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In the sport of cricket, leg before wicket (LBW) is one of the ways in which a batsman can be dismissed. Sport is an Activity that is governed by a set of rules or Customs and often engaged in competitively Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries Mike Powell cricketerjpg|thumb|200px| Warwickshire batsman Mike Powell]] A batsman in the sport of Cricket is depending on context Any In the sport of Cricket, a dismissal occurs when the Batsman is out (also known as the fielding side taking a wicket and/or the batting side An umpire will rule a batsman out LBW under a complex series of circumstances (law 36 of the Laws of Cricket) that primarily include the ball striking the batsman's body (usually the leg) when it would otherwise have continued to hit the wicket. An umpire in Cricket (from the Old French Nompere meaning not equal i A cricket ball is a hard solid Ball used to play Cricket. Manufacture Cricket balls are made from a core of cork, which is layered In the sport of Cricket the word wicket has several distinct meanings Meanings of wicket Set of stumps Primarily the wicket

The LBW rule is designed to prevent a batsman simply using his body to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (and so avoid being bowled out) rather than using his bat to do so. A cricket bat is used by batsmen in the sport of Cricket. It is usually made of Willow wood

Despite the word leg in leg before wicket, the rule applies if the ball hits the batsman on any part of his body, except for the glove of a hand in contact with the bat (which is considered part of the bat). A glove ( Middle English from Old English glof) is a type of Garment (and more specifically a Fashion

Contents

Origins

LBW was not included in the 1744 version of the Laws of Cricket. The laws of cricket are a set of rules framed by the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC which serve to standardise the format of Cricket matches across the world to ensure It first appeared in the 1774 version, which stated: The STRIKER is out if. . . . . Or if the striker puts his leg before the wicket with a design to stop the ball, and actually prevent the ball from hitting his wicket by it [1].

While lbw was certainly introduced because of batsmen's deliberate use of the legs and feet to stop the ball hitting the wicket, early writers such as John Nyren [2] seem to have placed most of the blame for this deliberate act on Tom Taylor and Joey Ring. John Nyren (born 15 December 1764 at Hambledon Hampshire; died 30 June, 1837 in Bromley-by-Bow London) was an English Thomas (Tom Taylor (born 18 October 1753 at Ropley Hampshire; died April 1806 at Alresford, Hampshire was a famous English cricketer who played for the John "Little Joey" Ring (born 1758 at Darenth Kent; died 25 October 1800 at Bridge Kent was an English cricketer who played for Kent. However, their careers began after 1774 and, as Arthur Haygarth points out, it is "now impossible to reconcile these conflicting statements" [3]. Arthur Haygarth ( 4 August 1825 in Hastings, Sussex – 1 May 1903 in Pimlico, London) was a noted

LBW was not recorded as such for many years. In the Surrey versus England XIII match at Moulsey Hurst in August 1795, John Tufton was dismissed lbw by John Wells. Surrey county cricket teams have been traced back to the 17th century but the county's involvement in Cricket goes back much further than that In Cricket, the term All-England Eleven has been used for various non-international England teams since the 1739 English cricket season and it indicates Moulsey Hurst is located in what is now West Molesey, Surrey on the south bank of the River Thames above Molesey Lock. The Honourable John Tufton ( 23 November 1773 &ndash 27 May 1799 was a noted English Cricketer of the 1790s John Wells ( 5 January 1760, Wrecclesham, Surrey – 15 February 1835, Wrecclesham was a famous English Cricketer According to Haygarth: In this match, "leg before wicket" is found scored for the first time. In Britcher's printed score-book, Mr J. Samuel Britcher (date of birth unknown died c1805 probably in London) was a significant Cricket scorer and archivist who recorded the full scorecards of numerous Tufton is in this match put down as bowled merely, and the leg before wicket added in a note. Bowled is a method of dismissing a Batsman in the Sport of Cricket. At first, when any one was got out in this way, it was marked down as simply bowled, and the leg before wicket omitted [4].

Essence of the rule

The essence of the rule might be concisely stated as:
If the ball hits the batsman (without first hitting his bat or a hand holding the bat) when it was otherwise going to hit the wicket, then it is judged out LBW, unless:

Precise conditions for LBW

The "wicket to wicket" area important for the LBW rule is marked blue. For a right-handed batsman (standing in front of the three stumps (upright pieces of wood) at the far end of the picture), the area to the right of the blue in the picture is his leg side and his off stump is the stump on the left-hand edge of the blue area. For a left-handed batsman, who naturally faces the other way, his leg side is to the left of the blue area and his off stump is the one furthest to the right.
The "wicket to wicket" area important for the LBW rule is marked blue. For a right-handed batsman (standing in front of the three stumps (upright pieces of wood) at the far end of the picture), the area to the right of the blue in the picture is his leg side and his off stump is the stump on the left-hand edge of the blue area. For a left-handed batsman, who naturally faces the other way, his leg side is to the left of the blue area and his off stump is the one furthest to the right.

The conditions for a batsman to be given out LBW are:

  1. The ball must be legal : The ball must not be a no ball. In the Sport of Cricket a no ball is a penalty against the fielding team usually as a result of an illegal delivery by the bowler.
  2. The ball must not pitch on the leg side: The ball must either (a) pitch in line between wicket and wicket or on the off side of the wicket, or (b) not pitch at all before reaching the batsman. Therefore, any ball pitching on the leg side of the wicket should not result in the loss of a wicket by LBW even if the batsman has left the ball . To determine the relevant 'pitching zone', an imaginary line is drawn parallel to the long axis of the pitch from the leg stump.
  3. The ball must miss the bat : If the first contact the batsman has of the ball is hitting it with his bat, he should not be out LBW.
  4. The ball must intercept a part of the batsman's person : If the ball hits any part of the body, it is a potential candidate for LBW (ie. it need not hit the leg). The one exception is a hand or gloved hand in contact with the bat, which is considered part of the bat. For example, Sachin Tendulkar was famously given out LBW when, ducking under an expected bouncer, the ball actually hit his shoulder (Australia v India, 1999-2000, Adelaide, The Indian Second Innings).
  5. The ball must hit in line : The ball must hit the batsman in the region directly between the two wickets. An important exception is that, if the impact is outside the off stump, the batsman can be out LBW if he does not make a genuine attempt to play the ball (that is, if he does not "play a stroke"). If the impact is between wicket and wicket, the playing of a stroke is irrelevant.
  6. The ball must have been going to hit the wicket : If the ball's trajectory suggests that it would have missed the wicket had the batsman not been present, then he should not be out LBW.

There are three rules for the interpretation of these conditions: only the first interception of the ball by the body is considered; whether the ball would have pitched after interception is irrelevant; and the identities of the 'off side' and 'leg side' are to be determined by reference to the batsman's stance when the ball is delivered.

The exception to the fifth condition (ball must impact in line) involves the judgment of the umpire on whether the batsman has attempted to play a shot at the ball. It is designed to prevent batsmen from merely kicking the ball away outside the off stump, which provides no chance of giving up a catch off the bat. A common defensive tactic against spin bowlers is to use the leg pad to defend against balls on the off side, but the LBW rule means they must either have the bat placed near the pad, thus providing a chance for edging a catch to the slip fielders, or risk being ruled out LBW. In the Sport of Cricket, a slip fielder (collectively a slip cordon) is placed behind the Batsman on the Off side of the Some observers, such as Richie Benaud, have suggested that the LBW law be changed so that a batsman can be out if the ball pitches just outside the leg stump, thereby assisting legspinners and preventing negative pad-play. Richard "Richie" Benaud OBE (born October 6 1930 in Penrith New South Wales) is an Australian former Cricketer who since his retirement from

The LBW rule is always judged by the umpire at the bowler's end. If the fielding team believes a batsman may be out LBW, they must appeal to that umpire for a decision. In the Sport of Cricket, an appeal is the act of a player on the fielding team asking an umpire for a decision regarding whether a Batsman

All the LBW conditions must be assessed for the delivery, which takes around half a second to reach the batsman. As in other aspects of the rules, the batsman is always given the benefit of any doubt so, if an umpire is unsure, the appeal will be turned down. An example of this is if the batsman takes a step forward before the ball hits the batsman's leg. The ball might well have gone on to hit the wicket, but it is very difficult for the umpire to be certain of this, as the ball would have been 1. 5-2 metres in front of the wicket as it hit the batsman's leg.

With the benefit of television replays it is common to show whether or not all of the LBW conditions were satisfied, and thus some people complain that an umpire wrongly allowed a batsman to continue or wrongly gave him out. Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic However since the umpire should be certain that a batsman is out in order to give him out, and he has no benefit of television replay, the umpire's decision is usually appropriate. Most players and commentators acknowledge this and criticism of umpires is minimal.

The LBW decision is arguably the hardest the umpires have to make, and can be a source for commentary and controversy amongst the spectators. In recent years, with the increasing amounts of pressure and money at stake in cricket, several people have been campaigning for a larger role of cameras and simulation technology such as Hawk-Eye to aid the umpire in the uncertain cases. Hawk-Eye is a computer system used in Cricket, Tennis and other sports to visually track the path of the Ball and display a record of its actual For the moment, LBW remains a decision that falls solely under the purview of the on-field umpire. Change is in the air, however: in September 2005, the International Cricket Council (ICC) authorized a trial run of the use by umpires of television replays to aid in making the call (see external link below). The International Cricket Council (ICC is the international governing body of Cricket.

It is worth noting that a batsman can be out LBW if the ball hits the pad first and then goes on to hit the bat (a so-called pad-bat), but not in the case where the batsman hits the ball with the bat but the ball then goes on to hit his pad (a bat-pad). However, in both cases, a batsman runs the risk of being out caught, as the ball may ricochet off at a relatively low speed for a close fielder (such as silly mid on) to catch.

Should the ball hit the batsman on the full (i. e. , without hitting the pitch), then the umpire is to assume that the ball would have continued on its previous trajectory, ignoring any possible deviation as a result of the ball pitching.

Another good source of LBW information is http://www.blurtit.com/q598606.html

LBW (N)

LBW (N) was a term used to describe an alteration in the law of leg before wicket that was made by Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) on November 21, 1934. Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC is a private members' club founded in 1787 Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. It came into force in 1935 in England but was opposed by high-level authorities in Australia where it did not come into force until the 1936/1937 season, even though it was tried in club games in Australia during the 1935/1936 season.

The alteration consisted of permitting a ball pitched outside off stump to produce an LBW wicket if the batsman stopped it with any part of his person in a straight line between wicket and wicket. Previously, only a ball pitched in a straight line between the bowler's and the striker's wickets could yield an LBW dismissal.

The term "LBW (N)" referred to the fact that from 1935 to 1937, wickets under the new leg before wicket rule were distinguished in scorecards published by Wisden from those under the pre-1935 rule. Wisden Cricketers' Almanack (often referred to simply as Wisden or colloquially as "the Bible of Cricket" is by far the best

Background to LBW (N)

During the 1920s and 1930s, first-class cricket was characterised by the increasing dominance of the batsmen over the bowlers. The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. First-class cricket refers to the class of Cricket matches of three or more days scheduled duration between two sides of eleven players and officially adjudged first-class by In Australia, scoring during the 1920s were exceptionally high, with the world record score of 1,107 made by Victoria against New South Wales at the MCG in 1926/1927. In 1928, the average price of a wicket in county cricket exceeded 30 runs against the previous high of 27. County cricket is the highest level of domestic Cricket in England and Wales 5 in 1901. An attempt to counter scoring by allowing the LBW decision even if the batsmen played a stroke at the ball was partially successful in 1929 but a return to very high scoring and many drawn games in the 1930 Test matches showed this effect to be only momentary and the experiment had been abandoned by 1934. Test cricket is the longest form of the Sport of Cricket. It has long been considered the ultimate test of playing ability between cricketing nations

It was clear to authorities that improved pad play by batsmen like Herbert Sutcliffe and Phil Mead were responsible for the high scores and excessive numbers of drawn games. Herbert William Sutcliffe (born November 24, 1894, Summerbridge Harrogate, Yorkshire, England; died January 22 "Philip Mead" redirects here Philip Mead is also the fictional President of the United States in the year 2052 in the Video game Deus Ex Thus, the idea of preventing batsmen using their legs to pad away balls outside the off stump was seen as a means not only of countering pad play, but also to discouraging fast "bodyline" bowling outside leg stump through rewarding bowlers who attacked the off stump, thus encouraging attractive off-side strokes. Fast bowling, sometimes known as pace bowling, is one of the two main approaches to bowling in the Sport of Cricket. For information about the British code name "Bodyline" for the WWII V-2 rocket, see Operation Crossbow. Much deliberation took place in 1934, and it was generally agreed that an extension of the LBW law on the off-side might reduce defensive pad play. Some people, such as Harold Larwood, argued for the permission of an LBW wicket to any ball pitched outside off stump even if the batsman's legs were also outside off stump - which has been put into place in some measure since 1970. Harold Larwood ( November 14, 1904 - July 22, 1995) was an English Cricket player an extremely quick and accurate fast Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

References

  1. ^ Arthur Haygarth, Scores & Biographies, Volume 1 (1744-1826), Lillywhite, 1862, page 16-17
  2. ^ Ashley Mote, John Nyren's "The Cricketers of my Time", Robson, 1998
  3. ^ Scores & Biographies, Volume 1, page 23
  4. ^ Scores & Biographies, Volume 1, page 191

See also

External sources

Dictionary

leg before wicket

-adjective

  1. (cricket) Describing the way of getting out in which the ball would have hit the batsman's wicket, but hits the batsman's pads instead (without first hitting the bat); abbreviated as LBW.

-noun

  1. (cricket) A wicket that fell due to LBW.
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