Knoxville, Tennessee
Seal
Nickname: The Marble City, K-Town, Big Orange Country, 865, Rocky Top, Knoxvegas
Location within the U.S. State of Tennessee. A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government Tennessee ( is a state located in the Southern United States.
Coordinates: 35°58′22″N 83°56′32″W / 35.97278, -83.94222
Country	United States
State	Tennessee
County	Knox
Settled	1786
Incorporated	1791
Government
- Type	Mayor-council government
- Mayor	Bill Haslam
Area [1]
- Total	98. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically Tennessee ( is a state located in the Southern United States. ImageTennessee_population_mappng|450px|right|poly 4 198 64 199 68 156 62 154 61 153 56 153 53 155 27 153 23 157 24 162 18 163 18 169 25 171 25 175 22 177 24 182 19 180 16 182 13 190 6 Knox County is a county in the US state of Tennessee. Its 2007 population was estimated at 423874 by the United States Census Bureau The Mayor-Council government system sometimes called the Mayor-Commission government system is one of two variations of Government used for the most part in modern A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Bill Haslam (born 1958 is the Mayor of Knoxville Tennessee. Although Knoxville's mayoral elections are nominally Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 09 sq mi (254. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 0 km²)
- Land	92. To help compare sizes of different geographic regions we list here Areas between 10 km² (1000 Hectares and 100 km² (10000 hectares 66 sq mi (240. 0 km²)
- Water	5. 43 sq mi (14. 1 km²)  5. 5%
Elevation [1]	936 ft (276 m)
Population (2000)[2]
- Total	173,890
- Density	1,876. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 7/sq mi (724. 6/km²)
Time zone	EST (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
Area code(s)	865
FIPS code	47-40000[3]
GNIS feature ID	1648562[4]
Website: www.cityofknoxville.org

Founded in 1786, Knoxville is the third-largest city in the state of Tennessee, behind Memphis and Nashville, and is the county seat of Knox County^[5]. The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during Daylight saving time ( DST The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−4 is the Time offset used in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone in Canada in winter and the North American Eastern Time Zone during A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout Tennessee ( is a state located in the Southern United States. Memphis is a City in the southwest corner of Tennessee, and the County seat of Shelby County. A county seat is a term for an Administrative center for a County, primarily used in the United States. Knox County is a county in the US state of Tennessee. Its 2007 population was estimated at 423874 by the United States Census Bureau It is also the principal city of the "Knoxville Metropolitan Area" which is included in the "Knoxville-Sevierville-La Follette Combined Statistical Area". Knoxville Metropolitan Area is the third largest Metropolitan Statistical Area in Tennessee. Sevierville (səˈvɪərvɪl is a city in Sevier County Tennessee, located in the Southeastern United States La Follette is a city in Campbell County, Tennessee, United States. Table of United States Combined Statistical AreasThe United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB defines micropolitan and metropolitan statistical areas. As of the 2000 United States Census, Knoxville had a total population of 173,890 with a metro population of 655,400. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology

Of Tennessee's four major cities, Knoxville is second oldest to Nashville, which was founded in 1779. After Tennessee's admission into the Union in 1796, Knoxville was the state's first capital, in which capacity it served until 1819, when the capital was moved to Murfreesboro, prior to Nashville receiving the designation. Murfreesboro is a city in and the County seat of Rutherford County, Tennessee, United States. The city was named in honor of the first Secretary of War, Henry Knox. The Secretary of War was a member of the United States President's Cabinet, beginning with George Washington 's administration Henry Knox ( July 25, 1750 &ndash October 25, 1806) was an American Bookseller from Boston who became the chief

One of Knoxville's nicknames is The Marble City. ^[6] In the early 20th century, a number of quarries were active in the city, supplying Tennessee pink marble (actually Ordovician limestone of the Holston Formation) to much of the country. The twentieth century of the Common Era began on Marble is a nonfoliated Metamorphic rock resulting from the Metamorphism of Limestone, composed mostly of Calcite (a crystalline form of The Ordovician is a geologic period and system, the second of six of the Paleozoic era, and covers the time between 488 Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 The Holston Formation, alternately known as the Holston Limestone is a Stratigraphic unit of Ordovician age within the Chickamauga Notable buildings such as the National Gallery of Art in Washington are constructed of Knoxville marble. This article is about the National Gallery of the United States for other National Galleries see National Gallery. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D The National Gallery's fountains were turned by Candoro Marble Company, which once ran the largest marble lathes in the United States.

Knoxville was once also known as the Underwear Capital of the World. In the 1930s, no fewer than 20 textile and clothing mills operated in Knoxville, and the industry was the city's largest employer. In the 1950s, the mills began to close, causing an overall population loss of 10% by 1960.

Knoxville is also the home of the University of Tennessee's primary campus (UTK). The University of Tennessee (also known as UT) sometimes called the University of Tennessee Knoxville ( UT Knoxville, or UTK) is the flagship The university's sports teams, called the "Volunteers" or "Vols," are extremely popular in the surrounding area. In recognition of this popularity, the telephone area code for Knox County and eight adjacent counties is 865 (VOL). A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area Code 865 is an Area code in the US state of Tennessee. It consists of Knox County and the other eight central East Tennessee Knoxville is also the home of the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame, almost entirely thanks to the popularity of Pat Summitt and the University of Tennessee women's basketball team. Pat Head Summitt (born Patricia Sue Head on June 14, 1952 in Clarksville, Tennessee) is the head coach of the The Tennessee Lady Volunteers basketball team is one of the most prominent teams in U

As of 2007, the current mayor is Bill Haslam, who defeated Madeline Rogero in 2003. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Bill Haslam (born 1958 is the Mayor of Knoxville Tennessee. Although Knoxville's mayoral elections are nominally The previous mayor of sixteen years, Victor Ashe, was named United States Ambassador to Poland in June 2004. Victor Henderson Ashe II (born January 1 1945 is the current United States Ambassador to Poland. This article contains several lists of Ambassadors from the United States. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Ashe was term-limited and could not serve another term.

History

Early history

The first humans to form substantial settlements in what is now Knoxville arrived during the Woodland period (c. 1000 B. C. - 1000 A. D). ^[7] One of the oldest man-made structures in Knoxville is a burial mound constructed during the early Mississippian period (c. The Mississippian culture was a mound-building Native American culture that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern 1000 A. D. ). The mound is located on the University of Tennessee campus. ^[8] Other prehistoric sites include an Early Woodland habitation area at the confluence of the Tennessee River and Knob Creek (near the Knox-Blount county line),^[9] and Dallas phase Mississippian villages at Post Oak Island (also along the river near the Knox-Blount line),^[10] and at Bussell Island (at the mouth of the Little Tennessee River near Lenoir City). The Little Tennessee River is a tributary of the Tennessee River, approximately 135 miles (217 km long in the Appalachian Mountains in the southeastern ^[11]

By the 18th century, the Cherokee had become the dominant tribe in the East Tennessee region, although they were consistently at war with the Creeks and Shawnee. The Cherokee (ᎠᏂᏴᏫᏯ a-ni-yv-wi-ya, in the Cherokee language) are a people native to North America, who at the time of European contact The Shawnee, or Shaawanwaki, Shaawanooki and Shaawanowi lenaweeki, are a people native to North America. ^[12][13] The Cherokee people called the Knoxville area kuwanda'talun'yi, which means "Mulberry Place. "^[14] Most Cherokee habitation in the area was concentrated in the Overhill settlements along the Little Tennessee River, southwest of Knoxville. The term Overhill Cherokee refers to the former Cherokee settlements located in what is now Tennessee in the southeastern United States The Little Tennessee River is a tributary of the Tennessee River, approximately 135 miles (217 km long in the Appalachian Mountains in the southeastern

The first Euro-American traders and explorers arrived in the Tennessee Valley in the late 1600s, although there is significant evidence that Hernando De Soto visited the Bussell Island site in 1540. Hernando de Soto ( Jerez de los Caballeros, Badajoz, Spain, c ^[15] The first major recorded Euro-American presence in the Knoxville area was the Henry Timberlake expedition, which passed through the confluence of the Holston and French Broad into the Tennessee River in December of 1761. Henry Timberlake (1730 - September 30 1765 was a Colonial American officer, Journalist, and Cartographer. Timberlake, who was en route to the Overhill settlements along the Little Tennessee River, recalled being pleasantly surprised by the deep waters of the Tennessee after having struggled down the relatively shallow Holston for several weeks. ^[16]

Settlement

The home of James White in Downtown Knoxville

The end of the French and Indian War and confusion brought about by the American Revolution led to a drastic increase in Euro-American settlement west of the Appalachians. The French and Indian War (1754&ndash1763 was the North American chapter of the Seven Years' War. In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" ^[17] By the 1780s, Euro-American settlers were already established in the Holston and French Broad valleys. Since the Cherokee had not ceded this land, however, most of these settlers were in the valley illegally. The U. S. Congress ordered all illegal settlers out of the valley in 1785, but with little success. As settlers continued to trickle into Cherokee lands, tensions between the settlers and the Cherokee rose steadily. ^[18]

In 1786, James White, a Revolutionary War officer, and his friend James Connor built White's Fort near the mouth of First Creek, on land White had purchased three years earlier. James White ( August 8, 1747 &ndash August 14, 1821) was an American pioneer and soldier who founded White's Fort, In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" White's Fort, also known as James White's Fort, was an 18th century settlement that became Knoxville Tennessee, in the United States. ^[19] In 1790, White's son-in-law, Charles McClung— who had arrived from Pennsylvania the previous year— surveyed White's holdings between First Creek and Second Creek for the establishment of a town. McClung drew up 64 0. 5-acre (0. 0020 km²) lots, with the waterfront set aside for a town common, two lots were set aside for a church and cemetery, and four lots were set aside for a school (the school— eventually chartered as Blount College— was the basis for the University of Tennessee). That same year, President George Washington appointed North Carolina surveyor William Blount governor of the newly-created Territory South of the River Ohio. George Washington (February 22 1732 December 14 1799 served as the first President of the United States of America (1789&ndash1797 and led the William Blount, ( March 26, 1749 ( OS)/ April 6, 1749 (NS – March 21, 1800) was a United States The Southwest Territory, formally known as the Territory South of the River Ohio, was a historic Organized territory of the United States corresponding

One of Blount's first tasks was to meet with the Cherokee and establish territorial boundaries and resolve the issue of illegal settlers. ^[20] This he accomplished almost immediately with the Treaty of Holston, which was negotiated and signed at White's Fort in 1791. The Treaty of Holston was signed by William Blount, governor in and over the territory of the United States south of the Ohio River, and superintendent Blount originally wanted to place the territorial capital at the confluence of the Clinch River and Tennessee River (now Kingston), but when the Cherokee refused to cede this land, Blount chose White's Fort, which McClung had surveyed the previous year. The Clinch River rises in Southwest Virginia and flows southwest through the Great Appalachian Valley, gathering various tributaries including the Kingston is a city in and the County seat of Roane County, Tennessee, United States, and is adjacent to Watts Bar Lake. Blount named the new capital Knoxville after Revolutionary War general and Secretary of War Henry Knox, who at the time was Blount's immediate superior. Henry Knox ( July 25, 1750 &ndash October 25, 1806) was an American Bookseller from Boston who became the chief ^[21]

Problems immediately arose from the Holston Treaty. Blount believed that he had "purchased" much of what is now East Tennessee when the treaty was signed in 1791. However, the terms of the treaty came under dispute, culminating in continued violence on both sides. In 1792, 200 Cherokee lead by John Watts marched on Knoxville, and a second group of Cherokee attacked Covet's Station in 1793. Both attacks were repelled by Knoxville settlers. Knoxville settlers attacked the Cherokee several times as well. When the government invited the Cherokee's chief Hanging Maw for negotiations in 1793, Knoxville settlers attacked the Cherokee against orders, killing the chief's wife. Peace was renegotiated in 1794. ^[22]

Antebellum Knoxville

The Craighead-Jackson House in Knoxville, built in 1818

Knoxville served as capital of the Territory South of the River Ohio and as capital of Tennessee (admitted as a state in 1796) until 1817,^[23] when the capital was moved to Murfreesboro. Murfreesboro is a city in and the County seat of Rutherford County, Tennessee, United States. Early Knoxville has been described as an "alternately quiet and rowdy river town. "^[24] Early issues of the Knoxville Gazette— the first newspaper published in Tennessee— are filled with accounts of murder, theft, and hostile Cherokee attacks. The Knoxville Gazette was the first Newspaper published in the U Abishai Thomas, a friend of William Blount, visited Knoxville in 1794 and wrote that while he was impressed by the town's modern frame buildings, the town had "seven taverns" and no church. ^[25]

Knoxville initially thrived as a way station for travelers and migrants heading west. Its situation at the confluence of three major rivers in the Tennessee Valley brought flatboat and later steamboat traffic to its waterfront in the first half of the 19th-century, and Knoxville quickly developed into a regional merchandising center. A Flatboat is a rectangular boat with a flat bottom and square ends used to transport Freight and passengers on inland Waterways The flatboat could be any A steamboat or steamship, sometimes called a steamer, is a ship in which the primary method of propulsion is steam power, typically driving a Propeller Local agricultural products— especially tobacco, corn, and whiskey— were traded for cotton, which was grown in the Deep South. ^[26] The population of Knoxville more than doubled in the 1850s with the arrival of the East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad in 1855. ^[27]

Among the most prominent citizens of Knoxville during the Antebellum years was James White's son, Hugh Lawson White (1773-1840). Hugh Lawson White ( October 30, 1773 – April 10, 1840) was a prominent American Politician during the first third White first served as a judge and state senator before being nominated by the state legislature to replace Andrew Jackson in the U. Andrew Jackson (March 15 1767 June 8 1845 was the seventh President of the United States (1829&ndash1837 S. Senate in 1825. In 1836, White ran unsuccessfully for president, representing the Whig Party. ^[28]

The U. S. Civil War

The site of Fort Dickerson in South Knoxville

Main article: Knoxville Campaign

Anti-slavery and anti-secession sentiment ran high in East Tennessee in the years leading up to the U.S. Civil War. The Knoxville Campaign was a series of American Civil War battles and maneuvers in East Tennessee during the fall of 1863 Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South William "Parson" Brownlow, the radical publisher of the Knoxville Whig, was one of the region's leading anti-secessionists (although he defended the practice of slavery). William Gannaway Brownlow ( August 29, 1805 April 29, 1877) was Governor of Tennessee from 1865 to 1869 and a Senator The Knoxville Whig was a Knoxville Tennessee paper begun by William G ^[29] Blount County, just south of Knoxville, had developed into a center of abolitionist activity, due in part to its relatively large Quaker faction and the anti-slavery president of Maryville College, Isaac Anderson. This article is about Maryville College in Maryville Tennessee ^[30] The Greater Warner Tabernacle AME Zion Church, Knoxville was reportedly a station on the underground railroad. The Greater Warner Tabernacle AME Zion Church is a historic church congregation presently located in a building at 3800 Martin Luther King Jr The Underground Railroad was an informal network of secret routes and Safe houses used by 19th century Black slaves in the United States ^[31] Business interests, however, guided largely by Knoxville's trade connections with cotton-growing centers to the south, contributed to the development of a strong pro-secession movement within the city. The city's pro-secessionists included among their ranks Dr. J. G. M. Ramsey, a prominent historian whose father had built the Ramsey House in 1797. The Ramsey House is a two-story stone house in Knox County, Tennessee. Thus, while East Tennessee and greater Knox County voted decisively against secession in 1861, the city of Knoxville favored secession by a 2-1 margin. ^[32]

In July of 1861, after Tennessee had joined the Confederacy, General Felix Zollicoffer arrived in Knoxville as commander of the District of East Tennessee. The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 Felix Kirk Zollicoffer ( May 19, 1812 &ndash January 19, 1862) was a newspaperman three-term United States Congressman from While initially lenient toward the city's Union sympathizers, Zollicoffer instituted martial law in November of that year after Union guerillas destroyed seven of the city's bridges. During the American Civil War, the Union was a name used to refer to the federal government of the United States, which was supported by the twenty-three The command of the district passed briefly to George Crittenden and then to Kirby Smith, the latter of whom launched a failed invasion of Kentucky in August of 1862. George Bibb Crittenden ( March 20, 1812 &ndash November 27, 1880) was a career U Edmund Kirby Smith (May 16 1824 – March 28 1893 was a career United States Army officer an educator and a general in the Confederate Army during In early 1863, General Simon Buckner took command of Confederate forces in Knoxville. Simon Bolivar Buckner may refer to Simon Bolivar Buckner Sr (1823&ndash1914 Confederate general during the American Civil War Simon Bolivar Anticipating a Union invasion, Buckner fortified Fort Loudon (in West Knoxville, not to be confused with the colonial fort to the southwest) and began constructing earthworks throughout the city. Fort Loudoun was a Colonial American Fort in present-day Monroe County Tennessee, near the towns of the Overhill Cherokee. The approach of Union forces under Ambrose Burnside in the Summer of 1863, however, forced Buckner to evacuate Knoxville before the earthworks were completed. Ambrose Everett Burnside (May 23 1824 September 13 1881 was an American soldier railroad executive inventor industrialist and politician from Rhode Island, ^[33]

Burnside arrived in Knoxville in early September of 1863. Like the Confederates, he immediately began fortifying the city. The Union forces rebuilt Fort Loudon and erected 12 other forts and batteries flanked by entrenchments around the city. Burnside moved a pontoon bridge upstream from Loudon, allowing Union forces to cross the river and build a series of forts along the heights of South Knoxville, including Fort Stanley and Fort Dickerson. Loudon is a city in and the County seat of Loudon County, Tennessee, United States. ^[34]

As Burnside was fortifying Knoxville, the Confederate army defeated Union forces at the Battle of Chickamauga (near the Tennessee-Georgia line) and subsequently laid siege to Chattanooga. Initial movements in the Chickamauga Campaign In his successful Tullahoma Campaign in the summer of 1863 Rosecrans moved southeast from Murfreesboro Tennessee On November 3, 1863, the Confederates dispatched General James Longstreet north to attack Burnside at Knoxville. James Longstreet (January 8 1821 &ndash January 2 1904 was one of the foremost Confederate Generals of the American Civil War and the principal subordinate Longstreet initially wanted to attack the city from the south, but lacking the means to carry the necessary pontoon bridges, he was forced to cross the river further downstream at Loudon (November 14) and march against the city's heavily-fortified western section. On November 15, General Joseph Wheeler unsuccessfully attempted to dislodge Union forces in the heights of South Knoxville, and the following day Longstreet failed to cut off retreating Union forces at Campbell's Station (now Farragut). Joseph Wheeler ( September 10 1836 – January 25 1906) was an American military commander and politician The Battle of Campbell's Station was a battle of the Knoxville Campaign of the American Civil War, occurring on November 16, 1863, at Campbell's On November 18, General William P. Sanders was mortally wounded while conducting delaying maneuvers west of Knoxville, and Fort Loudon was renamed Fort Sanders in his honor. William Price Sanders ( August 12, 1833 &ndash November 19, 1863) was an officer in the Union Army in the American Civil War On November 29, after a two-week siege, the Confederates attacked Fort Sanders, but retreated after a fierce 20-minute engagement. On December 4, after word of the Confederate setback at Chattanooga reached Longstreet, Longstreet abandoned his attempts to take Knoxville and retreated into winter quarters at Russellville. The Third Battle of Chattanooga (popularly known as The Battle of Chattanooga, and including the Battle of Lookout Mountain and the Battle of Russellville is the sixth oldest settlement in the state of Tennessee, United States. He rejoined the Army of Northern Virginia the following Spring. The Army of Northern Virginia was the primary military force of the Confederate States of America in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. ^[35]

Reconstruction and the Industrial Age

St. John's Cathedral, built in the 1890s

After the war, northern investors such as the brothers Joeseph and David Richards helped Knoxville recover relatively quickly. St John's Cathedral is the Cathedral church of the Episcopal Diocese of East Tennessee. Joseph and David Richards convinced 104 Welsh immigrant families to migrate from the Welsh Tract in Pennsylvania to work in a rolling mill then co-owned by John H. In the 2000 Census 175 million Americans reported Welsh ancestry, 0 The Welsh Tract, also called the Welsh Barony, was a portion of the U The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern Jones. These Welsh families settled in an area now known as Mechanicsville. Mechanicsville is a neighborhood in Knoxville, Tennessee. Historically the name refers to the oldest portion of the neighborhood nearest downtown Knoxville The Richards brothers also co-founded the Knoxville Iron Works beside the L&N Railroad, also employing Welsh workers. Later the site would be used as the grounds for the 1982 World's Fair. The 1982 World's Fair was held in Knoxville, Tennessee, in the United States.

Other companies that sprang up during this period were Knoxville Woolen Mills, Dixie Cement, and Woodruff's Furniture. Between 1880 and 1887, 97 factories were established in Knoxville, most of them specializing in textiles, food products, and iron products. ^[36] By the 1890s, Knoxville was home to more than 50 wholesaling houses, making it the third largest wholesaling center by volume in the South. ^[37] The Candoro Marble Works, established in the community of Vestal in 1914, became the nation's foremost producer of pink marble and one of the nation's largest marble importers. ^[38]

In 1869, Thomas Hughes, a Union-sympathizer and president of East Tennessee University, secured federal wartime restitution funding and state-designated Morrill Act funding to expand the college, which had been occupied by both armies during the war. ^[39] In 1879, the school changed its name to the University of Tennessee, hoping to secure more funding from the Tennessee state legislature. Charles Dabney, who became president of the university in 1887, overhauled the faculty and established a law school in an attempt to modernize the scope of the university. ^[40]

The post-war manufacturing boom brought thousands of immigrants to the city. The population of Knoxville grew from around 5,000 in 1860 to 32,637 in 1900. West Knoxville was annexed in 1897, and over 5,000 new homes were built between 1895 and 1904. ^[41]

In 1901, train robber Kid Curry (whose real name was Harvey Logan), a member of Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch was captured after shooting two deputies on Knoxville's Central Avenue. Harvey Logan, (1867 - June 17, 1904) also known as Kid Curry, was a notorious Outlaw and gunman who ran with Butch Cassidy Butch Cassidy ( 13 April 1866 – circa November 1908 born Robert LeRoy Parker, was a notorious train robber Bank robber The Wild Bunch, also known as the Doolin&ndashDalton Gang, was one of the names of a group of outlaws based in the Indian Territory, that terrorized Kansas He escaped from the Knoxville Jail and rode away on a horse stolen from the sheriff.

The Progressive Era and the Great Depression

Kingston Pike, circa 1910.

The growing city of Knoxville hosted the Appalachian Exposition in 1910 and again in 1911, and the National Conservation Exposition in 1913. The latter is sometimes credited with giving rise to the movement to create a national park in the Great Smoky Mountains, some 20 miles (32 km) south of Knoxville. A national park is a reserve of land usually declared and owned by a national Government, protected from most Human development and pollution ^[42] Around this time, a number of affluent Knoxvillians began purchasing summer cottages in Elkmont, and began to pursue the park idea more vigorously. Elkmont was a former Community in the Great Smoky Mountains of eastern Tennessee, located in the Southeastern United States. They were led by Knoxville businessman Colonel David C. Chapman, who as head of the Great Smoky Mountains Park Commission was largely responsible for raising the funds for the purchase of the property that became the core of the park. The Great Smoky Mountains National Park opened in 1933. Great Smoky Mountains National Park is a United States National Park that straddles the ridgeline of the Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Blue Ridge Mountains ^[43]

Knoxville's reliance on a manufacturing economy left it particularly vulnerable to the fallout from the Great Depression. The Tennessee Valley also suffered from consistent flooding, and millions of acres of farmland had been ruined by soil erosion. To control flooding and improve the economy in the Tennessee Valley, the federal government created the Tennessee Valley Authority in 1933. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA is a federally owned Corporation in the United States created by congressional charter in May 1933 to provide Beginning with Norris Dam, TVA constructed a series of hydroelectric and other power plants throughout the valley over the next few decades, bringing flood control, jobs, and electricity to the region. Norris Dam is a Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA Hydroelectric and Flood control structure located on the Clinch River in East Tennessee ^[44] The Federal Works Project Administration, which also arrived in the 1930s, helped to build McGhee-Tyson Airport and expand Neyland Stadium. The Works Progress Administration (renamed in 1939 the Work Projects Administration; WPA) was the largest New Deal agency employing millions of people McGhee Tyson Airport is a joint civil-military public Airport serving the Knoxville metropolitan area and located approximately 10 miles (16 km south of the Neyland Stadium is a sports stadium in Knoxville, Tennessee. It serves primarily as the home of the Tennessee Volunteers football team but is also used ^[45] TVA's headquarters, which consists of two twin high rises built in the 1970s, were among Knoxville's first modern high-rise buildings.

In 1948, the soft drink Mountain Dew was first marketed in Knoxville, originally designed as a mixer for whiskey. Mountain Dew is a popular drink distributed and manufactured by PepsiCo. Whisky (uisge-beatha or whiskey (uisce beatha or fuisce) refers to a broad category of Alcoholic beverages that are distilled from fermented [1] Around the same time, John Gunther, author of Inside USA, dubbed Knoxville the "ugliest city" in America. Gunther's description jolted the city into enacting a series of beautification measures that helped improve the appearance of the Downtown area. ^[46]

Modern Knoxville

The Sterchi Lofts building dominates 'The 100 Block' in downtown Knoxville. Formerly Sterchi Brothers Furniture store, the building was vacant for many years prior to its redevelopment as rental apartments.

Knoxville's textile and manufacturing industries largely fell victim to foreign competition in the 1950s and 1960s, and after the establishment of the Interstate Highway system in the 1960s, the railroad— which had been largely responsible for Knoxville's industrial growth— began to decline. The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) The rise of suburban shopping malls in the 1970s drew retail revenues away from Knoxville's Downtown area. While government jobs and economic diversification prevented widespread unemployment in Knoxville, the city sought to recover the massive loss of revenue by attempting to annex neighboring communities in Knox County. These annexation attempts often turned combative, and several attempts to merge the Knoxville and Knox County governments failed. ^[47]

With annexation attempts stalling, Knoxville initiated several projects aimed at boosting revenue in the Downtown area. The 1982 World's Fair— the most successful of these projects— became one of the most popular world's fairs in U. The 1982 World's Fair was held in Knoxville, Tennessee, in the United States. S. history with 11 million visitors. The fair's energy theme was selected due to Knoxville being the headquarters of the Tennessee Valley Authority and for the city's proximity to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak Ridge National Laboratory ( ORNL) is a multiprogram science and technology National laboratory managed for the United States Department of Energy by The Sunsphere, a 266-foot (81 m) steel truss structure topped with a gold-colored glass sphere, was built for the fair and remains one of Knoxville's most prominent buildings. The Sunsphere, in Knoxville, Tennessee, is an high Hexagonal Steel Truss structure topped with a gold-colored glass Sphere ^[48]

Since then, Knoxville's downtown has been developing, with the opening of the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame and the Knoxville Convention Center, redevelopment of Market Square, a new visitors center, Regal Cinemas, and many new and redeveloped condominiums. Regal Entertainment Group ( is the largest Movie theatre chain in North America, operating 6423 screens in 529 locations in 41 U

Forbes Magazine named Knoxville among the Top 10 Metropolitan Hotspots. ^[49]

Geography

Southeastern view of Knoxville.

Knoxville is located at 35°58′22″N, 83°56′32″W (35. 972882, -83. 942161)^[50].

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 98. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 1 square miles (254. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 1 km²), of which, 92. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 7 square miles (240. 0 km²) of it is land and 5. 4 square miles (14. 1 km²) of it is water. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. The total area is 5. 5% water.

In the southeast part of the city, the French Broad River (flowing from Asheville, North Carolina) joins the Holston River (flowing from Kingsport) to form the Tennessee River. The French Broad River flows from near Rosman in Transylvania County, North Carolina, into Tennessee. Asheville is a City in and the County seat of Buncombe County, North Carolina, United North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States The Holston River is a major River system of southwestern Virginia and East Tennessee. Kingsport is a city in Hawkins and Sullivan counties in the U The Tennessee River is the largest tributary of the Ohio River. Knoxville is centered around a hilly area along the north bank of the river between its First Creek and Second Creek tributaries. This area now comprises Downtown Knoxville. South Knoxville refers to the industrial and residential areas along the south bank of the river (extending to the Blount County line), and West Knoxville typically refers to the area beyond Sequoyah Hills, much of which is situated along Kingston Pike and the merged I-40 and I-75. The Knox County section of the Tennessee River is technically part of Fort Loudoun Lake, an impoundment of the river created by the completion of Fort Loudoun Dam (near Lenoir City) in 1940. USACE Fort Loudoun Lock and Damjpg|thumb|Fort Loudoun Lock and Dam Lenoir City is a city in Loudon County, Tennessee, United States.

The hills and ridges surrounding Knoxville are part of the Appalachian Ridge-and-Valley Province, which consists of a series of elongate and narrow ridges that traverse the upper Tennessee Valley. The Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians, also called the Ridge and Valley Province or the Valley and Ridge Appalachians, are a physiographic province of The most substantial Ridge-and-Valley structures in the Knoxville area are Bays Mountain, which runs along the Knox-Blount county line to the south, and Beaver Ridge, which passes through the northern section of the town. Bays Mountain is a Ridge of the Ridge-and-valley Appalachians, located in eastern Tennessee. The Great Smoky Mountains— a subrange of the Appalachian Mountains— are located approximately 20 miles (32 km) south of Knoxville. The Great Smoky Mountains are a major Mountain range in the southern part of the Appalachian Mountains, the second ridge line forming a north-south running mountain The Appalachian Mountains ( often called the Appalachians, are a vast system of mountains in eastern North America.

Principal highways serving the city Interstate 40 to Asheville, North Carolina, and Nashville and Interstate 75 to Chattanooga and Lexington. Interstate 40 (I-40 is a major west-east Interstate highway in the United States Asheville is a City in and the County seat of Buncombe County, North Carolina, United Interstate 75 (I-75 is a major north-south Interstate Highway in the midwest and southeastern United States. Lexington (officially Lexington-Fayette Urban County is the second-largest city in Kentucky and the 68th largest in the United States. Knoxville and the surrounding area is served by McGhee Tyson Airport. McGhee Tyson Airport is a joint civil-military public Airport serving the Knoxville metropolitan area and located approximately 10 miles (16 km south of the Public transportation is provided by KAT. Rail freight is offered by CSX and Norfolk Southern. This article is about the present railroad formed in 1990 For the former regional railroad in Virginia and North Carolina a small part of the new one see Norfolk Southern

Climate

Knoxville falls in the humid subtropical climate zone (Koppen climate classification Cfa), although it is not quite as hot as areas to the south and west due to the higher elevations. Humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cfa or Cwa) is a climate zone characterized by hot humid summers and chilly to mild winters The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems It was developed by Wladimir Köppen, a German climatologist Summers are hot and very humid, with July highs averaging 88°F (31°C) and lows averaging 69°F (20°C). According to former local meteorologist Brittany Tarr, triple digit temperatures in Knoxville are fairly rare, however. Winters are generally cool with snow not an uncommon occurrence, with January averaging a high of 46°F (8°C) and a low of 29°F (-2°C), although low temperaures in the teens and single digits are an annual occurrence. The record high for Knoxville is 105°F (41°C), while the record low is -24°F (-31°C). Annual rainfall averages 48. 2 inches (1,225 mm), and average winter snowfall in 9. 9 inches (25 cm).

Nearby towns and cities

Neighborhoods

Krutch Park in Downtown Knoxville. Alcoa is a city in Blount County, Tennessee, United States, south of Knoxville. Clinton is a city in Anderson County, Tennessee, United States. Corryton is a small unincorporated community in northeastern Knox County, Tennessee, United States, about 15 miles north of Knoxville Dandridge is a town in Jefferson County, Tennessee, United States. Farragut is a town in Knox County in the US state of Tennessee, and is a suburb of nearby Knoxville Halls Crossroads is an unincorporated Suburban community in Knox County, Tennessee, United States, north of the city of Knoxville Halls is a town in Lauderdale County, Tennessee, United States. West Tennessee is one of the three Grand Divisions in the US state of Tennessee. Harriman is a city in Morgan and Roane counties in the US state of Tennessee. Jefferson City is a City in Jefferson County, Tennessee, United States. Luttrell is a town in Union County, Tennessee, United States, with a population of 915 as of the 2000 census. Karns is an unincorporated community in western Knox County, Tennessee, United States, about west of the center of Knoxville. Kingston is a city in and the County seat of Roane County, Tennessee, United States, and is adjacent to Watts Bar Lake. Lenoir City is a city in Loudon County, Tennessee, United States. Loudon is a city in and the County seat of Loudon County, Tennessee, United States. Maryville is a city in and the County seat of Blount County, Tennessee, in the Southeastern United States. Maynardville is a city in and the County seat of Union County, Tennessee, United States. Morristown is a city in and the County seat of Hamblen County, Tennessee, United States. Newport is a city in Cocke County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 7242 at the 2000 census Oak Ridge is an incorporated City in Anderson and Roane Counties in East Tennessee, USA, about 25 miles northwest of Powell is a small unincorporated community in Knox County, Tennessee, United States. Rutledge is a town in Grainger County, Tennessee, United States. Sevierville (səˈvɪərvɪl is a city in Sevier County Tennessee, located in the Southeastern United States Seymour is an unincorporated community and a Census-designated place (CDP in Blount and Sevier counties in the U Washburn is an unincorporated community in rural northern Grainger County, Tennessee, United States.

Major streets

Demographics

Old Knox County Courthouse in Downtown Knoxville

As of the census^[3] of 2000, there were 177,661 people, 76,650 households, and 40,164 families residing in the city, and the Knoxville Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 616,079. State Route 168, also known as Gov John Sevier Highway, is an east to west secondary highway in Knox County, Tennessee, that is 18 US Route 441 is a Spur route of US Route 41. It currently runs for 939 Miles (1511 km) from U State Route 71 is a north-south state highway in Tennessee For most of the length it is a " hidden " route as it coincides with U James White ( August 8, 1747 &ndash August 14, 1821) was an American pioneer and soldier who founded White's Fort, Tennessee State Route 158 is a west-to-east highway in Knox County in the U US Route 11 is a north-south United States highway extending 1645 mile US Route 70 is an east-west United States highway that runs for 2385 miles (3838 km from eastern North Carolina to east-central Arizona. State Route 1 ( SR-1) known as the Memphis to Bristol Highway, is a mostly-unsigned State highway in the U US Route 11 is a north-south United States highway extending 1645 mile US Route 70 is an east-west United States highway that runs for 2385 miles (3838 km from eastern North Carolina to east-central Arizona. State Route 1 ( SR-1) known as the Memphis to Bristol Highway, is a mostly-unsigned State highway in the U State Route 169 is a west-to-east secondary highway in Knox County in the U Robert Reese Neyland ( February 17, 1892 &ndash March 28, 1962) was an American football coach and also served the Tennessee State Route 158 is a west-to-east highway in Knox County in the U State Route 162 is the official designation for a highway also known as the Pellissippi Parkway. Interstate 140 (abbreviated I-140) is a Spur route of Interstate 40 near Knoxville, Tennessee. US Route 11 is a north-south United States highway extending 1645 mile State Route 1 ( SR-1) known as the Memphis to Bristol Highway, is a mostly-unsigned State highway in the U State Route 61 is a west-to-east highway in the US state of Tennessee that is 69 miles (111 km long State Route 62 is a west-to-east highway in the US state of Tennessee that is 83 miles (134 km long A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 1,876. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 7 people per square mile (724. 6/km²). There were 84,981 housing units at an average density of 917. 1/sq mi (354. 1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 79. 7% White, 16. 2% African American, 0. 31% Native American, 1. 45% Asian, 0. 03% Pacific Islander, 0. 72% from other races, and 1. 57% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 58% of the population.

There were 76,650 households out of which 22. 8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35. 3% were married couples living together, 13. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 47. 6% were non-families. 38. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 12 and the average family size was 2. 84.

In the city the population was spread out with 19. 7% under the age of 18, 16. 8% from 18 to 24, 29. 5% from 25 to 44, 19. 6% from 45 to 64, and 14. 4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 90. 0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86. 3 males.

The median income for a household in the city is $27,492, and the median income for a family is $37,708. Males had a median income of $29,070 versus $22,593 for females. The per capita income for the city is $18,171. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 14. 4% of families and 20. 8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 1% of those under age 18 and 12. 0% of those age 65 or over.

In 2006, ERI published an analysis that identified Knoxville as the most affordable U. ERI Economic Research Institute, or ERI is a private company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington. S. city for new college graduates, based on the ratio of typical salary to cost of living. ^[51]

Population and household growth are expected to follow employment growth, causing increased housing demand during the forecast period. Resident employment should continue to grow at a pace equal to that from 2000 to the Current date. As population continues to increase and the labor force grows, the unemployment rate is projected to increase slightly to 3. 7 percent. The population growth is estimated to result in 12,900 new households in the HMA by the Forecast date. Demand for new housing for the period from April 1, 2005, to April 1, 2008, is estimated to total 13,100 units — 10,400 sales units and 2,700 rental units. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common

Households

During the 1990s, growth in the number of households averaged 3,575 a year. The number of renter households grew by an average annual increase of 600 during the 1990s compared to an average annual increase of 900 from 2000 to the Current date. From 2000 to the Current date, the total average annual household growth was 3,925. Average annual household growth is expected to continue increasing by 4,300 through the forecast period and total 262,800 as of April 1, 2008. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Since 1990, average household size in the HMA has been decreasing steadily. This decrease can be attributed to a growing number of students and retirees and to an overall demographic shift toward smaller families.

Economy

Knoxville's economy is largely fueled by the regional location of the main campus of the University of Tennessee, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and other Department of Energy facilities in nearby Oak Ridge, the National Transportation Research Center, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. The University of Tennessee (also known as UT) sometimes called the University of Tennessee Knoxville ( UT Knoxville, or UTK) is the flagship Oak Ridge National Laboratory ( ORNL) is a multiprogram science and technology National laboratory managed for the United States Department of Energy by The United States Department of Energy ( DOE) is a Cabinet -level department of the United States government responsible for energy policy Oak Ridge is an incorporated City in Anderson and Roane Counties in East Tennessee, USA, about 25 miles northwest of For the sigma N-transcription factor activator protein in prokaryotes see NtrC The National Transportation Research Center (NRTC is an institution located in The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA is a federally owned Corporation in the United States created by congressional charter in May 1933 to provide These make Knoxville the heart of the high-tech Tennessee Valley Corridor, which extends from Blacksburg, Virginia to Huntsville, Alabama. WELCOME TO WIKIPEDIA **** Please read before you edit or add info about the shootings Huntsville is a city in Madison and Limestone Counties in the U

Because of its central location in the eastern half of the United States and proximity to two major Interstate highways, many warehousing and distribution companies operate in and around Knoxville. The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) A warehouse is a commercial Building for Storage of Goods. Warehouses are used by Manufacturers Importers Exporters Distribution (or place) is one of the four elements of Marketing mix. The Old City is home to most of Knoxville's historic warehouses and factories. The Old City is located at the northeast corner of downtown Knoxville, Tennessee.

Major companies headquartered in Knoxville

Colleges and universities

The University of Tennessee at Knoxville is the state's flagship public university. AC Entertainment is a music promotion company based in Knoxville Tennessee. The Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival is a four-day annual Music festival, created and produced by Superfly Productions and AC Entertainment, first held in 2002 Bush Brothers and Company is a family-owned corporation based in Knoxville Tennessee, best known for its baked beans and more than 40 other related products Clayton Homes, a component company of Berkshire Hathaway, is the United States ' largest manufacturer of Manufactured housing. Headquartered in Knoxville Tennessee, EdFinancial Services provides student loan servicing for 15 of the nation's top 100 lenders Goody's Family Clothing is a chain of clothing Retailers based in Knoxville Tennessee. Jewelry Television is an American Television network, similar to the Home Shopping Network. Petro's Chili & Chips is a small Fast-food chain specialising in the Petro, a mixture of Corn chips chili, Cheese, Green onions Regal Entertainment Group ( is the largest Movie theatre chain in North America, operating 6423 screens in 529 locations in 41 U The EW Scripps Company ( is an American Media conglomerate founded by Edward W Sea Ray is a brand of pleasure boats owned by the Brunswick Corporation. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA is a federally owned Corporation in the United States created by congressional charter in May 1933 to provide Weigel's is a gas station and Convenience store chain located in the Knoxville Tennessee area

Knoxville is home to the main campus of the University of Tennessee. The University of Tennessee (also known as UT) sometimes called the University of Tennessee Knoxville ( UT Knoxville, or UTK) is the flagship It is also home to:

• Fountainhead College of Technology (formerly Tennessee Institute of Electronics)
• Johnson Bible College
• Knoxville College
• Pellissippi State Technical Community College
• South College (formerly Knoxville Business College)
• A branch campus of Tennessee Wesleyan College
• A branch campus of Tusculum College
• A branch campus of ITT Technical Institute
• A branch campus of Strayer University
• A branch campus of Lincoln Memorial University

Culture

Tennessee Theatre. Johnson Bible College is a private co-educational college located six miles southeast of Knoxville Tennessee. Knoxville College is a historically black college in Mechanicsville, Knoxville, Tennessee, founded in 1875 by the United Presbyterian Church Pellissippi State Technical Community College ( Pellissippi State or PSTCC) is one of 13 member Community colleges operated by the Tennessee Board of Tennessee Wesleyan College is a small Liberal arts college founded in 1857, located in the East Tennessee city of Athens. Tusculum College is a Coeducational private College affiliated with the Presbyterian Church (USA with its main Campus in ITT Technical Institute (often shortened to ITT Tech is a private for-profit, technical institute with 100 campuses in 35 states of the United States Strayer University, formerly Strayer College of Washington DC Lincoln Memorial University is a private four-year co-educational Liberal arts College located in Harrogate Tennessee.

Knoxville is home to a rich arts community and has many festivals throughout the year. Its contributions to old-time, bluegrass and country music are numerous, from Flatt & Scruggs and Homer & Jethro to the Everly Brothers and Hank Williams, who spent the last night of his life there. The Foggy Mountain Boys was an influential bluegrass band that performed and recorded during the 1940s 1950s and 1960s Homer and Jethro were an American Country music team with a long career from the 1940s through the 1960s sometimes known as "the thinking man's hillbillies The Everly Brothers ( Don Everly, born Isaac Donald Everly February 1 1937 Brownie Muhlenberg County, Kentucky Hank Williams ( September 17, 1923 – January 1, 1953) was an American Singer-songwriter and Musician who has For the past several years an award-winning listener-funded radio station, WDVX, has broadcast weekday lunchtime concerts of bluegrass music, old-time music and more from the Knoxville Visitor's Center on Gay Street, as well as streaming its music programming to the world over the Internet. WDVX-FM is a Knoxville Tennessee, FM radio station broadcasting at 89 Bluegrass music is a form of American roots music, and is a sub-genre of Country music. Old-time music is a form of North American Folk music, with roots in the Folk musics of many countries including England, Scotland, Streaming multimedia is Multimedia that is constantly received by and normally presented to an end-user while it is being delivered by a streaming provider (the

Knoxville also boasts an overachieving Opera Company which has been guided by Don Townsend for over two decades now. The KOC performs a season of opera every year with a talented chorus as the backbone of each production.

In its May 2003 "20 Most Rock & Roll towns in the U. S. " feature, Blender ranked Knoxville the 17th best music scene in the United States. Blender is an American music Magazine that bills itself as "the ultimate guide to music and more" In the ’90s, noted alternative-music critic Ann Powers, author of Weird Like Us: My Bohemian America, referred to the city as “Austin without the hype".

The city also hosts numerous art festivals, including the 17-day Dogwood Arts Festival in April, which features art shows, crafts fairs, food and live music. Also in April is the Rossini Festival, which celebrates opera and Italian culture. June’s Kuumba (meaning creativity in Swahili) Festival commemorates the region’s African American heritage and showcases visual arts, folk arts, dance, games, music, storytelling, theater, and food. Autumn on the Square showcases national and local artists in outdoor concert series at historic Market Square, which has been revitalized with specialty shops and residences. Every Labor Day brings Boomsday, the largest Labor Day fireworks display in the United States, to the banks of the Tennessee River between the University of Tennessee football stadium and downtown. Labor Day is a United States Federal holiday observed on the first Monday in September A firework is classified as a low explosive pyrotechnic device used primarily for aesthetic and entertainment purposes

Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist and playwright James Agee was born in Knoxville and spent his early years there. The Pulitzer Prize, ˈpʊlɨtsɚ PULL-it-sər is an American award regarded as the highest national honor in Newspaper journalism, James Rufus Agee (November 27 1909 &ndash May 16 1955 was an American Novelist, Journalist, Poet His novel A Death in the Family centers around the Fort Sanders neighborhood where the Agees lived and chronicles the death of Agee's father. A Death in the Family is an Autobiographical novel by author James Agee, set in Knoxville Tennessee. Another Pulitzer recipient, Cormac McCarthy, spent most of his childhood in Knoxville. Cormac McCarthy, born Charles McCarthy (born July 20, 1933 in Providence Rhode Island) is an American Novelist and McCarthy graduated from Knoxville Catholic High School and later attended the University of Tennessee, and his novel Suttree revolves around life among the city's lowly in the early 1950s. Suttree is a semi- Autobiographical novel by Cormac McCarthy, published in 1979. Other notable natives include Patricia Neal, Quentin Tarantino, and Johnny Knoxville. Patricia Neal (born January 20 1926) is an American award-winning Actress of stage and screen Quentin Jerome Tarantino (born March 27, 1963) is an Academy Award - BAFTA Award - and Palme d'Or -winning Emmy - and Philip John Clapp (born March 11, 1971 in Knoxville Tennessee better known as Johnny Knoxville, is an American comic actor and daredevil

Events

Media

• WATE 6 - ABC affiliate, owned by Young Broadcasting. This article is about the fireworks celebration For the novel by Christopher Buckley, see Boomsday (novel. Destination ImagiNation Inc, or DI is a creative problem solving organization for youth and adults The Covenant Health Knoxville Marathon is an annual marathon foot-race run in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. The Knoxville Symphony Orchestra is an American orchestra in Knoxville, Tennessee. Ska Weekend is a music festival in Knoxville TN, United State, that began in 2003 with only a few bands and has grown to be one of the largest gatherings of WATE-TV, Channel 6 is the ABC affiliate in Knoxville Tennessee. The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC) is an American Television network.
• WMAK 7 - Digital independent station, owned by Knoxville Ch 7, LLC (also seen on low-power analog WEZK-LP 28)
• WVLT 8 - CBS affiliate, owned by Gray Television. WMAK, channel 7 is a digital Television station serving the Knoxville Tennessee area Digital television (DTV is the sending and receiving of moving images and sound by discrete ( digital) signals in contrast to the analog signals used by Independent station is a term for a broadcast radio or Television station which is more independent in some way compared to other "dependent" WMAK, channel 7 is a digital Television station serving the Knoxville Tennessee area WVLT-TV ( VHF channel 8 is the CBS television network affiliate serving Knoxville Tennessee, the 58th DMA in America according to CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network.
• WVLT-DT2 - My Network TV affiliate, digital subchannel of WVLT. WVLT-TV ( VHF channel 8 is the CBS television network affiliate serving Knoxville Tennessee, the 58th DMA in America according to
• WBIR 10 - NBC affiliate, owned by Gannett Corporation. WBIR-TV channel 10 is the NBC affiliate in Knoxville Tennessee. The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's Gannett Company Inc ( is a publicly-traded media Holding company based in the United States.
• WKOP 15 - PBS member station
• WBXX 20 - CW affiliate, owned by ACME Television
• WTNZ 43 - FOX affiliate, owned by Raycom Media. The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the WBXX-TV, channel 20 is the CW -affiliated Television station for Knoxville Tennessee, licensed to Crossville. The CW Television Network ( The CW) is a Television network in the United States launched at the beginning of the 2006-2007 television season.
• WPXK 54 - i affiliate, owned by Paxson Communications
• WIVK-FM 107. Ion Television is a broadcast television network first broadcast on August 31 1998 WIVK-FM is an FM radio station broadcasting at 1077 MHz near Knoxville, Tennessee, USA 7 - owned by Citadel Broadcasting
• Knoxville News Sentinel
• Knoxville Voice
• Metropulse
• Knoxville Journal

Nearby attractions

Sites of interest

The Sunsphere, from the 1982 World's Fair, characterizes the Knoxville skyline

Sports

• Knoxville Noise (American Basketball Association)
• Knoxville Ice Bears (Southern Professional Hockey League)
• Tennessee Smokies (Southern League, Double-A affiliate of the Chicago Cubs)
• Tennessee Volunteers University of Tennessee Athletics
• Knoxville Rugby Club (Division II member of the South Territory, USA Rugby Union)

Notable Knoxvillians

For a longer list of notable Knoxvillians, see Category:People from Knoxville, Tennessee

Sister cities

Knoxville has seven sister cities as designated by Sister Cities International:

• Chelm, Poland
• Chengdu, China
• Kaohsiung, Taiwan (Sister Cities International officially recognizes Taiwan as a division of China[3])
• Larissa, Greece
• Muroran, Japan
• Neuquen, Argentina
• Yesan County, South Korea

References

Sources

• Carey, Ruth. "Change Comes to Knoxville. " in These Are Our Voices: The Story of Oak Ridge 1942-1970, edited by James Overholt, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1987.
• Deaderick, Lucile, ed. Heart of the Valley--A History of Knoxville, Tennessee Knoxville: East Tennessee Historical Society, 1976.
• Jennifer Long; "Government Job Creation Programs-Lessons from the 1930s and 1940s" Journal of Economic Issues . Volume: 33. Issue: 4. 1999. pp 903+, a case study of Knoxville.
• Knoxville. The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Retrieved on 2006-03-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice.
• Knoxville. Tennessee History for Kids. Retrieved on 2007-02-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince
• Knoxville History. Retrieved on 2007-02-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince
• The Mcclung museum at The University of Tennessee Knoxville, "Archaeology & the Native Peoples of Tennessee" exhibit. Exhibit Link.
• McDonald, Michael, and Bruce Wheeler. Knoxville, Tennessee: Continuity and Change in an Appalachian City University of Tennessee Press, 1983. the standard academic history
• The Future of Knoxville's Past: Historic and Architectural Resources in Knoxville, Tennessee. (Knoxville Historic Zoning Commission, October, 2006).
• Rothrock, Mary U. , editor. The French Broad-Holston Country: A History of Knox County, Tennessee. (Knox County Historical Committee; East Tennessee Historical Society, 1946).
• Isenhour, Judith Clayton. Knoxville, A Pictorial History. (Donning Company, 1978, 1980).
• Barber, John W. , and Howe, Henry. All the Western States and Territories, . . . (Cincinnati, Ohio: Howe's Subscription Book Concern, 1867). pp. 631-632.

External links

• City of Knoxville (official web site)
• Knoxville at the Open Directory Project
• Knoxville Tourism and Sports Corporation
• Knoxville, Tennessee Local Guide and Search
• The Knoxville News Sentinel
• The South Knox•Seymour Times
• Knoxville Voice (independent alternative bi-weekly)
• Metropulse (alternative weekly)
• KnoxViews
• City View Magazine
• Knoxville Magazine
• "About Knoxville"
• Knoxville travel guide from Wikitravel

• Knoxville, Tennessee is at coordinates 35°58′22″N 83°56′32″W / 35.972882, -83.942161 (Knoxville, Tennessee)Coordinates: 35°58′22″N 83°56′32″W / 35.972882, -83.942161 (Knoxville, Tennessee)