House music is a style of electronic dance music that was developed by dance club DJs in Chicago in the early to mid-1970s and spread to Detroit, New York and eventually Europe. Rave music consists of forms of Electronic dance music that are associated with the rave scene. Nu jazz is an Umbrella term coined in the late 1990s to refer to music that blends Jazz elements with other musical styles such as Funk, Soul Madchester was an Alternative rock genre that developed in Manchester, England, towards the end of the 1980s and into the early 1990s This is a list of Electronic music genres sub-genres and styles though for the latter not all possess their own article (in which case see the main genre article Acid house is a sub-genre of House music that emphasizes a repetitive hypnotic and trance -like style with samples or spoken lines usually used rather than sung lyrics Deep house is a style of House music which fuses elements of Chicago house 80's soul jazz-funk and Detroit techno Funky house is a loose definition for a commercially orientated Disco influenced subgenre of House music. Microhouse, Buftech or sometimes just minimal, is a subgenre of house and glitch music Progressive electronic dance music (often referred to as just progressive) usually refers to differentiate various offshoot styles of Electronic dance music from Electro House is a subgenre of House music that rose to become one of the most prominent genres of Electronic dance music today For the TV game show see Dream House (game show. For the light & sound installation project see La Monte Young and Dream House 78' 17" UK Hard House or simply Hard House is a style of Hard Dance music that emerged in the 1990s Microhouse, Buftech or sometimes just minimal, is a subgenre of house and glitch music Tribal house is a form of Electronic dance music derived from House music but being highly drum-centric and often without a core melody Disco house is a 2000s form of House music that incorporates elements of disco Vocal house is a musical genre that came to the fore in the late 1980s and early 1990s Ambient house, a music genre that first emerged in the late 1980s is a sub-genre of House music, combining elements of Acid house and Ambient music Ghetto house, booty house or Juke house is a type of Chicago House which started being recognised in its own right from around 1992 onwards Hip-house, also known as house rap, is a musical genre that mixes elements of House music and hip-hop. Latin house is an electronic dance music subgenre that mixes together house and Latin American music, such as that of Brazilian Puerto Rican, Tech house, like Progressive house, represents a fusion of house and Techno. Chicago house is the earliest style of House music. House music originated in North America at a Chicago, USA, nightclub called The French house is a late 1990s form of House music, part of the 1990s and 2000s European dance music scene and the latest form of Euro disco. Italo house (often simply referred to as "Italo" is a form of House music popular in Italy, Britain and United States since the UK Hard House or simply Hard House is a style of Hard Dance music that emerged in the 1990s This is a list of artists who have worked in House music, a genre of Electronic dance music. House music has many sub-genres Acid house: A Chicago derivative built around the Roland TB-303 bassline machine Synonyms Since around the mid-1980s electronic dance music has enjoyed popularity in many Nightclubs and as of 2006 is the predominant type of music played in A discothèque, diskoˈtɛk̚ compare the Spanish "discoteca" is an Entertainment venue or Club with recorded music played by "Discaires" A disc jockey (also known as DJ or deejay) is a person who selects and plays recorded music for an audience Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. House music is strongly influenced by elements of the early to mid 1970s soul- and funk-infused dance music style of disco House music takes disco's use of a prominent bass drum on every beat and developed a new style by mixing in a heavy electronic synthesizer bassline, electronic drums, electronic effects, funk and pop samples, and reverb- or delay-enhanced vocals. Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define An electronic drum is a Percussion instrument in which the sound is generated by an electronic waveform generator or sampler instead of by acoustic vibration In Music, sampling is the act of taking a portion or sample, of one Sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or element of a new recording Reverberation is the persistence of Sound in a particular space after the original sound is removed

Musical elements

The common element of house music is a prominent kick drum on every beat (also known as a four-to-the-floor beat), usually generated by a drum machine or sampler. A bass drum is a large Drum that produces a note of low definite or indefinite pitch. "Four to the Floor" is a hit single by the band Starsailor. For the early "drum machine" computers that used a rotating cylinder as their main memory see Drum memory A drum machine is an A sampler is an electronic musical instrument closely related to a Synthesizer. The kick drum sound is augmented by various kick fills and extended dropouts. A bass drum is a large Drum that produces a note of low definite or indefinite pitch. The drum track is filled out with hihat cymbal patterns on the eighth-note offbeats, and a snare drum or clap sound on beats two and four of every bar. A hi-hat, or hihat, is a type of Cymbal and stand used as a typical part of a Drum kit by percussionists in R&B, hip-hop, Disco The snare drum is a Drum with strands of snares made of curled metal wire metal cable plastic cable or gut cords stretched across the a drumhead typically This pattern is derived from so-called "four-on-the-floor" dance drumbeats of the 1960s and especially the 1970s disco drummers. "Four to the Floor" is a hit single by the band Starsailor. Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define Producers commonly layer sampled drum sounds to achieve a more complex sound, filling out the audio spectrum and tailoring the mix for large club sound systems. House music is uptempo music for dancing and has a tempo range of between 118 and 135 bpm. Uptempo (also spelled up-tempo) is a generally used term especially in music but also in other areas meaning a fast lively or increased tempo or played or done in such a tempo Beats per minute ( BPM) is a unit typically used as either a measure of Tempo in music or a measure of one's Heart rate. Producers use many different sound sources for bass sounds in house music, from continuous, repeating electronically-generated lines sequenced on a synthesizer such as a Roland TB-303 to studio recordings or samples of live electric bassists, or simply filtered-down samples from whole stereo recordings (from classic funk tracks or any other song). The Roland TB-303 Bass Line is a Synthesizer with built-in sequencer manufactured by the Roland corporation from 1982 to 1984 Electronically-generated sounds and samples of recordings from genres such as jazz, blues and synth pop are often added to the foundation of the drum beat and synth bass line. In Music, sampling is the act of taking a portion or sample, of one Sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or element of a new recording Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression Synthpop is a subgenre of New Wave and Pop music in which the Synthesizer is the dominant musical instrument House songs may also include disco or soul-style and gospel vocals and additional percussion. Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define The soul, according to many religious and philosophical beliefs is the self-awareness, or Consciousness, unique to a particular living Gospel music is Music that is written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life as well as (in terms of the varying music styles to Techno and trance, which developed alongside house music, share this basic beat infrastructure, but they usually eschew house's live-music-influenced feel and Black or Latin music influences in favor of more synthetic sound sources and approach. Techno is a form of Electronic dance music (EDM that emerged in Detroit, Michigan, USA during the mid to late 1980s Trance is a style of Electronic dance music that developed in the 1990s African American music (also called black music) is an umbrella term given to a range of Music and Musical genres emerging from or influenced by the Latin music, includes the music of all countries in Latin America (and the Caribbean) and comes in many varieties

History

Precursors

The Paradise Garage nightclub in New York City

House music is the descendant of the 1970s dance style of disco, which blended soul, R&B, funk, salsa, rock and pop with a progressive, pro-diversity message. Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define Soul music is a Music genre that combines Rhythm and blues and Gospel music, originating in the United States. Funk is an American musical style that originated in the mid- to late-1960s when African American musicians blended Soul music, Soul In the late 1970s, disco songs began incorporating electronic sounds, such as Giorgio Moroder's landmark production of Donna Summer's hit single "I Feel Love" from 1977. Hansjörg "Giorgio" Moroder (born on April 26 1940 in Urtijëi, Italy) is an Italian Record producer, songwriter Donna Summer (born LaDonna Adrian Gaines December 31, 1948) is an American Singer-songwriter and Musician who gained " I Feel Love " is a song by Donna Summer, taken from her 1977 concept album I Remember Yesterday. Events Bohemian Rhapsody is named 'The Best Single Of The Last 25 Years' by BPI. In the same year, Kraftwerk's album Trans-Europe Express began being played in New York discos; this album contains a number of the elements and samples that later appeared in techno and drum and bass. Kraftwerk (ˈkʁaftvɛɐk German for " power plant " or " Power station " is an influential Electronic music band from Trans-Europe Express is a 1977 album by German band Kraftwerk. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Techno is a form of Electronic dance music (EDM that emerged in Detroit, Michigan, USA during the mid to late 1980s

In 1984, Lime released an album with a style dubbed "HiNRG", which moulded the late 1970s sounds of Giorgio Moroder and Kraftwerk into a catchy club style with beatbox programming and breakdown sections. Lime was a disco group from Montréal, Canada, during the 1980s Hi-NRG (High Energy is a type of high-speed Electronic dance music which was popular in Nightclubs in the late 1970s and 1980s Hansjörg "Giorgio" Moroder (born on April 26 1940 in Urtijëi, Italy) is an Italian Record producer, songwriter Kraftwerk (ˈkʁaftvɛɐk German for " power plant " or " Power station " is an influential Electronic music band from In Popular music a break is an Instrumental or percussion section or interlude during a song derived from or related to Stop-time &ndash being M and M's club mixes and Jesse Saunders - "On and On" (1984/1985) had many elements of electronic dance music that developed into the house music sound, such as synths (including the 303) and minimal vocals. The Roland TB-303 Bass Line is a Synthesizer with built-in sequencer manufactured by the Roland corporation from 1982 to 1984 On and On was the first recognised house release to be pressed and sold to the general public and often cited as the 'first house music record'. ^[1][2] House music also incorporated other influences, such as New Wave, Reggae, European synthpop, industrial and punk as well as the emerging hip hop style. New Wave is a Rock music genre that existed during the late 1970s and the 1980s Reggae is a Music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s Synthpop is a subgenre of New Wave and Pop music in which the Synthesizer is the dominant musical instrument Industrial music is a loose term for a number of different styles of Experimental music, especially but not necessarily Electronic music. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with House music DJs experimented with new editing techniques and electronic instruments, such as remixing, sampling, synthesizers, and sequencers. A disc jockey (also known as DJ or deejay) is a person who selects and plays recorded music for an audience A remix is an alternative version of a song different from the original version In Music, sampling is the act of taking a portion or sample, of one Sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or element of a new recording A music sequencer (also MIDI sequencer or just sequencer) is software or hardware designed to create and manage computer-generated music

Etymology

The origins of the term "house music" are disputed. The term may have its origin from a club called the The Warehouse, which was one of the nightclubs that became popular among the teenagers living in the Chicago area in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The Warehouse (or the "House" for short was a Nightclub that was established in Chicago, Illinois in 1977 under the direction of Robert A nightclub (or "night club" or "club" is a drinking, dancing, and entertainment venue which does its primary business after dark The Warehouse was patronized primarily by gay, black and Latino men,^[3] who came to dance to DJ Frankie Knuckles' mix of classic disco, European synthpop, new wave, industrial, and punk recordings. A disc jockey (also known as DJ or deejay) is a person who selects and plays recorded music for an audience Frankie Knuckles (born January 18 1955, New York) is an American DJ, Record producer and Remix artist Knuckles released his dance tracks and mixes on D. J. International Records as well as on the Trax Records label. Trax Records was a house-music Record label that was based in Chicago, and put out seminal House records such as Jamie Principle & Frankie Knuckles These dance tracks became known as house music. The legendary club gained considerable fame in the mid 70s and grew tremendously towards the end the 70s. Knuckles production's increased at that time, and his mix of the Jamie Principle song "Your Love" is considered by many the track that was the launching pad for house. Jamie Principle House music producer and vocalist born in Chicago Illinois.

Chip E.'s recording "It's House" may also have helped to define this new form of electronic music. Irwin Larry Eberhart II (born 1966 in Chicago, Illinois) also known as Chip E ^[4] Chip E. claims the name came from methods of labelling records at the Imports Etc. record store, where he worked in the early 1980s; music that DJ Knuckles played at the Warehouse nightclub was labelled in the store "As Heard At The Warehouse", which was shortened to simply "House music". ^[5]

Larry Heard, aka "Mr. Larry Heard (born May 31 1960 is a Memphis Tennessee-based musicia Fingers", claims that the term "house" reflected the fact that many early DJs created music in their own homes, using synthesizers and drum machines, including the Roland TR-808, TR-909, and the TB 303 Bassline synthesizer-sequencer. The Roland TR-808 Rhythm Composer was one of the first programmable Drum machines ("TR" serving as an Initialism for Transistor Rhythm The Roland TR-909 Rhythm Composer is a partially analog, partially sample-based Drum machine built by the Japanese Roland Corporation The Roland TB-303 Bass Line is a Synthesizer with built-in sequencer manufactured by the Roland corporation from 1982 to 1984 These synthesizers were used to create a house music subgenre called acid house. Acid house is a sub-genre of House music that emphasizes a repetitive hypnotic and trance -like style with samples or spoken lines usually used rather than sung lyrics ^[6]

Juan Atkins, an originator of Detroit techno music, claims the term "house" reflected the exclusive association of particular tracks with particular DJs; those tracks were their "house" records (much like a restaurant might have a "house" salad dressing). Juan Atkins (born December 9, 1962) is an American musician He is widely credited as the originator of Techno music specifically Techno is a form of Electronic dance music (EDM that emerged in Detroit, Michigan, USA during the mid to late 1980s ^[7]

Chicago years: early 1980s - late 1980s

Main article: Chicago house

Not everyone understands House music; it's a spiritual thing; a body thing; a soul thing. Chicago house is the earliest style of House music. House music originated in North America at a Chicago, USA, nightclub called The

– From a track produced by Eddie Amador listen to 22 s sample (488Kb)

House music was developed in the houses, garages and clubs of Chicago and Detroit, and it was produced for local club-goers in the "underground" club scenes, rather than for widespread commercial release. Eddie Amador is an American House music DJ, producer and remixer famous for the phrase "Not everyone understands house music it's a spiritual thing a Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. As a result, the recordings were much more conceptual, longer than the music usually played on commercial radio. House, techno, electro and hip-hop musicians used analog synthesizers and sequencers to create and arrange the electronic elements and samples on their tracks. Techno is a form of Electronic dance music (EDM that emerged in Detroit, Michigan, USA during the mid to late 1980s Electro ( electro-boogie, electro-funk) is a Genre of Electronic music directly influenced by the use of TR-808 and Funk Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with An analog synthesizer is a Synthesizer that uses analog circuits and Analog computer techniques to generate sound electronically A song is a Musical composition. Songs contain vocal parts that are performed 'sung' and generally feature Words ( Lyrics) commonly followed

House music "humanized" the new electronic instruments by combining live traditional instruments and percussion and soulful vocals with preprogrammed electronic synthesizers and "beat-boxes".

Main stream record stores often did not carry these 12 inch vinyl singles, as they were not available through the major record distributors. In Chicago, records stores such as Importes Etc. , State Street Records, JR’s Music shop and Gramaphone Records were the primary suppliers of this music. The record-store Importes Etc, is believed to be where the term “house” was introduced as a shortening of "Warehouse".

The music was still essentially disco until the early 1980s when the first stand-alone drum machines were invented. For the early "drum machine" computers that used a rotating cylinder as their main memory see Drum memory A drum machine is an House tracks could now be given an edge with the use of a mixer and drum machine. This was an added boost to the prestige of the individual DJs. Underground club DJs like Ron Hardy and radio jocks The Hot Mix 5 played Italo Disco tracks like "Dirty Talk" and the "MBO Theme" by Klein M. Ron Hardy Born May 8 1958-(died 1991 was an instrumental figure and DJ in the development of House music. Dirty talk, formally known as lagnolalia, is the practice of using graphic word imagery to heighten sexual pleasure before and during the Sex act. B. O. , Early B-Boy Hip Hop tracks such as Man Parrish's "Hip Hop Be Bop" and Afrika Bambaataa and the Soul Sonic Force's Planet Rock and Looking for the Perfect Beat as well as electronic music by Kraftwerk, these genres were influential to the Chicago genre of House. Man Parrish (full name Manuel Joseph Parrish born May 6, 1958) is considered to be one of the pioneers of the Electronic music and Hip hop Afrika Bambaataa (born Kevin Donovan on April 17, 1957) is an American DJ from the South Bronx, who was instrumental in the " Looking For The Perfect Beat " is a 1983 electro / hip hop Song by Afrika Bambaataa. Kraftwerk (ˈkʁaftvɛɐk German for " power plant " or " Power station " is an influential Electronic music band from

Jesse Saunders “Jes Say Records” who had club hits with more “B-boy Hip Hop” oriented tracks like “Come to Me” by Gwendolyn and “Dum Dum” as well as the Italo Disco influenced “Under Cover” by Dr. Derelict released the first Chicago home made house hit, “On and On” (1984) which had hypnotic lyrics, driving bassline, and percussion. This was the first house record pressed and sold to the general public and presaged many later genres of electronic dance music such as acid trance. Synonyms Since around the mid-1980s electronic dance music has enjoyed popularity in many Nightclubs and as of 2006 is the predominant type of music played in Acid trance is a style of Trance music that emerged in the late '80s early '90s focusing on utilising the acid sound

In 1985, Mr Fingers's landmark "Can You Feel It?"/"Washing Machine"/"Mystery of Love" showed a jazz-influenced, lush, sound that was created using a Roland TR-707 and Juno 6 synthesizer. Larry Heard (born May 31 1960 is a Memphis Tennessee-based musicia Can You Feel It? Is the title of one of the first records released by Deep House legend Larry Heard also known as Mr Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States This song helped to start the trend for the Deep house genre, which had a slower beat of 110-125 bpm. Deep house is a style of House music which fuses elements of Chicago house 80's soul jazz-funk and Detroit techno In the same year, Chip E.'s "It's House" is a good example of the Chicago House Music style. Irwin Larry Eberhart II (born 1966 in Chicago, Illinois) also known as Chip E Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. In 1986, Phuture's "Acid Trax" (1986) showed the development of a house music subgenre called acid house which arose from experiments with a 303 machine by Chicago musicians such as DJ Pierre. Phuture (nowadays called Phuture 303) is a Chicago -based Acid house group founded in 1985 by DJ Pierre, Spanky and Herb J Acid house is a sub-genre of House music that emphasizes a repetitive hypnotic and trance -like style with samples or spoken lines usually used rather than sung lyrics The Roland TB-303 Bass Line is a Synthesizer with built-in sequencer manufactured by the Roland corporation from 1982 to 1984 Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. DJ Pierre is the stage name of Nathaniel Pierre Jones, a Chicago born DJ and performer of house music

Early house recordings were Jamie Principle and Frankie Knuckles' "Your Love"; "On and On" by Jesse Saunders (1985) and Chip E. Jamie Principle House music producer and vocalist born in Chicago Illinois. Your Love is a song by Jamie Principle and Frankie Knuckles. The song is an early example of Chicago house music 's "The Jack Trax" featuring the songs “It’s House” and “Time to Jack”, which used complex rhythms, simple bassline, sampling technology, and minimalist vocals. By 1985, house music dominated the clubs of Chicago, largely in part due to the radio play the music received on 102. 7 FM WBMX which was the brainchild of Program director Lee Michaels through WBMX's resident DJ team, the Hot Mix 5.

The Roland TB-303 bass synthesizer

The music and movement was also aided by the electronic music revolution - the arrival of cheap and compact music sequencers, drum machines (the Roland TR-909, TR-808 and TR-707, and Latin percussion machine the TR-727) and bass modules (such as the Roland TB-303) gave House music creators even wider possibilities in creating their own sound. The Roland TB-303 Bass Line is a Synthesizer with built-in sequencer manufactured by the Roland corporation from 1982 to 1984 The Roland TR-909 Rhythm Composer is a partially analog, partially sample-based Drum machine built by the Japanese Roland Corporation The Roland TR-808 Rhythm Composer was one of the first programmable Drum machines ("TR" serving as an Initialism for Transistor Rhythm The Roland TB-303 Bass Line is a Synthesizer with built-in sequencer manufactured by the Roland corporation from 1982 to 1984 The acid house subgenre was developed from the experiments by DJ Pierre, Larry Heard (Mr. Fingers), and Marshall Jefferson with the new drum and rhythm machines. Acid house is a sub-genre of House music that emphasizes a repetitive hypnotic and trance -like style with samples or spoken lines usually used rather than sung lyrics DJ Pierre is the stage name of Nathaniel Pierre Jones, a Chicago born DJ and performer of house music Larry Heard (born May 31 1960 is a Memphis Tennessee-based musicia Larry Heard (born May 31 1960 is a Memphis Tennessee-based musicia Marshall Jefferson (born September 19, 1959) is widely regarded as one of the leading innovators of the genre of music now known as House music, in particular

Many of the songs that defined the Chicago house music sound were released by DJ International Records and Trax Records. In 1985, Trax released "Jack the Bass" and "Funkin' with the Drums Again" by Farley Jackmaster Funk. In 1986, Trax released "No Way Back" by Adonis, Larry Heard's (as Fingers Inc. Adonis (Άδωνης also Άδωνις is a figure of West Semitic origin where he is a central cult figure in various Mystery religions, who enters ) "Can You Feel It?" and "Washing Machine", and an early house anthem in 1986, "Move Your Body" by Marshall Jefferson, which helped to boost the popularity of the style outside of Chicago. Marshall Jefferson (born September 19, 1959) is widely regarded as one of the leading innovators of the genre of music now known as House music, in particular

In 1987, Steve 'Silk' Hurley's "Jack Your Body" was the first House track to reach No. "Steve Hurley" redirects here For the singer with Cockney Rebel see Steve Harley. 1 in the UK Top 40 pop chart. 1987 also saw M/A/R/R/S' "Pump Up The Volume" reach No. " Pump Up the Volume " ( 1987) was the only single released by British recording act M/A/R/R/S. 1 in the UK Top 40 pop chart. In 1989 Hurley transformed Roberta Flack's soft ballad "Uh Oh Look Out" into a boisterous dance track. Roberta Flack (born February 10, 1937) is an American Singer-songwriter and Musician who is notable in the areas of Jazz S'Express's "Theme from S'Express" (1988)is an example of a disco-influenced, funky acid house tune. S'Express (pronounced ess-express; sometimes spelled S'Xpress or S-Express; otherwise known as Victim of the Ghetto) was a British Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define Funk is an American musical style that originated in the mid- to late-1960s when African American musicians blended Soul music, Soul Acid house is a sub-genre of House music that emphasizes a repetitive hypnotic and trance -like style with samples or spoken lines usually used rather than sung lyrics It uses samples from Rose Royce's song "Is it Love You're After" over a Roland 303 bassline. Rose Royce is a Grammy Award -winning soul, Funk, and Disco band based in Los Angeles. In 1989, Black Box - "Ride on time" (which sampled Loleatta Holloway's 1980 disco hit, Love Sensation) hit number 1 in the UK top 40 and Technotronic's song "Pump Up the Jam" (1989) was one of the early house records to break the top 10 on the US pop charts. Black box is a technical term for a device or system or object when it is viewed primarily in terms of its input and output characteristics Loleatta Holloway (born November 5, 1946, Chicago Illinois) is an American Singer, mainly known for Disco Songs Technotronic is a studio-based Belgian house-music project formed by Jo Bogaert (born Thomas De Quincey, 1954 Aalst Belgium in 1988 " Pump Up the Jam " is the opening track on Technotronic 's album Pump Up the Jam The Album. A year later, Madonna's "Vogue" went to number one on charts worldwide, becoming the highest selling single on WEA up to that time. Madonna Louise Ciccone Ritchie (born August 16 1958 known as Madonna, is an American "Vogue" was the first single by American singer-songwriter Madonna from her soundtrack album I'm Breathless (Music from and Inspired by the Warner Music Group (WMG is the third-largest of the "big four" major record labels, the others being Sony BMG, EMI, and Universal In 1992, Leftfield's song "Release the Pressure" helped to introduce a new subgenre of house called progressive house. Leftfield were a duo of Electronica artists and Record producers Paul Daley (formerly of The Rivals, A Man Called Adam and the " Release the Pressure " was the third single released under the Leftfield name and the first to involve Paul Daley with writing duties after he joined the

House music also had an influence of relaying political messages to people who were considered to be outcast of society. It offered for those who didn't fit into mainstream American society, especially celebrated by many black gays. Frankie Knuckles made a good comparison of House saying it was like "church for people who have fallen from grace" and Marshall Jefferson compared it to "old-time religion in the way that people just get happy and screamin'" (30). Deep house was similar to many of the messages of freedom for the black community. Both House CDs by Joe Smooth, "Promised Land" and Db "I Have a Dream" give similar messages of Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech. House was also very sexual and had much mystic in it. It went so far as to have a "eroto-mystic delirium" (31). Jamie Principle's "Baby Wants to Ride" begins in a prayer but surprisingly is about a dominatrix who seduces a man to "ride" her through the rest of the song. House dance itself is a lot older than house music, which arose in the late 1970s upon the end of the disco era during the times of such nightclubs as Chicago's Warehouse, New York's Loft and Paradise Garage. House dance takes from many different dance elements such as the Lindy era, African, Latin, Brazilian, jazz, tap, and even modern.

House dance has been debatingly broken down in 3 styles: Footwork, Jacking, and Lofting. It includes a variety of techniques and sub-styles that include skating, stomping, and shuffling. It also incorporates movements from many other sources such as whacking, voguing, Capoeira, tap, and Latin dances such as salsa. A wide variety of the movements came from jazz and bebop styles and even from African and Latin descent.

One of the primary elements in house dancing is a technique that came from Chicago that involves moving the torso forward and backward in a rippling motion, as if a wave were passing through it. When this movement is repeated and sped up to match the beat of a song it is called jacking, or "the jack. " All footwork in house dancing is said to initiate from the way the jack moves the center of gravity through space

House music especially Deep House was a jarring kind of genre in music which brought the immoral and different aspect of the sexual and minority in the forefront. House was definitely concerned with the sensuality of the body and setting oneself free-- without the worry of outside barriers. ^[8]

Detroit techno: mid 1980s - early 1990s

Main article: Detroit techno

See also: Techno#History

Detroit techno was developed in the mid 1980s. Detroit techno is an early style of electronic music beginning in 1980s Techno is a form of Electronic dance music (EDM that emerged in Detroit, Michigan, USA during the mid to late 1980s Though Detroit techno is a distinct musical form, its pioneers were also instrumental in forwarding house music internationally. Detroit techno developed as the legendary disc jockey The Electrifying Mojo conducted his own radio program at this time, influencing the fusion of eclectic sounds into the signature Detroit techno sound. The Electrifying Mojo (b Charles Johnson in Little Rock Arkansas) was a Detroit Disc jockey whose on-air journey of musical and social development shaped This sound, heavily influenced by European Electronica (Kraftwerk, Art of Noise), early B-boy Hip-Hop (Man Parrish, Soul Sonic Force) and Italo Disco (Doctor's Cat, Ris, Klein M. Art of Noise were an Avant-garde Synthpop group formed in 1983 by producer Trevor Horn, music journalist Paul Morley, and session For information on the breakdancers see B-boy. Benjamin "Benny" Cuntapay (born December 29, 1978) is an American Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Man Parrish (full name Manuel Joseph Parrish born May 6, 1958) is considered to be one of the pioneers of the Electronic music and Hip hop Afrika Bambaataa (born Kevin Donovan on April 17, 1957) is an American DJ from the South Bronx, who was instrumental in the Italo-Disco, is a very wide term that describes the 80's non UK European Disco productions B. O. ), was further pioneered by Juan Atkins, Derrick May, and Kevin Saunderson the "godfathers" of Detroit Techno. Juan Atkins (born December 9, 1962) is an American musician He is widely credited as the originator of Techno music specifically Derrick May, also known as Mayday and Rhythim is Rhythim, is an Electronic musician from Detroit Michigan U Kevin Maurice Saunderson (born in Brooklyn, New York on Sept 5 1964) is an electronic music producer Detroit techno is an early style of electronic music beginning in 1980s

Juan Atkins released "NO UFO's" on Metroplex Records, which was very well received in Chicago and is considered a classic. Metroplex is a Techno Record label in Detroit, founded in 1985 by techno pioneer Juan Atkins. He followed with the 1986 release of the track "Technicolor".

Derrick May aka "MAYDAY" released "Nude Photo" in 1986 on his label "Transmat Records", which helped kickstart the Detroit techno music scene and was put in heavy rotation on Chicago's Hot Mix 5 Radio dj mix show and in many Chicago clubs. Derrick May, also known as Mayday and Rhythim is Rhythim, is an Electronic musician from Detroit Michigan U A year later releasing what was to become one of techno's classic anthems, the seminal track "Strings of Life", "Transmat Records" went on to have many more successful releases such as 1988's "Wiggin". As well, Derrick May had successful releases on Kool Kat Records and many remixes for a host of undergound and mainstream recording artist.

Kevin Saunderson's company KMS Records contributed many releases that were as much House Music as they were Techno, these tracks were well received in Chicago and played on Chicago radio and in clubs. Blake Baxter's 1986 recording, "When we Used to Play / Work your Body", 1987's "Bounce Your Body to the Box" and "Force Field", "The Sound / How to Play our Music" and “the Groove that Won't Stop” and a remix of "Grooving Without a Doubt". In 1988, as house music became more popular among general audiences, Kevin Saunderson’s group Inner City with Paris Gray released the 1988 hits "Big Fun" and "Good Life", which eventually were picked up by Virgin Records. " Good Life " is a 1988 single by House music group Inner City, featuring vocals by Paris Grey. Each EP / 12 inch single sported remixes by Mike "Hitman" Wilson and Steve "Silk" Hurley of Chicago and Derrick "Mayday" May and Juan Atkins of Detroit. In 1989, KMS had another hit release of "Rock to the Beat" which was a theme in Chicago dance clubs.

UK: late 1980s - early 1990s

The Haçienda nightclub, Manchester

In Britain the growth of house can be divided around the "Summer of Love" in 1988/9. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Second Summer of Love is a name given to the period in 1988-91 in Britain, during the rise of Acid House music and the euphoric explosion of unlicensed House had a presence in Britain almost as early as it appeared in Chicago; however there was a strong divide between the House music as part of the gay scene and "straight" music. House grew in northern England, the Midlands and the South East. Founded in 1982 by Factory Records the Hacienda in Manchester became an extension of the "Northern Soul" genre and was one of the early, key English dance music clubs. Factory Records was a Manchester based British Independent record label, started in 1978, which featured several prominent musical acts on its Fac 51 Haçienda (better known simply as The Haçienda) was a Nightclub and Music venue in Manchester, England. Northern soul is a type of mid-tempo and uptempo heavy-beat Soul music (of mainly African American origin that was popularized in Northern England from

Until 1986 the club was financially troubled; the crowds only started to grow when the resident DJs (Pickering, Park and Da Silva) started to play house music. Many underground venues and DJ nights also took place across the UK, such as the private parties hosted by an early Miss Moneypenny's contingent in Birmingham and many London venues. Miss Moneypenny's is a House music Nightclub that was founded in Birmingham, England, in 1986 Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. House was boosted in the UK by the tour in the same year of Knuckles, Jefferson, Fingers Inc. (Heard) and Adonis as the DJ International Tour. One of the early anthemic tunes, "Promised Land" by Joe Smooth, was covered and charted within a week by the Style Council. The Style Council were an English musical group formed in 1983 by ex- The Jam singer and guitarist Paul Weller with keyboardist Mick Talbot. The first English House tune came out in 1986 - "Carino" by T-Coy. Europeans embraced house music, and began booking legendary American House DJs to play at the big clubs, such as Ministry of Sound, whose resident, DJ Harvey brought in Larry Levan. Ministry of Sound ( MoS) is a global dance music brand and a Nightclub in Elephant and Castle, Southwark, South London, officially Dj Harvey is a DJ from Cambridge England His real name is Harvey Bassett. Larry Levan (born Lawrence Philpot July 20, 1954 &ndash died November 8, 1992 At the height of the disco boom in 1977 Levan was offered

The house scene in cities such as Birmingham, Manchester and London were also provided with many underground Pirate Radio stations and DJs alike which helped bolster an already contagious, but otherwise ignored by the mainstream, music genre. Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The term pirate radio usually refers to illegal or unregulated radio transmissions One of the earliest and most influential UK house and techno record labels was Network Records (otherwise known as Kool Kat records) who helped introduce Italian and US dance music to Britain as well as promoting select UK dance music acts. Network Records was an Independent record label based in Birmingham, England during the late 80's and early to mid 90's

But house was also developing on Ibiza. Ibiza (Eivissa is an island located in the Mediterranean Sea about 80 km off the coast of Spain In the 1970s Ibiza was a hippie stop-over for the rich party crowd. By the mid-1980s a distinct Balearic mix of house was discernible. Balearic Beat or Balearic House is an eclectic blend of DJed Dance music that originally emerged in the mid-1980s Several clubs like Amnesia with DJ Alfredo were playing a mix of rock, pop, disco and house. These clubs, fueled by their distinctive sound and Ecstasy, began to have an influence on the British scene. MDMA ( 34-methylenedioxy- N -methylamphetamine) most commonly known today by the street name Ecstasy (often abbreviated E, X, By late 1987 DJs like Paul Oakenfold and Danny Rampling were bringing the Ibiza sound to UK clubs like Shoom in Southwark (London), Heaven, Future, Spectrum and Purple Raines in Birmingham. Paul Oakenfold (born 30 August, 1963 in Greenhithe, Kent, UK) is a Record producer and a popular trance Danny Rampling is a former British House Music DJ and is widely credited as one of the original founders of the UK's Rave /club scene London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um

In the US, the music was being developed to create a more sophisticated sound, moving beyond just drum loops and short samples. New York-based performers such as Mateo & Matos and Blaze had slickly produced disco-house crossover tracks. In Chicago, Marshall Jefferson had formed the house group Ten City (from "intensity"). In Detroit a proto-techno music sound began to emerge with the recordings of Juan Atkins, Derrick May and Kevin Saunderson. Techno is a form of Electronic dance music (EDM that emerged in Detroit, Michigan, USA during the mid to late 1980s

Atkins, a former member of Cybotron, released Model 500 "No UFOs" in 1985, which became a regional hit, followed by dozens of tracks on Transmat, Metroplex and Fragile. One of the most unusual was "Strings of Life" by Derrick May, a darker, more intellectual strain of house. Derrick May can refer to Derrick May (baseball player Derrick May (musician "Techno-Scratch" was released by the Knights Of The Turntable in 1984 which had a similar techno sound to Cybotron. The manager of the Factory nightclub, Tony Wilson, also promoted acid house culture on his weekly TV show. Acid house is a sub-genre of House music that emphasizes a repetitive hypnotic and trance -like style with samples or spoken lines usually used rather than sung lyrics The Midlands also embraced the late 1980s House scene with underground venues such as multi storey car parks and more legal dance stations such as the Digbeth Institute (now the 'Sanctuary' and home to Sundissential). The Digbeth Institute is a 2000 capacity music venue in Digbeth, Birmingham, England, which has been synonymous in the development of the British Sundissential is a music event formed in Birmingham, England, that started in the mid to late 1990s

US - late 1980s to early 1990s

Back in America the scene had still not progressed beyond a small number of clubs in Chicago, Detroit and New York. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Paradise Garage in New York City was still a top club, although they now had Todd Terry, his cover of Class Action's Larry Levan mixed "Weekend" demonstrated the continuum from the underground disco to a new House sound with hip-hop influences evident in the quicker sampling and the more rugged bass-line. The City of New York Todd Terry (born 18 April 1967 in Brooklyn New York) is an American DJ and Music producer and Remixer While hip-hop had made it onto radio play-lists, the only other choices were Rock, Country & Western or R & B. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Other notable New York producers and DJs of the time were Bobby Konders, Tommy Musto, Frankie Bones all of whom had their work licensed internationally in the 1980s. Frankie Bones (real name Frank Mitchell) is an American Techno and House music Disc jockey from New York City. In fact, many of the recordings on the nascent XL Recordings (UK) came from those artists. XL Recordings is an Independent record label which was launched by Tim Palmer Nick Halkes and Richard Russell with Beggars Banquet Records in 1989 to release

Other influences from New York came from the hip-hop, reggae, and Latin community, and many of the New York City super producers/DJs began surfacing for the first time (Erick Morillo, Roger Sanchez, Junior Vasquez, Danny Tenaglia, Jonathan Peters) with unique sounds that would evolve into other genres (tribal house, progressive house, funky house). The City of New York Junior Vasquez, born Donald Mattern in August 1946 in Lancaster Pennsylvania, is a famous New York City club DJ and Remixer / producer Danny Tenaglia (born March 7, 1961) is a New York -based DJ and music producer Producers such as Masters At Work and Kerri Chandler also started pioneering a richer Garage sound that was picked up on by 'outsiders' from the worlds of jazz, hip-hop and downbeat as much as it was by House aficionados. Masters At Work is the House music production and Remix team of "Little" Louie Vega and Kenny "Dope" Gonzales. Kerri Chandler is a producer of House music. He was brought up in a small community of East Orange New Jersey, USA

In the late 80's Nu Groove Records prolonged, if not launched the careers of Rheji Burrell & Rhano Burrell, collectively known as Burrell (after a brief stay on Virgin America via Timmy Registford and Frank Mendez), along with basically every relevant DJ and Producer in the NY underground scene. Rheji Burrell is an American Dance musician and Music producer. The Burrell's are responsible for the "New York Underground" sound and are the undisputed champions of this style of house music. Their 30+ releases on this label alone seems to support that fact. In today's market Nu Groove Record releases like the Burrells' enjoy a cult-like following and mint vinyl can fetch $100 US or more in the open market.

Influential gospel/R&B-influenced Aly-us released "Time Passes On" in 1993 (Strictly Rhythm), then later, "Follow Me" which received radio airplay as well as being played in clubs. Gospel music is Music that is written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life as well as (in terms of the varying music styles to Strictly Rhythm is an American Record label, best known for its highly regarded House music catalogue Another US hit which received radio play was the single "Time for the Perculator" by Cajmere, which became the prototype of Ghettohouse sub-genre. Curtis Alan Jones is an Electronica and House music singer songwriter and producer born April 26, 1968, in Chicago Illinois Cajmere started the Cajual and Relief labels (amongst others). Curtis Alan Jones is an Electronica and House music singer songwriter and producer born April 26, 1968, in Chicago Illinois By the early 1990s artists such as Cajmere himself (under that name as well as Green Velvet and as producer for Dajae), DJ Sneak, Glenn Underground and others did many recordings. Curtis Alan Jones is an Electronica and House music singer songwriter and producer born April 26, 1968, in Chicago Illinois Curtis Alan Jones is an Electronica and House music singer songwriter and producer born April 26, 1968, in Chicago Illinois Dajae is the stage name of Karen Gordon a female R&B and Dance music singer born in Chicago Illinois. DJ Sneak (real name Carlos Sosa) is a Puerto Rican House music DJ and producer raised in Chicago Illinois Artists from the also recently-revitalised Dance Mania such as DJ Rush, Robert Armani and his cousin Paul Johnson recorded for both and did DJing in the European club circuit. Dance Mania was a Chicago Record label founded by Ray Barney in 1985. DJ Rush (Isaiah Major is a successful Techno - DJ and music producer from Chicago, Illinois, U Paul Johnson is a house DJ and producer from Chicago Illinois. Derrick Carter was active as a producer and DJ during this period. Derrick Carter is an American house producer and DJ from Chicago IL.

Detroit's labels included 430 West, KMS and Serious Grooves with producers such as Kevin Saunderson, Marc Kinchen, Octave One. Kevin Maurice Saunderson (born in Brooklyn, New York on Sept 5 1964) is an electronic music producer Underground Resistance produced garage tracks and electro tracks. Underground Resistance (commonly abbreviated to UR is a musical collective from Detroit, Michigan, in the United States of America A Los Angeles-area scene developed with parties organised by Hardkiss and UK expatriates like DIY and Charles Webster. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Charles Webster is an Electronic musician from Sheffield, England, who specialises in producing House music.

UK: Early 1990s to mid-1990s

In Britain, further experiments in the genre boosted its appeal. House and rave clubs like Lakota, Miss Moneypenny's and C.R.E.A.M. emerged across Britain, hosting house and dance scene events. A rave (or rave party) is a term in use since the 1980s to describe Dance Parties (often all-night events The 'chilling out' concept developed in Britain with ambient house albums such as The KLF's Chill Out and "Analogue BubbleBath" by Aphex Twin. Ambient house, a music genre that first emerged in the late 1980s is a sub-genre of House music, combining elements of Acid house and Ambient music Chill Out is a seminal 1990 Ambient house Concept album by The KLF, portraying a mythical night-time journey up the U Chillout music is often defined as a different genres, such as Ambient, or downtempo (later on) or New Age (older). Ambient music is a Musical genre in which sound is more important than notes Downtempo (or Downbeat) is a laid-back Electronic music style similar to Ambient music, but usually with a beat or groove unlike New Age ( New Age Movement and New Age Spirituality) is a Social Collective Phenomenon and a Spiritual Nature The unifying feature of Chill Out electronica is long sustained tones and a smoother sound, rather than the noisy, percussive sound of other styles.

At the same time, a new indie dance scene emerged, with groups such as Happy Mondays, The Shamen, New Order, Meat Beat Manifesto, Renegade Soundwave, EMF, The Grid and The Beloved. Happy Mondays are an English Alternative rock band from Salford, Greater Manchester. The Shamen were an experimental Electronic music band initially formed in Aberdeen, Scotland by Colin Angus (b New Order are an English rock group formed in 1980 by Bernard Sumner ( vocals, Guitars Synthesizers, Peter Hook Meat Beat Manifesto, often shortened to Meat Beat or MBM, is an Electronic music outfit originally consisting of Jack Dangers and Jonny Renegade Soundwave (sometimes shortened to RSW) was an Electronic music group EMF are an indie dance band from the United Kingdom. The band came to prominence at the end of the 1980s and the early 1990s coming from the Forest of Dean in For other uses of the title The Grid see The Grid (disambiguation. The Beloved are a British Electronic dance music group. Biography Jon Marsh's original advertisement in the music press In New York, bands such as Deee-Lite furthered house music's international influence. Deee-Lite was a House and Club/Dance group formed in New York City. Two distinctive tracks from this era were the Orb's "Little Fluffy Clouds" (with a distinctive vocal sample from Rickie Lee Jones) and the Happy Mondays' "Wrote for Luck" ("WFL") which was transformed into a dance hit by Paul Oakenfold. The Orb are an English Electronic music group known for popularising Chill out music in the 1990s and spawning the genre of Ambient house. Rickie Lee Jones (born November 8, 1954) is a two-time Grammy Award -winning Vocalist, Musician, Songwriter, and producer Happy Mondays are an English Alternative rock band from Salford, Greater Manchester. Paul Oakenfold (born 30 August, 1963 in Greenhithe, Kent, UK) is a Record producer and a popular trance

The UK Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 was a government attempt to ban large rave dance events featuring music with "repetitive beats". The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 was an Act of Parliament brought into law by the Parliament of the United Kingdom. There were a number of abortive "Kill the Bill" demonstrations. Although the bill became law, in November 1994, it had little effect. The music continued to grow and change, as typified by the emergence of acts like Leftfield with "Release the Pressure", which introduced dub and reggae into the house music sound. Leftfield were a duo of Electronica artists and Record producers Paul Daley (formerly of The Rivals, A Man Called Adam and the Reggae is a Music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s In more commercial recordings, a mix of R&B with stronger basslines was used. The house music scene was shaped by a variety of inflences, including the club culture scene. Like the 1970s disco club scene, the house music club scene was associated with a number of drugs which club-goers used to enhance the dancing experience, such as amyl nitrite "poppers", MDMA, ketamine, and GHB. Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define A discothèque, diskoˈtɛk̚ compare the Spanish "discoteca" is an Entertainment venue or Club with recorded music played by "Discaires" Poppers is the Street term for various Alkyl nitrites taken for recreational purposes through direct inhalation, particularly Amyl nitrite MDMA ( 34-methylenedioxy- N -methylamphetamine) most commonly known today by the street name Ecstasy (often abbreviated E, X, Ketamine is a drug for use in human and veterinary medicine developed by Parke-Davis (today a part of Pfizer) in 1962 gamma -Hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybutanoic acid, GHB, or fantasy is a naturally-occurring substance found in the Central nervous

As well, like the disco scene that preceded it, the house music club scene attracted a mix of cultural and racial groups. Tunes like "The Bouncer" from Kicks Like a Mule used sped-up hip-hop breakbeats. Breakbeat (sometimes breakbeats or breaks) is a term used to describe a collection of sub- genres of Electronic music, usually characterized With SL2's "On A Ragga Tip" they gave the foundations to what would become drum and bass and jungle. SL2 was the name of a popular and pioneering hardcore / rave Music act in the early 1990s from London, England. Oldskool jungle is the name given to a style of Electronic music that incorporates influences from genres including Breakbeat hardcore, techno, Initially called breakbeat hardcore, it found popularity in London clubs like Rage as an "inner city" music. Breakbeat hardcore ( Rave music) is a derivate of Acid house that combines 4-to-the-floor rhythms with breakbeats and is associated with UK Rave scene Labels like Moving Shadow and Reinforced became underground favorites. Moving Shadow is a UK -based jungle/drum and bass Record label that was started in 1990 by Rob Playford.

"London Hardcore Techno" was a style of music that Moonshine music released with an increased tempo of around 160 bpm. Techno is a form of Electronic dance music (EDM that emerged in Detroit, Michigan, USA during the mid to late 1980s Moonshine Music was a Los Angeles -based Electronic music Record label during the 1990s Beats per minute ( BPM) is a unit typically used as either a measure of Tempo in music or a measure of one's Heart rate. UK garage developed later, designed more for dancing than for listening, it found its way into mainstream acts like Liberty X and Victoria Beckham. UK Garage ( UKG) is an umbrella term that refers to several different varieties of modern Electronic dance music generally connected to the evolution of house Liberty X (originally called Liberty) were a Brit Award -winning pop vocal group formed from five contestants from the 2001 ITV show Popstars Victoria Caroline Beckham (née Adams; born 17 April 1974 is an English pop Singer, Songwriter, Dancer turned Fashion The 4 Hero subgenre adopted soul and jazz influences, and some used a full orchestral section to create a more "sophisticated" sound. 4hero are an Electronic music band from Dollis Hill, North London, comprising of Dego Mark 'Marc Mac' Clair, Gus Lawrence, and The soul, according to many religious and philosophical beliefs is the self-awareness, or Consciousness, unique to a particular living Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Later, this led directly to the West London scene known as Broken beat or Breakbeat. Broken beat is an Electronic music Genre which can be characterized by syncopated rhythm typically in 4/4 metre, with staggered or punctuated Breakbeat (sometimes breakbeats or breaks) is a term used to describe a collection of sub- genres of Electronic music, usually characterized

A new generation of clubs like Miss Moneypenny's, Liverpool's Cream (as opposed to the original underground night, C.R.E.A.M.) and the Ministry of Sound were opened to provide a venue for more commercial sounds. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Cream, based at the Nation nightclub in Liverpool, is one of the best-known Night clubs in the UK. Ministry of Sound ( MoS) is a global dance music brand and a Nightclub in Elephant and Castle, Southwark, South London, officially Major record companies began to open "superclubs" promoting their own acts. This page relates to a form of nightclub For the article on one of the largest video store chains in Quebec, see Le SuperClub Vidéotron. These superclubs entered into sponsorship deals initially with fast food, soft drinks, and clothing companies. Flyers in clubs in Ibiza often sported many corporate logos. Ibiza (Eivissa is an island located in the Mediterranean Sea about 80 km off the coast of Spain A new sub-genre, Chicago Hard House, was developed by DJs such as Bad Boy Bill, DJ Lynnwood, DJ Irene, Richard "Humpty" Vission and DJ Enrie. Bad Boy Bill (born William Renkosik) is a DJ from Chicago Illinois, U DJ Lynnwood is a United States based Club and Radio DJ. His career began in the early 80s when he toured the local club scene east of Los Angeles DJ Irene is an Electronic music artist Irene became a DJ in 1984 while attending college in Los Angeles Richard 'Humpty' Vission is a prolific House music producer, Remixer and DJ born Richard Gonzalez May 24 1973

2000s

Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley acknowledged Chicago's role as the birthplace of house by proclaiming August 10, 2005 to be House Unity Day in Chicago in celebration of House Music's 21st anniversary. Richard Michael Daley (born April 24 1942 is a United States Politician, member of the national and local Democratic Party and current mayor DJs such as Frankie Knuckles, Marshall Jefferson, Paul Johnson and Mickey Oliver celebrated the proclamation at the Summer Dance Series event organized by Chicago's Department of Cultural Affairs. Frankie Knuckles (born January 18 1955, New York) is an American DJ, Record producer and Remix artist Marshall Jefferson (born September 19, 1959) is widely regarded as one of the leading innovators of the genre of music now known as House music, in particular Paul Johnson is a house DJ and producer from Chicago Illinois. Two newer forms of house called Ghetto House and Juke. Ghetto house, booty house or Juke house is a type of Chicago House which started being recognised in its own right from around 1992 onwards [1]

Further reading

• Sean Bidder 2002 Pump Up the Volume: A History of House Music, MacMillan. ISBN 0-7522-1986-3
• Sean Bidder 1999 The Rough Guide to House Music, Rough Guides. ISBN 1-85828-432-5
• Bill Brewster & Frank Broughton 2000 Last Night a DJ Saved My Life: The History of the Disc Jockey, Grove Press. ISBN 0-8021-3688-5 and in UK: 1999 / 2006, Headline.
• Kai Fikentscher 2000 "'You Better Work!' Underground Dance Music in New York City". Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 0-8195-6404-4
• Chris Kempster (Ed) 1996 History of House, Castle Communications. ISBN 1-86074-134-7 (A reprinting of magazine articles from the 1980s and 90s)
• Simon Reynolds 1998 Energy Flash: a Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture, (UK title, Pan Macmillan. ISBN 0-330-35056-0), also released in US as Generation Ecstasy : Into the World of Techno and Rave Culture (US title, Routledge, 1999, ISBN 0-415-92373-5)
• Hillegonda C. Rietveld 1998 This is our House: House Music, Cultural Spaces and Technologies, Ashgate. ISBN 1-85742-242-2
• Silcott Mireille. Rave America: New School Dancescapes (1999), ECW Press. ISBN 1550223836

Notes

References

1. Peter Shapiro (2000) Modulations: A History of Electronic Music: Throbbing Words on Sound. Peter Shapiro can refer to Peter Shapiro (journalist Peter Shapiro (politician ISBN 1-891024-06-X
2. The History of House (2004) HouseKeeping: Funky House DJs from the UK

See also

• Styles of house music
• List of house music artists
• House dance
• List of electronic music genres

External links

• [2] Your Guide to Electronic Music: House