The London Charterhouse is a former Carthusian monastery in London, England, to the north of what is now Charterhouse Square. The Carthusian Order, also called the Order of St Bruno, is a Roman Catholic religious order of enclosed monastics. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Charterhouse Square is a historic square in Smithfield, between Charterhouse Street and Clerkenwell Road. The building is formally known as Sutton's Hospital in Charterhouse, and is a registered charity. Since the dissolution of the monasteries in the 16th century the house has served as private mansion, a boys' school and an almshouse. The Dissolution of the Monasteries, sometimes referred to as the Suppression of the Monasteries, was the formal process between 1536 and 1541 by which Henry VIII disbanded Almshouses are charitable Housing provided to enable people (typically elderly people who can no longer work to earn enough to pay
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History
The Charterhouse was founded in 1371 by Walter de Manny, in Smithfield to the north west of the City of London. Walter De Manny 1st Baron Manny ( 1310-1372) soldier of fortune and founder of the Charterhouse, was a native of Hainaut, from whose counts Smithfield (also known as West Smithfield) is an area in the north-west part of the City of London, mostly known for its centuries-old meat market and its bloody history For London as a whole see the main article London. The City of London is a geographically It was set up near a 1348 plague pit where many victims of the Black Death were buried. The Black Death, or the Black Plague, was one of the deadliest Pandemics in human history widely thought to have been caused by a bacterium named Yersinia The twenty-five monks each had their own small building and garden. Thomas More came to the monastery for spiritual recuperation. Sir Thomas More (7 February 1478 – 6 July 1535 from 1935 Saint Thomas More, was an English Lawyer, author and statesman who in his lifetime gained The name is derived as an Anglicisation of La Grande Chartreuse, whose order founded the monastery[1].
Dissolution
The monastery was closed in 1537, in the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the English Reformation. The Dissolution of the Monasteries, sometimes referred to as the Suppression of the Monasteries, was the formal process between 1536 and 1541 by which Henry VIII disbanded The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time As it resisted dissolution the monastery was treated harshly: the Prior, John Houghton was hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn and ten monks were taken to the nearby Newgate Prison; nine of these men starved to death and the tenth was executed three years later at Tower Hill. Prior is a Title, derived from the Latin adjective for 'earlier first' with several notable uses Saint John Houghton was an English Catholic martyr Born sometime around 1486 he was (according to one of his fellow Carthusians educated at Cambridge but cannot To be hanged drawn and quartered was the penalty once ordained in England for the crime of High treason. History The village was one of two manors of the Parish of St Marylebone, which was itself named after the stream St Marylebone being For the prison in East Granby, Connecticut, see Old Newgate Prison. Tower Hill is an elevated spot north-west of the Tower of London, just outside the limits of the City of London in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. They constitute the group known as the Carthusian Martyrs. The Carthusian Martyrs were a group of monks of the London Charterhouse, the monastery of the Carthusian Order in central London who were put to death by the English state from
Post dissolution history
The site was subsequently used by Lord North and the Duke of Norfolk as a home. In 1558, while in the possession of Lord North, it was occupied by Queen Elizabeth I during the preparations for her coronation. Frederick North 2nd Earl of Guilford, KG, PC (13 April 1732 &ndash 5 August 1792 more often known by his courtesy title Lord North, which he used from A coronation is a ceremony marking the investiture of a Monarch with regal power specifically involving the placement of a crown upon his or her head and the Ricardo Ridolfi was arrested in the House and the Ridolfi plot of 1571 failed and was followed by the execution of Norfolk June 2, 1572. The Ridolfi plot was a Roman Catholic plot in 1570 to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I of England and replace her with Mary I of Scotland. Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks During this period the Bassano family of musicians, originally from Venice, also had some involvement with the house. Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the
James I held court here on his first entrance into London in 1603. James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625 was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James The Charterhouse was then in the hands of Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk (son of the executed Duke of Norfolk), but in May 1611 it came into those of Thomas Sutton (1532-1611) of Snaith, Lincolnshire. Admiral Thomas Howard 1st Earl of Suffolk, KG, PC (24 August 1561 – 28 May 1626 was a son of Thomas Howard 4th Duke of Norfolk by his second wife Thomas Sutton (1532 &ndash 1611 was a British civil servant and businessman as well as being the fouder of Charterhouse School. Snaith is a town in the East Riding of Yorkshire local government area of England. Lincolnshire (abbreviated Lincs) is a county in the east of England. He acquired a fortune by the discovery of coal on two estates which he had leased near Newcastle-on-Tyne, and afterwards, removing to London, he carried on a commercial career. Newcastle upon Tyne ( (often shortened to Newcastle) is a city and Metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, England In the year of his death, which took place on the 12 December 1611, he endowed a hospital on the site of the Charterhouse, calling it the hospital of King James; and in his will he bequeathed moneys to maintain a chapel, hospital (almshouse) and school. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian Almshouses are charitable Housing provided to enable people (typically elderly people who can no longer work to earn enough to pay The will was hotly contested but upheld in court, and the foundation was finally constituted to afford a home for eighty male pensioners (gentlemen by descent and in poverty, soldiers that have borne arms by sea or land, merchants decayed by piracy or shipwreck, or servants in household to the King or Queens Majesty), and to educate forty boys.
Charterhouse early established a reputation for excellence in hospital care and treatment, thanks in part to Henry Levett, M. Dr Henry Levett (1668 - 1725 was an early English Physician who wrote a pioneering tract on the treatment of Smallpox and served as chief physician at D. , an Oxford graduate who joined the school as physician in 1712. Levett was widely esteemed for his medical writings, including an early tract on the treatment of smallpox. Levett was buried in Charterhouse Chapel, and his widow remarried Andrew Tooke, the master of Charterhouse. [2][3]
The school, Charterhouse School, developed beyond the original intentions of its founder, and now ranks among the most eminent public schools in England. Charterhouse, originally Sutton's Hospital in Charterhouse, is a prominent boys independent or public school as they're known in Britain between In 1872 it was removed, during the headmastership (1863-1897) of the Rev. Year 1872 ( MDCCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1863 ( MDCCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common William Haig-Brown (d. 1907), to new buildings near Godalming in Surrey, which were opened on the 18 June in that year. Year 1907 ( MCMVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Godalming is a town in the Waverley district of the county of Surrey, England, seven kilometres (four miles south of Guildford. Surrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries Since then, the Fourths (students in their first year) visit the Old Charterhouse (two classes per Quarter) as part of their introduction to the school.
Modern history
The buildings were damaged in the Blitz but are now restored and some medieval and 16th Century fabric remains. The Blitz was the sustained bombing of Britain by Nazi Germany between 7 September 1940 and 10 May 1941 in World War II. Charterhouse School moved out in 1872, being replaced (till 1933) by the Merchant Taylors' School, but Charterhouse is still home to senior (male) citizens. Year 1872 ( MDCCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Merchant Taylors' School ( MTS) is a British boys' independent, Day school, originally located in the City of London, and since The pensioners still occupy their home. The school buildings on the site of the former monastic cloister eventually became the home of the St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical School, and remain (though now much redeveloped) one of the sites of its successor, Barts and The London, Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry. St Bartholomew's Hospital, also known as Barts, is a hospital in Smithfield in the City of London, England. The main part of the cloister garth continues to be a pleasant lawn in the quadrangle of the university site.
The main function of the Charterhouse, which has an annual income in excess of £3 million, is now as a home to 40 male pensioners, known as Brothers. The best known of recent residents was Simon Raven, the novelist. Simon Arthur Noël Raven (1927 - 2001 was an English Novelist, Essayist, Dramatist and Raconteur who in a writing career of forty
Visitor information
The Charterhouse itself may be visited by guided tour only (The Tour Information Line is 020 7251 5002). The tour, usually delivered by one of the elderly gentlemen residents, has been found interesting and pleasing by many visitors. The southern side of the outside is open to view from Charterhouse Square, which is publicly accessible. The university site is not open to visitors but may be glimpsed from the gates in the NE corner of Charterhouse Square or seen from the Charterhouse tour if it reaches the terrace on top of the former tennis court walkway along the side of the old cloister: this overlooks the entire quadrangle.
The nearest tube is Barbican but Farringdon tube and surface rail station is also close. Barbican is a London Underground and mainline rail station serving the Barbican Centre in the City of London, England. Farringdon station is a London Underground and National Rail station in Clerkenwell, just north of the City of London in the London Borough
Local government
Charterhouse was traditionally considered an extra-parochial area and eventually became a separate civil parish in its own right. In the United Kingdom, an extra-parochial area was an area considered to be outside any Parish. A civil parish in the United Kingdom is a unit of local government. In 1899 it was incorporated into the Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury, and since 1965 has been part of the London Borough of Islington. The Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury was a Metropolitan borough within the County of London from 1900 to 1965 when it was amalgamated with the Metropolitan Borough The London Borough of Islington ( is a London borough in North and Inner London.
References
External links
- Aerial photo of London Charterhouse. Other map and aerial photo sources.
- London Charterhouse
- Notable Old Carthusians
See also
The Carthusian Order, also called the Order of St Bruno, is a Roman Catholic religious order of enclosed monastics.Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic