A monarchy, from the Greek μονος, "one," and αρχειν, "to rule," is a form of government in which a monarch, usually a single person, is the head of state. A system of government is a term that refers to the set of political Institutions by which a Government of a State is organized in order to exert its powers Politics Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions See also Form of government This article lists forms of government and Political systems according to a series of different ways of categorising them Anarchism is a Political philosophy encompassing theories and attitudes which support the elimination of all compulsory Government, i Aristocracy is a form of Government, where rule is established through an internal struggle over who has the most status and influence over society and internal relations Authoritarianism describes a Form of government characterized by an emphasis on the Authority of the State in a republic or union An autocracy is a Form of government in which the Political power is held by a single self-appointed ruler A band society is the simplest form of human Society. A band generally consists of a small kin group no larger than an Extended family or Clan. A chiefdom is a type of complex society of varying degrees of centralization that is led by an individual known as a chief. This article is about a type of political territory For other uses see Colony (disambiguation. Communist state is a term used by many Political scientists to describe a Form of government in which the State operates under a one-party system Corporatocracy is a Neologism that describes a Government dominated by corporate influence banks and governments Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is held completely by the people under a free electoral system Direct Democracy is a movement within the British Conservative Party dedicated to localism and Constitutional reform as a means of reviving public Representative democracy is a form of government founded on the principles of the people's representatives Despotism is a Form of government by a single authority either an individual or tightly knit group, which rules with absolute political power A dictatorship is usually defined as an autocratic Form of government in which the Government is ruled by a Dictator. A military dictatorship is a Form of government wherein the political power resides with the Military; it is similar but not identical to a Stratocracy, Feudalism, a term first used in the early modern period (17th century in its most classic sense refers to a Medieval Europe Political system composed A kleptocracy (sometimes cleptocracy, occasionally kleptarchy) ( root klepto+kratein = rule by thieves) is a term applied to a Kritarchy is a form of government ruled by judges It may have existed in Israel during the period of time described in the Book of Judges and exist in Somalia under the Meritocracy is a system of a government or another organization wherein Appointments are made and responsibilities are given based on demonstrated talent and Ability Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is An empire (from the Latin " Imperium " denoting military Command within the ancient Roman government) is a State that Ochlocracy ( Greek: οχλοκρατία or okhlokratía; Latin: ochlocratia) is government by mob or a mass of people Oligarchy' ( Greek, Oligarkhía) is a Form of government where Political power effectively rests with a small elite segment Plutocracy is rule by the wealthy or power provided by wealth A puppet state is a State that is nominally independent but in reality under the control of another power A republic is a State or Country that is not led by a hereditary Monarch, but in which the people (or at least a part of its people have impact on its Mixed government, also known as a mixed constitution, is a form of government that integrated facets of government by Democracy, Oligarchy, and Monarchy A constitutional Republic is a State where the Head of state and other officials are elected as representatives of the people and A parliamentary republic or parliamentary constitutional republic is a form of a Republic which operates under a Parliamentary system of government The term socialist state (or socialist republic, or workers' state) can carry one of several different (but related meanings In strictly speaking any A capitalist republic is a concept of government completely the reverse of Marxist thought A single-party state, one-party system or single-party system is a type of Party system Government in which a single Political party Technocracy: A form of government in which scientists and technical experts are in control "technocracy is described as that society in which those who govern justify themselves Theocracy is a form of government in which a god or deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler Theodemocracy is a political system theorized by Joseph Smith Jr Constitutional theory defines a timocracy as either a State where only property owners may participate in Government; or a government Totalitarianism (or totalitarian rule) is a concept used to describe Political systems where a State regulates nearly every aspect of public and private A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally consists of a Social group existing before the development of or outside of States Many anthropologists use Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Archon (Gr ἄρχων pl ἄρχοντες is a Greek word that means "ruler" frequently used as the title of a specific public office A system of government is a term that refers to the set of political Institutions by which a Government of a State is organized in order to exert its powers Head of state is the generic term for the individual or collective office that serves as the chief public representative of a Monarchic or Republican Nation-state Monarchy is one of the oldest types of government and has been in continuous existence for most of recorded history.

In most monarchies, the monarch holds their position for life and passes the responsibilities and power of the position to their children or family when they die. In a few republics the head of state, often styled president, might remain in office for life, but most are elected for a term of office, after which he or she must step down or seek re-election, and any successors must then also be elected. President is a Title leaders of Organizations companies, Trade unions universities, and countries. An election is a Decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold formal office There are currently 30 monarchs reigning over 44 extant sovereign monarchies in the world; the disconnect in numbers between monarchs and countries is explained by the fact that the sixteen Commonwealth realms - vast geographic areas including the trans-continental realms of Canada and Australia - are separate realms of one Sovereign in personal union; and one other monarchy, Andorra, has two non-resident foreign (French and Spanish) co-monarchs, one of which is part of the government of a republic (the French one). A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. A personal union is the combination by which two different States are governed by the same Monarch, while their boundaries their laws and their interests remain distinct Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra ( Catalan: Principat d'Andorra) is a small Landlocked country in western A republic is a State or Country that is not led by a hereditary Monarch, but in which the people (or at least a part of its people have impact on its

The term monarchy is also used to refer to the people (especially the dynasty, also known as royalty) and institutions that make up the royal or imperial establishment, or to the realm over which the monarch reigns. An English Noun The English noun people has two distinct fields of application as a countable noun, a group of Humans A dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations A realm (rɛlm is the dominion of a monarch king queen emperor empress or other sovereign ruler Monarchs serve as symbols of continuity and statehood. The musical instrument is spelled Cymbal. A symbol is something --- such as an object, Picture, written word a sound a piece Continuity may refer to In mathematics: Continuous probability distribution or random variable in probability and statistics For A state is a political association with effective Sovereignty over a geographic Area and representing a Population. Today, the extent of a monarch's actual powers varies from monarchy to monarchy. In constitutional monarchies, wherein sovereignty rests formally with the crown but politically with 'the people' (usually the electorate, as represented by a parliament), the monarch now usually serves largely ceremonial functions, except in times of crisis. Sovereignty is the exclusive Right to control a Government, a country, a people or oneself Many monarchies are constituted by tradition or by codified law, so that the monarch has little real political power; in others the monarch holds some power but is limited from exercising it by popular opinion or precedent; in still others the monarch holds substantial power and may exercise it without limit. In Law, codification is the process of collecting and restating the law of a Jurisdiction in certain areas usually by subject forming a Legal code. Political power ( Imperium in Latin is a type of power held by a group in a Society which allows administration of some or all of However, the majority of monarchs today are bound by rule of law rather than rule of human will.

Monarchy is one of the oldest forms of government, with echoes in the leadership of tribal chiefs. A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally consists of a Social group existing before the development of or outside of States Many anthropologists use Many monarchs once claimed to rule by divine right, or at least by divine grace, ruling either by the will of the god(s) or even claiming to be (incarnated) gods themselves (see theocracy). The Divine Right of Kings is a general term that refers to the philosophy and ideas used to justify the authority and legitimacy of Monarchs in Medieval and Theocracy is a form of government in which a god or deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler Monarchs have also been selected by election (either in a broad popular assembly, as in Germanic tribal states; or by a small body, such as in the Holy Roman Empire, and as in Malaysia and the UAE today; or by dynastic succession; or by conquest; or a combination of any number of ways). An election is a Decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold formal office The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The right of conquest is the purported Right of a conqueror to territory taken by force of arms In some early systems the monarch was overthrown or sacrificed when it became apparent that divine sanction had been withdrawn. The Mandate of Heaven (天命 Pīnyīn: Tiānmìng is a traditional Chinese philosophical concept concerning the legitimacy of rulers

Since 1800, most of the world's monarchies have been abolished by dismemberment or annexation, or have been transformed into republics; most current countries that are monarchies are constitutional ones. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Among the few states that retain aspects of absolute monarchy are Brunei, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Swaziland and the Vatican City (the papal city-state, an electoral theocracy). Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything Brunei Darussalam, (bruːˈnaɪ in English officially the State of Brunei Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam Jawi: برني دارالسلام Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman ( Arabic: سلطنة عُمان) is an Arab Country in Southwest Asia on the southeast Qatar ( قطر; ˈqɑtˁɑr local pronunciation giṭar officially the State of Qatar (Arabic دولة قطر transliterated The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi The Kingdom of Swaziland is a country located in Southern Africa centred at approximately 26o49'S 31o38'E Vatican City, officially the State of the Vatican City (Stato della Città del Vaticano is a Landlocked sovereign City-state whose territory A papal conclave is a meeting of the College of Cardinals to elect the Pope (or Bishop of Rome) who is considered by Catholics to be the Successor Theocracy is a form of government in which a god or deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler In Jordan and Morocco, the monarch also retains considerable power. Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (الأردنّ al-Urdunn) is an Arab country in Southwest Asia spanning the southern Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa There are also recent (2003) developments in Liechtenstein, wherein the regnant prince was given the constitutional power to dismiss the government at will. The Principality of Liechtenstein (Fürstentum Liechtenstein) is a tiny doubly landlocked Alpine country in Western Europe, bordered by Switzerland Prince, from the Latin root Princeps, is a general term for a Monarch, for a member of a monarch's or former monarch's family and is a Nepal had several swings between constitutional rule and direct rule related to the Maoist rebel movement and killings by a suicidal crown prince. Nepal (नेपाल) is a Landlocked country in South Asia. Direct rule was the term given during the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the administration of Northern Ireland directly from Westminster, seat of Maoism, variably and officially known as Mao Zedong Thought ( is a variant of Marxism derived from the teachings of the late Chinese leader Crown Princess redirects here for the ship see Crown Princess (ship. In December 2007 the Nepalese government agreed to abolish the country's monarchy after the Constituent Assembly elections in 2008. An election for a Constituent Assembly was held in Nepal on 10 April 2008 after having been postponed from earlier dates of 20 June The monarchy was formally abolished on the 28 May, 2008.

Contents 1 Types of monarchy 2 Succession 3 Titles as political statements 4 Demise of monarchies 5 Unusual Monarchies 6 Monarchy and Oligarchy 7 Current subnational and trans-national traditional monarchies 8 See also 8.1 Specific monarchies 9 External links, References and Sources

Types of monarchy

In an absolute monarchy, the monarchy has absolute power over every aspect of the state, if not of social life in general, and has the power to grant or withdraw a constitution; a constitutional monarch is subject to the constitution like other citizens, though in some cases he has certain constitutional privileges such as inviolability. Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything A constitution is a system for government often Codified as a written document that establishes the rules and principles of an autonomous political entity In Religion and Ethics, inviolability or sanctity of life is a principle of implied protection regarding aspects of sentient life which are said to be holy

An elected monarchy was popular in various states of Northern Europe even up until the Middle Ages. An elective monarchy is a Monarchy ruled by someone generally from a Royal house, who is elected by a group When Charlemagne was a child, his father was elected King of the Franks. Charlemagne (ˈʃɑrlɨmeɪn Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) (747 – 28 January 814 was King of the Franks from 768 to his The Franks or Frankish people (Franci or gens Francorum) were West Germanic tribes first identified in the 3rd century as an Ethnic group Stanislaw of Poland was an elected king, as was Frederick I of Denmark. Stanisław II August Poniatowski (born Count Stanisław Antoni Poniatowski; January 17 1732 – February 12 1798 was the last King Frederick I of Denmark and Norway ( October 7 1471 &ndash April 10 1533) was the son of the first Oldenburg King Christian The tradition of an elected monarchy is very ancient and still exists today in the office of the Pope. History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and In Antiquity, there were various traditions of elected monarchs of various titles, usually rendered as king, especially in not fully sedentary societies such as the Germanic tribes (before they established a sedentary kingdom in territories of the former Roman empire). "Ancient" redirects here For other uses see Ancient_(disambiguation. Often there was a mix of conflicting principles and interests, the ruling house tending to reserve succession for itself, with the nobility rivaling it. Actual succession often depended on popular assent and/or the support of the armed forces, which could take their role of king-maker as far as deposing an incompetent or 'criminal' ruler- or even pure mutiny to seize the throne. The Hellenistic kings of Macedon and of Epirus were elected by the army (a body that was very close in composition to the ecclesia of democracies, the council of all free citizens; military service was often linked with citizenship) among the male member of the royal house. Macedon or Macedonia ( Greek grc Μακεδονία grc-Latn Makedonía) was the name of a kingdom centered in the northern-most Epirus (from Ionic Greek Ήπειρος - Ēpeiros, Doric Greek: Ἅπειρος - Apeiros, in Albanian Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is held completely by the people under a free electoral system A royal house or royal dynasty is a familial designation or Family name of sorts used by Royalty. In Macedon this tradition continued until the kingdom was dissolved by the Romans after the Third Macedonian War. The Third Macedonian War ( 171 BC - 168 BC) was a war fought between Rome and King Perseus of Macedon.

Most of today's hereditary monarchs serve as living national symbols of their nation-state. A hereditary monarchy is the most common style of Monarchy and is the form that is used by almost all of the world's existing monarchies A national symbol is a Symbol of any entity considering itself and manifesting itself to the world as a national community – namely sovereign states, but also For the online game see Jennifer Government NationStates. The nation-state is a certain form of State that derives its legitimacy Most constitutional monarchs retain reserve powers, and other constitutionally defined roles and responsibilities. In a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of Government, a reserve power is a power that may be exercised by the Head of state without the Many are also constitutional monarchs who can dissolve parliament and call for new elections (usually at the request of the prime minister). A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Though the latter may technically still propose legislation, the conventions of constitutional monarchy disallow them from doing so, as well as from wielding power in the unlimited manner of ancient monarchies, unless in the face of a constitutional, governmental, or some other crisis.

In some ancient hereditary monarchies, power often resided with the military, as often has been the case in Thailand and Japan (where its eventually hereditary military chief, the Shogun, developed into a de facto monarch, nominally under the Emperor), with an (at least) nominally 'prime ministerial' office (separate Head of government), which may tend to become hereditary itself, in the Hindu kingdom of Nepal even formally styled a hereditary Maharajah. A military is an Organization authorized by its Nation to use force usually including use of Weapons in defending its Country (or by attacking The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. is a military rank and historical title in Japan. The Japanese word for "general" it is made up of two Kanji words sho, meaning "commander" This article focuses on the cases where the Head of Government is a separate office from the Head of State Nepal (नेपाल) is a Landlocked country in South Asia. The word Mahārāja (also spelled maharajah) is Sanskrit for "great king" or " High king " (a Karmadharaya from mahānt In Fascist Italy a monarchy coexisted with a fascist party for longer than such co-existences occurred in Romania or Greece. Fascism is a totalitarian nationalist and corporatist ideology Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Spain under Francisco Franco (his "Spanish State") was officially a monarchy, even though there was no monarch on the throne; upon his death, Franco was succeeded as Head of state by the Bourbon heir to the throne, King Juan Carlos I. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco y Bahamonde (born December 4, 1892 in Ferrol, died November 20, 1975 in Madrid The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Early life Juan Carlos was born in Rome, where his grandfather Alfonso XIII of Spain lived in exile after the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic

There have also been situations in which a dictator proclaimed himself monarch of a previous republic, thus starting a self-proclaimed monarchy with no historical ties to a previous dynasty. A dictator is an Authoritarian ruler (eg Absolutist or autocratic) who assumes sole and absolute power without hereditary ascension such as an Absolute A self-proclaimed monarchy is a Monarchy that is proclaimed into existence often by an individual rather than occurring as part of a longstanding tradition The most famous example of this was general Napoleon I Bonaparte, who crowned himself first Emperor of the French after legally assuming political control of the French Republic (which in his lifetime has succeeded to the absolutist kingdom) as First Consul for life; a blatant operetta-imitation of his empire was that of dictator Bokassa I in the very poor Central African Empire. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. First Consul (Premier Consul was a title used by Napoleon Bonaparte following his seizure of power in France. Jean-Bédel Bokassa (ʒɑ̃ bedɛl bɔkasa 22 February 1921 &ndash 3 November 1996) also known as Bokassa I of Central Africa The Central African Empire (Empire Centrafricain was the name of the short-lived self-declared autocratic Monarchy that replaced the Central African Republic Also, Yuan Shikai crowned himself Emperor of the short-lived "Empire of China", a few years after the Republic of China was founded. Yuan Shikai ( Courtesy Weiting 慰亭 Pseudonym: Rong'an 容庵 ( September 16, 1859 &ndash June 6, The Empire of China ( was a short-lived attempt by statesman and general Yuan Shikai from late 1915 to early 1916 to reinstate monarchy in China. REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES

On several occasions throughout history, the same person has served as monarch of separate independent states, in a situation known as a personal union. A personal union is the combination by which two different States are governed by the same Monarch, while their boundaries their laws and their interests remain distinct An empire was traditionally ruled by a monarchy whose leader may have been known by different, traditional or self-assumed titles in his different realms. An empire (from the Latin " Imperium " denoting military Command within the ancient Roman government) is a State that Several former colonies of the British Empire, such as Australia, Canada, Jamaica, New Zealand etc. See Colony and Colonization for examples of colonialism which do not refer to Western colonialism The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Jamaica (ˈdʒəˈmeɪkə} is an Island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island , are now independent realms, which, along with the United Kingdom, continue to recognize one person as their respective sovereign head of state, with a distinctive title in each nation (King/Queen of Canada, Jamaica and so forth); these countries, including the UK, are known as Commonwealth Realms. A realm (rɛlm is the dominion of a monarch king queen emperor empress or other sovereign ruler A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch In other cases, such as England and Scotland, a personal union was the precursor to a merger of the states. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Often a personal union between nation states ends in complete separation, e. g. Norway, first in union with Denmark and later with Sweden, then finally opting for its own monarchy again. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Denmark–Norway ( Danish: Danmark-Norge Norwegian: Danmark-Norge or Danmark-Noreg is the historiographical name for a former political entity union "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Similar to that after 816 years of personal union with Hungary, Croatia had in 1918 opted for separation and entry into the kingdom of Yugoslavia. The historical term Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen used to denote a group of countries connected to the Kingdom of Hungary and Kingdom of Croatia Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croato-Slovene ie Serbo-Croatian, Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene: Kraljevina Jugoslavija

Some republics can be called 'virtual monarchies' as they appear to have introduced de facto inheritance for the Head of state, usually establishing a 'dynasty' by making his son (informally) designated heir, without constitutionally declaring themselves monarchies. These nations may be republics in theory, but dynastic monarchies in practice. The 'Roman Empire' in Latin existed only in the territorial sense, legally it was always a republic, theoretically the Principate was not hereditary monarchy, and even the Byzantine Empire had republican features. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial The Principate is the first period of the Roman Empire, extending from the beginning of the reign of Caesar Augustus to the Crisis of the Third Century, In the twentieth century, de facto monarchies existed in Nicaragua and Haiti. Nicaragua (ˌnɪkəˈrɑgwə officially the Republic of Nicaragua () is a representative democratic republic and the largest nation in Central America Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: Today, formal constitutional republics like North Korea (communist single-party state) and Syria have been called de facto monarchies; however, one father-son succession without a constitutional mechanism is more an appearance than an actual de facto monarchy, the next succession may just as well be determined otherwise by the real king makers (a dead dictator ceases to dictate) and democratic republics too have produced de facto successions -albeit often not along strict lines such as primogeniture- and even three or more generation 'dynasties' (as India's Gandhi family), except that these only rule when their party is in power. North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK) a State located in East Asia, Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી moɦən̪d̪äs kəɾəmʧən̪d̪ gän̪d̪ʱi (2 October 1869 – 30 January See also family dictatorship. A family dictatorship, in political science terms a personalistic regime, is a form of Dictatorship that operates much like an Absolute monarchy, yet occurs

Although in theory a monarch is the sovereign ruler of a state, historical developments often produced more complicated realities: when a state loses its true sovereignty, while internally retaining its monarchic constitution, its monarchy will often become similarly dependent on the greater power, e. g. as a feudal vassal under a suzerain, or in the colonial era become redefined as an actor in indirect rule, under a paramount power (such as each princely state in the British raj). A vassal (also called feodary or fedary) in the terminology that both preceded and accompanied the feudalism of Medieval Europe, Indirect rule is a type of European colonial Policy in which the traditional local power structure or at least part of it is incorporated into the colonial administrative structure The term Paramount Ruler, or sometimes Paramount King, is a generic description though occasionally also used as an actual title for a number of rulers' position in relative For other uses see Principality, Other princely states A Princely State (also called Native State or Indian State) was a For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British Successions in such dependent states were often subject to the assent of the dominant power, which then often reserved the right to dethrone (and replace) a 'disloyal' incumbent. .

Succession

The rules for selection of monarchs varies from country to country. In constitutional monarchies the rule of succession is generally embodied in a law passed by a representative body, such as a parliament. TalkParliament#Screen-size. -->A  parliament is a Legislature, especially in those

Elective monarchies, distinguished by the monarchs being appointed for life, have in most cases been succeeded by hereditary monarchies, but both secular sovereign nation cases at present - those of Malaysia and the United Arab Emirates - are 20th-century creations. An elective monarchy is a Monarchy ruled by someone generally from a Royal house, who is elected by a group For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and In the hereditary system, the position of monarch involves inheritance according to an order of succession, usually within one royal family tracing its origin back to a historical dynasty or bloodline. An order of succession is a formula or algorithm that determines who inherits an office upon the death resignation or removal of its current occupant A royal family is the extended family of a monarch. Generally the head of a royal family is a king or queen regnant A dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations In some cases the ruling family may claim to hold authority by virtue of the associated god's choosing, as reflected in the style-phrase "by the Grace of God," or other religion-based authority. By the Grace of God, as well as the various equivalent phrases in other languages thus rendered in English, is not a title in its own right but a common introductory part

The order of succession in most European monarchical states of the 21st century is by primogeniture, meaning that either the eldest child of the monarch or the eldest son of the monarch is first in line. An order of succession is a formula or algorithm that determines who inherits an office upon the death resignation or removal of its current occupant Primogeniture is the Common law right of the Firstborn son to inherit the entire estate, to the exclusion of younger siblings Currently, there is some controversy over the succession laws of some monarchies such as that of the United Kingdom (UK), Canadian, or the Scandinavian monarchies, which require their monarch to be of a certain faith (in the Commonwealth Realms under the Act of Settlement 1701). The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Terminology and usage As a cultural term "Scandinavia" has no official definition and is subject to usage by those who identify with the culture in question as well The Act of Settlement is an act of the Parliament of England, originally filed in 1700 and passed in 1701 to settle the succession to the English throne This has been challenged as violating European Union rules that prohibit religious disqualification for positions of state authority, as well as a violation of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in A religion is a set of Tenets and practices often centered upon specific Supernatural and moral claims about Reality, the Cosmos The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (also known as The Charter of Rights and Freedoms or simply the Charter) is a Bill of rights entrenched in the , successions in dependent states could be subject to the assent of the (colonial or other) dominant power, which then often reserved the right to dethrone (and replace) a 'disloyal' incumbent.

Titles as political statements

Official styles and titles of monarchs often reflect the ambitions and ideals of the governments they head or represent and actual historical ties or claims to territories no longer under their administration or even extinguished as political units.

Some titles are specifically designed to express a relative rank, usually higher if self-assumed, as in the case of King of Kings and various equivalents, or Tipu Sultan who assumed the rank Padshah Bahadur when declaring his new Muslim empire Khudadad independent from the Mughal Padshah, it has no other meaning then 'in rank above Padhsah'. King of Kings is a lofty title that has been used by several monarchies (usually empires in the informal sense of great powers throughout history and in many cases the literal title Padishah, Padshah, Padeshah, Badishah or Badshah ( Persian پادشاه Pādeshāh) is a very prestigious Some monarchic titles suggest a unique exalted rank, even universal supremacy, such as the Caliph, and yet there may be parallel dynasties, e. The Caliph is the Head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Shari'ah g. a branch of the Umayyad in Cordoba while the Oriental caliphate had been take over by the Abassids (in Baghdad). Other titles are perceived as carrying a protocolary rank, so granting (often as a reward for a loyal vassal) or assuming (as an assertion) a higher title can mean a 'promotion' regardless of political reality.

Additional elements in the full style may refer to the legitimation of the throne, either directly as by a phrase like "by the Grace of God," or indirectly by referring to a legitimating function, such as protecting the official religion, e. By the Grace of God, as well as the various equivalent phrases in other languages thus rendered in English, is not a title in its own right but a common introductory part g. for a Muslim ruler by the style Commander of the faithful. Amir al-Mu'minin ( Arabic أمير المؤمنين Latinized as Miramolinus hence Italian Miramolino usually translated Commander of the Faithful The Protestant Successors to Henry VIII of England have all retained the "Defender of the Faith" originally granted by the Pope to Henry VIII before the 'annulment crisis' led to the Anglican Schism. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of "Defender of the Faith" redirects here For the 1984 platinum album of British heavy metal group Judas Priest, see Defenders of the Faith Pope Leo X, born Giovanni de' Medici (December 11 1475 – December 1 1521 was Pope from 1513 to his death The English Reformation was the series of events in 16th century England by which the Church of England first broke away from the authority of the Pope

Thus Queen Elizabeth II is "by the Grace of God, Queen" in fifteen of her sixteen realms, only Papua New Guinea omitting this phrase from her title there. For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II Papua New Guinea (or ˈpæpjuːə in Tok Pisin: Papua Niugini) officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is a country in Oceania During Spain's transition to a constitutional monarchy under Isabella II, her Style was changed from the 'Long Form' which included "by the Grace of God" and some 20 states to "By divine grace and the constitution, queen of the Spains". "Isabella II" redirects here For the Queen of Jerusalem also known as Isabella II see Yolande of Jerusalem.

The kings and queens of England and Great Britain retained the title King of France until the union with Ireland to form the United Kingdom in 1801, during the reign of King George III. George III (George William Frederick 4 June 1738 George III's long reign was marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdom much of the rest of Europe and places The kings and queens of Spain retained a long list of kingdoms, that didn't include Spain until Isabella II in 1837. The Council of Ministers authorized in 1987 Juan Carlos I, King of Spain, to also use "historical titles," presumably including the crusader relict King of Jerusalem, which passed through several dynasties, none of which actually had any authority in the obliterated former realm. Early life Juan Carlos was born in Rome, where his grandfather Alfonso XIII of Spain lived in exile after the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic is a list of Kings of Jerusalem, from 1099 to 1291 as well as claimants to the title up to the present day

Demise of monarchies

Monarchies can come to an end in several ways. There may be a revolution in which the monarchy is overthrown; or, as in Italy or Greece, the electorate decides to form a republic by constitutional referendum. A revolution (from the Latin revolutio, "a turnaround" is a fundamental change in power or organizational structures that takes place in a relatively Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία A referendum (plural referendums or referenda) ballot question, or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita In some cases, as with England and Spain, the monarchy has been overthrown and later restored. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. After the abdication of Napoleon I, which ended the First Empire, the French restored the royal Bourbon dynasty which had been abolished by the republic within which Napoleon had established the Empire. The Empire of the French (1804-1814 also known as the Empire of France, Greater French Empire, First French Empire, French Empire, or At the same time, his emperorship was "revived" outside France, as a "golden cage" principality was created for him on the island of Elba, so in a sense the empire was succeeded by a kingdom and an emperor without an empire. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Elba (Ilva is an island in Tuscany, Italy, from the coastal town of Piombino.

Dependent monarchies have been abolished by their dominant power, often for the purposes of being fully annexed, split or merged with another. In Uganda, for example, local tribal monarchies were abolished when the country became a unitary state. The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa. A unitary state is a State whose three Organs of state are governed Constitutionally as one single unit with one Constitutionally created The Kingdom of Hawaii, which was economically dominated by the USA and Europe during the late 19th century, was overthrown by a group of American and European businessmen in 1893, leading directly to American annexation in 1898; Hawaii would have been annexed at the time of the coup however the president at the time, Gover Cleveland, had prevented it as he was a friend of Queen Lili'uokalani. Until the 1890s the Kingdom of Hawai{{okina}}i was an independent sovereign state recognized by the United States the United Kingdom France Japan and Germany Liliuokalani ( September 2, 1838 – November 11, 1917) born Lydia Liliu Loloku Walania Wewehi Kamakaeha, was the last

One recent monarchy to be abolished was the former Commonwealth Realm monarchy of Mauritius in 1992. A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch Mauritius (pronounced məˈrɪʃəs L’île Maurice /il mɔ'ʁis/ Mauritian Creole: Maurice) officially the Republic of Mauritius, République In 1999 Australians voted to keep their status as a constitutional monarchy under Queen Elizabeth II. The most recent monarchy to be abolished was that of Nepal. In December 2007 the Nepalese government agreed to abolish the country's monarchy after the Constituent Assembly elections in 2008. Nepal officially became a federal democratic republic on May 28, 2008. Nepal (नेपाल) is a Landlocked country in South Asia.

Countries may regard themselves as monarchies even without an actual monarch on the vacant throne, as Spain did from 1947 to 1975, and Hungary from 1920 to 1946. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic

A person who can be taken into consideration as future monarch in case of restoration of monarchy (or who even claims to be the legitimate heir to the throne of a deposed or in the royalist view suspended monarchy) is called a pretender, but that term also applies to a rival claimant of a filled throne, such as the several Russians who claimed to be a Tsar simultaneously. A pretender is a claimant to an abolished throne or to a throne already occupied by somebody else Tsar csar and tzar redirect here For other uses see Tsar (disambiguation.

See also abolished monarchy for a list of recently-abolished monarchies and the Republican Monarchist Debate. Throughout history monarchies have been abolished either through legislative reforms coups d'etat, or wars Republicanism, in the United Kingdom, is the movement which seeks to remove the British monarchy and replace it with a Republic that has a non-

Unusual Monarchies

Sometimes, component members of federal states are monarchies, even though the federal state as a whole is not; for example each of the emirates that form the United Arab Emirates has its own monarch (an emir). Emir ( Arabic: ar أمير;, female أميرة; emira;) ( Farsi and Urdu: امیر) Another unique situation is Malaysia, in which the federal king, called the Yang di-Pertuan Agong or Paramount Ruler, is elected for a five year term from and by the hereditary rulers (mostly sultans) of nine of the federation's constitutive States, all on the Malay peninsula. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the highest ranking office created by the constitution of the federation of Malaysia Sultan (سلطان is an Islamic title with several historical meanings Malaysia is a Federation which consists of thirteen '''states''' ( Negeri) and three '''federal territories''' ( Wilayah Persekutuan The Malay Peninsula or Thai-Malay Peninsula (Semenanjung Tanah Melayu (คาบสมุทรมลายู is a major Peninsula located in Southeast

In addition to his ecclesiastical role as Supreme Pontiff of all Christians worldwide in communion with the Bishop of Rome, the Pope is ex officio the absolute monarch of Vatican City, the last truly sovereign Prince of the Church. History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and Vatican City, officially the State of the Vatican City (Stato della Città del Vaticano is a Landlocked sovereign City-state whose territory The term Prince of the Church is nowadays used nearly exclusively for Catholic Cardinals However the term is historically more important as a generic term for clergymen He is elected by (and customarily from among) the College of Cardinals. The College of Cardinals (verbose Sacred College of the Holy Roman Church, Sancta Romana Ecclesia, S (Since the Catholic episcopate is celibate, naturally there can be no official hereditary succession to the papal throne. ) Notwithstanding this, the papacy has at times been under the control of powerful Italian families. Several popes have been succeeded by near relatives (officially described as Nepotes, literally 'nephews').

Andorra is the world's only co-principality: it had two co-princes: the Bishop of Urgell in Spain (thus a Prince-Bishop), and the President of France—a unique case where an independent country's Monarch is democratically elected by the citizens of another country, which is not even in full personal union. Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra ( Catalan: Principat d'Andorra) is a small Landlocked country in western Urgell (Spanish Urgel) is one of the historical Catalan counties, bordering on the counties of Pallars and Cerdanya. A Prince-Bishop is a Bishop who is a territorial Prince of the Church on account of one or more Secular principalities usually pre-existent titles of nobility The President of the French Republic (Président de la République française colloquially referred to in English as the President of France, is France 's elected A personal union is the combination by which two different States are governed by the same Monarch, while their boundaries their laws and their interests remain distinct

Since 1947, the Emperors of Japan have reigned as neither sovereign, nor the de jure head of state. The of Japan is the country's Monarch. He is the head of the Japanese Imperial Family. A Gold Sovereign is a Gold coin first issued in 1489 for Henry VII of England and still in production as of 2008 Head of state is the generic term for the individual or collective office that serves as the chief public representative of a Monarchic or Republican Nation-state Emperor Hirohito having ceded sovereignty to the people shortly after World War II, the Japanese monarchy is bound by supreme law as opposed to constitutional convention under the provisos of the Constitution of Japan. also known as, (April 29 1901 – January 7 1989 was the 124th Emperor of Japan according to the traditional order reigning from December 25 1926 until his death A constitution is a system for government often Codified as a written document that establishes the rules and principles of an autonomous political entity Alternative meaning Constitutional convention (political meeting A constitutional convention is an informal and uncodified procedural agreement that is The has been the founding legal document of Japan since 1947 The constitution provides for a Parliamentary system of government and guarantees certain fundamental rights

Samoa was often disputably described as a monarchy. Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa, is a country governing the western part of the Samoan Islands Archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean The Constitution designated the o le Ao o le Malo, rendered as Head of State for life with a royal style, but the last incumbent, Malietoa Tanumafili II, a past member of one of the three princely families, died and has been succeeded by an elected leader for a five year term. O le Ao o le Malo is the Samoan Head of state, which is the title's rough translation King Malietoa Tanumafili II, GCMG, CBE, ( January 4, 1913 &ndash May 11, 2007) (also called Susuga) was It has since been stated as a constitutional presidency.

Monarchy and Oligarchy

Currently 44 nations in the world have monarchs as heads of state, 16 of which are Commonwealth Realms that formally recognize Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state and Prince Charles as heir. A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II

State	Title	Extent	Currently	Notes
Andorra	Co-Princes	Constitutional Monarchy	Nicolas Sarkozy and Joan Enric Vives Sicília	Political structure in place since 1278. A state is a political association with effective Sovereignty over a geographic Area and representing a Population. Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra ( Catalan: Principat d'Andorra) is a small Landlocked country in western This is a list of Co-Princes of Andorra. The Principality of Andorra, in the Pyrenees Mountains on the French – Spanish border A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Nicolas Sarkozy (pronounced, Joan Enric Vives i Sicília (born July 24, 1949 in Barcelona, Spain) is the current Bishop of Urgell, a Roman Catholic
Antigua and Barbuda	King/Queen of Antigua and Barbuda	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. Antigua and Barbuda ( Spanish for "Ancient" and "Bearded" is an Island nation located on the eastern boundary of the Caribbean Sea A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Dame Louise Lake-Tack
Australia	King/Queen of Australia	Federal Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Louise Agnetha Lake-Tack GCMG (born July 26, 1944) is the current Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. A federal monarchy is a federation of states with a single monarch as over-all head of the federation but retaining different monarchs or a non-monarchical system of government in the For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Michael Jeffery, and six Governors
Bahamas	King/Queen of the Bahamas	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Major General Philip Michael Jeffery AC, CVO, MC (born 12 December[[ 937]] was the 24th Governor-General of Australia The Governors of the Australian states are the representatives in the six states of Australia of Australia's monarch Queen Elizabeth II. The Bahamas, officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an independent sovereign English -speaking country consisting of two thousand Cays and A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Arthur Dion Hannat
Bahrain	King, styled Malik	Semi-Constitutional Monarchy	Hamad ibn Isa al-Khalifah	Known as "emir" until 2002. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Arthur Dion "AD" Hanna (born March 7, 1928) is the current Governor-General of the Bahamas The Kingdom of Bahrain (in مملكة البحرين,, literally Kingdom of the Two Seas) is an Island country in the Persian Gulf The position of King of Bahrain was created in February 2002 when the then Emir of Bahrain Hamad ibn Isa al-Khalifah gave himself Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, KCMG (حمد بن عيسى آل خليفة (born December 28, 1949 in Riffa, Bahrain) Emir ( Arabic: ar أمير;, female أميرة; emira;) ( Farsi and Urdu: امیر)
Barbados	King/Queen of Barbados	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. Barbados ( Portuguese word for bearded-ones, bɑrˈbeɪdoʊz -dɒs situated just east of the Caribbean Sea, is an independent Island nation A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Sir Clifford Husbands
Belgium	King/Queen of the Belgians	Constitutional Monarchy	Albert II	Ruled by the king of the Netherlands until 1830. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Sir Clifford Straughn Husbands, GCMG, KA, CHB, GCM, QC (born The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Monarchy in Belgium is Constitutional and popular in nature The hereditary Monarch A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Life Prince Albert was sent to the Swiss private school Institut Le Rosey for his pre-university education The Netherlands has been an independent Monarchy since 16 March 1815, and has been governed by members of the House of Orange-Nassau At the 1830 independence the constitution was a model of how to limit royal power.
Belize	King/Queen of Belize	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. Belize (bəˈliːz formerly British Honduras, is a country in Central America. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Sir Colville Young
Bhutan	Druk Gyalpo 'Dragon King'	Constitutional Monarchy	Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuck	Buddhist constitutional monarchy. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Sir Colville Norbert Young, GCMG, MBE (born 20 November 1932) is the Governor General of Belize, and also patron of the The Kingdom of Bhutan (buːˈtɑːn is a Landlocked nation in South Asia. Bhutan was founded and unified as a country by Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal in the mid-1600s A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices [1]
Brunei	Sultan	Absolute sultanate	Hassanal Bolkiah
Cambodia	King; individual throne styles, but most Kings include the titles of Brhat Pada, Samdach Brhat, Varman, Rajadhiraja, Parama, and Adipati	Constitutional Monarchy	Norodom Sihamoni	Reinstituted in 1993. Brunei Darussalam, (bruːˈnaɪ in English officially the State of Brunei Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam Jawi: برني دارالسلام The Sultan of Brunei is the Head of state of Brunei. The royal lineage can be traced back to the 15th century Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything Sultan (سلطان is an Islamic title with several historical meanings Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah, the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam GCB GCMG (born July 15, 1946 The Kingdom of Cambodia ( formerly known as Kampuchea (, transliterated: Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchea) is a country in South East The current title of the Head of State of Cambodia is King.This is a complete list of all Heads of States of Cambodia, both Presidents, A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Norodom Sihamoni (នរោត្តម សីហមុនី born 14 May 1953 is the King of Cambodia.
Canada	King/Queen of Canada	Federal Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page A federal monarchy is a federation of states with a single monarch as over-all head of the federation but retaining different monarchs or a non-monarchical system of government in the For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor General, currently Michaëlle Jean, and by ten Lieutenant Governors, one in each province. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Michaëlle Jean, CC CMM COM CD ʒɑ̃ (born September 6, 1957, in Port-au-Prince, A Lieutenant Governor is a high officer of state whose precise role and rank vary by jurisdiction
Denmark	King/Queen	Constitutional Monarchy	Margrethe II of Denmark	Also queen of Greenland and the Faroe Islands. The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe This is a list of Danish Monarchs, that is the Kings and Queens regnant of Denmark. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Early life Princess Margrethe was born, to Crown Prince Frederik and Crown Princess Ingrid. Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat meaning "Land of the Greenlanders" Grønland is a self-governing Danish Province located between the The Faroe Islands or Faeroe Islands or simply Faroe(s or Faeroes (Føroyar meaning " Sheep Islands" Færøerne Old Norse Act of Succession revised in 1953 to allow for female monarchs.
Grenada	King/Queen of Grenada	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. Grenada (grɪˈneɪdə is an Island nation that includes the southern Grenadines in the southeastern Caribbean Sea. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Sir Daniel Williams
Jamaica	King/Queen of Jamaica	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Sir Daniel Charles Williams, GCMG (born 1935 is the current Governor-General of Grenada. Jamaica (ˈdʒəˈmeɪkə} is an Island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Kenneth Hall
Japan	Emperor	Constitutional Monarchy/Empire	Akihito	World's only remaining emperor. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Sir Kenneth Octavius Hall, ON, GCMG, OJ (Born in Lucea, Jamaica, 24 April, 1941) is the current Governor-General For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The of Japan is the country's Monarch. He is the head of the Japanese Imperial Family. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is An empire (from the Latin " Imperium " denoting military Command within the ancient Roman government) is a State that is the current of Japan, and the 125th Emperor according to Japan's traditional order of succession. An emperor (from the Latin " Imperator " is a (male Monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an Empire or another type of
Jordan	Hashemite King, styled Malik	Semi-constitutional Hashemite monarchy	Abdullah II	Monarchy established by United Kingdom in 1921. Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (الأردنّ al-Urdunn) is an Arab country in Southwest Asia spanning the southern The Jordanian monarchy was set up in 1921 with help from the British. Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Hashemite is the Latinate version of the Arabic: هاشمي ( Transliteration: Hāšimī and traditionally refers to those belonging to the Banu Hashim Abdullah II bin al-Hussein King of Jordan ( الملك عبد الله الثاني بن الحسين al-Malik ʿAbdullāh aṯ-ṯānī bin al-Ḥusayn born 30 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
Kuwait	Emir, styled Amir ad-Dawlat al-Kuwayt "Emir of the State of Kuwait"	Semi-constitutional emirate	Sabah Al-Sabah	Was Hakim al-Kuwayt "Ruler of Kuwait" until 1961; still prefixed "sheikh", as every member of a Gulf dynasty). The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed This is an (incomplete list of Emirs of Kuwait: The Sabah dynasty came to power in 1752 before which date the Bani Khalid tribe ruled the region Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is An emirate is a political territory that is ruled by a dynastic Arab Monarch styled Emir. Sheikh Sabah IV Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah ( Arabic: صباح الأحمد الجابر الصباح Sabāh al-Ahmad al-Jābir as-Sabāh born June 6, Sheikh, also rendered as Sheik, Cheikh, Shaikh, and other variants ( Arabic:, shaykh
Lesotho	King	Constitutional Monarchy	Letsie III	Known as Paramount Chief until 1965. Lesotho (lɪˈsuːtuː) officially the Kingdom of Lesotho, is a Landlocked country and Enclave — entirely surrounded by the Republic of South Paramount Chiefs of Lesotho (Basutoland 1822-1965 Moshoeshoe I: 1822- 18 January 1870 Letsie I Moshoeshoe A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Letsie III (original name David Mohato Bereng Seeiso (born July 17, 1963) is the king of Lesotho. A paramount chief is the highest-level traditional (usually tribal chief or political leader in a regional or local polity or Country typically administered politically Regarded as a symbol of national unity, the King does not exercise any executive or legislative powers.
Liechtenstein	Prince	Semi-constitutional principality	Hans-Adam II	Some powers delegated to Prince Alois. The Principality of Liechtenstein (Fürstentum Liechtenstein) is a tiny doubly landlocked Alpine country in Western Europe, bordered by Switzerland The Liechtenstein dynasty, or Princely Family of Liechtenstein, after which the sovereign principality between Switzerland and Austria was named in Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is A principality (or princedom) is a monarchical feudatory or Sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a monarch with the title of Prince Hans-Adam II (Johannes Adam Ferdinand Alois Josef Maria Marko d'Aviano Pius von und zu Liechtenstein styled HSH The Sovereign Prince of Liechtenstein; born 14 February Alois Philipp Maria Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein
Luxembourg	Grand Duke/Duchess	Constitutional grand duchy	Henri	Only remaining Grand Duchy. Luxembourg (Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg Grand-Duché de Luxembourg Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small Landlocked country in Western Europe, bordered by The Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg ( House of Nassau-Weilburg, agnatically a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon) consists of the extended A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is A grand duchy is a territory whose Head of state is a Grand Duke or Grand Duchess. Childhood and education Grand Duke Henri has four siblings Archduchess Marie Astrid of Austria (b Ruled by the king of the Netherlands until 1890. The Netherlands has been an independent Monarchy since 16 March 1815, and has been governed by members of the House of Orange-Nassau
Malaysia	Yang di-Pertuan Agong or "Paramount Ruler"	Constitutional federation	Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin	Position electoral amongst -de facto tends to rotate between- the nine hereditary rulers of the peninsular Malay states, only for 5 years. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the highest ranking office created by the constitution of the federation of Malaysia A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is A federation ( Latin: foedus, covenant is a union comprising a number of partially self-governing states or regions united by a central ("federal" Within Malaysia, the Malay states are the nine states of Peninsular Malaysia that have hereditary Rulers.
Monaco	Sovereign Prince/Princess	Semi-constitutional principality	Albert II	Last sovereign monarchy under (French, amical) protection
Morocco	King, styled Malik	Semi-Constitutional Monarchy	Mohammed VI
Netherlands	King/Queen	Constitutional Monarchy	Beatrix	Also queen of both overseas autonomous areas: Aruba and Netherlands Antilles. For other uses see Monaco (disambiguation Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco ( French: Principauté de Monaco; Monégasque The Reigning Prince or Princess of Monaco is the sovereign Monarch and Head of state of the Principality of Monaco. Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is A principality (or princedom) is a monarchical feudatory or Sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a monarch with the title of Prince Early life Born in the Prince's Palace of Monaco, Albert attended the Albert I High School graduating with distinction in 1976 Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa This is a partial list of rulers in Morocco, including the historical precursors to the modern state Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is King Mohammed VI (محمد السادس born in 1963 is the King of Morocco. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands The Netherlands has been an independent Monarchy since 16 March 1815, and has been governed by members of the House of Orange-Nassau A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Aruba is a -long island of the Lesser Antilles in the southern Caribbean Sea, north of the Paraguaná Peninsula, Falcón State, Venezuela The Netherlands Antilles ( Dutch:) previously known as the Netherlands West Indies or Dutch Antilles/West Indies, is part of the Lesser Antilles
New Zealand annex Cook Islands and Niue	King/Queen of New Zealand	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The Cook Islands ( Cook Islands Māori: Kūki 'Āirani) are a self-governing parliamentary democracy in free association with New Zealand. Niue (niːˈʔuːeɪ/ /ˈnjuːeɪ in English is an Island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by Governor-General Anand Satyanand
Norway	King/Queen	Constitutional Monarchy	Harald V	Act of Succession revised in 1990 to allow for female monarchs (full cognatic primogeniture). The Governor-General of New Zealand (Te Kawana Tianara o Aotearoa is the representative of the Sovereign in right of New Zealand (currently Queen Anand "Satch" Satyanand, PCNZM, QSO (born 22 July 1944) is the Governor-General of New Zealand. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Members of Norwegian, Swedish, and Danish royal families have been Norwegian monarchs. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Childhood and education When Prince Harald was born in Skaugum he was the first heir to the throne of Norway to be born in Norway for several hundred years
Oman	Sultan	Absolute sultanate	Qaboos
Papua New Guinea	King/Queen of Papua New Guinea	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman ( Arabic: سلطنة عُمان) is an Arab Country in Southwest Asia on the southeast List of Sultans of Oman (1406-Present Nabhan Dynasty (1406-1624 Ya'ariba Dynasty (first reign 1624-1724 Banu Ghafir Dynasty (1724-1728 Ya'ariba Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything Sultan (سلطان is an Islamic title with several historical meanings Papua New Guinea (or ˈpæpjuːə in Tok Pisin: Papua Niugini) officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is a country in Oceania A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Sir Paulias Matane
Qatar	Emir	Absolute emirate	Hamad bin Khalifa	Formerly Hakim Qatar "Ruler of Qatar", from 3-9-1971: Amir Dawlat Qatar "Emir of the State of Qatar"
Saint Kitts and Nevis	King/Queen of Sain Kitts and Nevis	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Grand Chief Sir Paulias Nguna Matane GCL, GCMG, OBE, KStJ (born 1931 formerly a career civil servant became Governor-General of Qatar ( قطر; ˈqɑtˁɑr local pronunciation giṭar officially the State of Qatar (Arabic دولة قطر transliterated This is a list of Emirs of Qatar. The emirs of Qatar are members of the Al-Thani dynasty and the state of Qatar was founded in 1868 by Muhammad Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything An emirate is a political territory that is ruled by a dynastic Arab Monarch styled Emir. Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani (الشيخ حمد بن خليفة آلثاني became the Emir of the State of Qatar on June 26 1995 after deposing The Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis (also known as the Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis) located in the Leeward Islands, is a federal two-island A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Sir Cuthbert Sebastian
Saint Lucia	King/Queen of Saint Lucia	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Sir Cuthbert Montraville Sebastian, GCMG, OBE, MDCM (born 22 October 1921 is the Governor-General of St Saint Lucia (ˌseɪnt ˈluːʃɪə is an Island nation in the eastern Caribbean Sea on the boundary with the Atlantic Ocean. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Dame Pearlette Louisy
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	King/Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Dame Calliopa Pearlette Louisy GCMG (born 8 June 1946 is the Governor-General of Saint Lucia. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is an island nation in the Lesser Antilles chain of the Caribbean Sea. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Sir Frederick Ballantyne
Saudi Arabia	King styled Malik but also The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques (خادم الحرمين الشريفين), i. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Sir Frederick Nathaniel Ballantyne, GCMG (born 5 July 1936 is the Governor-General of St The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi The King of Saudi Arabia is Saudi Arabia 's Head of state and Absolute monarch. Malik (ملك) as an Arabic word meaning " king " It has been adopted in various other mainly Asian languages for their ruling princes and to Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques ( Arabic: خادم الحرمين الشريفين Ḫādim al-Ḥaramain al-Sharīfain) a historical term was a pious title taken e. Protector of the Holy Cities	Absolute Monarchy	Abdullah	Saudi Arabia was unified in 1932. Protector, sometimes spelled protecter, is used as a title or part of various historical titles of heads of state and others in authority Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything Khaled bin Abdullah Mutaib bin Abdullah Abdul Aziz bin Abdullah Faisal bin Abdullah The rise of Islam in the 620s AD, the subsequent religious importance of the Arabian cities of Makkah ( Makkah al-Mukarramah, or Mecca) and
Solomon Islands	King/Queen of the Solomon Islands	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. The Solomon Islands is a country in Melanesia, east of Papua New Guinea, consisting of nearly one thousand islands A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Sir Nathaniel Waena
Spain	King/Queen	Constitutional Monarchy	Juan Carlos I	Monarchy was restored in 1975; and holds the title King of Jerusalem. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Sir Nathaniel Rahumaea Waena GCMG, CSI, KStJ has been the Governor-General of the Solomon Islands since July 7 2004. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. This is a list of Spanish Monarchs &mdashthat is rulers of the country of Spain in the modern sense of the word A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Early life Juan Carlos was born in Rome, where his grandfather Alfonso XIII of Spain lived in exile after the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic is a list of Kings of Jerusalem, from 1099 to 1291 as well as claimants to the title up to the present day
Swaziland	King (also Indovuzaki -lit. The Kingdom of Swaziland is a country located in Southern Africa centred at approximately 26o49'S 31o38'E This page contains a list of Paramount chiefs and kings ( Ngwenyamas) of Swaziland. Ndlovukati (pl Tindlovukati) is a Swati title ( Indlovukazi in Zulu)that roughly means Queen Mother or Senior Queen and is given preferentially She-Elephant- or Queen Mother)	Absolute Monarchy	Mswati III (and Ntombi)	Currently democratizing. Queen mother is a title or position reserved for a widowed Queen consort (a Queen dowager) whose son or daughter from that marriage is the reigning monarch Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything Mswati III (born Makhosetive on April 19, 1968) of Swaziland is the king of Swaziland and head of the Swazi Royal Family Ntombi, Indovukazi of Swaziland (born c 1950 has been the Indovukazi (Great She-Elephant and Joint Head of State of Swaziland since 1986 Democratization ( British English: Democratisation) is the transition to a more democratic Political regime.
Sweden	King/Queen	Constitutional Monarchy	Carl XVI Gustaf	Act of Succession revised in 1979 to allow for female monarchs (full cognatic primogeniture). "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The monarch is the Head of state of the Kingdom of Sweden. Sweden being a Constitutional monarchy with a Representative democracy based on a A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is
Thailand	King	Constitutional Monarchy	Bhumibol Adulyadej	The world's longest-serving current head of state. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj The Chakri dynasty has ruled Thailand since the founding of the Ratthanakosin era in 1782 following the end of Taksin of Thonburi 's reign when the A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Bhumibol Adulyadej (ภูมิพลอดุลยเดช pʰuːmipʰon adunjadeːt Royal Institute: Phumiphon Adunyadet;) (born Monday 5 December 1927 Known as Rama, the throne name with numeral officially used by every king of the present Chakri dynasty, currently Rama IX; Buddhist monarchy. The kings in the current Chakri dynasty of Thailand are often referred to as Rama followed by Roman ordinal in English translation The Chakri dynasty has ruled Thailand since the founding of the Ratthanakosin era in 1782 following the end of Taksin of Thonburi 's reign when the Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices
Tonga	King/Queen	Constitutional Monarchy	George Tupou V	The traditional Polynesian style of Tu'i Tonga, still the dynasty's birthright, was superseded by the western royal style in 1865, i. The Kingdom of Tonga is an Archipelago in the south Pacific Ocean comprising 169 islands 36 of them inhabited stretching over a distance of about 800 kilometres (500 miles The Tupou dynasty of Tonga is the only remaining native constitutional monarchy of Polynesia. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is King George Tupou V ( Tongan: Siaosi Tupou V, full name Siaosi Tāufaāhau Manumataongo Tukuaho Tupou V) (born 4 May 1948) is Tu'i, also spelled more simplistically Tui, is a Polynesian traditional title for Tribal chiefs or princes e. before the British protectorate
Tuvalu	King/Queen of Tuvalu	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. Tuvalu, formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is a Polynesian Island nation located in the Pacific Ocean midway between Hawaii and A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch The Monarch is represented by a Governor-General, currently Filoimea Telito
United Arab Emirates	President	Constitutional federation	Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan	Position formally elected amongst the seven rulers of the Trucial states, de facto always from premier state Abu Dhabi. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Sir Filoimea Telito, GCMG, MBE (born on Vaitupu) is a political figure from the Pacific nation of Tuvalu. The President is the Head of State of the United Arab Emirates. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is A federation ( Latin: foedus, covenant is a union comprising a number of partially self-governing states or regions united by a central ("federal" Khalifa bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (خليفة بن زايد بن سلطان النهيان referred to either as Sheikh Nahyan or Sheikh Khalifa is the current List of Rulers of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi Al Nahyan of Al Abu Falah Dynasty List of Rulers of the Emirate of Ajman
United Kingdom	King/Queen of the United Kingdom	Constitutional Monarchy	Elizabeth II	Commonwealth realm. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located TalkCommonewalth realm.--> The monarchy A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch Also Sovereign of Guernsey, Jersey, Isle of Man, and the non-sovereign states of the British overseas territories of Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension Island, Tristan da Cunha, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The Bailiwick of Guernsey (Bailliage de Guernesey is a British Crown dependency in the English Channel off the coast of Normandy. The Bailiwick of Jersey ( Jèrriais: Jèrri) is a British Crown dependency off the coast of Normandy, France. The Isle of Man (Ellan Vannin ˈɛlʲən ˈvanɪn or Mann (Mannin) is a self-governing Crown dependency, located in the Irish Sea at the geographical The British Overseas Territories are fourteen territories that are under the Sovereignty of the United Kingdom, but which do not form part of the United Kingdom Anguilla (English pronunciation ang-GWILL-ah, æŋˈɡwɪlə is a British overseas territory in the Caribbean, one of the most northerly of the Leeward Ba (officially The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. The British Virgin Islands ( BVI) is a British overseas territory, located in the Caribbean to the east of Puerto Rico. The Cayman Islands are a British overseas territory located in the western Caribbean Sea, comprising the islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac Gibraltar (dʒɨˈbrɒltər is a British overseas territory located near the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar Montserrat (ˌmɒntsəˈræt is British overseas territory located in the Leeward Islands, part of the chain of islands called the Lesser Antilles Saint Helena (pronounced saint he-LEE-na) named after St Helena of Constantinople, is an island of volcanic origin and a British overseas territory Ascension Island is an island in the South Atlantic Ocean, around from the coast of Africa Tristan da Cunha (ˈtrɪstən də ˈkuːnə is a group of remote volcanic Islands in the south Atlantic Ocean, 2816 km (1750 miles from South South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( SGSSI) is a British overseas territory in the southern Atlantic Ocean. The Turks and Caicos Islands ( TCI) (ˈtɜːks ænd ˈkeɪkəs are a British Overseas Territory consisting of two groups of tropical islands in the West Indies It was under complete Parliamentary control between 1649 and 1660 (see "The Protectorate"). In British history, the Protectorate was the period 1653&ndash1659 during which the Commonwealth of England Scotland and Ireland was governed by a Lord
Vatican City (Holy See)	Supreme Pontiff, more commonly as "Pope" or "Holy Father"	Absolute theocracy	Benedict XVI	Electoral (by Cardinals in conclave), sovereign Prince of the church

Current subnational and trans-national traditional monarchies

Not only are the Monarchs of constitutive Monarchies part of the federal establishment of both present elective monarchies (Malaysia, mainly sultanates, and the UAE, so named after its emirates), in many other modern states -often republics- tribal and other traditional states persist, with a dynasty that retains a court and often local prestige and influence; some are officially installed with the consent of the official government (as some of the many in Indonesia- waiting for the go-ahead can mean years of vacancy on the throne), others are merely condoned, or even in exile. Vatican City, officially the State of the Vatican City (Stato della Città del Vaticano is a Landlocked sovereign City-state whose territory The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope, and is the preeminent Episcopal see of the Roman Catholic History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything Theocracy is a form of government in which a god or deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler Pope Benedict XVI ( Latin: Benedictus PP XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Alois Ratzinger A papal conclave is a meeting of the College of Cardinals to elect the Pope (or Bishop of Rome) who is considered by Catholics to be the Successor The term Prince of the Church is nowadays used nearly exclusively for Catholic Cardinals However the term is historically more important as a generic term for clergymen Within Africa a great percentage of these ancient African Monarchies have active Power and Rule independently alongside the National Governments there respective Empires and Kingdoms in Africa; including internal Kingdoms Government and Kingdoms Judicary systems. Most have there own internal Warrior Armies and have the power to call upon the National Government Forces; if the situation is so needed. Vice-Versa the National or Trans-National Governments can call upon the Monarchies for support in times of Tribal conflicts, to command Peace, due to the Kingdoms massive influence with the People of the respective Kingdoms and Tribal Nations. Many of these Kingdoms Empires are crossed-border covering parts of two or more Countries, some Empires covers parts of complete regions, and a few the Continent itself, with 1000s of Royal Kingdoms within and under the respective Empire of a multiple or Tribal Nations Kingdoms, covering populations of 100s of millions in collective Populations on the African Continent.

State	Title	Ruler	Part of	Notes
Abrons	King	KOUASSI Adjoumani	Côte d'Ivoire	H. A state is a political association with effective Sovereignty over a geographic Area and representing a Population. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M King KOUASSI Adjoumani is the King of Abrons Kingdom in Bondoukou.
Abeokuta	King	Gbadebo II	Nigeria	H. Abeokuta is a city in Ogun State in southwest Nigeria and is situated at, on the Ogun River; 64 miles north of Lagos by railway or 81 Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal R. M King Gbadebo II is the King of the Abeokuta Kingdom is in Nigeria.
Abengourou	King	BOA Kouassi III	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Abengourou is a department and city of Côte d'Ivoire, located in Moyen-Comoé Region near the Ghanaian border at. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M King Boa Kouassi III is the King of l’Indénié Kingdom in Abengourou.
Abomey	King	Agboli-Agbo Dedjlani	Benin	H. Abomey is a town in Benin, formerly the capital of the ancient kingdom of Dahomey. Benin (bə'nɪn officially the Republic of Benin, and also known as Benin Republic, is a country in Western Africa. R. M King Agboli-Agbo Dedjlani is the King of the Abomey Kingdom.
Adamawa	King	Aliyu Mustapha	Nigeria	H. Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal R. M King Joseph Adekola Ogunoye is the King of Adamawa Kingdom
Akropong-Akuapem	King	Oseadeefyo Addo Dankwa III	Ghana	H. Akuapem and Akropong are kingdom-states in South-Eastern Ghana. The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the R. M King Oseadeefyo Addo Dankwa III is the King of the Akropong-Akuapem Kingdom. The King of Akropong holds for the last sixteen years the "sacred seat" of the Akuapem-Asona, one of the seven major Akan clans.
Anloga	King of Anloga (Ewe)Torghui	Subo II	Ghana	H. The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the R. M King Subo II is the King of the Anloga Royal Kingdoms. King Subo II is of the Anloga Royal Kingdoms lines in Ghana, and a member of the Nubian Sheba Imperial Empire Kingdom Central Government Empire Cabinet.
Allangoua	King	KOUAME Atta Etienne	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M King KOUAME Atta Etienne is the King of Allangoua Kingdom in Assahara (M’Batto).
Arra	Emperor	Tehoua II	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Arra may refer to Arra India Arra Pakistan Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M Emperor Tehoua II is the Emperor of the Arra Empire Royal Kingdoms, crossed border through several West African Countries. H. R. M Emperor Tehoua II is a member of the Nubian Sheba Imperial Empire Kingdom Central Government Empire Cabinet and Chief of the Tribunal of Arra Empire Kingdoms Nations.
Ashanti	Asantehene	Otumfuo Nana Osei Tutu II	Ghana	The succession is decided by a series of councils of local notables and other royal family members. Ashanti, or Asante, are a major Ethnic group of Ashanti Region in Ghana. Rulers of the Akan state of Asanteman (Empire of Ashanti Territory comprised part of present-day southern Ghana and portions of present-day eastern King Otumfuo Osei Tutu, is the 16th Asantehene, King of the Ashanti. The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the
Awka	Igwe	Eze-Uzu II	Nigeria	H. Awka is the capital of Anambra State, Nigeria. The town is located in southeastern Nigeria in Igboland and lies along roads leading from Owerri Umuahia Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal R. M Igwe Gibson Nwosu Igwe of the Awka Kingdom.
Bana	King	Hapi IV	Cameroon	H. The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. R. M King Hapi IV is the King of the Bana Kingdom.
Bandjun	King	Ngie Kamga Joseph	Cameroon	H. The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. R. M King Ngie Kamga Joseph the King of Bandjun Kingdom
Benin	Ekegbian	Isienwenro James Iyoha Inneh	Nigeria	H. Benin (bə'nɪn officially the Republic of Benin, and also known as Benin Republic, is a country in Western Africa. Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal R. M King Isienwenro James Iyoha Inneh is the King of the Benin Royal Kingdom.
Bénin	Oba Erediauwa	Salomon Igbinoghodua	Nigeria	H. Benin (bə'nɪn officially the Republic of Benin, and also known as Benin Republic, is a country in Western Africa. Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal R. M King Salomon Igbinoghodua is the Oba Erediauwa of the Bénin Kingdom.
Bibemi	King	Halidou Sali	Cameroon	H. The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. R. M King Halidou Sali the King of Bibemi Kingdom
Bouna	King	Aka Ahoré François	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Bouna is a town and also the department surrounding that town lying in Zanzan Region in northeastern Côte d'Ivoire Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M King Aka Ahoré François is the King of Bouna Kingdom in Bouna (M’Batto).
Bohmong Circle	Bohmong Raja	Aong Swe Prue Choudhury	Bangladesh	Under the Chittagong Hill Tracts Regulation of 1900, the Government of Bangladesh recognizes three hereditary traditional rulers in the Chittagong Hill Tracts: the Mong Raja in Manikchari, the Chakma Raja in Rangamati and the Bohmong Raja in Bandarban. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially The rajas, also known as circle chiefs, exercise limited judicial authority, have responsibility for collection of land taxes in their respective territories and also exercise certain ceremonial roles. The Bohmong Raja is always a member of the Marma tribe.
Buganda	Kabaka and Nnabagereka	Muwenda Mutebi II and Queen Sylvia of Buganda	Uganda	Due to constitutional reform in 1993, the government of Uganda restored several traditional monarchies. Buganda is the kingdom of the Baganda people the largest of the traditional kingdoms in present-day Uganda. Kabaka is the title of the king of Buganda. According to the traditions of the Baganda they are ruled by two kings one spiritual and the other material The Nnabagereka is the title for the Queen of the Kingdom of Buganda, a tribal kingdom in modern day Uganda. Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II, born April 13, 1955, is the current King or Kabaka Her Majesty Sylvia Nagginda, born in September 1964 is the current Nnabagereka or Queen of Buganda, a historic kingdom in modern day Uganda The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa. Politics of Uganda takes place within the framework of a presidential Republic, whereby the President of Uganda is both Head of state and
Bunyoro	Omukama	Iguru	Uganda	Due to constitutional reform in 1993, the government of Uganda restored several traditional monarchies. Bunyoro is a region of Uganda, and from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century one of the most powerful kingdoms of East Africa. Omukama of Bunyoro is the name given to rulers of the central African kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara. The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa. Politics of Uganda takes place within the framework of a presidential Republic, whereby the President of Uganda is both Head of state and
Busoga	Kyabazinga	Henry Wako Muloki	Uganda	Due to constitutional reform in 1993, the government of Uganda restored several traditional monarchies. This article is about the Busoga kingdom and region For the language see ‎‎ Lusoga, and for the people see Basoga. Isebantu Kyabazinga or Kyabazinga of Busoga is the title given to the ruler of the Kingdom of Busoga in Uganda The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa. Politics of Uganda takes place within the framework of a presidential Republic, whereby the President of Uganda is both Head of state and
Chakma Circle	Chakma Raja	Raja Devasish Roy	Bangladesh	Under the Chittagong Hill Tracts Regulation of 1900, the Government of Bangladesh recognizes three hereditary traditional rulers in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, the Mong Raja in Manikchari, the Chakma Raja in Rangamati and the Bohmong Raja in Bandarban. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially The rajas, also known as circle chiefs, exercise limited judicial authority, have responsibility for collection of land taxes in their respective territories and also exercise certain ceremonial roles. The Chakma Raja is always a member of the Chakma Tribe.
Dagbon	Yaa Naa	Kampakuya Naa Abdulai Yakubu Andani (title)	Ghana	The Yaa Naa is selected by a group of Kingmakers led by the Kuga Naa who is the embodiment of the customs and traditions of the Dagbon people. The Dagomba are a people of Northern Ghana. They inhabit the sparse West African Savanna region below the Sahel belt known as the Sudan (not The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the The King is selected after consulting the oracles and soothsayers. The current occupier is the prince and elder son of the immediate past Yaa Naa, Yaa Naa Yakubu Andani II who died in 2002. He is the Regent of Dagbon and acts as Yaa Naa until a new Yaa Naa is selected. The Regent is also qualified to be selected.
Djuablin	Emperor	Agninibilé II	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M Emperor Agninibilé II of the Djuablin Empire Kingdom is amongst the Major Nubian descendent Empire Kingdoms Emperors in West Africa. The Djuablin Empire of Royal Kingdoms is crossed-border through several West and Central African Countries. H. R. M Emperor Agninibilé II is a member of Imperial Empire Cabinet of the Nubian Sheba Imperial Empire Kingdom Central Government.
Dimbokro	King	PEDRIN III	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Dimbokro is one of the fifty-eight departments of Côte d'Ivoire, located in N'zi-Comoé Region, and also the chief city of the department Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M King PEDRIN III is the King of Dimbokro Kingdom in Dimbokro.
Ebra	King	ASSEMIEN Nogbou	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M King ASSEMIEN Nogbou is the King of Ebra Kingdom in Ebra.
Fumban,Bamun	Sultan	El Hadj Seidoi Njimoluh Njoya	Cameroon	H. The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. R. M Sultan El Hadj Seidoi Njimoluh Njoya is the Sultan of Fumban and Mfon of the Bamun Kingdoms
Gbese,Nyan,Aborbiamo	Emperor	Ashirifi I	Ghana	H. The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the R. M Emperor Ashirifi I is the Emperor of the Gbese, Nyan, and Aborbiamo Empire Royal Kingdoms, and the Prime Minister of the Nubian Sheba Imperial Empire Kingdom Central Government and a member of Empire Cabinet.
IFE	Oni	Sijuwade	Nigeria	H. Ife (Ifè also Ilé-Ifẹ̀) is an ancient Yoruba City in south-western Nigeria. Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal R. M King Sijuwadeis the King of the IFE Kingdom
Katsina	Emir	El Hadj Mamadou Kabir Usman	Nigeria	H. Katsina is also an alternative spelling the Pueblo religious practices of Kachina. Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal R. M Emir El Hadj Mamadou Kabir Usman is the Emir of the Katsina Kingdom.
Keta,Anlo	Emperor	James-Ocloo V	Ghana	H. The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the R. M Emperor James-Ocloo V is the Emperor of the Keta and Anlo Empire Royal Kingdoms and is a member of the Nubian Sheba Imperial Empire Kingdom Central Government Empire Cabinet.
Kong	King	EL Hadj Gaoussou Ouattara	Côte d'Ivoire	H. The King of Kong A Fistful of Quarters is a documentary that follows Steve Wiebe as he tries to take the world High score for the arcade game Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M Nanan EL Hadj Gaoussou Ouattara is the King of Kong Kingdom in Kong.
Krindjabo	King	Amon N’DOUFFOU V	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M King Amon N’DOUFFOU V is the King of Krindjabo Kingdom in Krindjabo.
Kuba	King	Nyimi Kok Mabiintsh III	Democratic Republic of the Congo	H. KUBA is a radio station based in Marysville California. They can be found at 1600 on the AM band and 95 The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo often referred to as DR Congo, DRC or RDC, and formerly known or referred to R. M King Nyimi Kok Mabiintsh III is the King of the Kuba Kingdom.
Mooussou	H. R. M King KANGA Assoumou	KANGA Assoumou	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M King KANGA Assoumou is the King of Mooussou Kingdom in Mooussou.
Māori	Ariki (Kiingi or Kuini)	Tuheitia Paki	New Zealand	Holding no constitutional but ceremonial roles. This article discusses the Māori people of New Zealand For their language see Māori language, and for other meanings see Māori (disambiguation. Māori King Movement or Kīngitanga is a movement that arose among some of the Māori tribes of New Zealand in the 1850s to establish a symbolic Tuheitia Paki OStJ (born 21 April 1955) is the current Māori king in New Zealand ( Aotearoa) New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island
Mong Circle	Mong Raja	Pahaila Prue Choudhury	Bangladesh	Under the Chittagong Hill Tracts Regulation of 1900, the Government of Bangladesh recognizes three hereditary traditional rulers in the Chittagong Hill Tracts: the Mong Raja in Manikchari, the Chakma Raja in Rangamati and the Bohmong Raja in Bandarban. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially The rajas, also known as circle chiefs, exercise limited judicial authority, have responsibility for collection of land taxes in their respective territories and also exercise certain ceremonial roles. The Mong Raja is always a member of the Marma tribe.
Mustang	gyelpo	Jigme Palbar Bista	Nepal	Mustang once was an independent kingdom annexed by Nepal at the end of the 18th century. Mustang is from Tibetan Mun Tan ( Wylie smon-thang) which denotes fertile plain Nepal (नेपाल) is a Landlocked country in South Asia. The monarchy still survives as the Kingdom of Lo in Upper (northern) Mustang.
New Juabeng (Ashanti)	Daasebere	Daasebere Oti Boateng	Ghana	H. The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the R. M Emperor Oti Boateng is the Emperor of the New Juabeng Empire Royal Kingdoms and a member of the Nubian Sheba Imperial Empire Kingdom Central Government Empire Cabinet.
Nnewi	Obi	Kenneth Nnaji Onyemaeke Orizu III	Nigeria	H. Nnewi is the second largest city in Anambra State in southeastern Nigeria (in the region formerly known as Biafra) Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal R. M King Kenneth Nnaji Onyemaeke Orizu III is the King of the Nnewi Kingdom.
New Juabeng (Ashanti)	Queen	Alana Yaa Daani III	Ghana	H. The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the R. M Queen Alana Yaa Daani III is the Queen of the New Juabeng Empire Royal Kingdoms, and a member of the Nubian Sheba Imperial Empire Kingdom Empire Queens Council.
N’zima	King	AMON Tanoe	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M King AMON Tanoe is the King of N’zima Kingdom in Grand-Bassam.
Pinango and Abron	Emperor/King	Kouadjo Yeboau Adou Bibi II	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M Emperor Koaudjo Yeboua Adou Bibi II is the Emperor and King of the Pinango and Abron Empire Royal Kingdoms that crossed-border through several West African Countries. H. R. M Emperor Adou Bibi III is a member of the Nubian Sheba Imperial Empire Kingdom Central Government Empire Cabinet.
Pinango and Abron Empire	Empress/Queen	Abena Nyamtché I	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M Empress Abena Nyamtché I is the Empress and Queen of the Pinango and Abron Empire and Royal Kingdoms that cross-border through several West African Countries. Abena Nyamtché I, is as well the Head of Empire Central Government and Imperial Empress of the Nubian Kingdoms Sheba Imperial Empire Kingdoms of the African Continent Nubian descendent Kingdoms Nations, under Imperial Throne name H. I. M Imperial Empress Shebah `Ra – Queen Shebah III [1].
Rey-Bouba	Sultan	Bouba Abdoulaye	Cameroon	H. The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. R. M Sultan Bouba Abdoulaye is the Sultan of Rey-Bouba Kingdom, as large as Belgium and Luxemburg combined.
Sokoto	Sultan	Abubakar Sidiq	Nigeria	H. Sokoto is a city located in the extreme northwest of Nigeria, near to where the Sokoto River and Rima River meet "Sokoto Caliph" was the ruler of the Sokoto Caliphate. Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal R. M Sultan Abubakar Sidiq is the Sultan of the Sokoto Kingdom.
Tabou	King	DOUOPO Yié	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Tabou is one of the fifty-eight departments of Côte d'Ivoire. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M King DOUOPO Yié is the King of Tabou Kingdom in Tabou.
Sheba	Queen	Shebah`Ra - Queen Shebah III	African Union	H. Sheba ( Hebrew: שבא, Sh'va, Arabic: سبأ Sabaʼ, Ge'ez, Amharic, Tigrinya: ሳባ Saba The African Union (abbreviated AU in English, and UA in its other working languages is a Confederation consisting of 53  African I. M Empress Shebah `Ra - Queen Shebah III is the Imperial Empress of the African Continent Nubian descendent Kingdoms Nations and Head of the African Continents African Kingdoms Federation and African Kingdoms Federation Government.
Sigave	Tu'i (King or chief)	Visesio Moeliku	Wallis and Futuna	The Council of the Territory of Wallis and Futuna consists of three kings and three members appointed by the high administrator on the advice of the Territorial Assembly. Sigavé (also Singave) is one of the three official chiefdoms of the French territory of Wallis and Futuna, which is encompasses the western third (30 out Tu'i, also spelled more simplistically Tui, is a Polynesian traditional title for Tribal chiefs or princes Visesio Moeliku, born in 1922, has been Tu`i Sigave ( King of Sigave) in Wallis and Futuna, since March 10, 2004 Wallis and Futuna, officially the Territory of Wallis and Futuna Islands ( French: Wallis et Futuna or Territoire des îles Wallis et Futuna, Wallis and Futuna elects on territorial level a Legislature. The Territorial Assembly ( Assemblée Territoriale) has 20 members elected for a five year term by
Toro	Omukama	Rukidi IV	Uganda	Due to constitutional reform in 1993, the government of Uganda restored several traditional monarchies. Toro is one of the four traditional kingdoms located within the borders of Uganda. The Omukama of Toro is the name given to rulers of the central African kingdom of Toro. Rukirabasaija Oyo Nyimba Kabamba Iguru Rukidi IV, King Oyo is the reigning Omukama of Toro, in Uganda. The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa. Politics of Uganda takes place within the framework of a presidential Republic, whereby the President of Uganda is both Head of state and
Tu'a (Alo)	Tu`i Agaifo (king)	Soane Patita Maituku	Wallis and Futuna	The Council of the Territory of Wallis and Futuna consists of three kings and three members appointed by the high administrator on the advice of the Territorial Assembly. Alo, also known unofficially as Tu`a, is one of the three official chiefdoms of the French territory of Wallis and Futuna, which encompasses the eastern Tu'i, also spelled more simplistically Tui, is a Polynesian traditional title for Tribal chiefs or princes King Soane Patita Maituku (1947?- was the Tu'i Agaifo from 2002 to 2008 when he resigned Wallis and Futuna, officially the Territory of Wallis and Futuna Islands ( French: Wallis et Futuna or Territoire des îles Wallis et Futuna, Wallis and Futuna elects on territorial level a Legislature. The Territorial Assembly ( Assemblée Territoriale) has 20 members elected for a five year term by
Uvea	Tui `Uvea (King, also styled Hau and Lavelua)	(currently none)	Wallis and Futuna	The Council of the Territory of Wallis and Futuna consists of three kings and three members appointed by the high administrator on the advice of the Territorial Assembly. Wallis ( Uvea) is an Island in the Pacific Ocean belonging to the French overseas collectivity ( Collectivité d'outre-mer Wallis and Futuna, officially the Territory of Wallis and Futuna Islands ( French: Wallis et Futuna or Territoire des îles Wallis et Futuna, Wallis and Futuna elects on territorial level a Legislature. The Territorial Assembly ( Assemblée Territoriale) has 20 members elected for a five year term by
Special Region of Yogyakarta	Sultan	Hamengkubuwono X	Indonesia	The sultan is de facto governor of the province of Yogyakarta Special Region. The Special Region of Yogyakarta ( Indonesian: Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, or DIY) is the smallest province of Indonesia (excluding Yogyakarta Sultanate or Kesultanan Yogyakarta is a Monarchy in the province of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. It is the only monarchy in Indonesia that is officially recognized by the central government.
Zanzan	Emperor	Adingra	Côte d'Ivoire	H. Zanzan is one of the 19 regions of Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a R. M Emperor Kouassi Adingra is the Emperor of the Zanzan Empire Royal Kingdoms. Emperor Adingra of the Nubian descendent Zanzan Major Kingdoms Empire lines Kingdoms, crossed-bordered through several West and Central African Countries. S. M Nanan Adingra is a member of the Nubian Sheba Imperial Empire Kingdom Central Government Empire Cabinet.
Zululand	King	Goodwill Zwelethini kaBhekuzulu	South Africa	Although the king does not hold any direct political power, he is provided a stipend by the government of South Africa, and holds considerable sway over more traditionalist Zulu people in the KwaZulu-Natal Province. KwaZulu-Natal (kwɑːˌzuːluː nəˈtɑːl often referred to as " KZN " is a province of South Africa. This List of Zulu kings gives a list of Zulu chieftains and kings from their earliest known history up to the current monarch Mnguni Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu (b 14 July 1948 at Nongoma) is the reigning king of the Zulu nation under the Traditional Leadership The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa The Republic of South Africa, a constitutional Democracy with a three-tier system of Government and an independent Judiciary, operating The Zulu ( IsiZulu: amaZulu) are the largest South African ethnic group of an estimated 10-11 million people who live mainly in the province of KwaZulu-Natal

In many countries that are legally republics, an heir to the throne is recognized by the royalist part of the nation. A republic is a State or Country that is not led by a hereditary Monarch, but in which the people (or at least a part of its people have impact on its A nation is a Human Cultural and Social Community. In as much as most members never meet each other yet feel a common bond it may be considered A list of such countries is available in the pretender article. A pretender is a claimant to an abolished throne or to a throne already occupied by somebody else

See also

• List of monarchies
• List of monarchs by nickname
• List of living former sovereign monarchs
• List of usurpers
• Abolished monarchies
• Absolutism
• Family as a model for the state
• Feudalism
• Monarch
• Regent

Specific monarchies

• Cokossian Monarchy
• Datus of the Philippines
• Danish monarchy
• Indonesian Monarchies
• King of Ireland
• Kotokolian Monarchy
• List of Nigerian traditional states
• Monarchies of Ethiopia
• Monarchy of Australia
• Monarchies of Burma
• Monarchy of Barbados
• Monarchy of Belize
• Monarchy of Canada
• Monarchy of Jamaica
• Monarchy of New Zealand
• Monarchy of the Solomon Islands
• Monarchy of the United Kingdom
• Nepalese monarchy
• Norwegian monarchy
• Tenkodogo Monarchy
• Wogodogo Monarchy

External links, References and Sources

• The Legitimist
• The Monarchist
• Encyclopaedia Britannica, Monarchy
• The International Monarchist League
• The Monarchist League of Canada
• Theodore's Royalty and Monarchy Site
• RoyalArk- by present nation
• Unpopular Opinions- For King and Christendom
• WorldStatesmen- by present country

There are and were a very large number of monarchies in the world This is a list of Monarchs (and other royalty and Nobility) sorted by Nickname. This is a list of former monarchs of sovereign states who are living, As of 2008. The following is a list of usurpers &ndash illegitimate or controversial claimants to the throne in a Monarchy. Throughout history monarchies have been abolished either through legislative reforms coups d'etat, or wars Absolutism is a Historiographical term used to describe a form of monarchical power that is unrestrained by any other institutions such as churches legislatures or social The Family as a model for the organization of the State is a theory of Political philosophy. Feudalism, a term first used in the early modern period (17th century in its most classic sense refers to a Medieval Europe Political system composed A regent, from the Latin regens "who reigns" is a person selected to act as Head of state (ruling or not because the ruler is a minor The Cokossian Monarchy is a traditional monarchy in Togo that has existed since at least the 17th century Datu or datto is the title for ancient tribal chieftains and monarchs in pre-Hispanic Philippines. This is a list of Danish Monarchs, that is the Kings and Queens regnant of Denmark. This is a list of the several hundred monarchies, past and present in Indonesia: A Aceh: In the northern region of Sumatra the Sultanate The designation King of Ireland (Rí na hÉireann and Queen (regnant of Ireland was used during three periods of Irish history. The Kotokolian Monarchy is a Chiefdom in Togo which originated in the 19th century There are hundreds of traditional states in Nigeria. These include Abeokuta Abouja Adamawa This is a list of Monarchies that existed throughout the History of Ethiopia. TalkCommonewalth realm.-->The monarchy The Shan State of Myanmar (also known as Burma was once made up of a large number of traditional monarchies or fiefdoms TalkCommonewalth realm.-->The monarchy of TalkCommonewalth realm.--> The monarchy TalkCommonewalth realm.-->The monarchy of TalkCommonewalth realm.--> The monarchy TalkCommonewalth realm.--> New Zealand TalkCommonewalth realm.--> The Head of TalkCommonewalth realm.--> The monarchy The King of Nepal was traditionally known as the Mahārājdhirāja (श्री 5 महाराजधिराज his queen was known as the Badāmahārānī List of Rulers of the Mossi State of Tenkodogo Comprising part of Burkina Faso, Tenkodogo is the senior Mossi State

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