Citizendia

The Right Honourable
 Sir Menzies Campbell
 CBE QC
Menzies Campbell

Sir Menzies Campbell

In office
2 March 2006 – 15 October 2007
acting leader from 7 January 2006
DeputyVincent Cable
Preceded byCharles Kennedy
Succeeded byNick Clegg
In office
12 February 2003 – 7 January 2006
LeaderCharles Kennedy
Preceded byAlan Beith
Succeeded byVincent Cable
In office
7 May 1997 – 7 January 2006
Preceded byDavid Heath
Succeeded byMichael Moore
Member of Parliament
for North East Fife
Incumbent
Assumed office 
11 June 1987
Preceded byBarry Henderson
Majority12,571 (32. The Right Honourable (abbreviated as The Rt Hon) is an Honorific prefix that is traditionally applied to certain The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British Order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. Queen's Counsel ( postnominal QC) &ndash known as King's Counsel ( KC) during the reign of a male sovereign  &ndash are The Liberal Democrat members elect the United Kingdom Liberal Democrat leader. Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. WikipediaManual of Style (biographies#Academic titles --> John Vincent Cable, known as Vince Cable Charles Peter Kennedy (born 25 November 1959 is a British politician. Nicholas William Peter Clegg (born 7 January 1967 known as Nick Clegg, is The 2003 Liberal Democrats deputy leadership election took place in February 2003 following the decision by the incumbent Alan Beith to stand down as Deputy Leader of the Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Charles Peter Kennedy (born 25 November 1959 is a British politician. Sir Alan James Beith (born 20 April 1943 WikipediaManual of Style (biographies#Academic titles --> John Vincent Cable, known as Vince Cable The Liberal Democrats are the third-largest Political party in the United Kingdom. Events 558 - In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about the politician For the professional wrestler see David Heath (wrestler. Michael Kevin Moore (born 3 June 1965) is a politician in the United Kingdom. North East Fife is a Constituency in Fife, Scotland, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes. Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) James Stewart Barry Henderson, usually known as Barry Henderson (born 29 April 1936) was a Conservative member of the United Kingdom 6%)
Born22 May 1941 (1941-05-22) (age 67)
Glasgow, Scotland
Political partyLiberal Democrats
SpouseElspeth, Lady Suttie
Alma materUniversity of Glasgow, Stanford University
ProfessionOlympic sprinter, Advocate, Politican
ReligionPresbyterian
WebsiteSir Menzies Campbell MP's Website

Sir Walter Menzies Campbell CBE QC (born 22 May 1941), commonly known as Ming Campbell, is a British politician and retired sprinter. Events 334 BC - The Greek army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the Elspeth Mary Lady Campbell (born January 1940 is the wife of the former Liberal Democrat leader Sir Menzies Campbell. Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval The University of Glasgow (Oilthigh Ghlaschu was founded in 1451 in Glasgow, Scotland and along with its contemporary institutions the University of St Andrews Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University or simply Stanford, is a private Research university located in Sprints are short running races in athletics. They are roughly classified as events in which top runners will not have to "pace themselves" but can run as fast as An advocate is one who speaks on behalf of another person especially in a legal context A politician (from Greek " Polis " is an individual who is involved in influencing public decision making through the influence of Politics or a person Presbyterianism is a family of Christian denominations within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British Order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. Queen's Counsel ( postnominal QC) &ndash known as King's Counsel ( KC) during the reign of a male sovereign  &ndash are Events 334 BC - The Greek army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A politician (from Greek " Polis " is an individual who is involved in influencing public decision making through the influence of Politics or a person Sprints are short running races in athletics. They are roughly classified as events in which top runners will not have to "pace themselves" but can run as fast as He is Member of Parliament for North East Fife and was Leader of the Liberal Democrats from 2 March 2006 until 15 October 2007 [1]. A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. North East Fife is a Constituency in Fife, Scotland, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

"Menzies" is a Scottish name, pronounced MING-iss (IPA: /ˈmɪŋɪs/), and originally written Minȝies, the "z" being a poor rendition of the (Middle English) yogh (ȝ) originally included in the name; hence "Ming". Not to be confused with the unrelated ʒ. For the rune transcribed as ȝ, see Gyfu.

Contents

Life outside politics

Born in Glasgow, Campbell was educated at Hillhead High School, Glasgow, and the University of Glasgow, graduating with an MA and an LLB. Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom Hillhead High School is a Day school located in Glasgow, Scotland on Oakfield Avenue neighbouring the University of Glasgow. The University of Glasgow (Oilthigh Ghlaschu was founded in 1451 in Glasgow, Scotland and along with its contemporary institutions the University of St Andrews A Master of Arts in Scotland is an academic degree in Humanities and Social sciences awarded by the Ancient universities of Scotland – The Bachelor of Laws (abbreviated LLB, LLB or rarely LlB) is an undergraduate or bachelor degree in law offered in most Common law Campbell's contemporaries at the University of Glasgow included former Lord Chancellor Lord Irvine, Donald Dewar and John Smith, who attempted to recruit him for the Labour Party. The Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor is a senior and important functionary in the Government of the United Kingdom. Alexander Andrew Mackay Irvine Baron Irvine of Lairg, PC, QC (born 23 June 1940 known as Derry Irvine, is a British Lawyer and Donald Campbell Dewar (21 August 1937 &ndash 11 October 2000 was the first First Minister of Scotland from 1999 until his death in 2000 John Smith QC (13 September 1938&ndash12 May 1994 was a Scottish Politician who served as leader of the Labour Party from July 1992 until his The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the He was elected President of the Liberal Club in 1962, and of the Glasgow University Union 1964-65 and later received a scholarship to Stanford University, California. The Glasgow University Liberal Democrats is one of the oldest student societies at the University of Glasgow in Scotland Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Glasgow University Union ( GUU) is one of the largest and oldest students' unions in the UK serving students of the University of Glasgow since 1885 Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University or simply Stanford, is a private Research university located in California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean.

A successful sprinter at University, he competed for the Great Britain team in the 200 m at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo and captained the Scotland team at the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Kingston, Jamaica. Sprints are short running races in athletics. They are roughly classified as events in which top runners will not have to "pace themselves" but can run as fast as The United Kingdom competed as Great Britain and Northern Ireland at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. The men's 200 metres was the second-shortest of the men's track races in the Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics program in Tokyo. The 1964 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVIII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Tokyo, Japan officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. The Commonwealth Games Council for Scotland (CGCS is the national sporting organisation responsible for entering a Scottish team in the The 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games were held in Kingston Jamaica from 4 August to 13 August 1966 Kingston is the Capital and largest city of Jamaica and is located on the southeastern coast of the island country He also captained the Great Britain athletics team in 1965 and 1966, and held the British 100 metres record from 1967 to 1974. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located At one time he was known as "the fastest white man on the planet",[2] running the 100m in 10. 2 seconds twice during 1967. [3]

He qualified as an advocate before he became a politician. An advocate is one who speaks on behalf of another person especially in a legal context He was admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in 1968 and became a Queen's Counsel in 1982. The Faculty of Advocates is an independent body of Lawyers who have been admitted to practise as Advocates before the Courts of Scotland, especially the Queen's Counsel ( postnominal QC) &ndash known as King's Counsel ( KC) during the reign of a male sovereign  &ndash are He specialised in planning and licensing law. He ceased to practice as an advocate in 2003, but returned to practice in January 2008 as a member of a chambers made up (uniquely in Scotland, where about 30% of advocates are women) exclusively of men[1].

Campbell married Elspeth, Lady Grant-Suttie, daughter of Major General Roy Urquhart, in June 1970. Elspeth Mary Lady Campbell (born January 1940 is the wife of the former Liberal Democrat leader Sir Menzies Campbell. Disambiguation for the Scottish character actor see Robert Urquhart (actor. They have no children, though she has a child from her previous marriage. [4]

Member of Parliament

Campbell became chairman of the Scottish Liberals in 1975, and was a candidate at various general elections between 1974 and 1983. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United Kingdom has five distinct types of Elections UK general elections elections to national/regional parliaments and assemblies elections to the European Parliament After three failed attempts, he was finally elected as Member of Parliament, for North East Fife, at the 1987 general election. North East Fife is a Constituency in Fife, Scotland, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom Results |} All parties gaining over 500 votes listed Campaign and policies The Conservatives' campaign emphasized lower taxes a strong economy and defence He was made the Liberal Democrat chief spokesman on foreign affairs and defence in 1992. He considered standing as a candidate to replace Paddy Ashdown as party leader in the 1999 leadership election but ultimately decided against it. Jeremy John Durham Ashdown Baron Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon, GCMG, KBE, PC, (born 27 February 1941 commonly known as Paddy Ashdown, is a The 1999 Liberal Democrats leadership election was called following the resignation of Paddy Ashdown as leader He later said that he regretted that decision "for about 10 minutes a day". He was also one of twelve candidates for the position of Speaker when Betty Boothroyd stood down in 2000, but he lost out to Michael Martin. Betty Boothroyd Baroness Boothroyd, OM, PC (born October 8, 1929 in Dewsbury, Yorkshire) is a British Michael John Martin MP (born 3 July 1945 is the current Speaker of the House of Commons in the United Kingdom.

Campbell was diagnosed with non-Hodgkins lymphoma, a form of cancer, in 2002 and underwent a course of intensive chemotherapy before going on to make a full recovery. The non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a diverse group of hematologic cancers which encompass any Lymphoma other than Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer (medical term Malignant Neoplasm) is a class of Diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled Chemotherapy, in its most general sense refers to treatment of disease by chemicals that kill cells specifically those of micro-organisms or Cancer.

Campbell replaced Alan Beith as deputy leader of the Liberal Democrats in February 2003 and on occasion acted as stand-in Leader of the party. Sir Alan James Beith (born 20 April 1943 The 2003 Liberal Democrats deputy leadership election took place in February 2003 following the decision by the incumbent Alan Beith to stand down as Deputy Leader of the He took over in the general election campaign for three days from 12 April 2005 when Charles Kennedy took paternity leave. Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Charles Peter Kennedy (born 25 November 1959 is a British politician.

Liberal Democrats Frontbenches

In his role as foreign affairs spokeperson, Campbell was prominent in the Liberal Democrat opposition to the 2003 Iraq War, repeatedly arguing that the British government should publish the Attorney General's secret advice on the war's legality and criticising Tony Blair's support for President Bush. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. The Iraq War, also known as the Second Gulf War, the Occupation of Iraq, or the War in Iraq, is an ongoing Military campaign Her Majesty's Attorney General for England and Wales, usually known simply as the Attorney General, is the chief legal adviser of the Crown in England and Wales Anthony Charles Lynton "Tony" Blair (born 6 May 1953 is a British Politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. Unsympathetic towards what he terms the "visceral anti-Americanism" of some in the anti-war movement, Campbell has noted that: "For more than 60 years we have been engaged in an intimate and rewarding relationship with the United States … Our two countries are bound together historically by common values and experience. Anti-Americanism, often anti-American sentiment, is opposition or hostility to the people culture or policies of the United States. There has been significant opposition to the Iraq War across the world But our relationship should be one of mature partnership, not one of undue deference. " [5]

Leader of the Liberal Democrats

On 7 January 2006, Campbell became interim Leader following Kennedy's resignation, before winning the subsequent leadership contest. Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Despite his relatively advanced age compared to the leaders of the other two main parties, Tony Blair and David Cameron, he started as the front-runner in the 2006 leadership election, backed by more than a third of Lib Dem MPs as well as party notables such as David Steel, Shirley Williams and Paddy Ashdown. Anthony Charles Lynton "Tony" Blair (born 6 May 1953 is a British Politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to David William Donald Cameron (born 9 October 1966 is a British Politician and the current leader of the Conservative Party and Leader of Her Majesty's In the 2006 Liberal Democrats leadership election, Sir Menzies Campbell was elected to succeed Charles Kennedy as Leader of the Liberal Democrats, the third-largest David Martin Scott Steel Baron Steel of Aikwood, KT, KBE, PC (born 31 March 1938) is a British and Scottish Shirley Williams Baroness Williams of Crosby PC (born 27 July 1930) is a British Politician and academic Jeremy John Durham Ashdown Baron Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon, GCMG, KBE, PC, (born 27 February 1941 commonly known as Paddy Ashdown, is a As the race drew on it appeared that Chris Huhne, initially the outsider, was rapidly gaining support, and Huhne became the favourite with the bookmakers[6], but Campbell regained ground. Christopher Murray Paul Huhne, known as Chris Huhne, (born 2 July 1954 is a British Liberal Democrat politician and the current Member of Parliament A bookmaker, bookie or turf accountant, is an organization or a person that takes bets and pays winnings depending upon results and depending on the nature .

On 2 March 2006 Campbell was declared leader of the Liberal Democrats after winning the leadership election under the Single Transferable Vote method. Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the In the 2006 Liberal Democrats leadership election, Sir Menzies Campbell was elected to succeed Charles Kennedy as Leader of the Liberal Democrats, the third-largest Single transferable vote (STV is a preferential Voting system designed to minimize Wasted votes and provide Proportional representation The first-round votes placed him well in the lead, at 23,264 to Chris Huhne's 16,691 and Simon Hughes's 12,081. Christopher Murray Paul Huhne, known as Chris Huhne, (born 2 July 1954 is a British Liberal Democrat politician and the current Member of Parliament Simon Henry Ward Hughes (born 17 May 1951) is a British politician and Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament for North Southwark A tearful Simon Hughes was accordingly eliminated and his second-preference votes were split between the two remaining candidates. The final result was Sir Menzies Campbell at 29,697 and Chris Huhne at 21,628 on a 72% membership turnout. [7]

Campbell promoted many younger MPs to his Liberal Democrat Frontbench Team including former MEP Nick Clegg as Home Affairs spokesperson and 26 year old Jo Swinson as Scotland spokesperson. The Liberal Democrats are the third-largest Political party in the United Kingdom. Nicholas William Peter Clegg (born 7 January 1967 known as Nick Clegg, is Jo Swinson (born 5 February 1980) is the Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament for East Dunbartonshire constituency, to Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

A few weeks prior to Campbell's election to the party leadership, the Liberal Democrats won the Dunfermline and West Fife seat from Labour in a by-election. Dunfermline and West Fife is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. This was viewed as a major victory for Campbell and as a particular blow to then Labour Chancellor Gordon Brown, who lives in the constituency, represents the adjacent seat, and featured prominently in Labour's by-election campaign. The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all Economic and Financial WikipediaManual of Style (biographies#Academic titles --> James Gordon Brown (born 20 February 1951 is Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath is a County constituency representing the areas around the towns of Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath, in Fife, Scotland

Questions over leadership

However, questions were raised over Campbell's early performances at the weekly Prime Minister's Questions [8], leading him to declare himself "perfectly confident" that he could fulfil the role of party leader. Prime Minister's Questions ( PMQs) (officially Questions to the Prime Minister) is a constitutional convention in the United Kingdom, where every [9]. Campbell regained some ground with the controversy over the US practice of "extraordinary rendition"[10], the case of the NatWest Three [11], and the conflict in Lebanon [12]

According to polls published in July 2006, twice as many voters preferred Charles Kennedy as Leader over Campbell, and this led to further criticism of Campbell's leadership. The NatWest Three, also known as the Enron Three, are three British businessmen - Giles Darby, David Bermingham and Gary Mulgrew. Background See also Israel-Lebanon conflict The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO had engaged in cross-border attacks from Southern Lebanon [13] Kennedy however called rumours that he considered challenging for the leadership as "fanciful". [14]

The University of St Andrews' decision to award an honorary doctorate of law to former President Khatami of Iran sparked some criticism, although as Chancellor he is only titular head and not involved in such decisions. The University of St Andrews is the oldest University in Scotland and third oldest in the English-speaking world, having been founded between An honorary degree or a degree honoris causa ( Latin: 'for the sake of the honour' is an Academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding Seyyed Mohammad Khātamī ( سید محمد خاتمی, pronounced xɑːtæmiː}} (born September 29, 1943, in Ardakan, Yazd For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. [15][16][17] Khatami was elected as President of Iran in 1997 and 2001, both occasions on platforms of social and political reform and a "Dialogue Among Civilizations" that put Khatami significantly at odds with his conservative successor, President Ahmadinejad. The Dialogue Among Civilizations is a theory in international relations Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (محمود احمدی‌نژاد; born October 28, 1956) is the sixth and current President of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Shortly before Gordon Brown took over as Prime Minister in June 2007, Campbell was invited to a meeting with the then Chancellor of the Exchequer. WikipediaManual of Style (biographies#Academic titles --> James Gordon Brown (born 20 February 1951 is The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all Economic and Financial Brown surprised Campbell by requesting that two Liberal Democracts (Lord Ashdown and Lady Neuberger) join his cabinet. Julia Babette Sarah Neuberger Baroness Neuberger, DBE (born 27 February[[ 950]] as Julia Schwab) is a Rabbi, social reformer and member of the After taking 24 hours to consult and consider, Campbell rejected the offer as unworkable, given the gulf between the parties on issues of foreign policy and civil liberties. Labour leaked news of the meeting to the media - allegedly in order to "spin" Brown's bipartisan credentials - and went behind Campbell to offer the job of Secretary of State for Northern Ireland to Ashdown anyway; Ashdown turned it down. In a Two-party system (such as in the United States) bipartisan refers to any bill, act, resolution, or any other action of a The Secretary of State for Northern Ireland is the chief minister in the Government of the United Kingdom with responsibilities for Northern Ireland [18]. Critics note that, since devolution, the role of Northern Ireland Secretary is essentially defunct (the incumbent, Shaun Woodward, doesn't receive a ministerial salary), lending weight to claims that the job offer was merely a media-relations exercise. Shaun Anthony Woodward MP (born 26 October 1958, Bristol) is a British politician Secretary of State for Northern Ireland Campbell was accused of naivety and tactical error by agreeing even to think about the proposal.

After intense speculation in the autumn of 2007, Gordon Brown announced there would be no General Election in 2007. Following this announcement, Campbell's leadership again came under question, with some in the party feeling that now the heat was off the time was ripe to get a younger leader potentially more capable of connecting with voters. On 15th October, after an acknowledgement by Campbell's deputy Vince Cable that Campbell's position was "under discussion", the party announced that Campbell would step down as leader. [19] [20]

Though his party leadership may have ended in failure, Campbell has retained the affection and respect of many in the House of Commons and is a strong candidate to replace Michael Martin as the Speaker of the House of Commons after the next election. Michael John Martin MP (born 3 July 1945 is the current Speaker of the House of Commons in the United Kingdom. Campbell stood previously for the position in 2000. [21]. Campbell is due to publish his memoirs in March 2008. A preview, giving a fascinating insight into the Kennedy resignation, has already been published [22].

Resignation of leadership

Campbell resigned as leader of the Liberal Democrats on 15 October 2007. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The announcement was made from the steps of Cowley Street by Party President Simon Hughes. Simon Henry Ward Hughes (born 17 May 1951) is a British politician and Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament for North Southwark Alongside him was deputy Leader Vincent Cable, and they praised Ming's leadership and said the party owed him a debt of gratitude. WikipediaManual of Style (biographies#Academic titles --> John Vincent Cable, known as Vince Cable In his letter of resignation, addressed to Hughes, Campbell stated: "It has become clear that following the Prime Minister’s decision not to hold an election, questions about leadership are getting in the way of further progress by the party". [23]

Cable became acting leader of the Liberal Democrats until a leadership election could be held. WikipediaManual of Style (biographies#Academic titles --> John Vincent Cable, known as Vince Cable The 2007 Liberal Democrats leadership election was held following the resignation of Sir Menzies Campbell as leader on 15 October 2007, after 19 months [24]

Beliefs

Campbell's political beliefs can be summarised as those of a moderate social liberal. Social liberalism, also called new liberalism (as it was originally termed high liberalism radical liberalism, modern liberalism, or Unlike Simon Hughes, his erstwhile leadership rival, Campbell's view is that the appropriate role of the state in the economy is limited to correcting market failures and funding essential public services: influenced by Treasury spokesperson Vincent Cable and Environment spokesperson Chris Huhne, Campbell has promoted radical policies to shift taxation away from ‘goods’ such as employment and towards ‘bads’ such as pollution, through a revenue-neutral restructuring of the tax system that maintains the current tax burden whilst lifting two-million low-paid individuals out of income tax altogether. Simon Henry Ward Hughes (born 17 May 1951) is a British politician and Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament for North Southwark Market failure is a concept within economic theory wherein the allocation of goods and services by a Free market is not efficient. Public services is a term usually used to mean services provided by Government to its Citizens, either directly (through the Public sector) or WikipediaManual of Style (biographies#Academic titles --> John Vincent Cable, known as Vince Cable Christopher Murray Paul Huhne, known as Chris Huhne, (born 2 July 1954 is a British Liberal Democrat politician and the current Member of Parliament [25]

Campbell's primary area of interest is acknowledged to be foreign policy: he strongly supports multilateral institutions such as the European Union and the United Nations, though argues that the former must reform to become more democratic and the latter must develop new mechanisms for dealing with humanitarian crises [26]. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security He has also been critical of the what he claims is “disproportionate military action” employed by the Israeli Defence Force in Gaza and in Lebanon, contending that Israel’s tactics exacerbate existing tensions and lead to human rights abuses. The Israel Defense Forces ( IDF) (צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, lit Gaza (غزة, עַזָּה ʕazzā is the largest city in the Gaza Strip and the Palestinian territories. Lebanon (ˈlɛbənɒn Arabic: ar لبنان Lubnān) officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic (ar الجمهورية اللبنانية Human rights refers to the "basic Rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled [27] Though a supporter of US-UK cooperation, Campbell has argued that the Bush-Blair relationship was one-sided and that the Labour government pursued it at the expense of Britain's standing in other international institutions, particularly the EU and UN. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. Anthony Charles Lynton "Tony" Blair (born 6 May 1953 is a British Politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to

Although never going so far as to advocate direct affirmative action policies (such as Labour’s all-woman shortlists), Campbell has stressed the need for the Liberal Democrats to provide extra support for female, disabled and ethnic minority candidates seeking to contest winnable seats. Affirmative action in the United States|Employment equity (Canada|Reservation in India|Numerus clausus The term affirmative action describes many policies aimed at a historically [28]

In July 2007, Campbell unveiled his radical new tax proposals. These amount to a large shift in the tax burden (certified as revenue-neutral by the non-partisan Institute for Fiscal Studies) away from low- and middle-income earners and onto higher-earners and pollution. This is to be implemented by cutting the basic rate of income tax from 20% to 16%, closing £13. 5bn of tax loopholes for high-earners and imposing larger green taxes on polluters. Campbell said of the proposals, "the unacceptable reality is that in Britain today the poorest pay a higher proportion of their income in tax than the super-rich" and that his aim was for "the rich and people with environmentally damaging lifestyles pay a fairer share".

Honours

Campbell was appointed CBE in the 1987 New Years Honours List; he became a Privy Counsellor in the 1998 New Year Honours; and he was honored with a knighthood [29] in the 2004 New Year Honours for "services to Parliament". The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British Order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. The British honours system is a means of rewarding individuals' personal bravery achievement or service to the United Kingdom. Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. The rank of Knight Bachelor is a part of the British honours system. The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories

Campbell has honorary degrees from Glasgow and Strathclyde universities. An honorary degree or a degree honoris causa ( Latin: 'for the sake of the honour' is an Academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding The University of Glasgow (Oilthigh Ghlaschu was founded in 1451 in Glasgow, Scotland and along with its contemporary institutions the University of St Andrews The University of Strathclyde (Oilthigh Srath Chluaidh is a university in Glasgow, Scotland. He was the only person nominated to succeed Sir Kenneth Dover after he retired as Chancellor of the University of St Andrews on 1 January 2006, so took office immediately after nominations closed on 9 January 2006. Sir Kenneth James Dover, FRSE, FBA (born March 11, 1920) is a distinguished British The Chancellor is the titular head of the University of St Andrews. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. He was installed as Chancellor on the 22 April 2006, at which time he also received the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Doctor of Laws ( Latin: Legum Doctor, LLD) is a Doctorate -level Academic degree in Law.

References

  1. ^ BBC News, Liberal Democrat leader resigns
  2. ^ Carlin, Brendan. "On your marks, Ming" - The London Daily Telegraph - 03/03/2006
  3. ^ Allan Wells page - at sporting-heroes. For "The Daily Telegraph" in Australia see The Daily Telegraph (Australia. net
  4. ^ Profile: Lady Campbell BBC News, 2 March 2006
  5. ^ Full text: Menzies Campbell's speech Guardian Unlimited,September 24, 2003
  6. ^ Lib Dem hopefuls clash over Iraq BBC News,9 February 2006
  7. ^ Ming Campbell elected Liberal Democrat leader Liberal Democrats, 2 March 2006
  8. ^ Prime minister's questions BBC News, 11 January 2006
  9. ^ Sir Menzies defending his record BBC News, 14 May 2006
  10. ^ This was Ming's day BBC News, 7 June 2006
  11. ^ MPs angry at 'unfair' extradition BBC News, 12 July 2006
  12. ^ End Israel arms export - Lib Dems BBC News, 24 July 2006
  13. ^ Kennedy receives popularity boost BBC News, 19 July 2006
  14. ^ Kennedy denies leadership reports BBC News, 30 July 2006
  15. ^ The dishonouring of St Andrews Times Online, 25 October 2006
  16. ^ It isn't just Bono's U2 who are talking through their hat about tax avoidance Guardian Unlimited, 22 October 2006
  17. ^ Khatami's UK visit to bring tirade from Iran Guardian Unlimited, 5 October 2006
  18. ^ Lib Dem anger over Brown tricks BBC News, 21 June 2007
  19. ^ Sir Ming warned as Lib Dems hunt poll boost Daily Telegraph
  20. ^ Lib Dem leader may face challenge as poll ratings drop Guardian
  21. ^ Commons Confidential Diary Tuesday 16th October BBC
  22. ^ Pre-publication of Memoirs in the Daily Mail Daily Mail
  23. ^ Campbell's website
  24. ^ Liberal Democrat leader resigns 15 October 2007
  25. ^ Lib Dems pledge to cut income tax BBC News, 8 June 2006
  26. ^ Full text: Sir Menzies Campbell's speech to the Lib Dem conference Guardian Unlimited, 19 September 2005
  27. ^ End Israel arms export - Lib Dems BBC News, 24 July 2006
  28. ^ Menzies Campbell's speech on liberal Britain Guardian Unlimited, 8 June 2006
  29. ^ Official announcement knighthood. The London Gazette. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the The London Gazette is one of the official journals of record of the British government, and the most important among such official journals in the UK in which certain 31 December 2003. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar.

External links

Offices held

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
Barry Henderson		Member of Parliament for North East Fife
1987 – present		Incumbent
Political offices
Preceded by
N/A		Lib Dem Foreign Affairs
1994 - 2006		Succeeded by
Michael Moore
Preceded by
Alan Beith		Deputy Leader of the British Liberal Democrats
2003–2006		Succeeded by
Vincent Cable
Preceded by
Charles Kennedy		Leader of the British Liberal Democrats
2006–2007		Succeeded by
Nick Clegg
Academic offices
Preceded by
Sir Kenneth Dover		Chancellor of the University of St Andrews
2006 – present		Incumbent
Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The University of St Andrews is the oldest University in Scotland and third oldest in the English-speaking world, having been founded between Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories James Stewart Barry Henderson, usually known as Barry Henderson (born 29 April 1936) was a Conservative member of the United Kingdom A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. North East Fife is a Constituency in Fife, Scotland, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom Results |} All parties gaining over 500 votes listed Campaign and policies The Conservatives' campaign emphasized lower taxes a strong economy and defence The Liberal Democrats are the third-largest Political party in the United Kingdom. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Michael Kevin Moore (born 3 June 1965) is a politician in the United Kingdom. Sir Alan James Beith (born 20 April 1943 The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the WikipediaManual of Style (biographies#Academic titles --> John Vincent Cable, known as Vince Cable Charles Peter Kennedy (born 25 November 1959 is a British politician. The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the Nicholas William Peter Clegg (born 7 January 1967 known as Nick Clegg, is Sir Kenneth James Dover, FRSE, FBA (born March 11, 1920) is a distinguished British The Chancellor is the titular head of the University of St Andrews.
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