| Menachem Mendel Schneersohn | ||
|---|---|---|
| Lubavitcher Rebbe | ||
 | ||
| Term | 1831-05-05 – 1866-03-17 OS | |
| Full name | Menachem Mendel Schneersohn | |
| Main work | Tzemach Tzedek | |
| Born | 1789-09-09 OS | |
| Liozna | ||
| Died | 1866-03-17 OS | |
| Lyubavichi | ||
| Buried | Lyubavichi | |
| Dynasty | Chabad Lubavitch | |
| Predecessor | Dovber Schneuri | |
| Successor | Shmuel Schneersohn | |
| Father | Shalom Shachna | |
| Mother | Devorah Leah (daughter of Shneur Zalman of Liadi) | |
| Wife | Chaya Mushka (daughter of Dovber Schneuri) | |
| Issue | Baruch Shalom Yehudah Leib of Kopys Chaim Shneur Zalman of Liadi | |
Menachem Mendel Schneersohn (1789-09-09 - 1866-03-17 OS) also known as the Tzemach Tzedek was an Orthodox rabbi and the third Rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Chabad Lubavitch chasidic movement. Year 1789 ( MDCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Year 1866 ( MDCCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger Old Style (or OS) and New Style (or NS) are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year Orthodox Judaism is the formulation of Judaism that adheres to a relatively strict interpretation and application of the laws and ethics first canonized Rabbi (pronunciation, although in English usually) in Judaism, means a religious ‘teacher’ or more literally ‘my great one’ when addressing any master Rebbe (רבי (pronounced in English which means master teacher or mentor is a Yiddish word derived from the identical Hebrew word Rabbi Chabad-Lubavitch is one of the largest Hasidic movements in Orthodox Judaism, and is based in the Crown Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn Hasidic Judaism (also Chasidic, etc from the Hebrew: he '''''חסידות''''', Chassidus, meaning "piety" from the Hebrew
Contents |
Biography
The Tzemach Tzedek was born in Liozna, on 29 Elul 5549. For the Hasidic group Liozna-Chabad see Shaul Shimon Deutsch. His mother Devorah Leah died just three years later, and her father Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi raised him as his own son. Shneur Zalman of Liadi ( שניאור זלמן מליאדי) ( September 4, 1745 – December 15, 1812 O He married his first cousin Chaya Mushka, daughter of Rabbi Dovber Schneuri. Dovber Schneuri ( 1773-11-13 - 1827-11-16 OS) was the second Rebbe (spiritual leader of the Chabad Lubavitch chasidic After his father-in-law/uncle's death, and a three-year interregnum during which he tried to persuade the hasidim to accept his brother-in-law Menachem-Nachum Schneuri or his uncle Chaim-Avraham Boruchovitch as their leader[1], he assumed the leadership of Lubavitch on the eve of Shavuot 5591 (1831-05-05 OS). Shavuot (or Shavuos, in Ashkenazi usage Hebrew: שבועות, lit Year 1831 ( MDCCCXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John
He was known as the Tzemach Tzedek ("Righteous Sprout" or "Righteous Scion"), after the title of a voluminous compendium of halakha (Jewish law) that he authored. Halakha ( הלכה; alternative transliterations include Halocho and Halacha) is the collective body of Jewish Religious law [2] He also authored Derech Mitzvotecha ("Way of Your Commandments"), a mystical exposition of the Mitzvos. He compiled major works of Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi for publication, including the Siddur Mi'Kol Ha'Shanah (commonly known as Siddur Im Dach), Likutei Torah and Torah Ohr. Shneur Zalman of Liadi ( שניאור זלמן מליאדי) ( September 4, 1745 – December 15, 1812 O A siddur ( Hebrew: סידור plural siddurim) is a Jewish Prayer book, containing a set order of daily prayers. He also authored a philosophical text entitled "Sefer Chakira: Derech Emuna" (Book of Philosophy: The way of Faith).
The Tzemach Tzedek had close ties with other Jewish leaders. In the course of his battle against the Haskalah in Russia, he forged a close alliance with Rabbi Yitzchak of Volozhin, a major leader of the misnagdim, which led to warmer relations between them and the hasidim. Haskalah ( Hebrew: השכלה "enlightenment" "education" from sekhel " Intellect " "mind") the Jewish Enlightenment Misnagdim or mitnagdim is a Hebrew word ( מתנגדים) meaning "opponents" [3]
According to Baruch Epstein, his father Rabbi Yechiel Michel Epstein spent six months under the Tzemach Tzedek's tutelage, and learned most of his mystical knowledge during that time. Rabbi Baruch Epstein or Baruch ha-Levi Epstein (1860-1941 ( Hebrew: ברוך הלוי אפשטיין) was a Lithuanian Rabbi, best Yechiel Michel Epstein (1829-1908 often called "the Aruch ha-Shulchan " (after his main work Aruch HaShulchan) was a Rabbi and Posek This story is disputed. [4]
His close friendship with professor I Berstenson, the Tsar's court physician often helped the delicate negotiation relating to the welfare of the community. [1]
He set up an organisation called Hevras Techiyas Hameisim to assist Jewish boy-soldiers who were being recruited and converted to Christianity by the Russian army. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings These soldiers known as Cantonists were taken away from the Jewish community to other villages. Cantonists ( Russian language: Кантонисты, the term adapted from Prussia for "recruiting district" were sons of Russian conscripts who Schneersohn arranged for his students to pay them regular visits to keep up their spirits and discourage them from converting. [1]
In 1844-45 he took steps to increase the enrollment and viability of the Chabad Yeshivas in Dubrovno and Kalisk, expanding their enrollment to around 600 students in total. Yeshiva or yeshivah (jəʃi'və ( Hebrew: ישיבה "sitting (n [1] Repeated attempts by the authorities to entrap him using informers such as Hershel Hodesh, Benjamin the Apostate and Lipman Feldman failed. [5]
He died in Lubavitch on 13 Nissan 5626, leaving seven sons and two daughters. Menachem Mendel Schneerson ( April 18 1902 – June 12 1994) known as The Rebbe, was a prominent Hasidic Rabbi 770 Eastern Parkway, is the street address of the central headquarters of the Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidic movement, located on Eastern Parkway in the The 19 Kislev ( י"ט כסלו) refers to the 19th day of the Jewish Month of Kislev. The Ohel is the name of a religious shrine in Queens New York, to which thousands of people make a pilgrimage each year The Central Chabad Lubavitch Library is the Library of Agudas Chasidei Chabad. The Crown Heights Riot was a three-day riot that occurred in August of 1991 in the Crown Heights neighborhood in the New York City borough of Brooklyn Bridge Shooting occurred March 1 1994. A van carrying 15 members of Chabad-Lubavitch Orthodox Jewish students were traveling on the Gimmel Tammuz, the third day of the month of Tammuz in the Hebrew calendar, is the Yom Hillula (anniversary of the passing of Rabbi Menachem Agudas Chassidei Chabad (Union of Chabad Chassidim or Association of Chabad Chassidim also known by its initials "Aguch" is the umbrella organization for the worldwide Chabad-Lubavitch Chabadorg is the flagship Website of the Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidic movement Kehot Publication Society and Merkos Publications the publishing divisions of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement were established in 1942 by the sixth Lubavitcher The Central Chabad Lubavitch Library is the Library of Agudas Chasidei Chabad. Gan Israel Camping Network is an umbrella term for a group of Jewish religious Summer camps affiliated with the Chabad-Lubavitch movement of Orthodox Jewish Released Time, also known as Sheloh (an abbreviation for Shi'urei Limud Hados (Classes for Learning the Religion is an organization promoting Released Contact Information Address 145 Montgomery Avenue Bala Cynwyd PA 19004 USA Phone 1-610-660-0190 The Jewish Children's Museum is the largest Jewish -themed children's Museum in the United States. The Rohr Jewish Learning Institute ( JLI) is the largest network of adult education classes in over 250 cities worldwide and a division of Merkos L'Inyonei Chinuch. Ohr Avner Foundation is a philanthropic foundation that was established in 1992 by the Israeli billionaire and emigre from the Colel Chabad is the oldest continuously operating charity of its kind in Israel. Merkos L'Inyonei Chinuch (lit Central Organization For Education is the central educational organization of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement Tzivos Hashem, was founded in 1981 by the Lubavitcher Rebbe and is today is the foremost worldwide organization serving the physical and spiritual needs of Jewish Vaad Rabonei Lubavitch is an executive committee of Chabad-Lubavitch Rabbis which oversees Halachic and Jewish legal decisions in Chabad Rabbi Hillel HaLevi Malisov of Paritch, commonly known as Reb Hillel Paritcher ( 1795 - 1864) was a famous Orthodox Jewish Chabad Rabbi Yehuda Chitrik ( August 28, 1899 &ndash February 14, 2006) was an author and Mashpia in the Chabad Rabbi Chaim Mordechai Aizik Hodakov ( 12 January 1902 – 23 April 1993) was the chief of staff of the secretariat of the Lubavitcher Yitzchok Horowitz, more commonly known as Reb Itche der Masmid, was a famous Orthodox Jewish Rabbi in pre-war Europe Rabbi Manis Friedman (born 1946) is a Chabad Lubavitch Hassid. Rabbi Yoel Kahn (or Kahan) is a senior Chabad rabbi Mashpia, Choizer and community leader Rabbi Yehuda Leib Groner (born 1932 was the secretary to the late Lubavitcher Rebbe Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson for over 40 years Chaya Mushka (Moussia Schneerson ( March 16, 1901 – February 10, 1988) referred to by Lubavitchers as The Rebbetzin was Rabbi Shemaryahu Gurary, also known by his Hebrew initials as The Rashag, (1898-1989 was an Orthodox Rabbi belonging to the Levi Yitzchak Schneerson, (1878-1944 was a Chabad Hasidic Rabbi in Yekatrinoslav, Ukraine. Rabbi Berel Lazar (born 1964 is an Orthodox Rabbi affiliated with the Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidic movement Rabbi Moshe J Kotlarsky is the Vice Chairman of the Merkos L'Inyonei Chinuch, the educational arm of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement Rabbi Chaim Yehuda (Yudel Krinsky (born 1933 is a Chabad Lubavitch Hasidic Rabbi. Shneur Zalman Moishe HaYitzchaki, usually known familiarly as Reb Zalman Moishe, (c Rabbi Nissan Neminov, known familiarly as Reb Nissan, was an Orthodox Jewish Rabbi. Herman Branover (born 1931 was born in Riga, Latvia. As a young scientist in Riga, Branover wrote philosophical essays questioning Atheism Rabbi Yehoshua Shneur Zalman Serebryanski, known familiarly as Reb Zalman, (Dec 1904- 1991-06-15) was an Orthodox Rabbi and Mashpia Crown Heights is a neighborhood in the central portion of the New York City Borough of Brooklyn. Kfar Chabad (כפר חב"ד lit Chabad Village) is a Chabad-Lubavitch village in central Israel. Hayom Yom ( Hebrew: היום יום, "Today is day." is a calendar for the Hebrew year of 5703 (1942-3 compiled by Rabbi Igrot Kodesh (literally "Holy Epistles" but more commonly known as "Letters of the Rebbe " is a collection of the seventh Rebbe of Lubavitch, Note Tanya Rabbati, a 16th century Italian code of Jewish law, is an unrelated work with a similar name Likkutei Sichos, lit "Collected Discourses" ( ליקוטי שיחות) is an anthology of essays relating to the weekly portion of the bible Torah Tehillat HaShem ("praise of God " in Hebrew) is the name of a prayer-book (known as a Siddur in Hebrew used for Jewish services in Shulchan Aruch HaRav ( Hebrew: "Code of Jewish Law by the Rabbi " also Shulkhan Arukh HaRav) is a codification of Halakha Bais Rivka (or Beth Rivkah) is the name used for the Bais Yaakov -type private girls' schools of the Chabad Lubavitch Hasidic movement Yeshiva Hadar Hatorah is one of the world's first Baal teshuva Yeshivas for men rediscovering their Jewish roots This article is about the high school in Melbourne. For other schools of the same name see Yeshiva College. Oholei Torah ("Tents of Torah " is the common name of the Lubavitch schools Educational Institute Oholei Menachem and Talmudical Seminary Tomchei Temimim is the central Yeshiva ( Talmudical academy of the Chabad -Lubavitch Hasidic movement Ohel Chana is an Orthodox Jewish girls' seminary on Balaclava Road in Melbourne Australia run by the Chabad-Lubavitch Yeshivah Gedolah Zal ( ישיבה גדולה זאל) Yeshivah Gedolah, The Rabbinical College of Australia and New Zealand, or colloquially Y Beth Rivkah Ladies College or Beth Rivkah Lubavitch is a single-sex girls' K-12 Orthodox Jewish day-school on Balaclava Road in The Rabbinical College of America is one of the larger Chabad Lubavitch Chasidic Yeshivas in the world Ohr Avner Chabad Day School refers to a network of Jewish day schools founded and supported by Israeli billionaire Lev Leviev, under the auspices of the Chabad Mayanot Institute of Jewish Studies is a Chabad-Lubavitch Yeshiva located in Makor Baruch, Jerusalem, Israel. Chabad Hasidic outreach is today the biggest organised phenomena in the Kiruv world Mitzvah Campaigns, or Mitvtzo'im ( Heb מבצעים) is a term coined by the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson A Chabad House is a centre for disseminating Orthodox Judaism by the Chabad movement A Mitzvah tank is a large vehicle usually a big Van, Travel trailer, Recreational vehicle or Campervan, sometimes even a Pickup truck The Tefillin Campaign refers to a campaign by Chabad Hassidim to influence all male Jews regardless of their level of religious observance to don the Tefillin (phylacteries The Noahide Campaign refers to a campaign by Orthodox Jews of the Chabad movement to influence all non-Jews to follow the Noahide Laws. The Letter in the Sefer Torah campaign is one of the Mitzvah campaigns initiated by the seventh Rebbe of Chabad, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson ChiTaS ( חת"ת) is a Hebrew acronym for Chumash (the five books of Moses) Tehillim ( Psalms) and Mashpia ( משפיע) lit "person of influence" pl Mashpi'im ( משפיעים) is the title of a Rabbi or Rebbetzin who Meiniach ( Heb מניח) lit "one who places" pl Meinichim ( Heb A Farbrengen (from the Yiddish פארברענגען, meaning "joyous gathering" is a Hasidic gathering Nusach Ari means in a general sense any prayer rite following the usages of Rabbi Isaac Luria, the AriZal, in the 16th century, and more particularly Choizer ( Heb חוזר) lit "one who reviews" pl choizrim ( Heb A Chabadnitze ( חב"דניצע) also known as a חדר שני ("second room" is a small side room required for a Chabad Synagogue Strashelye, is a branch of the Chabad school of Hasidic Judaism, named after the town Strashelye in the Mohilev Province of present-day Belarus The Kopuster Hasidic dynasty was based on the Chabad school of thought This article examines controversial issues involving the Chabad-Lubavitch movement. See also Chabad Chabad messianism, or Lubavitch messianism, is a term used to describe a spectrum of beliefs within the Chabad Hasidic Lyubavichi (Люба́вичи לובאוויטש Lyubavitsh) is a village in Rudnyansky District of Smolensk Oblast, Russia
Sons
The Tzemach Tzedek had seven sons. [6] They were:
1. Rabbi Baruch Shalom (1805-1869) never became a Rebbe. He led his life in a very humble way despite his greatness. His great-great-grandson is the Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, the seventh Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch. Menachem Mendel Schneerson ( April 18 1902 – June 12 1994) known as The Rebbe, was a prominent Hasidic Rabbi
2. Rabbi Yehuda Leib Schneersohn (Maharil) (1808-1866) settled in Kopust. The Kopuster Hasidic dynasty was based on the Chabad school of thought Kopys (Копысь) is an Urban-type settlement in the Vitebsk voblast, Belarus. A few months after the death of his father (and the brothers were not able to reach an agreement), he moved to Kopust as Rebbe. He died two months later. He had three sons:
- Rabbi Shlomo Zalman (1830-1900), who assumed his father’s position in Kopust. He left no worthy successor. He is the author of Magen Avos.
- Rabbi Shalom Duber (-1908) served as rabbi in Retzitza. He had a following after the death of his brother Rabbi Shlomo Zalman. He had no successor.
- Rabbi Shmaryahu Noach (1842-1924) was Rav in Babroisk. He had a following after the death of his brother Rabbi Shlomo Zalman. He and his son had a Yeshiva in Babroisk. Yeshiva or yeshivah (jəʃi'və ( Hebrew: ישיבה "sitting (n He is the author of Shemen La'maor. He had no successor.
3. Rabbi Chaim Schneur Zalman (1814-1880) was Rebbe in Lyady after his father, the Tzemach Tzedek died. He was succeeded by his son, Rabbi Yitzchak Duber (1835-1910) of Liadi, author of Siddur Maharid, and his son-in-law, Rabbi Levi Yitzchak (-1905) of Siratin, a scion of the Rebbe of Radzimin. 4. Rabbi Yisroel Noach (1815-1883) of Nizhyn, although officially a Rebbe, had only a small following. Nizhyn (Ніжин Нежин Nezhin) is a city located in the Chernihiv Oblast of northern Ukraine, along the Oster River, 150 km north-east
5. Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak (1822-1876) was a Rebbe in Ovruch. Ovruch (Овруч is a City in the Zhytomyr Oblast ( province) of northern Ukraine. He was compelled to do so by his father-in-law, Rabbi Yaakov Yisroel of Cherkas (son of Rabbi Mordechai of Chernobyl and son-in-law of the Mitteler Rebbe) against his father’s wishes. Rabbi Mordechai Twerski, known as the Maggid of Chernobyl, was the son of Rabbi Menachem Nachum Twerski of Chernobyl and the second rebbe Dovber Schneuri ( 1773-11-13 - 1827-11-16 OS) was the second Rebbe (spiritual leader of the Chabad Lubavitch chasidic
6. Rabbi Yaakov, although leaving descendants, died at quite a young age. Little is known about him.
7. Rabbi Shmuel (Maharash) (1834-1882) of Lubavitch, his youngest son succeeded him as the Rebbe of Lubavitch. [1]
Ohr Hatorah
Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson said of the Tzemach Tzedek's work "Ohr HaTorah" that it contains in it all the previous and future teachings of the Chabad Rebbes. Menachem Mendel Schneerson ( April 18 1902 – June 12 1994) known as The Rebbe, was a prominent Hasidic Rabbi [7]
External links
- A brief biography of Rabbi Menachem Mendel, the "Tzemach Tzedek"
- The Tzemach Tzedek and the Haskalah movement in hebrew
- The Tsemach Tzedek Family Tree
- The Complete Published Works of the Tzemach Tzedek (Hebrew)
Footnotes
- ^ a b c d e Encyclopedia of Hasidism, entry: Schneersohn, Menachem Mendel. Naftali Lowenthal. Aronson, London 1996. ISBN 1568211236
- ^ "Tzemach" (צמח) has the same gematria as "Menachem" (מנחם), and "Tzedek" (צדק) has the same as "Mendel" (מענדל). Gematria or gimatria ( Rabbinic Hebrew he גימטריה) is a system of assigning numerical value to an Alphabet. The original responsa Tzemach Tzedek were those of Menachem Mendel Krochmal. Menahem Mendel ben Abraham Krochmal (c 1600-1661 was a Moravian rabbi born in Cracow. Schneersohn's responsa are known as Shu"t Tzemach Tzedek Hachadashot, "the new Tzemach Tzedek responsa". Rabbi Menachem Mendil Hager, the first Viznhitzer Rebbe, called his commentary on the Torah Tzemach Tzadik (צמח צדיק), because he spelled his name with an extra yod (מענדיל). Vizhnitz is the name of a Hasidic dynasty founded by Rebbe Menachem Mendil Hager
- ^ The Tzemach Tzedek and the Haskalah Movement, Official Chabad history.
- ^ The claim is in Mekor Baruch, chapter 20. But see Mekor Baruch - Mekor Hakzavim by Yehoshua Mondshein.
- ^ Sefer HaToldos Rav Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn MiLubavitch, Glitzenstein, A. H.
- ^ The introduction to HaYom Yom, a book written by the Menachem Mendel Schneerson. Hayom Yom ( Hebrew: היום יום, "Today is day." is a calendar for the Hebrew year of 5703 (1942-3 compiled by Rabbi Sefer in simple Hebrew is a word that means any kind of " Book " (plural s'farim. Menachem Mendel Schneerson ( April 18 1902 – June 12 1994) known as The Rebbe, was a prominent Hasidic Rabbi
- ^ Sefer HaSichos 5752, Vol. 1, p. 6
| Preceded by Dovber Schneuri | Rebbe of Lubavitch 1831—1866 | Succeeded by Shmuel Schneersohn |
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic