Citizendia

NCR Corporation
TypePublic (NYSE: NCR)
Founded1884
HeadquartersDayton, Ohio,
Flag of the United States United States
Key peopleWilliam Nuti, President and Chief Executive Officer
James Ringler, Chairman
IndustryTechnology
ProductsPoint of sale, automatic teller machines, data warehouses, retail store automation
Revenue US$6,142 million (2006)
Operating income US$ 473 million (2006)
Net income US$ 382 million (2006)
Employees29,500 (2006)
Websitewww.ncr.com

NCR Corporation (NYSENCR) is a technology company specializing in products for the retail and financial sectors. A public company usually refers to a company that is permitted to offer its registered securities ( Stock, bonds, etc The New York Stock Exchange ( NYSE) is a Stock exchange based in New York City. Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Dayton is a city in southwestern Ohio, United States. It is the County seat and largest city of Montgomery County. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the President is a Title leaders of Organizations companies, Trade unions universities, and countries. A chief executive officer ( CEO) or chief executive is typically the highest-ranking corporate officer ( executive) or administrator For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt In Marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a Market that might satisfy a want or need Point of sale or point of service ( POS or PoS) can mean a retail shop, a checkout counter in a shop or the location where a transaction A data warehouse is a Repository of an organization's electronically stored data In business revenue or revenues is Income that a company receives from its normal business activities usually from the sale of goods and services The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. In financial and business Accounting, earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT is a measure of a firm's profitability that excludes interest and income tax expenses The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been Net income is equal to the Income that a firm has after subtracting costs and Expenses from the total Revenue. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The New York Stock Exchange ( NYSE) is a Stock exchange based in New York City. Its main products are point-of-sale terminals, automatic teller machines, check processing systems, barcode scanners, and business consumables. Point of sale or point of service ( POS or PoS) can mean a retail shop, a checkout counter in a shop or the location where a transaction A cheque (spelled check in American English) is a Negotiable instrument instructing a Financial institution to pay a specific amount of A barcode reader (or barcode scanner) is an electronic device for reading printed Barcodes Like a Flatbed scanner, it consists of a light source a lens They also are one of the largest providers of IT maintenance support services. From 1988 to 1997 they sponsored the NCR Book Award for non-fiction. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar The NCR Book Award, established in 1987 and sponsored by NCR, was the UK's major award to non-fiction It ended in 1998 and has been replaced by the Samuel Johnson Prize

The company was founded in 1884 and acquired by AT&T in 1991. Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Before proposing a merge request please see Talk and see if the merger you propose has recently been made and Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. A restructuring of AT&T in 1996 led to NCR's re-establishment on 1 January 1997 as a separate company, and also involved the spin-off from AT&T of Lucent Technologies; NCR is the only AT&T spin-off that has retained its original name – all others have either been purchased or renamed following subsequent mergers. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar A spin-off (or spinoff) is a new Organization or Entity formed by a split from a larger one such as a Television series based on a pre-existing Lucent Technologies was a technology company composed of what was formerly AT&T Technologies, which included Western Electric and Bell Labs.

For the twelve months ending 31 December 2006, NCR Corporation reported revenues of US$6. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 142 billion, with a net income of $382 million. [1]

Contents

History

Early years

Antique three-column full-keyboard cash register
Antique three-column full-keyboard cash register

The company began as the National Manufacturing Company of Dayton, Ohio, which was established to manufacture and sell the first mechanical cash register, invented in 1879 by James Ritty. Dayton is a city in southwestern Ohio, United States. It is the County seat and largest city of Montgomery County. A cash register is a mechanical or electronic device for calculating and recording sales transactions and an attached Cash drawer for storing Currency. Year 1879 ( MDCCCLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common James Ritty ( October 29, 1836 &ndash 29 March, 1918) saloonkeeper and Inventor, invented the Cash register. In 1884 the company and patents were bought by John Henry Patterson and his brother Frank Jefferson Patterson and the firm was renamed the National Cash Register Company. John Henry Patterson ( December_13, 1844- May_7, 1922 was an industrialist and founder of the National Cash Register Company. Patterson formed NCR into one of the first modern American companies, introducing new, aggressive sales methods and business techniques. He established the first sales training school in 1893, and introduced a comprehensive social welfare program for his factory workers. Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

Other significant figures in the early history of the company were Charles F. Kettering, Thomas J. Watson, Sr. and Edward A. Deeds. Charles Franklin Kettering ( August 29, 1876 – November 24 or November 25, 1958) was an American inventor and the holder of Thomas John Watson Sr ( February 17, 1874 &ndash June 19, 1956) was the American president of International Business Machines Edward Andrew Deeds ( 12 March, 1874 – July 1, 1960) was an engineer inventor and industrialist Deeds and Kettering went on to found Delco Electronics which became a division of General Motors. Delco Electronics Corporation was the automotive Electronics design and manufacturing subsidiary of General Motors based in Kokomo Indiana. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. Watson eventually worked his way up to general sales manager. Bent on inspiring the dispirited NCR sales force, Watson introduced the motto "THINK!" Signs with this motto were erected in factory buildings, sales offices, and club rooms during the mid-1890s. The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the " Mauve Decade" because William Henry Perkin 's aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that "THINK" later became a widely-known symbol of IBM. Kettering designed the first cash register powered by an electric motor in 1906. Within a few years he developed the Class 1000 register which was in production for 40 years, and the O. K. Telephone Credit Authorization system for verifying credit in department stores.

Expansion

NCR expanded quickly and became multi-national in 1888. Year 1888 ( MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Between 1893 and 1906 it acquired a number of smaller cash register companies. [2]

By 1911 it had sold one million machines and grown to almost 6,000 employees. Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Combined with rigorous legal attacks, Patterson's methods enabled the company to fight off, bankrupt or buy-out over 80 of its early competitors and achieve control of 95% of the U. S. market.

In 1912, the company was found guilty of violating the Sherman Antitrust Act. Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting The Sherman Antitrust Act ( Sherman Act, July 2, 1890, ch 647,) was the first United States Federal statute to limit Cartels and Patterson, Deeds, Watson, and 25 other NCR executives and managers were convicted for illegal anti-competitive sales practices and were sentenced to one year of imprisonment. Their convictions were unpopular with the public due to the efforts of Patterson and Watson to help those affected by the Dayton, Ohio floods of 1913, but efforts to have them pardoned by President Woodrow Wilson were unsuccessful. Dayton is a city in southwestern Ohio, United States. It is the County seat and largest city of Montgomery County. Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28 1856—February 3 1924 was the twenty-eighth President of the United States. However, their convictions were overturned on appeal in 1915 on the grounds that important defense evidence should have been admitted.

Two million units were sold by 1922, the year John Patterson died. In 1925 the company went public with an issue of $55 million in stock, at that time the largest public offering in United States history. During World War I the company manufactured shell fuzes and aircraft instrumentation, and during World War II built aero-engines, bomb sights and code-breaking machines, including the American bombe designed by Joseph Desch. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All In an Explosive, Pyrotechnic device or military Munition, a fuse (or fuze) is the part of the device that initiates function World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including In the History of cryptography, the Bombe was an electromechanical device used by British Cryptologists to help break German Enigma Joseph Desch (1907&ndash August 3 1987) was an American engineer

Post-war

Computer NCR 304
Computer NCR 304

Building on their wartime experience, NCR became a major post-war force in developing new technology. In 1953, following their acquisition of Computer Research Corporation the previous year, the company created a specialised electronics division. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In 1956, NCR introduced its first electronic device, the Class 29 Post-Tronic, a bank machine using magnetic stripe technology. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A magnetic stripe card is a type of card capable of storing Data by modifying the Magnetism of tiny iron-based magnetic particles on a band of magnetic material With GE the company manufactured its first transistor-based computer in 1957, the NCR 304. In Electronics, a transistor is a Semiconductor device commonly used to amplify or switch electronic signals Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) The NCR 304, introduced in 1957, was National Cash Register (NCR 's first Transistor -based Computer.

Also in the 1950s NCR introduced MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition). Magnetic Ink Character Recognition, or MICR (pronounced my-ker or micker) a character recognition technology adopted mainly by the banking industry to In 1962, NCR introduced the NCR-315 Electronic Data Processing System which included the CRAM storage device, the first automated mass storage alternative to magnetic tape libraries accessed manually by computer operators. Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The NCR 315 Data Processing System, released in January 1962 by NCR, was a second generation Computer. In Computing, mass storage refers to the storage of large amounts of information in a persisting and Machine-readable fashion Magnetic tape is a medium for Magnetic recording generally consisting of a thin magnetizable coating on a long and narrow strip of Plastic. The NCR 500 computer was also offered to customers who did not need the full power of the 315. The company's first all-integrated circuit computer was the Century 100 of 1968. Microchipsjpg|right|thumb|200px|Microchips ( EPROM memory with a transparent window showing the integrated circuit inside NCRs first all integrated circuit computer The 615-100 Series integrated a complete data processing system had 16KB or 32KB of short rod memory 80-column card reader or paper tape reader Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

The company adopted the name NCR Corporation in 1974. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar.

Small computers

In 1982, NCR became involved in open systems architecture. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Open systems architecture, in Telecommunication, is a standard that describes the layered hierarchical structure configuration, or model of a communications Its first such system was the UNIX-powered TOWER 16/32, the success of which (approximately 100,000 were sold) established NCR as a pioneer in bringing industry standards and open systems architecture to the computer market. Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX, sometimes also written as Unix with Small caps) is a computer These 5000-series systems were based on Motorola 680xx CPUs and supported NCR's proprietary transaction processing system TMX, which was mainly used by financial institutions. This is a list of Motorola products. Motorola is a multinational company which manufactures Telecommunications and Electronics products

NCR office buildings in Augsburg, Germany
NCR office buildings in Augsburg, Germany

In the 1980s, NCR sold various PC compatible AT-class computers, like the small form factor NCR-3390 (called an "intelligent terminal"). Augsburg is an independent City in the south-west of Bavaria. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. IBM PC compatible computers are those generally similar to the original IBM PC, XT, and AT. The IBM Personal Computer/AT, more commonly known as the IBM AT and also sometimes called the PC AT or PC/AT, was IBM 's second-generation Small form factor ( SFF) computers are housed in smaller cases than typical Desktop computers While the term has no exact definition it generally includes They proposed a customized version of MS-DOS, NCR-DOS, which for example offered support for switching the CPU between 6, 8 or 10 MHz speeds. MS-DOS (short for M icro' s' oft D isk O perating S ystem is an Operating system commercialized by Microsoft. The computers featured an improved CGA adapter, the NGA, which had a 640×400 text mode more suitable for business uses than the original 640x200 mode, with characters drawn using single-pixel-wide lines, giving an appearance similar to that of classic IBM 3270 terminals. The Color Graphics Adapter ( CGA) originally also called the Color/Graphics Adapter or IBM Color/Graphics Monitor Adapter The IBM 3270 is a class of terminals made by IBM since 1972 (known as "display devices" normally used to communicate with IBM mainframes The additional four-color 640×400 graphical mode was identical to CGA's 320×200 mode from a programming point of view.

In 1990, NCR introduced the System 3000, a seven-level family of computers based on Intel's 386 and 486 CPUs. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) The Intel 486, otherwise known as the 80486 i486 or just 486 was the first tightly pipelined X86 design The majority of the System 3000 range utilised IBM's Micro Channel architecture rather than the more prevalent ISA architecture, and utilised SCSI peripherals as well as the more popular parallel and serial port interfaces, resulting in a premium product with premium pricing. Micro Channel Architecture (in practice almost always shortened to MCA) was a proprietary 16- or 32-bit parallel Computer bus

Automated Teller Machines

Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) is now NCR's principal product line. NCR had made its first ATM in the late 1970s with widespread installations of the model 770 in National Westminster and Barclays Banks throughout the UK, but it was not until the Model 5040, developed at its Dundee plant in Scotland and introduced in 1983 that the company began to make more serious inroads into the ATM market. Dundee (Dùn Dèagh is the fourth-largest city in Scotland and fully named as Dundee City, one of Scotland's 32 local government council Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Subsequent models included the 5084, 56xx, and 58xx (Personas) series. In early 2008 the company launched its new generation of ATMs - the 662x/663x SelfServ series. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common NCR currently commands over a third of the entire ATM market, with an estimated $18 trillion being withdrawn from NCR ATMs every year. In addition, NCR's expertise in this field lead the company to contract with the U.S. Military to support the Eagle Cash program with customized ATMs. The United States Armed Forces are the overall unified military forces of the United States Eagle Cash (also EagleCash) and EZPay are two related systems of stored-value cards developed by the U [3]

NCR 5xxx series

The NCR 5xxx-series is the range of (ATM's) produced by NCR from the early 1980s. Most models were designed and initially manufactured at its Dundee factory in Scotland, but later produced at several other locations around the world. Dundee (Dùn Dèagh is the fourth-largest city in Scotland and fully named as Dundee City, one of Scotland's 32 local government council Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

There have been several distinct generations:

AT&T

NCR was acquired September 19, 1991 by AT&T for $7. Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Before proposing a merge request please see Talk and see if the merger you propose has recently been made and 4 billion and was joined with Teradata Corporation on February 28, 1992. Teradata Corporation ( is a hardware and software vendor specializing in data warehousing and analytic applications As an AT&T subsidiary, its 1992 year-end headcount was 53,800 employees and contractors. [4] By 1993, the subsidiary produced a year-end $1. 287 billion net loss on $7. 265 billion in revenue. The net losses continued in 1994 and 1995, losses that required repeated subsidies from the parent company and resulted in a 1995 year-end headcount of 41,100. [4] During these three years, AT&T was the former NCR's largest customer, accounting for over $1. 5 billion in revenue. [4]

For a while, starting in 1994 the subsidiary was renamed AT&T Global Information Solutions, but in 1995, AT&T decided to spin-off the company, and in 1996, changed its name back to NCR in preparation for a spin-off. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) A spin-off (or spinoff) is a new Organization or Entity formed by a split from a larger one such as a Television series based on a pre-existing The company outlined its reasons for the spin-off in an Information Statement sent to its stockholders, which cited, in addition to "changes in customer needs" and "need for focused management time and attention", the following:

. . . [A]dvantages of vertical integration [which had motivated ATT's earlier acquisition of NCR] are outweighed by its costs and disadvantages. In Microeconomics and Management, the term vertical integration describes a style of Management control. . . . [T]o varying degrees, many of the actual and potential customers of Lucent and NCR are or will be competitors of AT&T's communications services businesses. NCR believes that its efforts to target the communications industry have been hindered by the reluctance of AT&T's communications services competitors to make purchases from an AT&T subsidiary.

NCR re-emerged as a stand-alone company on January 1, 1997. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar

Independence

One of NCR's first significant acquisitions after becoming independent from AT&T came in July of 1997 when it purchased Compris Technologies, a privately held company in Kennesaw, Georgia that produced software for restaurant chains. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Kennesaw is a city in Cobb County, Georgia, United States. The population was 21675 at the 2000 census [5] In November of 1997, NCR purchased Dataworks Inc. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar , a 60-person privately held company in San Antonio, Texas. [6]

The Montgomery County Historical Society and NCR Corporation joined in 1998 into an innovative partnership committed to preserving the voluminous NCR Archive. Montgomery County Historical Society is designated as official historian of Montgomery County Ohio and Miami Valley heritage. For more than three months in late 1999, trucks traveled between NCR's Building 28 and the Historical Society's Research Center, bringing the three million pieces of this extraordinary collection to its new home. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar)

In 1998, NCR sold its computer hardware manufacturing assets to Solectron and ceased to produce general-purpose computer systems, focusing instead on the retail and financial industries. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Solectron Corporation was a global electronics manufacturing company for Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs In 2000, NCR acquired CRM provider Ceres Integrated Solutions and services company 4Front Technologies. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Customer relationship management ( CRM) is a term applied to processes implemented by a company to handle its contact with its customers 4Front Technologies is the company behind the Open Sound System for Linux and Unix operating systems Recent acquisitions include self-service companies Kinetics, InfoAmerica and Galvanon, and software company DecisionPoint. Kinetics, a subsidiary of NCR Corporation, develops Self-service software and hardware travel technology In 2006, NCR acquired software company IDVelocity and the ATM manufacturing division of Tidel, a cash security equipment manufacturer specializing in retail markets. [7] Today, NCR's R&D activity is split between its two main centres in Atlanta USA and Dundee, Scotland. Dundee (Dùn Dèagh is the fourth-largest city in Scotland and fully named as Dundee City, one of Scotland's 32 local government council

Recent developments

On January 8, 2007, NCR announced its intention to separate into two independent companies by spinning off Teradata to shareholders. Teradata Corporation ( is a hardware and software vendor specializing in data warehousing and analytic applications Bill Nuti will continue in his current role as president and CEO of NCR, while Teradata Senior VP Mike Koehler will assume leadership of Teradata. [1]

On 1 October 2007, NCR Corporation and Teradata jointly announced the Teradata business unit spin-off was complete, with Michael Kohler as the first CEO of Teradata. [2]

On January 11, 2007, NCR announced plans to restructure its entire ATM manufacturing operations, with 650 jobs at its Dundee plant being cut [3] A further 450 jobs were cut in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Waterloo is a City in Ontario, Canada. It is the smallest of the three cities in the Regional Municipality Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page

Management

Products

Hardware

Software

Services

Obsolete

References

  1. ^ NCR Corporation. "NCR Corporation 2006 Annual Report" (PDF). . NCR Corporation Retrieved on 2007-10-25. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a
  2. ^ Kenneth Brevoort and Howard P. Marvel. ""Successful Monopolization Through Predation: The National Cash Register Company," in J.B. Kirkwood, ed., Antitrust Law and Economics" (PDF). . New York: Elsevier, 2004 Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
  3. ^ Harris, Bryan. "Smart cards, kiosks ease Army life", Kiosk Marketplace, 2006-01-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Retrieved on 2008-02-16. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols  
  4. ^ a b c Information Statement dated November 25, 1996, furnished to AT&T shareholders of record
  5. ^ NCR Corp. to buy Compris Technologies, a July 1997 article from the Atlanta Business Chronicle
  6. ^ NCR Corp. buys Dataworks software firm, a November 1997 article from the Dayton Business Journal
  7. ^ http://www.ncr.com/en/media_information/2006/jan/pr010506.htm (the page doesn't exist anymore)

External links




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