| King mackerel | ||||||||||||||
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| Scomberomorus cavalla (Cuvier, 1829) |
The king mackerel (Scomberomorus cavalla) is a migratory species of mackerel that lives its entire life in the open waters of the western Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. Baron Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier ( August 23 1769 &ndash May 13, 1832) was a French naturalist For the game see 1829 (board game. Year 1829 ( MDCCCXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display Mackerel is a common name applied to a number of different species of Fish, mostly but not exclusively from the family Scombridae. The Gulf of Mexico ( Spanish: Golfo de México) is the ninth largest Body of water in the world It is an important species to both the commercial and recreational fishing industries. For the computer security term see Phishing. Fishing is the activity of catching Fish.
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Description
The king mackerel is a slender fish, only slightly compressed (flattened) from side to side. The entire body is covered with very small, hardly visible, loosely attached scales. The first (spiny) dorsal fin is entirely colorless and is normally folded back into a body groove, as are the pelvic fins. A dorsal fin is a Fin located on the backs of some Fishes Whales Dolphins and Porpoises as well as the (extinct The Anatomy of Fish is primarily governed by the physical characteristics of Water, which is much denser than air holds a relatively small amount of dissolved The lateral line starts high on the shoulder, dips abruptly at mid-body and then continues as a wavy horizontal line to the tail. In Fish, the lateral line is a Sense organ used to detect movement and vibration in the surrounding water Coloration is olive on the back fading to silver with a rosy iridescence on the sides, fading to white on the belly. Fish under 10 pounds (5 kg) show yellowish brown spots on the flanks, somewhat smaller than the spots of the Atlantic Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus maculatus. The Atlantic Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus maculatus, is a migratory species of Mackerel that swimsto northern Gulf of Mexico in spring return to Its cutting edged teeth are large, uniform, closely spaced and flattened from side to side. These teeth look very similar to those of the bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix. The bluefish ( Pomatomus saltatrix) called tailor in Australia, is a species of popular marine game- Fish found in all climates
Distribution and habitat
The king mackerel is a sub-tropical species of the Atlantic Coast of the Americas. Common in the coastal zone from North Carolina to Brazil, it occurs as far south as Rio de Janeiro, and occasionally as far north as the Gulf of Maine. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld Rio de Janeiro ("River of January" ˈhiw dʒi ʒʌˈnejɾu in Brazilian Portuguese, /ˈriːoʊ di ʒəˈnɛroʊ/ in English is the second largest city of Brazil Nonetheless, a preference for water temperatures in the range of 68 to 85 °F (20 to 29 °C). may limit distribution.
King mackerel commonly occur in depths of 40 to 150 feet (12–45 m), where the principal fisheries occur. Larger kings (heavier than 20 lb or 9 kg) often occur inshore, in the mouths of inlets and harbors, and occasionally even at the 600 foot (180 m) depths at the edge of the Gulf Stream. The Gulf Stream, together with its northern extension towards Europe the North Atlantic Drift, is a powerful warm and swift Atlantic Ocean current that
Migration patterns
At least two migratory groups of king mackerel have been found to exist off the American coast. A Gulf of Mexico group ranges from the Texas coast in summer to the middle-east coast of Florida from November through March. The Gulf of Mexico ( Spanish: Golfo de México) is the ninth largest Body of water in the world Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the Spawning occurs throughout the summer off the northern gulf coast.
An Atlantic group is abundant off North Carolina in spring and fall. This group migrates to southeast Florida where it spawns from May through August, and slowly returns through summer. Apparently, this group winters in deep water off the Carolinas, as tagging studies have shown they are never found off Florida in winter.
Life history
Eggs and sperm are shed into the sea and their union is by chance. Depending on size, a female may shed from 50,000 to several million eggs over the spawning season. Fertilized eggs hatch in about 24 hours. The newly hatched larva is about 0. 1 inches (2. 5 mm) long with a large yolk sack. Little is known about king mackerel in their first year of life. Yearling fish typically attain an average weight of 3 to 4 pounds (1. 4–1. 8 kg) and a fork length of 25 inches (60 cm). At age seven, females average 21 lb (9. 5 kg), males 11 lb (5 kg). King mackerel may attain 90 lb (40 kg), but any over 15 pounds (7 kg) is almost certainly a female.
Feeding habits
King mackerel are voracious, opportunistic carnivores. Their prey depends on their size. Depending on area and season, they favor menhaden and other sardine-like fish (Clupeidae), jacks (Scombridae), cutlassfish (Trichiuridae), weakfish (Sciaenidae), grunts (Haemulidae), striped anchovies (Engraulidae),Cigar minnows, threadfin,northern mackerel and (blue runners). For the hide and seek-like game see Hide and seek. Sardines, or pilchards, are a group of several types of small Oily Clupeidae is the family of the Herrings Shads Sardines Hilsa and Menhadens It includes many of the most important Food fishes Scombridae is the family of the Mackerels Tunas and Bonitos and thus includes many of the most important and familiar Food fishes The cutlassfishes are about 40 species of fish in the family Trichiuridae (order Perciformes) The cutlassfishes are about 40 species of fish in the family Trichiuridae (order Perciformes) The weakfish, Cynoscion regalis, is a marine Fish of the drum family Sciaenidae. Sciaenidae is a family of Fish commonly called drums, croakers, or hardheads for the repetitive throbbing or drumming sounds The grunts are a family Haemulidae, of fishes in the order Perciformes. The anchovies are a family ( Engraulidae) of small common salt-water fish
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| sport fish |
| american shad |
| barramundi |
| cobia |
| coho salmon |
| hickory shad |
| king mackerel |
| mahi-mahi |
| sand whiting |
| silver carp |
| striped bass |
| thresher shark |
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Fishing gear and methods
King mackerel are among the most sought-after gamefish throughout their range from North Carolina to Texas. For the computer security term see Phishing. Fishing is the activity of catching Fish. The American shad or Atlantic shad, Alosa sapidissima, is a Species of Anadromous Fish in family Clupeidae Not to be confused with the Barramundi Cod or the Australian members of the genus Scleropages (which sometimes are referred to as Barramundis Cobia ( Rachycentron canadum) — also known as black kingfish black salmon ling lemonfish crabeaters aruan tasek, etc The Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, (from the Russian кижуч kizhuch) is a Species of Anadromous Fish Hickory shad ( Alosa mediocris) is migratory clupeid native to the Atlantic Coast of the eastern United States The king mackerel ( Scomberomorus cavalla) is a migratory species of Mackerel that lives its entire life in the open waters of the western Atlantic Ocean The Mahimahi (in Hawaiian Coryphaena hippurus, also known as common dolphin-fish, dorado maverikos, or lampuki (in Maltese The sand whiting, Sillago ciliata, (also known as the summer whiting or blue-nose whiting) is a common species of coastal marine Fish The silver carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) is a species of Freshwater Cyprinid Fish, a variety of Asian carp native to north and Striped bass are Perciform fish found all along the Atlantic coast from Florida to Nova Scotia, and are caught as far north as Hudson Bay. Thresher sharks are large Lamniform Sharks of the family Alopiidae. Tuna, are several Species of ocean-dwelling Fish in the family Scombridae, mostly in the genus Thunnus. The walleye (common US name or yellow pickerel (Canada ( Sander vitreus vitreus, formerly Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) is a freshwater Perciform Game fish are Fish pursued for Sport by recreational Anglers. Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is Fishing for Pleasure or Competition. They are taken mostly by trolling, using various live and dead baitfish, spoons, jigs and other artificials. Commercial gear consists of run-around gill nets. They are also taken commercially by trolling with large planers, heavy tackle and lures similar to those used by sport fishers. Typically when using live bait, two hooks are tied to a strong metal leader. The first may be a treble or single and is hooked through the live bait's nose and/or mouth. The second hook (treble hook) is placed through the top of the fish's back or allowed to swing free. When trolling for Kings using this method, it is important to make sure the baitfish are swimming properly. Typical tackle includes a conventional or spinning reel capable of holding 400 yards (370 m) of 20 lb (9 kg) test monofilament and a 7 foot (2. 1 m), 20 pound (9 kg) class rod.
King mackerel are known throughout the sportfishing world for their blistering runs. For that, tournament series' have found success promoting events for this species. The most notable organizations to promote these events are the Southern Kingfish Association (SKA) and the FLW Outdoors tour. These events have been covered and reported by in several outdoor publications both in print and online.
Nutrition and processing
As of 2005, king mackerel are primarily marketed fresh. They may be sold as fillets, steaks, or in the round (whole). Their raw flesh is grayish, due to its high fat content, They are best prepared by broiling, frying, baking or, especially for large "smoker" king, by smoking. According to the EPA, king mackerel is one of the four fish (with swordfish, shark, and tilefish,) children and women of child-bearing age should avoid due to high levels of methylmercury found in these fish. Swordfish ( Xiphias gladius) are large highly migratory Predatory Fish characterized by a long flat bill. Sharks ( Superorder Selachimorpha) are a type of Fish with a full cartilaginous Skeleton and a highly streamlined body Tilefishes, also known as blanquillo, are mostly small Perciform marine Fish comprising the family Malacanthidae. Methylmercury (sometimes methyl mercury) is an Organometallic Cation with the formula + (See mercury poisoning for more details. Mercury poisoning (also known as mercurialism, hydrargyria, Hunter-Russell syndrome, or acrodynia when affecting children is a Disease )
Similar species
Small king mackerel are similar in appearance to Atlantic Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus maculatus, and Cero, Scomberomorus regalis, all three species being similar in shape and coloration. The Atlantic Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus maculatus, is a migratory species of Mackerel that swimsto northern Gulf of Mexico in spring return to They may be distinguished as follows:
The lateral line on Atlantic Spanish mackerel and Cero slopes gradually from the top edge of the gill to the tail. In contrast that of the king mackerel takes an abrupt drop at mid-body (see illustration).
The first (spiny) dorsal fin on Atlantic Spanish mackerel and Cero has a prominent black patch. The king mackerel does not. As all three species normally keep the first dorsal folded back in a body groove, this difference is not immediately evident.
Atlantic Spanish mackerel have prominent yellow spots on the flanks at all sizes. In addition to such spots, Cero have one or more yellow stripes along the centerline. Young king mackerel have similar, but slightly smaller spots, these fade away on individuals weighing over 10 pounds (5 kg), but may still be seen as slightly darker green spots toward the back from some angles of view.
World wide, there are many fish quite similar to one or another of these three species. Off Mexico, Atlantic Spanish mackerel may be confused with Serra Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus brasiliensis.
References
- Scomberomorus cavalla (TSN 172435). Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Integrated Taxonomic Information System ( ITIS) is a partnership designed to provide consistent and reliable information on the Taxonomy of biological Species Retrieved on 11 March 2006. Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- "Scomberomorus cavalla". FishBase. FishBase is a comprehensive Database of information about Fish. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. November 2005 version. N. p. : FishBase, 2005.
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