| Juan Vicente Gómez | |
 | |
| In office December 19, 1908 – April 19, 1914 | |
| Preceded by | Cipriano Castro |
| Succeeded by | Victorino Márquez Bustillos |
| In office 1922 – May 30, 1929 | |
| Preceded by | Victorino Márquez Bustillos |
| Succeeded by | Juan Bautista Pérez |
| In office June 13, 1931 – December 17, 1935 | |
| Preceded by | Juan Bautista Pérez |
| Succeeded by | Eleazar López Contreras |
| Born | July 24, 1857 Hacienda La Mulera, Táchira, Venezuela |
| Died | December 17, 1935 (aged 78) Maracay, Aragua, Venezuela |
| Signature |  |
Juan Vicente Gómez (July 24, 1857 - December 17, 1935) was a military general and the ruler of Venezuela from 1908 until his death in 1935. ||-||} Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->The President of Venezuela (Presidente Events 324 - Licinius abdicates his position as Roman Emperor. Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year José Cipriano Castro Ruiz (1858-1924 was a military and Politician venezuelan Victorino Márquez Bustillos (1858 - 1941 was Venezuelan lawyer and politician provisional President of Venezuela between 1914&ndash1922 ||-||} Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->The President of Venezuela (Presidente Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Victorino Márquez Bustillos (1858 - 1941 was Venezuelan lawyer and politician provisional President of Venezuela between 1914&ndash1922 Juan Bautista Pérez was born in Caracas, December 20, 1869, and died in Caracas, May 7, 1952, Lawyer magistrate ||-||} Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->The President of Venezuela (Presidente Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Juan Bautista Pérez was born in Caracas, December 20, 1869, and died in Caracas, May 7, 1952, Lawyer magistrate José Eleazar López Contreras ( May 5, 1883 – January 2, 1973) was President of Venezuela (1935-1941 Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Click here for Indian Rebellion of 1857 Year 1857 ( MDCCCLVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Maracay is a city in central Venezuela and is the capital and most important city of the Aragua State. Other use Aragua de Maturín and Aragua River. Estado Aragua is located in the north-central region of Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Click here for Indian Rebellion of 1857 Year 1857 ( MDCCCLVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year He was president on three occasions during this time, and ruled as an unelected military strongman for the rest of the era.
Contents |
Early years
Gómez was a barely literate cattle herder and a nearly full-blooded Native American. For indigenous peoples in the United States other than Hawaii and Alaska see also Native Americans in the United States. In 1899, he joined the private army of Cipriano Castro, with whom he had been friends since Castro's exile in Colombia. Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common José Cipriano Castro Ruiz (1858-1924 was a military and Politician venezuelan Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. This army swept down on Caracas in 1899 and seized control of the country. Caracas (kaˈɾakas is the Capital and largest city of Venezuela. Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common He became Castro's vice president and, in 1902, head of the military, responsible for suppressing several major revolts against the government. Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Gómez seized power from Castro on December 19, 1908, while Castro was in Europe for medical treatment. Events 324 - Licinius abdicates his position as Roman Emperor. Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year
Presidency
As president, Gómez managed to deflate Venezuela's staggering debt by granting concessions to foreign oil companies after the discovery of petroleum in Lake Maracaibo in 1918. Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit Lake Maracaibo is a large Brackish Lake in Venezuela at. It is connected to the Gulf of Venezuela by Tablazo Strait (55km on the northern edge Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common This, in turn, won him the support of the United States and Europe and economic stability. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Though he used the money to launch an extensive public works program, he also received generous kickbacks, increasing his personal fortune enormously. Because of his contributions to the country's development, the Congress bestowed the title of El Benemérito (the Meritorious One) on him. In contrast, his opponents, who disdained his brutal tactics at home, referred to him as El Bagre (the Catfish), a snide reference to his bushy moustache and outward appearance. Catfish ( order Siluriformes) are a very diverse group of bony Fish. They also called him "the Tyrant of the Andes"--a reference to his roots in the mountain state of Táchira. The Andes form the world's longest exposed Mountain range. They lie as a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America.
On April 19, 1914, Gómez ostensibly stepped down from office in favor of provisional president Victoriano Márques Bustillos, though he continued to rule the country from his home in Maracay. Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Victorino Márquez Bustillos (1858 - 1941 was Venezuelan lawyer and politician provisional President of Venezuela between 1914&ndash1922 Maracay is a city in central Venezuela and is the capital and most important city of the Aragua State. He returned to office in 1922, ruling until April 22, 1929. Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Though he was reelected to a new term of office by the Congress, he declined to return to the capital, and Juan Bautista Pérez assumed the presidency, though Gómez remained the final authority in the country. Juan Bautista Pérez was born in Caracas, December 20, 1869, and died in Caracas, May 7, 1952, Lawyer magistrate On June 13, 1931, Congress forced Perez to resign, and elected Gómez president again. Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This time, he resumed office, ruling the country until his death.
Family
There were two official spouses of Gómez, the first Doña Dionisia Gómez Bello, with whom he had seven children: José Vicente, Josefa, Alí, Flor de María, Graciela, Servilia and Gonzalo, and the second spouse, Doña Dolores Amelia Núñez de Cáceres, with whom we had eight children: Juan Vicente, Florencio, Rosa Amelia, Hermenegilda, Cristina, Belén, Berta and Juan Crisóstomo. However, Gómez also fathered between sixty four and eighty four illegitimate children, many of whom he appointed to public office (along with some of his legitimate children), sparking charges of nepotism. Nepotism is the showing of favoritism toward relatives and friends based upon that relationship rather than on an objective evaluation of ability Meritocracy or suitability
Legacy
Gómez's rule of Venezuela is a controversial period in the country's history. His cunning leadership brought enrichment to the country, particularly after the discovery of oil. He used that wealth to develop a modern infrastructure.
On the debit side, he is one of the prominent examples to the early US rule in Latin America[1]. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the During his rule, most of the country's wealth ended up in the hands of Gómez, his henchmen, and Wall Street[2]. Wall Street is a street in lower Manhattan, New York City, United States. Indeed, at the time of his death, he was by far the richest man in the country. He did little for public education and held basic democratic principles in disdain. Although cordial and simple in manner, his ruthless crushing of opponents through his secret police earned him the reputation of a tyrant. He was also accused of trying to make the country a personal fief.
Former Venezuelan President Rómulo Betancourt said in his book Venezuela : Oil and Politics that "(. Rómulo Ernesto Betancourt Bello (February 22 1908 – September 28 1981 "The Father of Venezuelan Democracy" was President of Venezuela from 1945 to . . ) Gomez was something more than a local despot, he was the instrument of foreign control of the Venezuelan economy, the ally and servant of powerful outside interests". This is in reference to Royal Dutch Shell and Standard Oil's appeasement of the dictator in return for exploitation rights of the country's oil fields. Royal Dutch Shell plc, commonly known simply as Shell, is a multinational oil company of Dutch and British origins Standard Oil was a predominant American integrated oil producing transporting refining and marketing company
In Venezuelan politics, Juan Vicente Gómez has come to symbolize political endurance and a caudillo mentality. Caudillo is a Spanish ( caudilho in Portuguese word usually used to designate "a political-military leader at the head of an authoritarian power He was quoted as saying he needed a lifetime to fulfill his political work.
External links
- Biography at infoplease.com
- Venezuela - A Century of Caudillismo - A recount of the historical context, Gomez's career and influence.
References
See also
Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the ||-||} Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->The President of Venezuela (PresidenteDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic