The traditional abbreviations for U.S. states and territories were widely used in mailing addresses prior to the introduction of two-letter U.S. postal abbreviations. A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government The traditional abbreviations are still commonly used for other purposes (such as legal citation), and are still recognized (though discouraged) by the postal service. Legal citation is the legal writing practice of crediting and referring to authoritative documents and sources
Prior to 1987, when the U. Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) S. Secretary of Commerce approved the two-letter codes for use in government documents, the United States Government Printing Office (GPO) suggested a specific set of abbreviations, with some states being left unabbreviated. The United States Secretary of Commerce is the head of the United States Department of Commerce concerned with business and industry the Department states its mission to The Government Printing Office (GPO is an agency of the legislative branch of the United States federal government.
In addition, the AP Stylebook, the usage guide for most United States newspapers, counsels the use of abbreviations for most state names, when appended to a city name (for example, "Miami, Fla. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the "). AP suggests spelling out "Alaska," "Hawaii," and all state names with five or fewer letters; and, unlike the GPO, AP suggests spelling out the names of all non-state territories, with the exception of the District of Columbia (D. C. ). Legal citation manuals, such as the Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual, typically use these "traditional abbreviations" as well. Legal citation is the legal writing practice of crediting and referring to authoritative documents and sources The Bluebook A Uniform System of Citation, a Style guide, prescribes the most widely used Legal citation system in the United States. The ALWD Citation Manual is a Legal citation system for the United States compiled by the Association of Legal Writing Directors.
Below are listed the GPO abbreviations for U. S. states and territories; the AP abbreviations for states; and other abbreviations that are or have been commonly used.
| State or Territory | GPO | AP | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | Ala. Alabama (formally the State of Alabama;) is a State located in the southern region of the United States of America. | Ala. | |
| Alaska | Alaska | Alaska | Alas. Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent |
| American Samoa | A. American Samoa (Amerika Sāmoa or sm ''Sāmoa Amelika'' is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast S. | ||
| Arizona | Ariz. The State of Arizona ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. | Ariz. | |
| Arkansas | Ark. Arkansas ( is a state located in the southern region of the United States. | Ark. | A. R. |
| Canal Zone | C. The Panama Canal Zone (Zona del Canal de Panamá was a 553 square mile (1432 km² territory inside of Panama, consisting of the Panama Canal and an area generally Z. | ||
| California | Calif. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. | Calif. | Cal. |
| Colorado | Colo. The State of Colorado ( or chiefly by nonresidents) is a state located in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States of America. | Colo. | Col. |
| Connecticut | Conn. Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. | Conn. | |
| Delaware | Del. Delaware ( is a state located on the Atlantic Coast in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. | Del. | |
| District of Columbia | D. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D C. | D. C. | |
| Florida | Fla. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the | Fla. | Flor. |
| Georgia | Ga. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule | Ga. | |
| Guam | Guam | ||
| Hawaii | Hawaii | Hawaii | H. Guam ( Chamorro: cha Guåhån) officially the Territory of Guam, is an island in the western Pacific Ocean and is an organized unincorporated The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the I. |
| Idaho | Idaho | Idaho | Id. The State of Idaho ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States of America. or Ida. |
| Illinois | Ill. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. | Ill. | Ills. |
| Indiana | Ind. The State of Indiana ( was the 19th US state admitted into the union | Ind. | |
| Iowa | Iowa | Iowa | Ia. The State of Iowa ( is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States of America. |
| Kansas | Kans. Kansas ( is a Midwestern state in the central region of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the American " | Kan. | |
| Kentucky | Ky. The Commonwealth of Kentucky ( is a state located in the East Central United States of America. | Ky. | Ken. or Kent. |
| Louisiana | La. The State of Louisiana ( or, État de Louisiane, pronounced) is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America | La. | |
| Maine | Maine | Maine | Me. The State of Maine ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean |
| Maryland | Md. | Md. | |
| Massachusetts | Mass. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. | Mass. | |
| Michigan | Mich. Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. | Mich. | |
| Minnesota | Minn. Minnesota ( Native Americans demonstrated the name to early settlers | Minn. | |
| Mississippi | Miss. Mississippi ( is a state located in the Deep South of the United States | Miss. | |
| Missouri | Mo. Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee | Mo. | |
| Montana | Mont. Montana ( is a state in the Western United States. One-third of the state in the western part contains numerous mountain ranges (approximately 77 named of the northern | Mont. | |
| Nebraska | Nebr. Nebraska ( is a state located on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States and | Neb. | |
| Nevada | Nev. Nevada ( is a state located in the western region of the United States of America. | Nev. | |
| New Hampshire | N. New Hampshire ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. H. | N. H. | |
| New Jersey | N. New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. J. | N. J. | |
| New Mexico | N. New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. Mex. | N. M. | New M. |
| New York | N. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Y. | N. Y. | N. York |
| North Carolina | N. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States C. | N. C. | N. Car. |
| North Dakota | N. North Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern and Western regions of the United States of America. Dak. | N. D. | |
| Northern Mariana Islands | M. The Northern Mariana Islands, officially the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI is a commonwealth in Political union with the United P. | ||
| Ohio | Ohio | Ohio | O. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads |
| Oklahoma | Okla. Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. | Okla. | |
| Oregon | Oreg. Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. | Ore. | |
| Pennsylvania | Pa. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern | Pa. | Penn. or Penna. |
| Puerto Rico | P. Puerto Rico (ˌpwertoˈriko officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ("Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico" {{lang-en|"Associated Free State of Puerto Rico"}} R. | ||
| Rhode Island | R. Rhode Island ( officially named the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, is a state in the New England region of the United States I. | R. I. | |
| South Carolina | S. South Carolina ( is a state in the southern region ( Deep South) of the United States of America. C. | S. C. | S. Car. |
| South Dakota | S. South Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States of America. Dak. | S. D. | |
| Tennessee | Tenn. Tennessee ( is a state located in the Southern United States. | Tenn. | |
| Texas | Tex. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. | Texas | |
| Utah | Utah | Utah | |
| Vermont | Vt. The State of Utah (ˈjuːtɔː or) is a western state of the United States. Vermont ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. | Vt. | |
| Virginia | Va. The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state | Va. | |
| Virgin Islands | V. The United States Virgin Islands is a group of Islands in the Caribbean that are an Insular area of the United States. I. | U. S. V. I. | |
| Washington | Wash. Washington ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. | Wash. | |
| West Virginia | W. West Virginia ( is a state in the Appalachian Upland South, and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, bordered by Va. | W. Va. | W. V. |
| Wisconsin | Wis. Wisconsin ( or wɪˈskɑnsɨn (French Ouisconsin) is one of the fifty United States of America, located in the north central part of the United States | Wis. | Wisc. |
| Wyoming | Wyo. The State of Wyoming ( is a sparsely populated state in the western region of the United States. | Wyo. |