- for the place called New Plymouth in the United States, see New Plymouth, Idaho. New Plymouth is a city in Payette County, Idaho, United States.
- for the electorate see New Plymouth (NZ electorate)
| New Plymouth Ngāmotu (Maori) | |
  New Plymouth | |
| Coordinates: | |
|---|---|
| Country |  New Zealand |
| Region | Taranaki |
| Territorial authority | New Plymouth District |
| Electorate | New Plymouth |
| Government | |
| - MP | Harry Duynhoven (Labour) |
| - Mayor | Peter Tennent |
| Area | |
| - Territorial | 2,209. New Plymouth is a New Zealand Parliamentary electorate. It is currently held by Harry Duynhoven MP New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The region is the top tier of Local government in New Zealand. Geography and people Taranaki is situated on the west coast of the North Island surrounding the volcanic peak Territorial authorities are the second tier of Local government in New Zealand, below regional councils. New Plymouth is a New Zealand Parliamentary electorate. It is currently held by Harry Duynhoven MP A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 3 km² (853 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| - Territorial | 71,400 |
| - Density | 32. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 3/km² (83. 7/sq mi) |
| - Urban | 51,000 |
| Time zone | NZST (UTC+13) |
| - Summer (DST) | NZDT (UTC) |
| Postcode(s) | |
| Area code(s) | 06 |
| Website: http://www.newplymouthnz.com | |
New Plymouth is the port and main city in the Taranaki region on the west coast of the North Island of New Zealand. History On 2 November 1868, New Zealand officially adopted a standard time to be observed nationally and was perhaps the first country to do so UTC+13 is a Time zone for the following locations Enderbury Kiribati (Phoenix Islands Time New Zealand Daylight Time Daylight saving time ( DST A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Geography and people Taranaki is situated on the west coast of the North Island surrounding the volcanic peak The North Island is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, the other being the South Island. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island It is named after Plymouth, Devon, England, from where the first English settlers came. Plymouth ( is a city and unitary authority area on the coast of Devon, England about south west of London. Devon is a large county in the South West of England. The county is also referred to as Devonshire, but that is an entirely unofficial name England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland
The city is a service centre for the region's principal economic activities including intensive pastoral activities (mainly dairy farming) as well as oil, natural gas and petrochemical exploration and production. Dairy farming is a class of agricultural, or an Animal husbandry enterprise for long-term production of Milk, which may be either processed on-site or Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit Natural gas is a Gaseous Fossil fuel consisting primarily of Methane but including significant quantities of Ethane, Propane, Petrochemicals are chemical products made from raw materials of Petroleum or other Hydrocarbon origin It is also the region's financial centre as the home of the TSB Bank (formerly the Taranaki Savings Bank), the only non-government New Zealand-owned bank. TSB Bank redirects here For the British bank formerly of the same name see Lloyds TSB.
New Plymouth's population is approximately 51,000. Notable features are the botanic gardens (eg Pukekura Park), the 7km coastal walkway alongside the Tasman Sea, the Len Lye-designed 45 metre tall artwork known as the Wind Wand, and views of Mount Taranaki (also known as Mount Egmont). Len Lye, born Leonard Charles Huia Lye ( 5 July 1901, Christchurch New Zealand - 15 May 1980, Warwick New York Mount Taranaki or Mount Egmont is an active but quiescent Stratovolcano in the Taranaki region on the west coast of New Zealand 's North
It is also noted for being a coastal city with a mountain within 30 minutes drive, where residents and visitors to New Plymouth can snowboard, ski, water ski and surf all in the same day.
Contents |
History
In 1828 Richard "Dicky" Barrett (1807-47) set up a trading post at Ngamotu after arriving on the trading vessel Adventure. The city of New Plymouth, New Zealand, has a history that includes a lengthy occupation and residence by Maori, the arrival of white traders and settlers Richard "Dicky" Barrett (1807-1847 was one of the first white traders to be based in New Zealand. Barrett traded with the local Māori and helped negotiate the purchase of land from them on behalf of the New Zealand Company. Settlers were selected by the Plymouth Company, which was set up to attract emigrants from the West Country of England, and which took over land initially purchased by the New Zealand Company. The West Country is an informal term for the area of south western England roughly corresponding to the modern South West England government region The first of the town’s settlers arrived on the William Bryan, which anchored off the coast on March 31, 1841. A series of disputes over ownership and settlement of land developed between Māori and settlers soon after and New Plymouth became a fortified garrison town in 1860-1861 as more than 3500 Imperial soldiers, as well as local volunteers and militia, fought Māori in the First Taranaki War. The First Taranaki War was an armed conflict over land ownership and Sovereignty that took place between Māori and the New Zealand Government in the
Growth and governance
Province of New Plymouth
The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 created the Province of New Plymouth, with a Provincial Council given jurisdiction over an area of 400,000ha. The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 (15 & 16 Vict c 72 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and was the second enactment to grant the colony of New (For the current top-level subdivision of Taranaki in New Zealand see Taranaki) The Taranaki Province was a province of New Zealand from 1853 until Five years later the name of the province changed its name to Taranaki. Geography and people Taranaki is situated on the west coast of the North Island surrounding the volcanic peak The province was abolished in 1876.
A Town Board was formed in 1863 and in August 1876 the town was constituted as a borough.
Borough/City of New Plymouth
Its new status did little to overcome some outside perceptions, however. In 1876 author E. W. Payton wrote that "all the great bustling 'cities' of the colony had a patronising way of trying to snub New Plymouth, referring to it in such derogatory terms as the dullest hole in the colony … nothing whatever to do there …I find a great liking for this 'slow, old hole' … it is a quiet, unassuming place and has not done so much to attract immigrants and settlers by exaggerating reports, as some districts have done. "[1]
The Fitzroy Town District was merged with New Plymouth borough in August 1911; Vogeltown, Frankleigh Park and Westown were added a year later, followed by St Aubyn-Moturoa. Frankleigh Park is a suburb of New Plymouth, in the western North Island of New Zealand. By 1913 the town had a population of 7538. Seafront land was added in 1931 and 1941; land acquired on Omata Rd was added in 1955 and in 1960 large areas including land to the south of Paritutu, as well as Hurdon, Ferndale and Huatoki were included, as well as land straddling Mangorei Rd between the Henui Stream and Waiwakaiho River.
New Plymouth was declared a city in 1949.
New Plymouth District
In 1989, as a part of New Zealand-wide reorganisation of local government, the New Plymouth City Council was merged with the Taranaki County Council, the Inglewood Borough Council, Waitara Borough Council, and Clifton County Council to form the New Plymouth District Council.
Transport and industry
Electric power was first provided in January 1906 from the Mangorei power station alongside the Waiwakaiho River near Burgess Park. [2]. The New Plymouth Power Station, designed to run on natural gas but ultimately operated as a thermal power station with a steam turbine, commenced operation in 1974 and ceased in 2007. The New Plymouth Power Station (NPPS was a 600 MW Thermal power station at New Plymouth. A thermal power station is a Power plant in which the prime mover is Steam driven [3]
Companies began searching for oil on the New Plymouth coast in 1865 after small deposits of thick oil were found on the shoreline. The first commercial quantities of oil were obtained in January 1866. Exploration continued sporadically and a refinery opened in 1913. Production ceased about 1972. The offshore Maui A well began production of natural gas in the late 1970s, sparking a flourishing energy and petrochemical industry. As Maui A’s resources decline, new sites in Taranaki are being developed in an effort to find more commercial petrochemical reserves. [4]
An 18 km railway link between New Plymouth and Waitara was completed in 1875; this later became the Waitara Branch. "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. Waitara is the name of a town and a river in the northern part of the Taranaki region of the North Island of New Zealand. The next year, work began on a line south to Stratford, which was reached in 1879, followed by Hawera in 1881. Geography Road & Rail Stratford is at the junction of State Highway 3 and State Highway 43. With a population of 11000 Hawera is the second-largest town in the Taranaki region of New Zealand 's North Island. This line, known as the Marton - New Plymouth Line, was completed on 23 March 1885, and when the Wellington - Manawatu Line of the Wellington and Manawatu Railway Company was opened on 3 November 1886, a direct railway link was established to Wellington. Construction Construction of the line commenced in the mid-1870s from both the southern and northern ends Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Wellington and Manawatu Line is an unofficial name for the section of New Zealand 's North Island Main Trunk Railway between Wellington and Palmerston The Wellington and Manawatu Railway Company ( WMR or W&MR) was a private railway company that operated a line between Thorndon in Wellington, Events 644 - Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim Caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina. Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common [5] The New Plymouth Express passenger train began operating on this route in December 1886. This article is about the former express train between New Plymouth and Wellington In 1926, it was augmented by the Taranaki Flyer for the run between New Plymouth and Wanganui, A direct railway route to Auckland was not established until 1932, when the Stratford - Okahukura Line was completed; the next year, when the line was handed over from the Public Works Department to the New Zealand Railways Department, the New Plymouth Night Express began operating to Auckland. The Taranaki Flyer was the name given to a passenger Train that was operated by the New Zealand Railways Department between Wanganui and New Plymouth The Stratford - Okahukura Line (SOL is a secondary Railway line in the North Island of New Zealand, between the Marton - New Plymouth The New Zealand Ministry of Works, formerly the Department of Public Works and sometimes referred to as the Public Works Department or PWD was founded in 1876 and The New Zealand Railways Department, abbreviated as NZR or NZGR (New Zealand Government Railways and often known simply as the "Railways" was a government The New Plymouth Night Express was a passenger Express train operated by the New Zealand Railways Department (NZR that ran between Auckland and New [6] All carriage trains were replaced by RM class Standard and 88 seater railcars by 1956. The RM class is the classification used by the New Zealand Railways Department (NZR and its successors given to most railcars and railbuses that have operated on The NZR RM class Standard railcars were a class of Railcar operated by the New Zealand Railways Department in the North Island of New The NZR RM class 88-seaters were a class of Railcar used in New Zealand known unofficially as 'articulateds' 'twinsets' 'Drewrys' and 'Fiats' A railcar (not to be confused with a railway car) is a self-propelled railway Vehicle designed to Transport passengers The Wanganui service ceased in 1959; the Auckland service was truncated to terminate in Taumarunui from 1971; and the Wellington service was cancelled on 30 July 1977. Taumarunui is a Town in the King Country of the central North Island of New Zealand. Events 1419 - First Defenestration of Prague. 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays On 11 February 1978, the Taumarunui railcar was replaced by a passenger train, but it was ultimately cancelled on 21 January 1983. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Since this date, the only passenger trains to operate to New Plymouth have been infrequent excursions operated by railway preservation societies. [7]
The breakwater at Ngamotu was completed in 1883, providing safe berthage for vessels, and the Moturoa wharf was completed in 1888. Port Taranaki is a critical transport link for the region and the only deep water port on the west coast of New Zealand. Port Taranaki is located at New Plymouth, New Zealand. It is the only deep water port on the west coast of New Zealand and is owned by the Taranaki Regional Council
In 1916 the city's electric tramway system began and petrol-powered buses began running four years later. Trams in New Zealand were a major form of transport from the 19th century into the mid 20th century Trams were scrapped in 1953.
The first aircraft landed at the racecourse in 1920 and commercial flights began using the airport at Bell Block in June 1937. During World War II this grass airfield became RNZAF Bell Block; and was replaced in 1966 by the current tarmac airport, 3km NE of the old airport site. New Plymouth Airport serves the city of New Plymouth, and the surrounding region of Taranaki.
Among the city's major industrial companies was Ivon Watkins-Dow, an agricultural chemicals company founded in 1944 by brothers Ivon, Harry and Dan Watkins and joined as a partner 20 years later by Dow Chemicals of Michigan. The Dow Chemical Company () is an American Multinational corporation headquartered in Midland Michigan. Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. The company ran a factory at Paritutu making the herbicide 2,4,5-T. 245-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (245-T a synthetic Auxin, is a chlorophenoxy acetic acid herbicide used to defoliate broad-leafed plants A 2005 study found that people who lived close to the Ivon Watkins-Dow plant between 1962 and 1987 were likely to have dioxin levels on average four times higher than the general public. Not to be confused with Dioxane or Digoxin. Dioxin is a heterocyclic, organic, antiaromatic compound In some groups the level was as much as seven times as high. A Public Health Medicine senior adviser has claimed that based on international findings, the residents' exposure to dioxin may cause increased rates of disease, in particular cancer. Cancer (medical term Malignant Neoplasm) is a class of Diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled In March 2007 the Ministry of Health announced it would offer a major health support programme to anyone affected. [8][9][10] In April 2008 the Ministry clarified that the programme's main feature would be a free annual medical check up for those who had lived, worked or studied close to the factory. [11]
Features and Attractions
Pukekura Park is a unique public area of native and exotic plants, close to the city centre. During summer, it is the location of the Festival of Lights[12]
Nearby Pukeiti is the home of one of the country's top rhododendron gardens, run by the Pukeiti Rhododendron Trust. Pukeiti is a small settlement in Taranaki, in the western North Island of New Zealand.
Climate
New Plymouth has a warm, moist, temperate climate. The average summer afternoon temperature is 21-22ºC; average summer night-time temperature is 12-13ºC. In winter the average afternoon temperature is 13-14ºC and night-time temperature is 5-6ºC. The average annual rainfall is 1432mm.
| Weather averages for New Plymouth | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 21. 8 (71) | 22. 3 (72) | 21. 1 (70) | 18. 7 (66) | 16 (61) | 14 (57) | 13. 3 (56) | 13. 9 (57) | 15 (59) | 16. 3 (61) | 18. 1 (65) | 19. 9 (68) | 17. 5 (64) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 13. 6 (56) | 13. 6 (56) | 12. 7 (55) | 10. 6 (51) | 8. 3 (47) | 6. 6 (44) | 5. 6 (42) | 6. 4 (44) | 7. 9 (46) | 9. 2 (49) | 10. 8 (51) | 12. 3 (54) | 9. 8 (50) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 97 (3. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric 8) | 95 (3. 7) | 117 (4. 6) | 131 (5. 2) | 124 (4. 9) | 145 (5. 7) | 143 (5. 6) | 127 (5) | 110 (4. 3) | 124 (4. 9) | 108 (4. 3) | 103 (4. 1) | 1,432 (56. 4) |
| Source: NIWA Climate Data[13] 1971 – 2000 | |||||||||||||
Sister Cities
References
- ^ As quoted by J. Kunming ( kʊn'mɪŋ UN/LOCODE: CNKMG is a Prefecture-level city and capital of Yunnan province in Southwestern China. is a city located in Shizuoka, Japan. The city was founded on April 29, 1941. S. Tullett, who cites "Early Days, Taranaki" by F. B. Butler (1942).
- ^ Puke Ariki essay on electricity generation in Taranaki
- ^ Contact Energy information sheet on New Zealand power stations
- ^ New Plymouth District Council website.
- ^ New Zealand Railway and Tramway Atlas, fourth edition, edited by John Yonge (Essex: Quail Map Company, 1993), 9-11, 15.
- ^ J. D. Mahoney, Kings of the Iron Road: Steam Passenger Trains of New Zealand (Palmerston North: Dunmore Press, 1982), 67, 71.
- ^ Geoffrey B. Churchman and Tony Hurst, The Railways of New Zealand: A Journey Through History (Auckland: HarperCollins, 1991), 132-3, 140-1.
- ^ "Health support for Taranaki residents exposed to dioxin", New Zealand Herald, March 27, 2007
- ^ "The Poisoning of New Zealand", Investigate magazine
- ^ "Search on for former Paritutu residents", Press release by Hon Damien O'Connor, April 3, 2003
- ^ "Health support service for people exposed to dioxin", Information from Ministry of Health, April 29, 2008
- ^ Festival of Lights
- ^ Climate Data. NIWA. Retrieved on November 2, 2007. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
External links
- New Plymouth
- Puke Ariki: Taranaki's combined museum, library and visitor information centre
- New Plymouth Street Map
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