Juan Pablo Duarte y Díez was born on January 26, 1813 in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic during the period of the "Spanish Foolishness" (España Boba). Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. Year 1813 ( MDCCCXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Santo Domingo de Guzmán (known as Santo Domingo population 2084852 (Metro (2003 estimated 2253437 (Metro in 2006 is the Capital and largest city in the The Dominican Republic ( Spanish: República Dominicana;) is a nation located in the Caribbean region and shares the island of Hispaniola with Duarte, along with Francisco del Rosario Sanchez and Ramón Matías Mella, is considered to be one of the founding fathers of the Dominican Republic. Francisco Del Rosario Sánchez ( March 9, 1817 - July 4, 1861) was a politician and founding father of Matías Ramón Mella, born 25 February 1816, is regarded as a National hero in the Dominican Republic. The Dominican Republic ( Spanish: República Dominicana;) is a nation located in the Caribbean region and shares the island of Hispaniola with
After the troops of the Haitian Toussaint L'Ouverture invaded the Spanish side of the island in 1801, Duarte's parents, Juan José Duarte and Manuela Diez Jiménez, left for Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, where it is assumed their first son Vicente Celestino was born. Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: François-Dominique Toussaint Louverture The family returned to the Dominican Republic after the War of the Reconquest in 1809, when the the colony was, once again, Spanish. They took up residence on the western side of the Ozama river, in the La Atarazana zone.
The Struggle for Independence
Due to the neglect of the Spanish authorities, the colonists of Santo Domingo, under the leadership of José Núñez de Cáceres, proclaimed what came to be called the Ephemeral Independence. Neighboring Haiti, a former French colony) and thus already independent decided to invade the Spanish side of the island. Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: France was a dominant empire in the world from the 1600s to the late 1960s possessing many colonies in various locations around the world Haiti's president Jean-Pierre Boyer sent an invasion army that took over the eastern (Spanish) portion of Hispaniola (La Española), continuing the ethnic cleansing of Europeans and mulattoes as they had already done on the western side of the island. Jean-Pierre Boyer (possibly February 15, 1776 &ndash July 9, 1850) a native of Saint-Domingue became a soldier one of the leaders in Haiti then abolished slavery and occupied and absorbed Santo Domingo into the Republic of Haiti. Due to this political instability, Duarte's parents sent their son away to safety and to study in Europe.
On July 16, 1838, Duarte and others established a secret patriotic society called La Trinitaria, which helped undermine Haitian occupation. Events 622 - The beginning of the Islamic calendar. 1054 - Three Roman legates fractured relations between the Western and Year 1838 ( MDCCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Some of its first members included Juan Pablo Duarte, Juan Isidro Pérez, Pedro Alejandro Pina, Jacinto de la Concha, Félix María Ruiz, José María Serra, Benito González, Felipe Alfau and Juan Nepomuceno Ravelo. Later, he and others founded another society, called La Filantrópica, which had a more public presence, seeking to spread veiled idead of liberation through theatrical stages. All of this, along with the help of many who wanted to be rid of the Haitians who ruled over Dominicans led to the proclamation of independence on February 27, 1844 (Dominican War of Independence). Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation Year 1844 ( MDCCCXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year The Dominican Independence War gave the Dominican Republic independence from Haiti. However, Duarte had already been exiled to Caracas the previous year for his insurgent conduct. Caracas (kaˈɾakas is the Capital and largest city of Venezuela. He continued to correspond with members of his family and members of the independence movement. Independance could not be denied and after many struggles, the Dominican Republic was born. A republican form of government where a free people would hold ultimate power, through the voting process, a democracy where every citizen would be equal and free. Therefore with its flag and beautiful coat of arms, declaring "God, Fatherland and Freedom", all of these inspired, evoked and expressed by Duarte came into being a country that would soon owe this one man its existence, who gave his fortune and the very best of his life to the cause he fervently believed in.
Duarte was supported by many as a candidate for the presidency of the new born Republic. Mella, wanted Duarte to simply declare himself president. Duarte never giving up on the principles of democracy and fairness he lived by would only accept if voted in by a majority of the Dominican people. However the forces of those favoring Spanish sovereignty as protection from continued Haitian threats and invasions, led by general Pedro Santana a large landowner from the eastern lowlands, took over and exiled Duarte. Pedro Santana Familias ( Pedro Santana Familias 1st Marquess of Las Carreras) (1801-1864 was a wealthy cattle rancher soldier politician and dictator of the Dominican In 1845, Santana exiled the entire Duarte family. Santana was awarded the hereditary title of Marqués de las Carreras by the Spanish Queen Isabel II and died soon after.
Juan Pablo Duarte, then living in Venezuela was made the Dominican Consul and provided with a pension to honor him for his sacrifice. But even this after some time was not honored and he lost commission and pension. He, Juan Pablo Duarte, the poet, philosopher, writer, actor, soldier, general, dreamer and hero died nobly in Caracas, Venezuela, at the age of 63. His remains were transferred to Dominican soil in 1884, ironically by president (dictator) Ulises Heureaux, and were given a proper burial with full honors. A dictator is an Authoritarian ruler (eg Absolutist or autocratic) who assumes sole and absolute power without hereditary ascension such as an Absolute Ulises Heureaux ( October 21, 1845 – July 26, 1899) was president of the Dominican Republic from 1 September He is entombed in a beautiful mausoleum at the Count's gate alongside Sanchez and Mella, who at that spot fired the rifle shot that propelled them into legend. His birth is commemorated by Dominicans every January 26.
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