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Jean-Bertrand Aristide
Jean-Bertrand Aristide

Jean-Bertrand Aristide with Bill Clinton in 1994. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States

39th & 41st President of Haiti
In office
February 7, 1991 – September 30, 1991
October 12, 1994 – February 7, 1996
February 7, 2001 – February 29, 2004
Prime MinisterRené Préval
Smarck Michel
Claudette Werleigh
Jean Marie Chérestal
Yvon Neptune
Preceded byErtha Pascal-Trouillot (provisional)
Émile Jonassaint (provisional)
René Préval
Succeeded byRaoul Cédras (Leader of the Military Junta)
René Préval
Boniface Alexandre (provisional)
BornJuly 15, 1953
Port-Salut, Haiti
Political partyLavalas
ReligionRoman Catholic

Jean-Bertrand Aristide (born July 15, 1953) is a Haitian politician and former Roman Catholic priest who was President of Haiti in 1991, again from 1994 to 1996, and then from 2001 to 2004. The President of Haiti is the Head of state of the Republic of Haiti. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Leap years Although the modern calendar counts a year as 365 days a complete revolution around the sun takes approximately 365 days and 6 hours "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " René Garcia Préval ( IPA: /ʀəne pʀeval/ (born January 17, 1943) is a Haitian politician and Agronomist who has been Smarck Michel was appointed prime minister of Haiti on October 27 1994, occupying the post from November 8 1994 to October Claudette Werleigh (born 1946 was Prime Minister of Haïti from November 7 1995 to February 7 1996. Jean Marie Chérestal was prime minister of Haïti from 2 March 2001 to 21 January 2002. Yvon Neptune (born November 8, 1946 in Cavaillon, Haiti) was the Prime Minister of Haïti from 2002 until 2004 Ertha Pascal-Trouillot (born August 13, 1943) was the provisional President of Haiti from 1990 through 1991. Émile Jonassaint (1913 Port-de-Paix - – October 24, 1995, Port-au-Prince) was a Haïtian Supreme Court Justice René Garcia Préval ( IPA: /ʀəne pʀeval/ (born January 17, 1943) is a Haitian politician and Agronomist who has been Raoul Cédras (born Jérémie Haiti July 9, 1949) is a former Haitian military officer and leader of the military Junta from 1991 to 1994 René Garcia Préval ( IPA: /ʀəne pʀeval/ (born January 17, 1943) is a Haitian politician and Agronomist who has been Boniface Alexandre (born 31 July 1936) was the Acting president of Haïti from 2004 to 2006 Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Port-Salut is a coastal town in the Sud Department of Haiti and the hometown of Haiti's deposed president Jean-Bertrand Aristide who was born there in Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: Fanmi Lavalas is a populist leftist Political party in Haiti. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites in particular rites of sacrifice to and propitiation of a deity or deities This page lists presidents and other heads of state of Haiti. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Aristide was the second elected leader of Haiti and was popular among its poor inhabitants. He was overthrown twice, first in a military coup d'état in September, 1991, and subsequently in a February 2004 rebellion in which former soldiers prominently participated. The 2004 Haiti coup was a regime overthrow that happened as the result of conflicts fought for several weeks in Haiti during February 2004 After being deposed a second time he maintained from exile in the Central African Republic that he was still the legal and legitimate president and that United States forces had kidnapped him. Central Africa|Central African FederationThe Central African Republic ( CAR) République Centrafricaine ʀepyblik sɑ̃tʀafʀikɛn or Centrafrique) is a Landlocked The United States of America —commonly referred to as the In Criminal law, kidnapping is the taking away or Asportation of a person against the person's will usually to hold the person in False imprisonment [1]

Contents

Education and church career

Aristide was born in Port-Salut. Port-Salut is a coastal town in the Sud Department of Haiti and the hometown of Haiti's deposed president Jean-Bertrand Aristide who was born there in He was educated at Salesian schools in Port-au-Prince and at the College Notre Dame, graduating with honors in 1974. The Salesians of Don Bosco (or the Salesian Society, originally known as the Society of St PortAuPrinceTapTapjpg|right|thumb|270px|A taptap (shared taxi in central Port-au-Prince For schools of the same name see Notre Dame High School College Notre Dame Du Perpetuel Secours is an all-male private Roman Catholic primary and Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. He then took a course of novitiate studies in La Vega, Dominican Republic before returning to Haiti to study philosophy at the Grand Seminaire Notre Dame and psychology at the State University of Haiti. Concepción de La Vega better known as La Vega, is the largest city and municipality of the central Dominican Republic. The Dominican Republic ( Spanish: República Dominicana;) is a nation located in the Caribbean region and shares the island of Hispaniola with Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language Psychology (from Greek grc ψῡχή psȳkhē, "breath life soul" and grc -λογία -logia) is an Academic and Haiti's most important institution of Higher education in the 1980s was the State University of Haiti. After completing his post-graduate studies in 1979, he traveled in Europe, studying in Italy and Israel. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Aristide returned to Haiti in 1983 for his ordination as a Salesian priest. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar)

He was appointed curate of a small parish in Port-au-Prince and then a larger one in the La Saline slums, gaining the affectionate Kréyòl nickname "Titide" or "Titid" . From the Latin curatus (compare Curator) a curate is a person who is invested with the ''care'' or ''cure'' (''cura'' ''of souls'' of a A parish is a Local church; it is an administrative unit typically found in episcopal or presbyterian churches Haitian Creole language ( kreyòl ayisyen) often called simply Creole or Kreyòl ( pronounced) is a language spoken in Haiti An exponent of liberation theology, he became a leading figure in the more radical wing of the Catholic faith in Haiti (the ti legliz — from the Kréyòl for "little church"), and broadcast his sermons on the national Catholic radio station. Liberation theology is a school of Theology within Christianity, particularly in the Roman Catholic In a January 1988 interview with National Catholic Reporter, Aristide said,"The solution is revolution, first in the spirit of the Gospel; Jesus could not accept people going hungry. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) It is a conflict between classes, rich and poor. My role is to preach and organize. . . . " Father Aristide was expelled from his Salesian order in 1988. At the time, the Salesians said the priest's political activities were an "incitement to hatred and violence" and out of line with his role as a clergyman. In 1995 Aristide left the priesthood. It enabled him the following year to marry Mildred Trouillot, a US citizen, with whom he now has two daughters. Mildred Trouillot-Aristide (born 1963 is a Haïtian-American lawyer who married Jean-Bertrand Aristide, the former President of Haïti in 1996 The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

Aristide as President

First presidency and coup

Following the violence at the abortive national elections of 1987, the 1990 elections were approached with caution. Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) The presidential election in Haïti in 1990 is often cited as the first democratic Election in the country's history Aristide announced his candidacy for the presidency and following a six-week campaign, during which he dubbed his followers "Lavalas" — "the flood" or "torrent" in Kréyòl — the "little priest" was elected President with 67% of the vote in what is generally considered the first honest election in Haiti's history (the country had gained independence in 1804). Fanmi Lavalas is a populist leftist Political party in Haiti. Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Aristide took office on February 7, 1991. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar.

On September 30, 1991, the army staged a coup against Aristide and installed Joseph Nérette as president. Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Joseph Nérette ( 1924 - April 29, 2007) was a Haïtian judge and Political figure. However, real power was held by army commander Raoul Cédras. Raoul Cédras (born Jérémie Haiti July 9, 1949) is a former Haitian military officer and leader of the military Junta from 1991 to 1994 [2]

Aristide spent his exile first in Venezuela and then in the United States, working hard to develop international support. Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Under U. S. and international pressure, the military regime backed down and U. S. troops were deployed in the country. On October 15, 1994, Aristide returned to Haiti to complete his term in office. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) The resulting embargo during Aristide's exile was a strong blow to Haiti's already weak economy. Aristide disbanded the Haitian army, and established a civilian police force. An army (from Latin Armata "act of arming" via Old French armée) in the broadest sense is the land-based Armed forces Police are agents or agencies usually of the executive, empowered to enforce the law and to effect public and social order through the legitimatized use of force

Aristide's first term ended in February 1996, and the constitution did not allow him to serve consecutive terms. There was some dispute over whether Aristide should serve the three years he had lost in exile prior to new elections, or whether his term in office should instead be counted strictly according to the date of his inauguration; it was decided that the latter should be the case. René Préval, a prominent ally of Aristide and Prime Minister in 1991 under Aristide, ran during the 1995 presidential election and took 88% of the vote. René Garcia Préval ( IPA: /ʀəne pʀeval/ (born January 17, 1943) is a Haitian politician and Agronomist who has been This marked the first time in Haitian history that there was a peaceful and democratic transition of power.

Second presidency

In late 1996, Aristide broke from the OPL (which had supported IMF privatization plans) and created a new political party, the Fanmi Lavalas. Fanmi Lavalas is a populist leftist Political party in Haiti. The OPL, holding the majority in the Sénat and the Chambre des Députés, renamed itself the Organisation du Peuple en Lutte, maintaining the OPL acronym. The Senate of Haiti (Sénat is the Upper house of Haiti 's Bicameral Legislature, the National Assembly. The Organisation du Peuple en Lutte ( Haitian Creole: Oganizasyon Pèp Kap Lité, OPL is a Haitian political party originating from the Lavalas The Fanmi Lavalas won the 2000 legislative election but the opposition leaders claimed that a number of the seats were invalid. Aristide then was elected later that year in an election in which was boycotted by most opposition political parties.

The U. S. , Canada, and France backed an embargo on certain aid to Aristide's aid-dependent government. Aristide became increasingly dependent on street gangs known as "chimeres" to maintain his authoritative rule. The ex-military carried out violent raids into the central plateau and attempted a coup in a December 2001 attack on the national palace in Port-au-Prince. By January 2004 the ex-military and civil society, political opposition had joined together in a campaign to bring down the elected government which they viewed as increasingly repressive which finally resulted in the U. S. embassy bringing in U. S. marines to pull the president out of the country.

2004 Haitian rebellion

For more details on this topic, see 2004 Haitian rebellion. The 2004 Haiti coup was a regime overthrow that happened as the result of conflicts fought for several weeks in Haiti during February 2004

After a rebellion in 2004 Aristide left Haiti. The role of the U. S. in this departure is disputed.

Potential return

After René Préval, a former ally of Aristide, was elected as president of Haiti, he hinted that Aristide might return to Haiti. René Garcia Préval ( IPA: /ʀəne pʀeval/ (born January 17, 1943) is a Haitian politician and Agronomist who has been [3][4] But since then he has not provided a time frame for him to come back and all indications show that he won't do so as not to jeopardize the stability of the country. Following Aristide's ousting in 2004 very few nations continued to recognize Aristide as the democratically elected president of Haiti. Not one member of CARICOM (a Caribbean economic union) recognized the provisional government which replaced Aristide. The interim government was however recognized by the United States, Canada, France and the European Union but once Préval was elected to power, he was recognized as the Haitian head of state by CARICOM.

In South Africa, Aristide became an honorary research fellow at the University of South Africa, learned Zulu, and on April 25, 2007 received a doctorate in African Languages. Zulu (called isiZulu in Zulu is a Language of the Zulu people with about 10 million speakers the vast majority (over 95% of whom live in South Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. [5] On December 21, 2007, a speech by Aristide marking the new year and Haiti's Independence Day was broadcast, the fourth such speech since his exile; in the speech he criticized the 2006 presidential election, in which Préval was elected, describing it as a "selection" in which "the knife of treason was planted" in the back of the Haitian people. Events 69 - The end of the Year of the four emperors: Following Galba, Otho and Vitellius, Vespasian Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The 2006 Elections in Haiti, to replace the interim government of Gérard Latortue put in place after the 2004 Haiti rebellion, were delayed four [6]

After the election some high ranking members of Lavalas have been targeted for violence. [7] [8] Lovinsky Pierre-Antoine, a leading human rights organizer in Haiti and a member of Lavalas, disappeared in August 2007. [9] His whereabouts remain unknown. [10]

Position on globalization

In 2004 Aristide published a book, The Eyes of the Heart: Seeking a Path for the Poor in the Age of Globalization, which used Haiti as a case study of globalization. The Eyes of the Heart Seeking a Path for the Poor in the Age of Globalization is a book written by Jean-Bertrand Aristide about the effects of Globalization Globalization (or globalisation) in its literal sense is the process of transformation of local or regional phenomena into global ones Aristide specifically points out problems with the World Bank and the IMF in creating larger problems within Haitian society and the economy. The World Bank is an internationally supported Bank that provides financial and technical assistance to developing countries for development programs (e The International Monetary Fund ( IMF) is an International organization that oversees the Global financial system by following the Macroeconomic

Quotes

Excerpt from speech given by Aristide on September 27, 1991. Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. The Elite saw this speech as a direct threat by Aristide to change their "evil" ways. Anti-Aristide groups often use this speech to claim Aristide was violent. Many blame this speech for the coup d'état which occurred shortly after as Aristide opponents felt threatened by his increase use of mobs to push his mandate.

"Now, whenever you are hungry, turn your eyes in the direction of those people who aren't hungry. Whenever you are out of work, turn your eyes in the direction of those who can put people to work. Ask them why not? What are you waiting for? Are you waiting for the sea to dry up (He actually made a play on words, rhyming "Tann" with "Pwa Tann" which means waiting for tender beans to mature). Why don't you start? It's time for you to start, because the country needs you, the country needs us economically, so that we can do better, twice as much. Whenever you feel the heat of unemployment, whenever the heat of the pavement begins to make you feel awful, whenever you feel revolt inside you, turn your eyes to the direction of those with the means. Ask them why not? What are you waiting for? Why this long wait? Are you waiting for the seas to dry up? And if you catch a cat (the slang in Creole for thief), if you catch a thief, if you catch a false, Lavalassian, if you catch a false. . . (he stopped right in the middle of the word), if you catch one who shouldn't be there, don't he-si-tate - to - give - him - what - he - deserves (staccato for effect and repeated twice, and his voice rising in a crescendo). Your tool in hand, your instrument in hand, your constitution in hand! Don't he - si-tate - to - give - him - what - he - deserves. Your equipment in hand, your trowel in hand, your pencil in hand, your Constitution in hand, don't he-si-tate - to - give - him - what - he - deserves. "

Notes

  1. ^ Aristide: US forced me to leave. BBC. Retrieved on July 21, 2006.
  2. ^ "Leader Of Haiti Ousted Military Takes Over After Seizing Aristide" (reprint), St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 1991-10-01. The St Louis Post-Dispatch is the only major city-wide Newspaper in St Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela.  
  3. ^ Haiti 'to allow' Aristide return. BBC. Retrieved on July 21, 2006.
  4. ^ Thousands demand Aristide return. BBC. Retrieved on July 21, 2006.
  5. ^ "Exiled Aristide gets SA doctorate", iafrica. com, April 26, 2007.
  6. ^ "Exiled former Haitian president stirs supporters with speech", Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), December 22, 2007.
  7. ^ "Dr. Maryse Narcisse Kidnapped in Haiti" Dr. Maryse Narcisse was a member of the National Commission of the Fanmi Lavalas Party who was kidnapped in Octerber 2007, and later freed after a ransom was paid.
  8. ^ Amnesty International Index: AMR 36/008/2007 — Wilson Mésilien, the successor to Lovinsky Pierre-Antoine, had to go into hiding following death threats.
  9. ^ "We are urging for the safe return of Lovinsky Pierre-Antoine"
  10. ^ "Thousands march in Haiti on anniversary of Aristide's departure". The article states "Like many protesters, he wore a T-shirt demanding the return of foundation leader Lovinsky Pierre-Antoine, a human rights activist and critic of both UN and U. S. involvement in Haiti who disappeared in August. "

References

  1. Agence Haitienne de Presse (Independent Haitian News Service) Hidden From the Headlines: The U. S. War Against Haiti, by Laura Flynn, Robert Roth and Pierre Labossiere, published by the Haiti Action Committee, September 2003, available at www. haitiaction. net.
  2. Interviews and site visits conducted by the authors in Port-au-Prince in January and July 2004. L’enfant en Domesticité en Haiti, Produit D’Un Fossé Historique, Mildred Aristide, March 2003. Address of Jean-Bertrand Aristide on the occasion of the Haitian Bicentennial, January 1, 2004. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "
  3. Haiti Information Project—reports and eyewitness accounts available at www. haitiaction. net. “Option Zero in Haiti,” by Peter Hallward in the New Left Review, May–June 2004. “Haiti’s Wretched of the Earth,” Paul Farmer, Tikkun Magazine, May–June 2004. Tikkun is a bi-monthly English-language magazine published in the United States, that analyzes American and Israeli culture politics religion and history “Concretizing Democracy” (series of reports) by Michelle Karshan, Office of the Foreign Press Liaison.
  4. Haitian Government Briefing Papers issued February 7, 2003. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. (February 7, 2003 “The Aids Crisis and Healthcare,” “Haiti’s Police Force,” “Promoting Investment and Raising the Minimum Wage,” “Battling Corruption and Drug Trafficking,” “Justice”). Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. L’Union (Haitian government daily paper of record).
  5. HUMAN RIGHTS REPORTS Report of the Center for the Study of Human Rights, University of Miami Law School, January 18, 2005. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The whole report, including photographs, is available at www. ijdh. org/CSHRhaitireport. pdf. The Institute for Justice and Democracy in Haiti has issued four reports documenting systematic, widespread attacks against Lavalas officials, grassroots activists and the press, and abuse of the judicial system for political reprisals. These reports are available www. ijdh. org. Haiti Accompaniment Project Reports, July 29, 2004, November, 2004, document human rights abuses and the reversal of Lavalas social and economic programs. Events 1014 - Byzantine-Bulgarian Wars: Battle of Kleidion: Byzantine emperor Basil II inflicts a decisive defeat "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " (available at www. haitiaction. net)
  6. Now unavailable news pieces by Yahoo News, Reuters et al. Yahoo! News is an Internet -based News aggregator provided by Yahoo!. This article is primarily about Reuters prior to its 2008 merger with Thomson
  7. Now available as well the film "Aristide and the Endless Revolution" by filmmaker Nicolas Rossier (www. aristidethefilm. com)

External links

Preceded by
Ertha Pascal-Trouillot		President of Haiti
1991		Succeeded by
Raoul Cédras
Preceded by
Marc Bazin		President of Haiti
1993–1994		Succeeded by
Émile Jonassaint
Preceded by
Émile Jonassaint		President of Haiti
1994–1996		Succeeded by
René Préval
Preceded by
René Préval		President of Haiti
2001–2004		Succeeded by
Boniface Alexandre
Ertha Pascal-Trouillot (born August 13, 1943) was the provisional President of Haiti from 1990 through 1991. This page lists presidents and other heads of state of Haiti. Raoul Cédras (born Jérémie Haiti July 9, 1949) is a former Haitian military officer and leader of the military Junta from 1991 to 1994 Marc Louis Bazin (born 6 March 1932) is a former World Bank official former United Nations functionary and Haïtian Minister This page lists presidents and other heads of state of Haiti. Émile Jonassaint (1913 Port-de-Paix - – October 24, 1995, Port-au-Prince) was a Haïtian Supreme Court Justice Émile Jonassaint (1913 Port-de-Paix - – October 24, 1995, Port-au-Prince) was a Haïtian Supreme Court Justice This page lists presidents and other heads of state of Haiti. René Garcia Préval ( IPA: /ʀəne pʀeval/ (born January 17, 1943) is a Haitian politician and Agronomist who has been René Garcia Préval ( IPA: /ʀəne pʀeval/ (born January 17, 1943) is a Haitian politician and Agronomist who has been This page lists presidents and other heads of state of Haiti. Boniface Alexandre (born 31 July 1936) was the Acting president of Haïti from 2004 to 2006
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