practice as applicable to the specific challenges faced by professional Journalists Historically Objectivity is a significant principle of Journalistic professionalism. News values, sometimes called "news criteria" determine how much prominence a news story is given by a media outlet and the attention it is given by the audience In Journalism, a source is a person publication or other record or document that gives information Editorial independence is the freedom of editors to make decisions without interference from the owners of a publication A journalism school is a School or department usually part of an established University, where Journalists are trained List of Journalism topics This page aims to list all topics related to the field of Journalism. Arts journalism is a branch of Journalism concerned with the reporting and discussion of the arts Business journalism is the branch of journalism that tracks records analyses and interprets the economic changes that take place in a society Entertainment journalism is an umbrella term used to describe all forms of Journalism that focus on the Entertainment business and its products Environmental journalism is the collection verification production distribution and exhibition of information regarding current events trends issues and people that are associated Fashion journalism is an umbrella term used to describe all aspects of published Fashion media Political journalism is a broad branch of Journalism that includes coverage of all aspects of Politics and Political science, although the term usually Science journalism is a relatively new branch of Journalism, which uses the art of Reporting to convey information about Science topics to a public forum Sports journalism is a form of Journalism that reports on Sports topics and events While the sports department within some Newspapers has been Tech journalism is a relatively new branch of Journalism, which uses the art of Reporting to convey information about Tech topics to a public forum Trade journalism reports on the movements and developments of the Business world by way of articles or analysis A traffic report is an element of a Radio program or TV news broadcast that informs listeners about general traffic conditions Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and a given location Advocacy journalism is a Genre of Journalism that intentionally and transparently adopts a non-objective viewpoint usually for some social Citizen journalism, also known as public or participatory journalism or democratic journalism, is the act of citizens "playing an active role in the The civic journalism movement (also known as public journalism is according to professor David K Community journalism is locally oriented coverage that typically focuses on city neighborhoods or individual suburbs rather than metropolitan state national or world news "Gonzo" redirects here For other uses see Gonzo (disambiguation Gonzo journalism is a style of Journalism which is written Investigative journalism is a type of reporting in which reporters deeply investigate a topic of interest often involving crime Political corruption, or some other Scandal Docufiction (often understood as Docudrama) is a Neologism which refers to a cinematographic work in a Genre mixing Fiction and Narrative journalism is the interpretation of a story and the way in which the journalist portrays it be it fictional or non-fictional New Journalism was a style of 1960s and 1970s News writing and Journalism which used literary techniques deemed unconventional at the time Opinion journalism is Journalism that makes no claim of objectivity. Visual journalism is the practice of strategically combining words and images to convey information Watchdog journalism refers to forms of Activist journalism aimed at holding accountable public personalities and institutions whose functions impact social and political life The term Fourth Estate refers to the press, both in its explicit capacity of advocacy and in its implicit ability to frame political issues Fifth Estate is any class or group in society other than the Clergy ( First Estate) the Nobility ( Second Estate) the Commoners ( Freedom Constitutional or statutory protections pertaining to freedom of the press Infotainment (a Portmanteau of information and entertainment refers to a general type of media broadcast program which provides a combination of current Media bias in the United States News propaganda is Covert Propaganda packaged as credible News without transparency as to source and motivation Public relations (PR is the practice of managing the flow of Information between an Organization and its Publics Public relations - often referred Yellow journalism is Journalism that downplays legitimate news in favor of eye-catching headlines that sell more newspapers The news media refers to the section of the Mass media that focuses on presenting current News to the public A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. Magazines, periodicals or serials are Publications generally published on a regular schedule containing a variety of articles, generally News agency (alternative A news agency is an organization of Journalists established to supply News reports to organizations in the News trade Broadcast journalism is the field of news and journals which are "broadcast" that is published by electrical methods instead of the older methods such as printed newspapers Online journalism is defined as the Reporting of facts produced and distributed via the Internet. Photojournalism is a particular form of Journalism (the collecting editing and presenting of news material for publication or broadcast that creates images in order to tell Alternative media are media (newspapers radio television movies Internet etc Video blogging, sometimes shortened to vlogging is a form of Blogging for which the medium is Video. A journalist (also called a newspaperman) is a person who practices Journalism, the gathering and dissemination of information about current events trends A reporter is a type of Journalist who Researches and presents information in certain types of Mass media. Editing Language, Images or Sound through correction condensation organization and other modifications in various media A columnist is a Journalist who writes material on a regular basis for publication in a series A photographer is a person who takes a Photograph using a Camera. Meteorology (from Greek grc μετέωρος metéōros, "high in the sky" and grc -λογία -logia) is the Interdisciplinary Current events are contemporary happenings of significance The phrase may also refer to the following Current Events, a journal published by Weekly Reader Publishing Publishing is the process of production and dissemination of Literature or Information &ndash the activity of making information available for public view For the band see Broadcast (band Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or Video signals which transmit The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks Word of mouth, is a reference to the passing of Information by verbal means especially recommendations but also general information in an informal person-to-person News, the reporting of current information on television and radio, and in newspapers and magazines.

Contents

Etymology

One theory is that "news" was developed as a special use of the plural form of "new" in the 14th century. In Middle English, the equivalent word was newes, based on the French nouvelles. Middle English is the name given by Historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman invasion of

Another theory is that the word, phonetically and its written style, is based upon the Germanic word "neues".

A folk etymology suggests that it is an acronym of the cardinal directions: north, east, west, and south. Folk etymology is a term used in two distinct ways A commonly held misunderstanding of the origin of a particular word a False etymology. Acronyms, initialisms, and alphabetisms are Abbreviations that are formed using the initial components in a phrase or name

Reporting of news

News reporting is a type of journalism, typically written or broadcast in news style. Journalism is the profession of writing or communicating formally employed by publications and broadcasters for the benefit of a particular Community of people News style (also journalistic style or news writing) is the particular Prose style used for News reporting (ie News is often reported by a variety of sources, such as newspapers, television, and radio programs, wire services, and web sites. News agency (alternative A news agency is an organization of Journalists established to supply News reports to organizations in the News trade A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages Most news is investigated and presented by journalists and can be distributed to various outlets via news agencies. A journalist (also called a newspaperman) is a person who practices Journalism, the gathering and dissemination of information about current events trends News agency (alternative A news agency is an organization of Journalists established to supply News reports to organizations in the News trade The reporting and investigation of news falls within the profession of journalism.

Categories of news

Until the 1970s, when women's lib issues came to the forefront, most newspapers had a "Women's" section devoted entirely to fashion and society news. The feminist movement (also known as the Women's Movement or Women's Liberation) is a series of campaigns on issues such as Reproductive rights (sometimes Papers even printed "cheesecake" feature photos of attractive young women in bikinis, often transmitted by the AP or UPI wire services, illustrating various news events or feature ideas. A pin-up girl or pin-up model is a model whose mass-produced pictures see wide appeal as Pop culture. A bikini or two-piece is a type of women's Swimsuit, characterized by two separate parts &mdash one covering the Breasts (optionally in the case of The Associated Press ( AP) is an American News agency. The AP is a Cooperative owned by its contributing Newspapers radio

There are many other categories of news. The weather is typically presented by a certified meteorologist or, on smaller stations, a less-trained "weatherman" and is considered news. Meteorology (from Greek grc μετέωρος metéōros, "high in the sky" and grc -λογία -logia) is the Interdisciplinary

Some other news categories are:

History of news reporting

In its infancy, news gathering was primitive by today's standards. Murder is the unlawful killing of another human person with Malice aforethought, as defined in Common Law countries Robbery is the Crime of seizing Property through Violence or Intimidation. Sport is an Activity that is governed by a set of rules or Customs and often engaged in competitively Fashion refers to styles of dress (but can also include cuisine literature art architecture and general comportment that are popular in a culture at any given time A society is a Population of Humans characterized by patterns of relationships between individuals that share a distinctive Culture and Institutions A business (also called firm or an enterprise) is a legally recognized organizational entity designed to provide goods and/or services to A comic strip is a sequence of drawings that tells a story Currently in the Western world, most comic strips are written and drawn by a Comics artist A feature story (also known as a feature article is an article in a Newspaper, a Magazine, or a news website that is not meant to report Breaking A lottery is a form of Gambling which involves the drawing of lots for a prize A celebrity is a widely-recognized or famous person who commands a high degree of public and media attention Advertising is a form of Communication that typically attempts to persuade potential Customers to Purchase or to consume more of a particular Brand Printed news had to be phoned in to a newsroom or brought there by a reporter, where it was typed and either transmitted over wire services or edited and manually set in type along with other news stories for a specific edition. A reporter is a type of Journalist who Researches and presents information in certain types of Mass media. Editing Language, Images or Sound through correction condensation organization and other modifications in various media Typesetting involves the presentation of textual material in graphic form on Paper or some other medium. Today, the term "Breaking News" has become trite as broadcast and cable news services use live satellite technology to bring current events into consumers' homes live as they happen. This article is about artificial satellites For natural satellites also known as moons see Natural satellite. Consumers refers to individuals or households that use goods and services generated within the economy. Events that used to take hours or days to become common knowledge in towns or in nations are fed instantaneously to consumers via radio, television, cell phones, and the Internet.

Newspapers

Most large cities had morning and afternoon newspapers. As the media evolved and news outlets increased to the point of near over-saturation, afternoon newspapers were shut down except for relatively few. Morning newspapers have been gradually losing circulation, according to reports advanced by the papers themselves.

Commonly, news content should contain the "Five Ws" (who, what, when, where, why, and also how) of an event. In Journalism, the Five Ws (also known as the Five Ws (and one H or simply the Six Ws) is a concept in News style, Research, and There should be no questions remaining. Newspapers normally write hard news stories, such as those pertaining to murders, fires, wars, etc. in inverted pyramid style so the most important information is at the beginning. The inverted pyramid is a Metaphor used to illustrate how information should be arranged or presented within a text in particular within a news story. Busy readers can read as little or as much as they desire. Local stations and networks with a set format must take news stories and break them down into the most important aspects due to time constraints. Cable news channels such as Fox News Channel, MSNBC, and CNN, are able to take advantage of a story, sacrificing other, decidedly less important stories, and giving as much detail about breaking news as possible. MSNBC is a 24-hour cable television news channel based in the United States and available in Canada. Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner

Objectivity in news

News organizations are often expected to aim for objectivity; reporters claim to try to cover all sides of an issue without bias, as compared to commentators or analysts, who provide opinion or personal point-of-view. News agency (alternative A news agency is an organization of Journalists established to supply News reports to organizations in the News trade Objectivity is a significant principle of Journalistic professionalism. An opinion is a Person 's Ideas and thoughts towards something which it is either impossible to verify the truth of or the truth of which is thought unimportant to However, several governments impose certain constraints or police news organizations for bias. In the United Kingdom, for example, limits are set by the government agency Ofcom, the Office of Communications. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Office of Communications (Y Swyddfa Gyfathrebiadau or as it is more often known Ofcom is the independent regulator and competition authority for the Communication Both newspapers and broadcast news programs in the United States are generally expected to remain neutral and avoid bias except for clearly indicated editorial articles or segments. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Many single-party governments have operated state-run news organizations, which may present the government's views.

Even in those situations where objectivity is expected, it is difficult to achieve, and individual journalists may fall foul of their own personal bias, or succumb to commercial or political pressure. Similarly, the objectivity of news organizations owned by conglomerated corporations fairly may be questioned, in light of the natural incentive for such groups to report news in a manner intended to advance the conglomerate's financial interests. Individuals and organizations who are the subject of news reports may use news management techniques to try to make a favourable impression. Managing the news refers to acts which are intended to influence the presentation of information within the news media Because no human being can remain entirely objective (each of us has a particular point of view), it is recognized that there can be no absolute objectivity in news reporting.

Newsworthiness

Newsworthiness is defined as a subject having sufficient relevance to the public or a special audience to warrant press attention or coverage.

Normal people are not newsworthy unless they meet an unusual circumstance or tragedy. The news divides the population into two groups; those few whose lives are newsworthy, and the multitude who are born, live out their lives and die without the news media paying them any significant notice. The news has always covered subjects that catch people's attention and differ from their "ordinary lives". The news is often used for escapism and thus normal events are not newsworthy. Whether the subject is love, birth, weather, or crime, journalists' tastes inevitably run toward the unnatural, the extraordinary.

The subject and newsworthiness of a story depends on the audience, as they decide what they do and do not have an interest in. The denser the population, the more global the news becomes, as there is a broader range of interests involved in its selection.

Only a fraction of news manage to convey the overall world development.

Famous TV news broadcasters

Famous Internet news websites

International news broadcasters

See also

References


Notes

Dictionary

news

-noun

  1. New information of interest.
  2. Reports of current events broadcast via media such as newspapers or television.
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